Prolactinomas secretion of growth hormone acth secreting pituitary adenoma. Medical search. Frequent questions

Despite their benign features pituitary tumors can cause considerably morbidity due to both hypersecretion of pituitary trophic hormones and excessive tumor growth that can affect surrounding tissue. (cell-metabolism.com)
Prolactinomas Among functioning pituitary tumors prolactinomas are the most frequently observed in the clinic (40%) (Ciccarelli 2005). (cell-metabolism.com)
Excessive PRL secretion by these tumors leads to hyperprolactinemia which primarily affects gonadal/reproductive function causing hypogonadism galactorrhea decreased libido and infertility both in men and women. (cell-metabolism.com)
Prolactinomas are usually benign and although some tumors show invasion into the parasellar compartment and/or sphenoid sinuses malignant transformation and metastatic spread are extremely rare. (cell-metabolism.com)
Tumors that grow from the pituitary gland can affect the whole body by interfering with normal hormone levels. (mayfieldclinic.com)
There are various kinds of pituitary tumors: adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, and Rathke's cleft cysts. (mayfieldclinic.com)
When pituitary tumors grow they can compress the above-mentioned structures and cause symptoms. (mayfieldclinic.com)
Functioning pituitary tumors secrete high levels of hormones and interfere with other body organs. (mayfieldclinic.com)
These tumors behave according to their cell of origin and are named for the specific hormone they produce. (mayfieldclinic.com)
Nonfunctioning pituitary tumors do not secrete hormones. (mayfieldclinic.com)
These tumors may compress the normal pituitary gland decrease hormone production (hypopituitarism). (mayfieldclinic.com)
Based on size, pituitary tumors may be classified as microadenomas (less than 10mm) or macroadenomas (larger than 10mm). (mayfieldclinic.com)
Patients with pituitary tumors who received transsphenoidal surgery during 2019 - 2021 were included. (researchsquare.com)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (MEN 1) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by hyperplasia or adenomas of the parathyroid glands, pancreatic islet cell tumors (also known as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors), and/or pituitary gland tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
Duodenal gastrinomas, carcinoid tumors of the foregut, benign adrenal adenomas, and lipomas also occur. (msdmanuals.com)
Overview of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors Pancreatic endocrine tumors arise from islet and gastrin-producing cells and often produce many hormones. (msdmanuals.com)
Dysfunction within the hypothalamus or secretion of hormones from tumors outside of the pituitary gland may also be responsible. (healthhype.com)
Cooper Odelia, Melmed Shlomo Subclinical hyperfunctioning pituitary adenomas: the silent tumors Best practice & research. (ucla.edu)
Broad categories of etiologies should be considered: pituitary adenoma, nonpituitary tumors, vascular lesions, infiltrative disorders, and others (see Table 2). (the-hospitalist.org)
To test the hypothesis that Galphas gene mutation may suppress the expression of TRH-R gene, we investigated whether hTRH-R gene expression is lower in human GH-secreting pituitary adenomas with Galphas mutation than in tumors without the mutation. (e-enm.org)

Thus somatotropinomas secrete growth hormone (GH) prolactinomas secrete prolactin (PRL) thyrotropinomas secrete thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and corticotropinomas secrete adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). (cell-metabolism.com)
Prolactin secretion in the BCX 1470 normal pituitary is tonically inhibited by hypothalamic dopamine through dopamine D2 receptors (Drd2) expressed on lactotroph cell membranes (Ben Jonathan & Hnasko 2001). (cell-metabolism.com)
Prolactin hormone: causes a woman's breasts to make milk after pregnancy. (mayfieldclinic.com)
For example, a prolactinoma grows from prolactin-producing cells. (mayfieldclinic.com)
Of hormonally active adenomas, about 50% secrete prolactin, 20% secrete growth hormone, 20% secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, and 10% secrete multiple hormones. (mayfieldclinic.com)
Increased prolactin levels in prolactinoma may result in decreased libido and infertility in both sexes, oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea and galactorrhea in women, and erectile dysfunction in men. (researchsquare.com)
Prolactin levels were moderately elevated: 1539 (AB), 1186 (LS) (NR 59-619 mU/L). The remainder of the pituitary profile was normal. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

The pituitary stalk connects the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
Hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary gland is regulated by hormones secreted by the hypothalamus. (wikipedia.org)
The gland is connected to the hypothalamus in the brain by the pituitary stalk. (mayfieldclinic.com)
It releases secretions into the bloodstream and provides feedback to the hypothalamus. (mayfieldclinic.com)
The hypothalamus then regulates pituitary hormone levels, depending on the needs of the body. (mayfieldclinic.com)
The release of these pituitary hormones is mediated by hypothalamic neurohormones that are secreted from the median eminence (a site where axon terminals emanate from the hypothalamus) and that reach the adenohypophysis via a portal venous system. (medscape.com)
The infundibulum pierces the diaphragma sellae in order to connect the pituitary to the hypothalamus. (medscape.com)
Due to close relationship with the hypothalamus, many pituitary gland problems stem from a disorder within the hypothalamic region that disrupts the regulation of the production and secretion of the pituitary hormones . (healthhype.com)
Additionally, up to 41% of patients with macroadenomas were found to have varying degrees of hypopituitarism due to compression of the hypothalamus, the hypothalamic-pituitary stalk, or the pituitary itself. (the-hospitalist.org)
Ovarian insufficiency is considered primary if the ovary fails to function normally in response to appropriate gonadotropin stimulation provided by the hypothalamus and pituitary. (medscape.com)
Ovarian insufficiency is considered secondary if the hypothalamus and pituitary fail to provide appropriate gonadotropin stimulation. (medscape.com)
The interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and other endocrine glands is known as the hypothalamic-pituitary-endocrine axis. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
In another, we examine a phenomenon called a negative feedback loop, in which hormones from endocrine glands influence the action of the hypothalamus. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
The hormonal control center of the body can be found at the base of the brain, in a tiny pea-sized structure, called the pituitary gland, and an overlying region, called the hypothalamus. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
However, the hypothalamus wields even greater power, because it controls the pituitary gland. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
As an extension of the brain, the posterior pituitary contains axons from neurons in the hypothalamus. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Your pituitary gland is a small, pea-sized endocrine gland located at the base of your brain below your hypothalamus. (tomsk.ru)
Your pituitary gland (also known as hypophysis) is a small, pea-sized gland located at the base of your brain below your hypothalamus. (tomsk.ru)
Your pituitary is connected to your hypothalamus through a stalk of blood vessels and nerves called the pituitary stalk (also known as infundibulum). (tomsk.ru)
Your hypothalamus makes oxytocin, and your pituitary gland stores and releases it. (tomsk.ru)

Adrenocorticotropic hormone: causes the adrenal glands to make cortisol. (mayfieldclinic.com)
prolactinomas, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secreting, growth hormone (GH) secreting, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreting adenomas are considered as FPAs. (researchsquare.com)

GABA can either stimulate or inhibit the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and growth hormone (GH) and can stimulate the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). (wikipedia.org)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone: causes the thyroid gland to make other hormones that control growth, temperature, and heart rate. (mayfieldclinic.com)
Hyperpituitarism resulting from primary endocrine organ deficiency (eg, high circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] levels in primary hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto thyroiditis or elevated adrenocortical hormone [ACTH] levels in primary adrenal insufficiency) quickly suppress to reference range values upon replacement of the active hormone. (medscape.com)
1 Three commonly discovered lesions by hospitalists are pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal incidentalomas. (the-hospitalist.org)
Thyroid hormone levels in serum and thyroidal radioiodine uptake values were elevated, while TSH measurements in serum were low. (nel.edu)
METHODS: In our study, immunohistochemical staining was used to explore the expression of Cyclin D1 and P21 in PTC, paracancerous tissue, follicular adenoma (FA) and papillary thyroid hyperplasia. (bvsalud.org)
TSH stimulates your thyroid to produce thyroid hormones that manage your metabolism, energy levels and your nervous system. (tomsk.ru)
For example, insufficient maternal dietary iodine impacts on fetal thyroid gland thyroid hormone production, which in turn can lead to abnormal neural development. (edu.au)
The dominant negative effect of thyroid hormone receptor splicing variant 2 does not require binding to a thyroid response element. (endokrinoloji.org)
Functional analysis of a proline to serine mutation in codon 453 of the thyroid hormone receptor 1 gene. (endokrinoloji.org)

Pituitary gland problems can be seen either as an excess or deficiency of pituitary hormones or local effects of masses. (healthhype.com)
This is a deficiency in the secretion of pituitary hormones and is also referred to as an underactive pituitary gland . (healthhype.com)
Just as with hyperpituitarism, a hypothalamic dysfunction has to also be considered as a possible cause of pituitary hormone deficiency. (healthhype.com)
Before surgery, his GH levels declined to 2.72 µg/L spontaneously and after surgery he was in remission even leading to a state of growth hormone deficiency. (nel.edu)
A disruption of this process may result in anovulation and ovarian steroid hormone deficiency. (medscape.com)

Trophic hormones directly affect growth either as hyperplasia or hypertrophy on the tissue it is stimulating. (wikipedia.org)

Pars tuberalis The pars tuberalis (tubular part) forms a part of the sheath extending up from the pars distalis, which joins with the pituitary stalk (also known as the infundibular stalk or infundibulum), arising from the posterior lobe. (wikipedia.org)
Craniopharyngiomas typically grow from the pituitary stalk upward into the third ventricle and cause symptoms similar to pituitary adenomas. (mayfieldclinic.com)
These hypothalamic cell bodies produce hormones that undergo axonal transport through the pituitary stalk and into terminal axons within the neurohypophysis. (medscape.com)
Hyperprolactinaemia in the presence of pituitary tumour can occur from tumour secretion or from stalk compression causing loss of dopaminergic inhibition. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Differences in prolactinoma incidence tumor size and behavior have been described among genders. (cell-metabolism.com)
Prolactinoma treatment The major goals of treatment in patients with prolactinomas are to normalize serum PRL levels to restore gonadal function to reduce tumor size and to preserve or improve residual pituitary function. (cell-metabolism.com)
Treatment options aim to remove the tumor or control its growth and correct hormone levels with medications. (mayfieldclinic.com)
What is a pituitary tumor? (mayfieldclinic.com)
A tumor that grows from the pituitary gland is called an adenoma. (mayfieldclinic.com)
The most common pituitary tumor, a prolactinoma, causes an overproduction of the hormone that helps control sexual function. (mayfieldclinic.com)
Surgery is indicated for patients with visual impairment due to tumor compression and prolactinomas resistant to medical therapy. (researchsquare.com)
9 Horsley performed first operation for PAs using transcranial approach, 10 and by 1907, Schloffer was the first to resect pituitary tumor with nasal transsphenoidal approach. (researchsquare.com)
This is often a result of growths like a benign tumor or enlargement of the gland or cancer. (healthhype.com)
Patients found with pituitary incidentalomas can be susceptible to several types of adverse outcomes: hormonal hypersecretion, hypopituitarism, neurologic morbidity due to tumor size, and malignancy in rare cases. (the-hospitalist.org)
We report the initial presentation, subsequent course and outcome of an acromegalic patient who developed spontaneous remission following pituitary apoplexy with pathologic findings of tumor infarction. (nel.edu)
However pituitary apoplexy due to tumor infarction is very rare. (nel.edu)
Pituitary MRI Features in Acromegaly Resulting From Ectopic GHRH Secretion From a Neuroendocrine Tumor: Analysis of 30 Cases. (uliege.be)

The clinical presentation of a pituitary adenoma primarily results from the oversecreted hormone. (medscape.com)
We describe a patient with an unusual mass presentation of a pituitary adenoma in whom there was also a marked discrepancy between the clinical and laboratory findings in the assessment of suspected Cushing's d. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Hypopituitarism is usually a result of destruction of the entire or portion of the pituitary gland. (healthhype.com)
The signs and symptoms will vary accordingly although majority of the different pituitary cell types as described under pituitary gland function has to be destroyed or malfunctioning for hypopituitarism to ensue. (healthhype.com)

CTLA4 mRNA was detectable in most normal pituitary glands (48 of 50, 96%) but varied in expression, with a histological score (H-score) ranging from 0.6 to 20. (bvsalud.org)

Tropic hormones are named for their ability to act directly on target tissues or other endocrine glands to release hormones, causing numerous cascading physiological responses. (wikipedia.org)
Known as the master gland, the pituitary controls the other endocrine glands in the body. (mayfieldclinic.com)
As the "master gland", most of the effects of the pituitary gland is on the other endocrine glands of the body. (healthhype.com)
Disorders of the pituitary gland is often only detected by the signs and symptoms of various diseases attributed to these other glands. (healthhype.com)
The pituitary hormones and hormones secreted by the other endocrine glands that it targets are discussed under the List of Endocrine Glands . (healthhype.com)
In one animation, we examine the hypothalamic control of the pituitary gland, and we show the endocrine glands that the pituitary controls. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
We assessed the expression of CTLA4 mRNA and protein in a panel of 157 human pituitary glands, 45 collected at autopsy and 112 at surgery. (bvsalud.org)
CTLA4 expression was higher (P = 0.022) in pituitary adenomas than normal glands, with the greatest levels seen in PRL- and GH-secreting adenomas (P = 0.009 and 0.023 versus normal, respectively). (bvsalud.org)
It releases several important hormones and controls the function of many other endocrine system glands. (tomsk.ru)
Your pituitary gland also tells other endocrine system glands to release hormones. (tomsk.ru)
Endocrine glands release hormones directly into your bloodstream. (tomsk.ru)
It stimulates your adrenal glands to produce cortisol (the "stress hormone"), which has many functions, including regulating metabolism, maintaining blood pressure, regulating blood glucose (blood sugar) levels and reducing inflammation, among others. (tomsk.ru)
The endocrine glands produce hormones, which are distributed by the vascular system to the many body tissues, subsequently these organs are richly vascularized. (edu.au)

In some cases, long-standing hormonal hypersecretion is accompanied by sufficient hyperplasia of the pituitary to produce sellar enlargement. (medscape.com)

Most adenomas are benign, slow growing, and relatively common. (mayfieldclinic.com)

Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone: control the menstrual cycle in women and sperm production in men. (mayfieldclinic.com)
Occult primary ovarian insufficiency presents as unexplained infertility in a patient with a normal basal serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level. (medscape.com)
Key laboratory findings include elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and low estrogen levels. (lecturio.com)

Hyperpituitarism, or primary hypersecretion of pituitary hormones, is rare in children. (medscape.com)
Hypersecretion of pituitary hormones secondary to macroadenomas (see the image below) can interfere with other pituitary hormone functions, resulting in target organ hormone abnormalities (hypogonadism, hyperadrenalism, hyperthyroidism, or hypothyroidism). (medscape.com)

A major organ of the endocrine system, the anterior pituitary (also called the adenohypophysis or pars anterior) is the glandular, anterior lobe that together with the posterior lobe (posterior pituitary, or the neurohypophysis) makes up the pituitary gland (hypophysis). (wikipedia.org)
Hormones secreted by adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary). (medscape.com)
The pituitary gland is entirely ectodermal in origin but is composed of 2 functionally distinct structures that differ in embryologic development and anatomy: the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) and the neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary). (medscape.com)
The adenohypophysis constitutes roughly 80% of the pituitary and manufactures an array of peptide hormones. (medscape.com)
Unlike the adenohypophysis, the neurohypophysis is not glandular and does not synthesize hormones. (medscape.com)

A T1-weighted spin-echo MRI scan of the pituitary before and after administration of gadolinium is the imaging modality of choice for detecting pituitary adenomas. (medscape.com)

Aside from hypothalamic control of the anterior pituitary, other systems in the body have been shown to regulate the anterior pituitary's function. (wikipedia.org)
Since carnitine, namely l-acetyl-carnitine (LAC), has been demonstrated to be effective in the modulation of the central hypothalamic control of GnRH secretion, we aimed to evaluate whether a combined integrative treatment for 12 weeks of LAC (250 mg/die) and l-carnitine (500 mg/die) was effective in improving the endocrine and metabolic pathways in a group of patients (n = 27) with FHA. (researchgate.net)

These cells all together produce hormones of the anterior pituitary and release them into the blood stream. (wikipedia.org)
It has a large anterior lobe (gland cells that produce hormones) and a smaller posterior lobe (nerve cells that release hormones). (mayfieldclinic.com)

Pituitary macroadenoma. (medscape.com)
MRIs (without contrast) reported pituitary macroadenoma with suprasellar extension but no optic chiasm compression. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Undoubtedly Goliath's great size was due to ** **acromegaly ** **secondary to a pituitary macroadenoma. (serdarbalci.com)

Often referred to as the "master gland", the pituitary gland synthesizes and releases various hormones that affect several organs throughout the body (see the images below). (medscape.com)
It links the two by sending and receiving signals from other regions of the nervous system while also controlling the body's "master gland"-the pituitary gland. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

Commonly referred to as an overactive pituitary gland , hyperpituitarism is essentially an excess secretion of pituitary hormones. (healthhype.com)
The signs and symptoms of hyperpituitarism will depend on the area of the pituitary gland that is affected and the excess of specific hormones. (healthhype.com)

The anterior pituitary is derived from the ectoderm, more specifically from that of Rathke's pouch, part of the developing hard palate in the embryo. (wikipedia.org)
Closely related to pituitary adenomas are craniopharyngiomas and Rathke's cleft cysts. (mayfieldclinic.com)

In all animals, the fleshy, glandular anterior pituitary is distinct from the neural composition of the posterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)
One part, the anterior pituitary, originates from glandular tissue. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Unlike the posterior pituitary, the anterior pituitary consists of glandular tissue. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

A pituitary abscess may be seen with infectious causes and hemorrhage (bleeding) can cause a rapidly enlarging mass that can lead to a life-threatening condition known as apoplexy. (healthhype.com)
Pituitary apoplexy is a rare condition caused by haemorrhage or infarction into a pituitary tumour. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Pituitary apoplexy is a rare clinical syndrome associated with rapid enlargement of a pituitary mass. (nel.edu)
When apoplexy occurs in functioning adenomas, it may cause spontaneous remission. (nel.edu)
Various precipitating factors have been reported in 25-30% of pituitary apoplexy patients. (nel.edu)

Previous studies have demonstrated changes in p27 protein expression, in human pituitary tumours,especially in corticotroph tumours, where p27 prot. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

The pituitary gland is a small, bean-shaped organ that sits at the base of the brain, behind the bridge of the nose (Fig. 1 and 2). (mayfieldclinic.com)

Transsphenoidal surgery with an operative microscope was a standard procedure for pituitary adenomas resection in our institution. (researchsquare.com)

Aim: Clinical acromegaly is characterized by high GH secretion in the presence of high circulating IGF-I levels. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
the clinical diagnosis of prolactinoma depends on the degree of hyperprolactinaemia in the context of pituitary tumour size. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
He has received many honours and awards in recognition of his clinical and scientific leadership in the field of pituitary disease, including the Clinical Endocrinology Trust Medal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1994), the Neuro-endocrinology Award of McGill University (1995), and the Pituitary Society's Award for Contributions to Understanding Pituitary Disease (1997). (ucla.edu)
The clinical and therapeutic profiles of prolactinomas associated with germline pathogenic variants in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein gene. (uliege.be)
Clinical Biology of the Pituitary Adenoma. (uliege.be)

Based on their size pituitary adenomas are classified as microadenomas ( 10mm) or giant adenomas (>40mm). (cell-metabolism.com)

Hormones secreted by neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary). (medscape.com)

For most patients with a prolactinoma, medical management with dopamine agonists should be attempted before surgery is considered. (medscape.com)
Somatostatin analogs are highly effective for patients with growth hormone excess. (medscape.com)
Patients with incomplete pre- or postoperative data on growth hormone (GH) status were excluded from further analysis (n=14). (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Vascular anomalies in patients with growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas: illustrative case report and systematic review of the literature. (uliege.be)
Pituitary adenoma in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: a cohort study. (uliege.be)
Characterizing the expression of CTLA4 in the pituitary gland could provide additional rationale for using immune checkpoint inhibitors in pituitary adenoma patients who do not respond to conventional treatments. (bvsalud.org)

Large corticotroph adenomas are uncommon pituitary mass lesions, representing around 10% of cases of Cushing's disease, and are often found to be locally invasive. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Autopsy studies have revealed a prevalence ranging from 1.5% to 26.7% for adenomas less than 10 mm, considered to be microadenomas. (the-hospitalist.org)

The presentation of the pituitary gland problem will depend on the area that is affected, specific cells that are compromised and nature of the causative lesion. (healthhype.com)
Histology of the pituitary lesion showed a typical eosinophilic adenoma which only secreted GH when tested with specific immunostain. (nel.edu)

2009 Fernandez 2010) and studies of autopsy specimens identified up to a 20% prevalence of clinically occult pituitary adenomas (Ezzat 2004). (cell-metabolism.com)

The fetus also has a unique hormonal system that combines not only its own developing endocrine system, but also that of the corpus luteum, placenta and maternal hormones. (edu.au)

Combinatorial signalling and gene transcription in neuroendocrine cells: does PACAP potentiate hormone-dependent gene transcription? (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Overproduction of growth hormone results in hand and foot enlargement, alterations in facial features, and gigantism if the excessive hormone develops before the epiphyses closing. (researchsquare.com)

Microanatomy of the pars distalis showing chromophobes, basophils, and acidophils Eosinophilic follicles are a common normal finding in the anterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)

This may be caused by inflammatory reactions, ischemia, surgical removal, radiation or non-secretory pituitary adenomas. (healthhype.com)

Medical management of pituitary gigantism and acromegaly. (uliege.be)

The pituitary gland sits in a protective bony enclosure called the sella turcica (Turkish chair/saddle). (wikipedia.org)
The pituitary gland (green) is located deep within the skull in an area called the sella. (mayfieldclinic.com)

We presented a case with a 54 × 40 × 40 mm pituitary adenoma and optic chiasmatic compression with left sphenoid sinus invasion. (nel.edu)

Hypercortisolism due to ACTH excessive production causes Cushing syndrome, manifested by weight gain, redistribution of fat resulting in centripetal obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and mood disorders. (researchsquare.com)

Late onset Cushing s disease, occurring years following the diagnosis of a silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA) is rare, with very few previously reported cases. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Silent' corticotrophinomas stain for ACTH, but do not secrete sufficient ACTH to cause Cushing's disease. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
It was not yet determined if it was Cushing's Disease (Pituitary) or Syndrome (Adrenal). (cushingsbios.com)

The oral ectoderm and neural ectoderm that form the pituitary anlagen are in close contact during early embryogenesis, and this connection is critical for pituitary development. (medscape.com)
The other part, the posterior pituitary, consists of neural tissue and is essentially an extension of the brain. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)

[ 1 ] If laboratory findings suggest pituitary hormone excess, the presence of a pituitary adenoma should be confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (medscape.com)
2 The concerns associated with these findings relate to the potential for dysfunctional hormone secretion or malignancy. (the-hospitalist.org)
Our findings suggest that, cabergoline can be used as a first-line therapy in giant prolactinomas because tumoral shrinkage without a surgical procedure and rapid improvement in visual field defect is achieved with this medical treatment. (nel.edu)

Directly above the pituitary gland is the optic chiasm, which is responsible for vision. (mayfieldclinic.com)
A cross-section of the pituitary gland (green) shows its relationship to the optic chiasm, the sphenoid sinus, and the cavernous sinuses on each side. (mayfieldclinic.com)
The pituitary gland is related to the optic chiasm above and the sphenoid sinus below. (mayfieldclinic.com)

It is characterized by the low endogenous GnRH-induced gonadotropin secretion, thus triggering the ovarian blockade and a hypoestrogenic condition. (researchgate.net)

The pituitary, in turn, controls most other endocrine organs of the body. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Hormones "orchestrate" responses in other tissues, including other endocrine organs, and these overall effects can be similar or different in different tissues. (edu.au)

Anatomy29

Organisms6

Diseases64

Chemicals and Drugs95

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment34

Phenomena and Processes23

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care3

Tumors20

Prolactin7

Hypothalamus20

Adrenocorticotropic hormone2

Thyroid10

Deficiency5

Trophic hormones1

Stalk4

Tumor13

Presentation of a pituitary adenoma2

Hypopituitarism2

Normal pituitary1

Glands13

Hyperplasia1

Benign1

Follicle-stimula3

Hypersecretion of pituitary2

Adenohypophysis5

Scan of the pituitary1

Hypothalamic control2

Produce hormones2

Macroadenoma3

Master gland2

Hyperpituitarism2

Rathke's2

Glandular3

Apoplexy5

Human pituitary1

Gland is a small1

Transsphenoidal surgery1

Clinical5

Classified as microadenomas1

Neurohypophysis1

Patients6

Lesions1

Microadenomas1

Lesion2

Clinically1

Hormonal1

Neuroendocrine1

Enlargement1

Eosinophilic1

Inflammatory reactions1

Acromegaly1

Called the sella2

Compression1

Excessive1

Cushing1

Cushing's2

Neural2

Findings3

Optic3

Gonadotropin1

Endocrine organs2