Promoter libraries plasmids. Medical search. Frequent questions

Promoters of variably expressed genes lack these motifs and show stronger responsiveness to enhancers. (nature.com)
Fig. 4: Promoter classes correspond to enhancer responsive versus ubiquitously expressed genes. (nature.com)

This recombinant plasmid can then be used to transform bacteria, which gain the ability to produce the insulin protein. (pressbooks.pub)
A Bg/II fragment containing ORF2 and ORF3 was cloned into pGK12, and the recombinant plasmid, pTRK135, was transformed into Lactobacillus acidophilus via electroporation. (ncsu.edu)

Methods Bacterial growth conditions The bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study are described in Table 1. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Phage-resistant strains that carry plasmids encoding abortive defenses have already been constructed using genetic strategies. (ncsu.edu)
Shoots derived from cytokinin-treated cotyledons formed galls after inoculation with A. tumefaciens strains containing the plasmid pTiBo542. (tamu.edu)

Plasmid DNAs were collected and combined in 1.5 mL tube with aid of multichannel pipette and concentrated by ethanol precipitation. (nih.gov)
Collectively these results confirm that DNAs within the NFR-GFP-LV libraries derive from accessible chromatin areas in ESCs. (californiaehealth.org)
The rescued DNAs had been recloned in to the FpG5 LV reporter to make supplementary NFR-GFP-LV libraries. (californiaehealth.org)
As an additional check NFR DNAs retrieved from GFP+ cells transduced by the Isoforskolin principal NFR-GFP-LV libraries had been shuttled right into a luciferase reporter plasmid and independently assessed because of their capability to activate luciferase appearance in transfected ESCs. (californiaehealth.org)
These approaches include cotransformation with two independent T-DNAs or plasmid DNAs followed by their subsequent segregation, transposon-mediated DNA elimination, and most recently, attempts to replace bacterial T-DNA borders and selectable marker genes with functional equivalents of plant origin. (bioone.org)

Both plasmids are selectable with Zeocin™ . (invivogen.com)
Add any sequence of interest or make use of our extensive sequence library, such as promoters, selectable markers and resistance genes. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
This review focuses on recent reports demonstrating the elimination of undesirable transgenes (essentially selectable marker and recombinase genes) from the plant genome and concomitant activation of a silent transgene (e.g., a reporter gene) mediated by different site-specific recombinases driven by constitutive or chemically, environmentally or developmentally regulated promoters. (bioone.org)

These approaches commonly use phage display, yeast surface display, or bacterial surface display to screen large libraries of antibodies 11-13 . (jove.com)
It's frequently instructed in normal laboratory protocols to plate out frozen glycerol bacterial shares previous to micro organism incubation in liquid media and subsequent plasmid extraction, though the rationale for that is usually unexplained (apart from for the isolation of single colonies). (heraeus-targets.com)
To check the impression of this apply and the choice direct culturing technique, we investigated the affiliation between bacterial cell mass and its potential affect on plasmid yields from the two strategies. (heraeus-targets.com)
In this example, the human insulin gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid. (pressbooks.pub)
Bacterial growth was moni tored by optical Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries density at 600 nm. (gp120-inhibitors.com)

The plasmid containing a fragment from the dksA promoters to the beginning of the gluQ rs gene, with the first five amino acids of GluQ RS, named pVCPDT, represents the full length dksA gene with its native promoters. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Then, a series of native promoters were selected for transcribing gadB2 under optimal RBS and AS combination. (springeropen.com)

We constructed an episomal plasmid (pTUY1H) to clone the LIP1 element and used it as bait for Y1H screenings. (upm.es)
To the perfect of our information this research was the primary try and integration free reprogramming of wire blood derived endothelial colony forming cells in direction of induced pluripotent stem utilizing episomal plasmids. (heraeus-targets.com)

Thus, there is a big demand for high-copy-number plasmids for useful gene manipulation and overproduction of recombinant proteins in Leuconostoc . (biomedcentral.com)
The effectiveness of the isolated high-copy-number plasmid for the overproduction of recombinant proteins was successfully demonstrated with two protein models Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and α-amylase. (biomedcentral.com)
In particular, expression plasmids are one of the most fundamental systems for genetic manipulations and protein production, especially to carry foreign DNA and to produce recombinant proteins in a host. (biomedcentral.com)
ethnicities for manifestation of proteins under T7 promoter control (40) were produced at 30C with shaking in M9 medium (34) supplemented with an amino acid mixture. (careersfromscience.org)
For example, aph promoter combined with different RBS sequences were used for expression of reporter proteins in C. glutamicum (Zhang et al. (springeropen.com)
Lactobacillus helveticus 481 produces a 37-kDa bacteriocin called helveticin J. Libraries of chromosomal DNA from L. helveticus were prepared in lambda gt11 and probed for phage-producing fusion proteins that could react with polyclonal helveticin J antibody. (ncsu.edu)
HJ1 and HJ4 lysogens produced beta-galactosidase fusion proteins that shared similar epitopes with each other and helveticin J. The intact helveticin J gene (hlv) was isolated by screening a library of L. helveticus chromosomal DNA in lambda EMBL3 with the insert DNA from phage HJ4 as a probe. (ncsu.edu)

Using an existing low-copy plasmid, the copy number of plasmid was increased by random mutagenesis followed by FACS-based high-throughput screening. (biomedcentral.com)
plasmids and oligonucleotides used for mutagenesis. (peptidescost.com)

Here we design a high-throughput reporter assay called enhancer × promoter self-transcribing active regulatory region sequencing (ExP STARR-seq) and applied it to examine the combinatorial compatibilities of 1,000 enhancer and 1,000 promoter sequences in human K562 cells. (nature.com)

Here, we describe a protocol to screen a recombinant library of single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies for antigen-binding and proper cytoplasmic folding simultaneously. (jove.com)
pFUSEss-CHIg-rG additionally features the IL2 signal sequence to allow the secretion of recombinant antibodies generated using fragment antigen-binding (Fab) or single-chain variable fragment (scFv) fragments selected from phage display libraries that lack a signal sequence. (invivogen.com)
In addition, we validated our strategy by reproducing the previously reported interaction between a MYB-CC (PHR1) TF, a central regulator of phosphate starvation responses, with a conserved promoter fragment (IPS1 element) containing its cognate binding sequence. (upm.es)

Welcome to Reportergene IMAGE clones, Plasmids & Lentivectors! (reportergene.com)
To identify such genes, we have developed methodologies that allow for the selection of rare virus-sensitive clones arising after transfer of gene libraries into populations of virus-resistant parents. (biomedcentral.com)
Recombinant clones were constructed in the plasmid vector pBluescript II KS(+) (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.). Chemicals, media, and growth conditions. (careersfromscience.org)

Fig. 5: P2 promoters contain built-in enhancer sequences. (nature.com)
For IVT RNA: Plasmids were linearized by NotI-HF enzyme so that the SP6 polymerase promoter site will be upstream of the sequences to be transcribed. (nih.gov)
Herein, we present a method for the amplification of cognate VH-VL sequences, compatible with both next-generation sequencing (NGS) and YSD library cloning. (bvsalud.org)
We have adapted this fundamental strategy to develop a high-throughput practical assay for the recognition of active CRMs named FIREWACh (enhancer DNA sequences which are specifically active in ESCs15 upstream of the minimal promoter within FpG5. (californiaehealth.org)
After digestion with Mlu I linearized plasmid cDNA which consists of complete expression elements (promoter mSLPI encoding sequences Poly A tail) was micro-injected into fertilized one-cell embryos derived from (C57BL/6J_CBA/CA) F1 males and females from the Transgenic Core Facility of Weill Medical College of Cornell. (researchatlanta.org)
Finally, gadB2 and mutant gadB1 were co-expressed under the optimal promoter and RBS combination, thus converted Glu into GABA completely and improved GABA production to more than 25 g/L. This study provides useful promoters and RBS sequences for gene expression in C. glutamicum . (springeropen.com)
Therefore, optimization of promoters and RBS sequences has been applied for protein expression in C. glutamicum . (springeropen.com)

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We established an insulin promoter-driven murine PD-L1 transgenic NOD mouse model to directly evaluate the protective effect of an organ-specific PD-L1 transgene against autoimmune diabetes. (diabetesjournals.org)
We provide series of fully customized and controlled transgene plasmids for an efficient screen of multiple DNA molecules containing your genes of interest. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
The transgene consists of an EF1a promoter 5' to an inverted taCasp3-T2A-TEVp sequence that is flanked by heterotypic loxP (open triangles) and lox2722 (closed triangles) sites. (cdc.gov)

From the sequence analysis, a single mutation (C→T) at position 4690 was found, and we confirmed that this single mutation was responsible for the increased plasmid copy number. (biomedcentral.com)
As a proof of concept, in silico analyses of several Brassicaceae LIP1 promoters identified a highly conserved sequence (LIP1 element) that is sufficient to drive strong expression of a reporter gene in planta. (upm.es)
The sequence for the gene of interest is combined with the various required functions of the plasmid, and all of these components are assembled together in one step. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
Indeed HaeIII was more likely to target promoter-proximal areas than RsaI (Fig. 2c) likely due to variations in recognition sequence GC content. (californiaehealth.org)
To enhance GABA production in C. glutamicum , ribosomal binding site (RBS) sequence and promoter were searched and optimized for increasing the expression efficiency of gadB2 . (springeropen.com)

Gene regulation in the human genome is controlled by distal enhancers that activate specific nearby promoters 1 . (nature.com)
However, the degree to which human enhancers and promoters are intrinsically compatible has not yet been systematically measured, and how their activities combine to control RNA expression remains unclear. (nature.com)
We identify simple rules for enhancer-promoter compatibility, whereby most enhancers activate all promoters by similar amounts, and intrinsic enhancer and promoter activities multiplicatively combine to determine RNA output ( R 2 = 0.82). (nature.com)
In addition, two classes of enhancers and promoters show subtle preferential effects. (nature.com)
Promoters of housekeeping genes contain built-in activating motifs for factors such as GABPA and YY1, which decrease the responsiveness of promoters to distal enhancers. (nature.com)
Fig. 3: Compatibility classes of enhancers and promoters. (nature.com)
Promoters and enhancers establish precise gene transcription patterns. (californiaehealth.org)

Besides the importance of selection strategy, one key component of the successful isolation of highly specific recombinant antibodies is the construction of high-quality phage display libraries. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we describe a streamlined one-step GGC strategy for the generation of camelid heavy chain only variable phage display libraries as well as the simultaneous introduction of heavy chain and light chain variable regions from the chicken into a scFv phage display vector. (bvsalud.org)
A recombinant phage library was constructed in the phage vector gt11 (Promega) using partially digested strain R expressing the 55-kDa product of PvpA (49). (careersfromscience.org)
Characteristics of phage abortion conferred in lactococci by the conjugal plasmid pTR2030. (ncsu.edu)
Successful transfection of hosts bearing pTR2030 indicated that the plasmid did not retard passage of naked phage DNA across the membrane. (ncsu.edu)

A regular restriction ligation is inserted into a pre-existing plasmid with a backbone that cannot be easily modified. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
Fragments of the Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries dksA gluQ rs region were fused to lacZ in the vector pQF50 by using the BamHI and HindIII restriction sites. (gp120-inhibitors.com)

Corrigendum to "Optimization of a two-plasmid system for the identification of promoters recognized by RNA polymerase containing Staphylococcus aureus alternative sigma factor σB" [FEMS Microbiol. (uzh.ch)
Reaction composed of 1 µg of library plasmid, 1X transcription buffer, 0.5 mM of NTPs (GTP,ATP, CTP, and UTP), 40 U of SP6 RNA polymerase and 10 µl of RNase-free water. (nih.gov)

We additionally constructed variant libraries that enabled the identification of promoter-regulators with diversified expression ranges and elevated inducible fold change relative to the unique promoter. (heraeus-targets.com)

Our outcomes confirmed no distinction with preplating for 7 out of eight plasmid constructs used within the research, suggesting that direct glycerol restoration would not result in poorer plasmid yields . (heraeus-targets.com)
By mean of bioinformatics tools, including BPROM from the Soft berry software package we identified those promoters in S. flexneri and included all three promoters in the constructs indi cated in Figure 3A. (gp120-inhibitors.com)

Every plasmid consists of 4 classes of genetic components (i) the origin of replication, (ii) resistance marker, (iii) promoter-regulator and (iv) reporter. (heraeus-targets.com)

Cells were incubated with plasmid library for 5 min on ice and were subjected to 42oC for 30 sec. (nih.gov)
Plates were incubated for 16h at 37oC to grow the colonies and 3500 (approx 3-fold of library size) colonies were collected with liquid LB. Cells were transferred into 100 mL liquid LB and incubated at 37oC for 2 h. (nih.gov)
This plasmid is designed for antibody generation when co-transfected into mammalian cells with the light chain variable region cloned into pFUSE-CLIg . (invivogen.com)
The protocol involves the transformation of pools of resistant cells by cDNA expression libraries, followed by the selection for rare virus-sensitive cells, using multiple rounds of selection after infection by marked viral vector genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
were transduced with the FpG5 or FGF4enhLV control lentiviruses or each NFR-GFP-LV library using a multiplicity of illness previously determined to maximize the number of transduced cells while favoring solitary copy integration events per cell. (californiaehealth.org)
While FpG5-transduced cells didn't display detectable GFP appearance also after Hygromycin selection GFP+ cells had been easily discovered for Fgf4enhLV and HaeIII- and RsaI NFR library-transduced cells pursuing Hygromycin selection (Fig 3a and b Supplementary Amount 2). (californiaehealth.org)
63% of cells transduced using the supplementary libraries shown activated GFP appearance pursuing transduction of ESCs and selection in hygromycin demonstrating a dramatic enrichment for transcriptionally energetic elements set alongside the principal NFR-GFP-LV Libraries (Supplementary Amount 3). (californiaehealth.org)
This approach uses a modified piggyBac transposon to generate libraries of mutagenized cells, each containing transposon insertions that randomly activate nearby gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)

Different segments of the operon were cloned and fused to the lacZ reporter gene in pQF50, and promoter activity was assayed by B galactosidase activity. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Combinatorial assembly of tac , cspB and sod promoters and lacZ , cspB and sod RBS elements conferred differential expression of two reporters, eGFP and mCherry in pTGR platform of C. glutamicum (Ravasi et al. (springeropen.com)

Transgenic mice were generated as follows: the cDNA encoding a full-length secreted mouse (m)SLPI was generated by PCR from a macrophage cDNA library and subcloned into an expression vector pIRES3-Neo (Clontech). (researchatlanta.org)

The complete digestion of plasmid DNA was assessed by DNA gel electrophoresis. (nih.gov)

However, due to limited genetic tools including plasmids for Leuconostoc , there has not been much extensive research on the genetics and engineering of Leuconostoc yet. (biomedcentral.com)
The isolated plasmid could be a useful genetic tool for high-level gene expression in Leuconostoc , and for extending the applications of this useful bacteria to various areas in the dairy and pharmaceutical industries. (biomedcentral.com)
The Draw your plasmid online software determines and optimises required genetic features and their predicted arrangement , i.e. their position and orientation in the desired plasmid. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
The controlled reaction using the selected DNA bricks and the chosen assembly method results in the production of plasmids that contain only the required genetic features (Fig. 1). (polyplus-sartorius.com)
A number of over 50 plasmids, which include the entire toolbox's genetic components, can be found for neighborhood use and can allow straightforward building and testing of genetics techniques in each mannequin and non-model micro organism. (heraeus-targets.com)

Commonly used methods for the display and screening of recombinant antibody libraries do not incorporate intracellular protein folding quality control, and, thus, the antigen-binding capability and cytoplasmic folding and solubility of antibodies engineered using these methods often must be engineered separately. (jove.com)
With the emergence of Golden Gate Cloning (GGC) for the generation of antibody libraries, the possibility of more facile library cloning has arisen. (bvsalud.org)

Cosmid vector for genomic library construction. (addgene.org)
Genomic library building. (careersfromscience.org)
It can be accessed online at www.helmholtz-hiri.de/en/datasets/enterococcus through an instance of the genomic viewer JBrowse. (frontiersin.org)

RZHM11106) and converted into Illumina RNA-seq libraries with the TruSeq RNA sample prep kit (Ilumina catalog no. (nih.gov)
RNA was fragmented for 8 minutes and 17 uL of this fragmented RNA was used to make the RNA-seq library according to Illumina TruSeq RNA sample prep kit protocol. (nih.gov)
Illumina sequencing exposed a total of 84 240 elements in the two NFR-DNA libraries that were found to be normally 154 bp in length and to align with unique positions in the mouse research genome. (californiaehealth.org)
Next-Generation DNA Sequencing Illumina library construction and sequencing were perby reason ofmed at the Genome Sequencing and Analysis Core Resource at Duke University. (upb.ro)

pFUSE-CHIg-rG is a cloning plasmid that expresses the constant region of the rabbit IgG heavy chain . (invivogen.com)
Classical yeast surface display (YSD) antibody immune libraries are generated by a separate amplification of heavy- and light-chain antibody variable regions (VH and VL, respectively) and subsequent random recombination during the molecular cloning procedure. (bvsalud.org)
The plasmids might be effectively assembled utilizing ligation-independent cloning , and any gene of curiosity might be simply inserted instead of the reporter. (heraeus-targets.com)

Many molecular biology purposes require quick plasmid DNA extraction, spurring a number of research on easy methods to pace up the method. (heraeus-targets.com)
The findings assist the rationale for direct glycerol restoration for plasmid extraction, with out the necessity of an intermediate preplating step. (heraeus-targets.com)

P dnaK , P dtsR , P odhI and P clgR expressed gadB2 and produced GABA as effectively as widely applied P tuf and P cspB promoters and more effectively than P sod promoter. (springeropen.com)

The high-copy number plasmid was successfully isolated by FACS-based high-throughput screening of a plasmid library in L. citreum . (biomedcentral.com)
A collection of ca. 1,200 Arabidopsis thaliana TF open reading frames (ORFs) was arrayed in a 96-well format (RR library) and a convenient mating based yeast one hybrid (Y1H) screening procedure was established. (upm.es)
In conclusion, combining in silico analyses of orthologous gene promoters with Y1H screening of the RR library represents a powerful approach to decipher cis- and trans-regulatory codes. (upm.es)
Through screening of a custom clinical compound library, we identified eltrombopag (DDL-701), a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, as having PL pro inhibitory activity that is sustained in the presence of the M pro inhibitor nirmatrelvir. (biorxiv.org)
It is therefore likely that we have approached saturation in screening of this T-DNA insertion library. (purdue.edu)
Much of the screening of this library is being undertaken by the Citovsky laboratory. (purdue.edu)
We have been screening of this library for rat mutants. (purdue.edu)
We are currently concentrating our efforts on screening the Bressan library. (purdue.edu)
They will continue screening in their home laboratories, using the Bressan library. (purdue.edu)
A unique functional metagenomic screening procedure was established for screening terpene synthases from metagenomic libraries. (biomedcentral.com)

The insulin gene from humans was inserted into a plasmid. (pressbooks.pub)

In this manner, the DNA bricks and the conditions for assembly are newly calculated for every project to ensure optimal plasmid DNA production. (polyplus-sartorius.com)

An integrated framework for cDNA library production, sequencing, quality control, expression data generation, and systems-level analysis is presented and utilized. (biomedcentral.com)

We provide a method to simultaneously screen a library of antibody fragments for binding affinity and cytoplasmic solubility by using the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation pathway, which has an inherent quality control mechanism for intracellular protein folding, to display the antibody fragments on the inner membrane. (jove.com)
The method harnesses the intrinsic intracellular folding quality control mechanism of the Escherichia coli twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway to display an scFv library on the E. coli inner membrane. (jove.com)
To amplify the library 10 ng of plasmid library was transferred into E.coli DH5α (Invitrogen catalog no. 18258-012) with heat shock method. (nih.gov)

Together, this systematic assessment of enhancer-promoter compatibility suggests a multiplicative model tuned by enhancer and promoter class to control gene transcription in the human genome. (nature.com)

We tested residual DNA extracts from epidemiologic specimens and defined samples (HPV plasmids at 10 to 10(4) copies/reaction) directly (No-PCR) as well as after L1 consensus PCR of 45 (PCR-45) or 15 cycles (PCR-15). (cdc.gov)

Despite library formats and their qualitative parameters (e.g. uniformity, completeness), different Cas nucleases and gRNA-expression systems are available for combinatorial screens, with none of them or combinations thereof, yet being robustly established for combinatorial or orthogonal approaches. (nature.com)

70 copies per cell) than that of the original plasmid. (biomedcentral.com)
No-PCR results on 40 samples showed good type-specific agreement with LA (k = 0.621) but sensitivity was 65% with lower limit of detection (LOD) at 10(4) plasmid copies. (cdc.gov)
PCR-15 results on 75 samples showed substantial type-specific agreement with LA (k = 0.796, 92% sensitivity) and TypeSeq (k = 0.777, 87% sensitivity), and LOD at 10 copies of plasmids. (cdc.gov)

To facilitate the event of genetics techniques in a quick, straightforward, and standardized method, we constructed and examined a plasmid meeting toolbox that may allow the identification of well-regulated promoters in lots of Proteobacteria and doubtlessly past. (heraeus-targets.com)

ethnicities for plasmid and bacteriophage isolation were produced with shaking at 37C in Luria-Bertani broth (34). (careersfromscience.org)

Thus, preliminary, it is necessary to develop key tools such as plasmids, efficient transformation methods, and gene expression systems to make Leuconostoc a more promising host for use in a wide variety of applications. (biomedcentral.com)
Conclusions In this work we have shown that the expression of gluQ rs, a gene codifying an enzyme involved in the formation of GluQ present on the tRNAAsp, is under the control of http://www.selleckchem.com/products/mek162.html the dksA promoter. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
However, the mRNA that includes Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries the intergenic region showed variation de pending on the stage of growth, increasing 20 fold at stationary phase compared with its expression at early mid log phase. (gp120-inhibitors.com)
Expression of the nptII gene under control of the nos promoter was demonstrated by neomycin phosphotransferase assays. (tamu.edu)

4 with 40 Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries mM MOPS or M9 minimal media. (gp120-inhibitors.com)

van Arensbergen, J., van Steensel, B. & Bussemaker, H. J. In search of the determinants of enhancer-promoter interaction specificity. (nature.com)

The software also determines the optimum of several standardized assembly protocols for production of each specific plasmid DNA. (polyplus-sartorius.com)

We have devised a method for the selection of genes from cDNA libraries that suppress the block to virus infection, and so restore virus susceptibility. (biomedcentral.com)

We examined this toolbox in 9 totally different Proteobacteria and recognized regulated promoters with over fifty-fold induction vary in eight of those micro organism. (heraeus-targets.com)

Plasmids were purified using Qiagen maxiperep kit (catalog no. 12163), according to the manufacturer's protocol. (nih.gov)

The copy number of the isolated plasmid (pCB4270) was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR). (biomedcentral.com)
It was found that the isolated plasmid has approximately a 30-fold higher copy number (approx. (biomedcentral.com)

Often an optimum molecule is not obtained, and the entire process must be repeated to see if insertion at a different location may yield a plasmid with better properties. (polyplus-sartorius.com)
In all, the Gelvin laboratory has screened more than 12,000 lines from the three T-DNA insertion libraries. (purdue.edu)

Learn about the latest plasmid technologies and research tools. (addgene.org)

cDNAs from the Mammalian Gene Collection, cloned into pCMV-Sprot 6 plasmid, were collected from three 384-well plates (total of human 1062 transcripts) as follows: 10 µl sterile dH2O was added to each well and incubated at 37oC for 10 min to resuspend plasmid DNA in water. (nih.gov)

We store and distribute high-quality plasmids from your colleagues. (addgene.org)

The optimized assembly conditions allow the routine assembly of up to 12 different DNA bricks, each from several hundred to 8000 bp, in a seamless fashion into circular plasmids ranging from 4 to 15kb. (polyplus-sartorius.com)

S. flexneri gluQ rs www.selleckchem.com/products/Imatinib(STI571).html gene is co transcribed with dksA gene Although S. flexneri gluQ rs can be Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries transcribed from the dksA promoter, this did not rule out Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries the presence of an additional, independent promoter. (gp120-inhibitors.com)

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