AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
EosinophilsEosinophil PeroxidaseEosinophil Granule ProteinsChemotactic Factors, EosinophilEosinophiliaInterleukin-5Eosinophil Cationic ProteinChemokine CCL11Eosinophil Major Basic ProteinEosinophil-Derived NeurotoxinRibonucleasesReceptors, CCR3Pulmonary EosinophiliaChemokine CCL24Chemokines, CCAsthmaLeukocyte CountCell DegranulationBlood ProteinsChemotaxis, LeukocyteHypereosinophilic SyndromeLeukotriene C4OvalbuminPeroxidasesAllergensHypersensitivityBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidBronchial HyperreactivityPlatelet Activating FactorNeutrophilsImmunoglobulin ERespiratory HypersensitivityGranulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating FactorBasophilsLungCytoplasmic GranulesReceptors, Interleukin-5Leukotriene B4CytokinesPleurisyAntigens, CD18Th2 CellsSputumInterleukin-5 Receptor alpha SubunitIntegrin alpha4Interleukin-3Chemokine CCL5Mice, Inbred BALB CLysophospholipaseCells, CulturedHypersensitivity, ImmediateGuinea PigsNasal PolypsBronchiMonocyte Chemoattractant ProteinsMast CellsInterleukin-4InflammationBronchial Provocation TestsReceptors, ChemokineComplement C5aCell MovementSchistosoma mansoniSRS-AConjunctivitis, AllergicCell AdhesionChemotactic FactorsIntegrin alpha4beta1Interleukin-13Flow CytometryRhinitis, Allergic, PerennialAnti-Allergic AgentsMethacholine ChlorideEosinophilic EsophagitisCell SeparationRolipramNasal Lavage FluidMacrophage-1 AntigenChemokine CCL7LeukotrienesTrichinellosisAntibodies, MonoclonalDermatitis, AtopicLeukotriene AntagonistsAntigens, CDN-Formylmethionine Leucyl-PhenylalanineVascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1ZymosanMice, Inbred C57BLRhinitis, Allergic, SeasonalGranulocytesCell Survival
Granule proteinsMajor basic pNeurotoxinPresence of eosinophilsSerum eosinophil cationiEosinophilicCationic proteinsPeroxidaseAsthmaRole of eosinophilsInflammationTissuesBasophilsSputumGranulocytesTissueInflammatoryCytokinesLymphocytesSignificantlyDegranulationAirwayEpithelialMaturationPeptidesHumansPeripheralGranulesEosinophiliaBone marrowCellsChemokinesEotaxinBacteriaReceptorAntibodies1999InfectiousEsophagusMacrophagesConcentrationHypereosinophiliaCountsLevelsBindGeneRecombinantImmunoglobulinBloodTumor
Granule proteins4
  • The late phase typically occurs several hours after exposure, upon which eosinophils accumulate in the bronchus and release granule proteins that cause bronchial irritability. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reagents particularly useful in configuring multiplex assays for simultaneous measurement and quantification of multiple eosinophil granule proteins and for immunohistochemistry. (nih.gov)
  • cationic granule proteins and their release by degranulation . (wikidoc.org)
  • Neutrophils from these individuals have abnormalities in nuclear morphology and lack primary, specific, and tertiary granule proteins including lactoferrin, collagenase, and defensins. (lu.se)
Major basic p6
Neurotoxin3
Presence of eosinophils3
Serum eosinophil cationi3
Eosinophilic9
  • The good news: a monoclonal antibody treatment called benralizumab proved quite effective in a clinical trial at depleting the number of eosinophils found in the blood and digestive tract tissues of patients with eosinophilic gastritis. (news-medical.net)
  • With anti-CD4 mAbs CD4 was demonstrable on eosinophils from both normal and eosinophilic donors. (silverchair.com)
  • Scientists have discovered that the absence of a specific protein in cells lining the esophagus may cause inflammation and tissue damage in people with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). (nih.gov)
  • The uncharacterized protein CDH26 is highly expressed in esophageal and gastric epithelial cells of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and eosinophilic gastritis (EG), respectively, compared to the corresponding epithelial cells of normal (NL) individuals. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • ABSTRACT This study evaluated peripheral eosinophil and serum eosinophilic cationic protein (s-ECP) levels as markers of asthma control. (who.int)
  • Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is triggered by food allergies or airborne allergens which causes a type of white blood cell, eosinophils, to build up in the lining of the esophagus. (scienceblog.com)
  • Espana A, Sanz ML, Sola J, Gil P. Wells' syndrome (eosinophilic cellulitis): correlation between clinical activity, eosinophil levels, eosinophil cation protein and interleukin-5. (medscape.com)
  • Also, in addition to a decrease in inflammation and mucus around the bronchi, the team found a suppression of proteins that induce eosinophilic inflammation. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Esophageal biopsy demonstrating more than 20 epithelial eosinophils per high-power field indicates eosinophilic esophagitis. (medscape.com)
Cationic proteins2
  • Within the RNaseA superfamily there is a group of highly cationic proteins secreted by innate immune cells with anti-infective and immune-regulatory properties. (frontiersin.org)
  • Following activation by an immune stimulus, eosinophils degranulate to release an array of cytotoxic granule cationic proteins that are capable of inducing tissue damage and dysfunction. (wikidoc.org)
Peroxidase1
  • Eosinophil peroxidase, which differs significantly from peroxidase of other granulocytes, generates oxidizing radicals in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and a halide. (msdmanuals.com)
Asthma17
  • This protein is related to inflammation and asthma because in these cases, there are increased levels of ECP in the body. (wikipedia.org)
  • F eNO (≥30 ppb) and blood eosinophils (≥300 cells·µL −1 ) gave a moderate prediction of T2-high asthma. (ersjournals.com)
  • T2-high severe asthma can be predicted to some extent from raised levels of F eNO , blood and sputum eosinophil counts, but serum IgE or serum periostin were poor predictors. (ersjournals.com)
  • Eosinophil-derived TGF-β has been implicated in remodeling events in asthma. (jci.org)
  • Therefore eosinophils may contribute to tissue remodeling processes in asthma by regulating the deposition of ECM proteins. (jci.org)
  • A surprising new study from Israel finds that malignant colorectal cancer cells can be eliminated with eosinophils - white blood cells that originate in bone marrow and may once have killed off intestinal parasites, but which today are responsible for chronic asthma and allergies. (cufi.org)
  • But now that most people, particularly in the West, enjoy good hygiene and few parasites, the eosinophils have become destructive agents, causing allergies and asthma. (cufi.org)
  • Our new research theorized that since eosinophils are capable of killing parasites and can cause damage in the lungs of asthma patients, they might play a role in cancer treatment and would be able to kill tumor cells. (cufi.org)
  • Total asthma cases had higher eosinophil counts and s-ECP levels than healthy children and partially controlled asthmatics had significantly higher levels of both markers than controlled asthmatics. (who.int)
  • A negative correlation was noted between degree of asthma control and both eosinophil counts and s-ECP levels ( r = -0.60 and -0.75 respectively). (who.int)
  • s-ECP as well as peripheral eosinophil count may be helpful in the assessment of asthma control. (who.int)
  • Research groups have solved a century-long puzzle about the presence of protein crystals in asthma. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Belgian research groups from the VIB, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, and the biotech company argenx have solved a century-long puzzle about the presence of protein crystals in asthma. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Such antibodies could be first-in-class therapeutics that reverse protein crystals and treat asthma and other chronic inflammatory diseases of the airways. (sciencedaily.com)
  • FDA recently approved a drug called benralizumab for people who have a form of asthma associated with excess eosinophils in the lungs. (nih.gov)
  • Researchers from the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine have found that in a ImmuBalance-treated group of asthma model mice, white blood cells associated with asthma called eosinophils were significantly reduced in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). (sciencedaily.com)
  • Eosinophils are considered the main effector cells in allergic responses and asthma pathogenesis and are associated with disease severity. (wikidoc.org)
Role of eosinophils1
Inflammation8
  • Eosinophil granulocytes appear in large numbers in inflammation sites and in response to certain parasitic infections. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) concentrations in nasal swab samples were collected and analyzed to determine the prevalence of upper airway inflammation. (upm.edu.my)
  • Tissues that did not express SPINK7 also produced high levels of chemical messengers called cytokines that attract eosinophils and produce the same type of inflammation seen in allergic diseases. (nih.gov)
  • The increased U-EPX values at 3 months after the RSV infection compared to the controls and also the slightly increased U-EPX values at that time indicate that the RSV infection causes activation of eosinophils and probably leads to a Th2 type inflammation in the majority of the children. (laeknabladid.is)
  • The new study, published in Nature's Communications Biology journal , found that the disease is caused by Interleukin-18 (IL-18), a protein involved in the innate immune response that can cause inflammation if produced in excess. (scienceblog.com)
  • CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta ) is a 7.8 kDa beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells (1, 2). (rndsystems.com)
  • In the ImmuBalance-treated group, the number of eosinophils in BALF was significantly reduced, and inflammation around the bronchi and mucus production in the bronchial epithelium was suppressed. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In addition, eosinophils play a role in fighting viral infections, which is evident from the abundance of RNAses they contain within their granules, and in fibrin removal during inflammation . (wikidoc.org)
Tissues6
  • ECP is one of the four highly basic proteins that enter the surrounding tissues when activated eosinophils degranulate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eosinophils, normally rich in gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract tissues, increase in numbers in patients with metazoan parasitic infections. (silverchair.com)
  • Mice were sacrificed and the following parameters were analyzed: whole blood gene expression, blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) differentials, serum protein profiling by immunoplex and proteomics, and gene expression analysis in the lung and extrapulmonary tissues including aorta, heart and liver. (cdc.gov)
  • These mediators are released by a process called degranulation following activation of the eosinophil, and are toxic to both parasite and host tissues. (wikidoc.org)
  • After maturation, eosinophils circulate in blood and migrate to inflammatory sites in tissues, or to sites of helminth infection in response to chemokines like CCL11 (eotaxin-1), CCL24 (eotaxin-2), CCL5 ( RANTES ), and certain leukotrienes like leukotriene B4 (LTB4). (wikidoc.org)
  • The circulating half-life of eosinophils is 6 to 12 hours, with most eosinophils residing in tissues (eg, the upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, skin, uterus). (msdmanuals.com)
Basophils3
Sputum3
Granulocytes1
  • Eosinophil granulocytes , usually called eosinophils (or, less commonly, acidophils ), are white blood cells of the immune system that are responsible for combating infection and parasites in vertebrates . (wikidoc.org)
Tissue5
  • Because food contains enzymes that can damage human tissue, the lining of the esophagus normally protects itself by producing its own enzymes that degrade the offending proteins and thus protect the lining. (nih.gov)
  • Like SPINK7, A1AT is a natural inhibitor of specific tissue-damaging proteins. (nih.gov)
  • In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. (rndsystems.com)
  • Eosinophils persist in the circulation for 8-12 hours, and can survive in tissue for an additional 8-12 days in the absence of stimulation. (wikidoc.org)
  • ILC2s and eosinophils were detected in lung tissue by flow cytometry. (bvsalud.org)
Inflammatory5
  • ECP concentrations in plasma and other body fluids increase during inflammatory reactions marked by activated eosinophils. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eosinophils are a specialized type of cell within the immune system that are involved in anti-parasitic and inflammatory responses. (news-medical.net)
  • These findings suggest that EG2-positive, activated eosinophils may be involved in the early stages of PBC when the inflammatory changes are localized in the portal tract. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This receptor may contribute to the accumulation and activation of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells in the allergic airway. (cancerindex.org)
  • Galectin-10 is one of the most abundant proteins in eosinophils, which help to mount an inflammatory response in humans. (sciencedaily.com)
Cytokines1
Lymphocytes1
  • Depressed production of eosinophils and lymphocytes occurs, but erythropoiesis and production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes are stimulated. (drugs.com)
Significantly3
  • According to the semi-morphometric statistical analysis, the hepatic infiltration rate of EG2-positive activated eosinophils into the portal tract was significantly higher in PBC than in CHC. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Treating asthmatics with anti-IL-5 antibody, which specifically decreased airway eosinophil numbers, significantly reduced the expression of tenascin, lumican, and procollagen III in the bronchial mucosal RBM when compared with placebo. (jci.org)
  • Total cells, macrophages, and eosinophils recovered in BALF lavage were significantly elevated in the OVA + PM/OVA compared to OVA/OVA group. (cdc.gov)
Degranulation1
Airway4
  • We hypothesized that reduction of bronchial mucosal eosinophils with anti-IL-5 would reduce markers of airway remodeling. (jci.org)
  • Expression of TGF-β1 mRNA by airway eosinophils was assessed by in situ hybridization, and TGF-β1 protein was measured in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid by ELISA. (jci.org)
  • At baseline, airway eosinophil infiltration and ECM protein deposition was increased in the RBM of asthmatics compared with nonasthmatic controls. (jci.org)
  • In addition, anti-IL-5 treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the numbers and percentage of airway eosinophils expressing mRNA for TGF-β1 and the concentration of TGF-β1 in BAL fluid. (jci.org)
Epithelial2
  • Recent studies have shown that eosinophils can induce epithelial cell death via apoptosis and necrosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Eosinophil-associated diseases occur in all epithelial organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, upper and lower respiratory tracts, the skin, and the heart. (medscape.com)
Maturation3
  • A lack of DOCK8 protein also impairs B cell maturation and the production of antibodies. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There he worked with Dr. Max D. Cooper (Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Academy of Sciences) and his research focused on cell surface proteins expressed by preB cells that regulate B cell maturation and homing. (ubc.ca)
  • IL-5, GM-CSF, and IL-3 are important for eosinophil activation as well as maturation. (wikidoc.org)
Peptides1
  • Antimicrobial proteins and peptides offer a multifaceted mechanism suitable to fight bacterial resistance. (frontiersin.org)
Humans1
Peripheral1
  • Determined by its ability to chemoattract using human peripheral blood eosinophils using a concentration of 50.0-100.0 ng/ml. (peprotech.com)
Granules1
Eosinophilia1
  • However, although eosinophilia commonly accompanies helminthic infections and eosinophils are toxic to helminths in vitro, there is no direct evidence that they kill parasites in vivo. (msdmanuals.com)
Bone marrow1
  • Eosinophils develop and mature in bone marrow . (wikidoc.org)
Cells18
  • ECP is a potent cytotoxic protein capable of killing cells of guinea pig tracheal epithelium, mammalian leukemia, epidermis carcinoma, and breast carcinoma, as well as non-mammalian cells such as parasites, bacteria, and viruses. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is tentatively speculated that activated eosinophils may play a role possibly as effector cells in the immunopathogenesis of PBC. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The protein produced from this gene plays a critical role in the survival and function of several types of immune system cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition, the DOCK8 protein is involved in chemical signaling pathways that stimulate other immune cells called B cells to mature and produce antibodies, which are specialized proteins that attach to foreign particles and germs, marking them for destruction. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is thought that T cells and NK cells lacking DOCK8 protein are abnormal and die too easily, particularly when moving through the layers of skin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In these sites and diseases, CD4 expression by eosinophils may be pertinent to their immunologic functions and could make these cells susceptible to HIV infection. (silverchair.com)
  • People with EoE experience difficult or painful swallowing, vomiting and nutritional problems because an accumulation of immune cells called eosinophils scars the esophagus. (nih.gov)
  • With a protracted historical past of selling pathological irritation, eosinophils at the moment are rising as essential regulatory cells. (ncbcs.org)
  • Eosinophils are white blood cells that secrete powerfully destructive proteins," Munitz said. (cufi.org)
  • Importantly, this inhibitor would only deplete pathogenic eosinophils generated and transformed by IL-18 and not affect white blood cells created by IL-5, a protein important for maintaining innate immunity. (scienceblog.com)
  • Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are conditions caused by higher-than-normal numbers of white blood cells, called eosinophils. (nih.gov)
  • Scientists believe that once this binding takes place, immune cells may target and remove excess eosinophils. (nih.gov)
  • His laboratory has followed two primary interests: 1) the transcription factor networks that regulate fate determination in various cells that make blood, and 2) the cell surface proteins expressed by hematopoietic stem cells that and allow them to communicate with their microenvironment. (ubc.ca)
  • Eosinophils make up about 1-6% of white blood cells, and are about 12-17 micrometers in size. (wikidoc.org)
  • Eosinophil production appears to be regulated by T cells through the secretion of the hematopoietic growth factors granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and interleukin-5 (IL-5). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although GM-CSF and IL-3 also increase the production of other myeloid cells, IL-5 increases eosinophil production exclusively. (msdmanuals.com)
  • these proteins are toxic to several parasites and to mammalian cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Eosinophils are white blood cells that play a role in fighting parasitic, viral, and bacterial infections. (medscape.com)
Chemokines1
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for C-C type chemokines. (cancerindex.org)
Eotaxin2
  • Recombinant Human Eotaxin-2 is an 8.8 kDa protein containing 78 amino acid residues. (peprotech.com)
  • At the same time, TA inhibited eotaxin production and eosinophil recruitment. (bvsalud.org)
Bacteria1
Receptor2
  • Receptor that binds specifically to PDGFB and PDGFD and has a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. (abcam.com)
  • This drug is an antibody that can bind to a protein, called IL-5 receptor alpha, on the surface of eosinophils. (nih.gov)
Antibodies2
  • This work has contributed to the development of new therapeutic strategies and drugs, such as a new class of drugs based on targeting eosinophils (e.g., anti-IL-5 humanized antibodies), which are now FDA approved for clinical usage. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Antibodies - Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that bind to a specific antigen on the surface of a cell. (malaghan.org.nz)
19991
Infectious1
  • The combination of C-reactive protein, ferritin and eosinophil count may be useful in discriminating infectious from non-infectious causes in patients hospitalised for classical FUO. (nih.gov)
Esophagus1
Macrophages1
  • We observed the proteins internalization within macrophages and their capacity to eradicate the intracellular mycobacterial infection at a low micro-molar range. (frontiersin.org)
Concentration1
  • Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. (rndsystems.com)
Hypereosinophilia2
Counts3
  • In contrast, only 3 of the 10 people who received placebo had a greater than 50% reduction in eosinophil counts. (nih.gov)
  • During the third phase, those participants whose symptoms or eosinophil counts had improved by week 24 could continue receiving the drug until week 48. (nih.gov)
  • The researchers found that 17 of 19 people had undetectable eosinophil counts and fewer symptoms after at least 12 weeks of the drug. (nih.gov)
Levels3
  • It is unclear why people with DOCK8 immunodeficiency syndrome have such high levels of this protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This was followed by an acute phase response including CRP, SAA-1, SAP and haptoglobin as shown by elevated serum protein levels and liver gene expression. (cdc.gov)
  • Of note, however, patients without eosinophils, in the case of immunodeficiency or as a result of immunoglobulin G-mediated eosinophil precursor destruction, do not demonstrate any significant abnormalities related to low or absent eosinophil levels. (medscape.com)
Bind2
Gene4
  • DOCK8 gene mutations result in the production of little or no functional DOCK8 protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
  • He performed some of the first studies to identify transcription factors that regulate the gene expression and differentiation of eosinophils, which are known to play a major role in allergic and asthmatic responses. (ubc.ca)
Recombinant5
  • CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. (rndsystems.com)
  • As an alternative, please consider our next generation Recombinant Human IL-4 Protein, ( BT-004-GMP ). (rndsystems.com)
  • This has equivalent bioactivity to Recombinant Human IL-4 Proteins ( BT-004 ) and Catalog # BT-004-AFL.These combine R&D Systems quality with scalability that allows for a solid supply chain. (rndsystems.com)
  • All Recombinant Human IL-4 proteins are measured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cell line. (rndsystems.com)
  • 2 μg/lane of Animal-Free™ Recombinant Human IL‑4 Protein (Catalog # BT-004-AFL) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 13 kDa underreducing conditions. (rndsystems.com)
Immunoglobulin1
  • A 40-45 KDa GPI-linked protein in the SLAM family that consists of two IMMUNOGLOBULIN C2-SET DOMAINS. (bvsalud.org)
Blood7
  • Under the microscope, blood from a patient with idiopathic HES reveals the presence of activated eosinophils. (nih.gov)
  • At the end of the 12 weeks, blood tests showed a greater than 50% reduction in eosinophils in nine of the 10 people who received the drug. (nih.gov)
  • Beyond 24hr there was a consistent increase in both blood and BAL eosinophils. (cdc.gov)
  • He also may need protein replacement, blood transfusions, and I.V. fluids. (online-family-doctor.com)
  • Eosinophils blood (%): 0.0-6.0 (This range may vary slightly in different laboratories. (medscape.com)
  • Eosinophil blood count (absolute): 30-350. (medscape.com)
  • The percentage of eosinophils is multiplied by the white blood cell count to give the absolute eosinophil count. (medscape.com)
Tumor1
  • In the first stage of research, they selected samples from tumors of 275 patients to determine the number of eosinophils in a tumor as compared with the stage and severity of the disease. (cufi.org)