Pituitary acth hypersecretion. Medical search. Frequent questions

Evidence of improved surgical outcome following endoscopy for nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma removal. (scielo.br)
CASE DESCRIPTION: Here, we describe the first case of a patient with CNC and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing disease due to a pituitary corticotroph adenoma. (kl.ac.at)
Loss-of-heterozygosity analysis of the pituitary tumour revealed loss of the wild-type copy of PRKAR1A, suggesting a role of this gene in the pituitary adenoma development. (kl.ac.at)
Cushing syndrome due to primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) is the most frequent endocrine disease observed in CNC.CASE DESCRIPTION: Here, we describe the first case of a patient with CNC and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing disease due to a pituitary corticotroph adenoma. (kl.ac.at)
Loss-of-heterozygosity analysis of the pituitary tumour revealed loss of the wild-type copy of PRKAR1A, suggesting a role of this gene in the pituitary adenoma development.CONCLUSION: PRKAR1A loss-of-function mutations can rarely lead to ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas in CNC patients. (kl.ac.at)
Cushing's disease (CD) is characterized by an ACTH-producing anterior corticotrope pituitary adenoma. (elsevierpure.com)
Identification of small compound biomarkers of pituitary adenoma: a bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling study. (broadinstitute.org)
Adrenocortical adenoma  encapsulated, expansile, yellow tumors, lipid-rich cells, adjacent adrenal cortex and contralateral adrenal glands are atrophic b/c of suppression of endogenous ACTH by high cortisol levels. (docsbay.net)
Most cases of Cushing's syndrome are due to increased adrenocorticotropic hormone production from a pituitary adenoma, which is referred to as Cushing's disease. (karger.com)
Cushing's disease - another less common cause of Cushing's syndrome - is generally the result of increased endogenous cortisol exposure due to excessive secretion of adrenocroticotrophic hormone (ACTH) from a pituitary adenoma. (drugbank.com)
Cushing's disease (CD) is a rare disorder characterized by the overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone due to a pituitary adenoma that ultimately stimulates excessive cortisol secretion from the adrenal glands. (e-enm.org)
The surgical resection of a pituitary adenoma is first-line therapy for CD [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], while pharmacotherapy is a second-line strategy used to control recurrent or sustained CD [ 21 ]. (e-enm.org)
It is usually caused by somatotroph hyperplasia or a GROWTH HORMONE-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMA. (jefferson.edu)
Cushing disease is Cushing syndrome that results from excess pituitary production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secondary to a pituitary adenoma. (msdmanuals.com)
Broad categories of etiologies should be considered: pituitary adenoma, nonpituitary tumors, vascular lesions, infiltrative disorders, and others (see Table 2). (the-hospitalist.org)

A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secreted. (uchicago.edu)
We evaluated 16 samples from eight patients who underwent BIPSS to measure adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels in the inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) bilaterally. (broadinstitute.org)
Pituitary-secreting tumors, first described by Harvey Cushing in 1912 and now referred to as Cushing's disease, account for approximately 70% of cases, while ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting tumors and adrenal tumors account for 10 and 20% of cases, respectively [ 2 ]. (karger.com)
The etiologies of hyperadrenalism include pituitary or ectopic overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), adrenal tumors, or exogenous corticosteroid administration. (medscape.com)
A precise differential diagnosis of CD from Cushing's syndrome (CS) or from ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting tumors is somewhat problematic due to common symptoms and signs [ 2 ]. (e-enm.org)
Background: In dogs, spontaneous Cushing's syndrome is most often pituitary-dependent and caused by hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), resulting in increased adrenocortical glucocorticoid secretion similar to horses. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
The HPA axis involves the stimulation of hormone release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary by the hypothalamus. (openstax.org)
Hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex can be adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent or ACTH-independent. (msdmanuals.com)
Among the main stimulatory factors are the pituitary tropic hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which regulate the growth and function of their respective target cells, and the insulin/insulin-like growth factor system, that, through its mitogenic effects, can stimulate the proliferation of these cells. (mdpi.com)

If hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis physiology is disrupted, ACTH secretion increases, which in turn stimulates adrenocortical steroidogenesis and cortisol production. (elsevierpure.com)
Hormone secretion is highly regulated by various mechanisms, including hormonal signals from the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland and positive and negative feedback from target cells. (mhmedical.com)
Increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation manifested in increased glucocorticoid secretion and respective GR expression also stimulates the expression for humoral immunity and Th2 cytokine expression. (nature-nurture.org)
It produces neurohormones which regulate the synthesis and secretion of pituitary hormones. (vedantu.com)

The microscopic technique is a traditional and well-established procedure that has been successfully applied for removal of pituitary adenomas. (scielo.br)
CONCLUSION: PRKAR1A loss-of-function mutations can rarely lead to ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas in CNC patients. (kl.ac.at)
We used bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS), the gold standard in diagnosing pituitary sources of CD, to obtain central blood samples for in vivo metabolomic analysis of pathways involved in pituitary adenomas. (broadinstitute.org)
Following Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, three small compound biomarkers of CD (pyridoxate, deoxycholic acid, and 3-methyladipate) were identified to be significantly altered in pituitary adenomas. (broadinstitute.org)
Exploiting the BIPSS technique, we showed a complete metabolite and lipid profile of pituitary adenomas in CD. (broadinstitute.org)
The most common cause is ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Prior to the detection of pituitary adenomas, various clinical signs of CD such as central obesity, moon face, hirsutism, and facial plethora are usually already present. (e-enm.org)
consequently, pituitary adenomas frequently extend in a suprasellar direction. (symptoma.com)

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials that compared pure endoscopic with microscopic transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in the resection of pituitary tumors. (scielo.br)
Transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is the treatment of choice for most functioning and nonfunctioning pituitary tumors. (scielo.br)
In the 1990s, a distinct impulse came from the otorhinolaryngologists, with the use of the endoscope in functional endoscopic sinus surgery, disclosing the pathway to the sella turcica and the endoscopic approach for resection of pituitary tumors either alone or as an adjunct to the microneurosurgery. (scielo.br)
This suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, also present in ectopic ACTH-secreting tumors. (doctorlib.info)
Inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) is used to distinguish pituitary Cushing's disease from occult cases of the ectopic ACTH syndrome, but is limited in that it requires the use of ovine CRH (oCRH) and is not highly accurate at predicting the intrapituitary location of tumors. (elsevierpure.com)
CSS distinguished pituitary Cushing's disease from the ectopic ACTH syndrome in 93% of patients with proven tumors before oCRH administration and in 100% of patients with proven tumors after oCRH. (elsevierpure.com)
Alternatively, the glucocorticoid excess may be due to adrenal neoplasia or to ectopic ACTH secreting tumors. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
It is characterized by tumors envolving the parathyroid glands, the endocrine pancreas and the pituitary. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Morning ACTH concentration is decreased in adrenal tumors and increased with ACTH- or CRH-producing pituitary or extrapituitary tumors. (mhmedical.com)
They can be functional, exhibiting a hormonal hypersecretion syndrome, but can be non-functional presenting with non-specific symptoms and include insulinoma, glucagonoma, VIPoma, somatostatinoma (SSoma), PPoma and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES, or gastrinoma) and other ectopic hormone producing tumors (such as GRFoma) (see these terms). (findzebra.com)

This leads to hypersecretion of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) by the ADRENAL GLANDS resulting in CUSHING SYNDROME. (uchicago.edu)
The mechanism may be ACTH-dependent, in which elevated plasma ACTH levels stimulate the adrenal cortex to produce excess cortisol, or ACTH-independent, in which excess cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex or exogenously administered. (doctorlib.info)
Introduction: Cushing s syndrome results from increased or aberrant expression of ACTH, CHR, or neuroendocrine receptors that leads to uncontrolled hypersecretion of cortisol. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
In horses with Cushing's syndrome (or pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction [PPID]) a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test can be used for diagnosis, as TRH administration results in increased circulating ACTH and cortisol concentrations in affected horses. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TRH administration on the circulating ACTH and cortisol concentrations in dogs with pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism (PDH). (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
Methods: Ten clinically normal control dogs and 10 dogs with PDH, all client owned, underwent a TRH stimulation test with measurement of plasma concentrations of ACTH and cortisol, before and after intravenous administration of 10 μg TRH/kg bodyweight. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
The observed TRH-induced increase in plasma cortisol concentration without a significant rise in plasma ACTH concentration may be explained by a direct effect of TRH on adrenocortical cells mediated by adrenocortical TRH receptors. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
ACTH then stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce the hormone cortisol. (openstax.org)
Cortisol testing is usually ordered to aid in the diagnosis of conditions related to the adrenal and pituitary glands such as Addison's Disease, Cushing's Syndrome, Adrenocortical Insufficiency, or Hypersecretion. (requestatest.com)
Cortisol testing is often ordered with an ACTH test to help evaluate adrenal and pituitary functions. (requestatest.com)
Hypersecretion of Cortisol (Glucocorticoid) causes a disease named Cushing's Syndrome - causes breakdown of muscle proteins and redistribution of body fat from lower body to upper body parts, person has " moon face ," " buffalo hump " on the back, hanging abdomen, poor healing power, hyperglycemia, weakness. (biotrick.com)
High ACTH also leads to high cortisol. (biotrick.com)
Hyposecretion of cortisol (glucocorticoids) and aldosterone (mineralocorticoid) causes Addison's disease - autoimmune disorder: antibodies destroy adrenal cortex, or block binding of ACTH to receptors. (biotrick.com)

Evaluation of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying Cushing disease (CD) is limited partly by the inaccessibility of the pituitary gland for biopsy. (broadinstitute.org)
For example, if the pituitary gland does not produce enough growth hormone in a child, they may have a permanently short stature . (symptoma.com)
Dev'tal and Genetic Causes of Hypopituitarism Pituitary Dysplasia  Result in aplastic, hypoplastic, or ectopic pituitary gland dev't Septo-Optic Dysplasia  Pit dysfunction leads to diabetes insipidus, GH def and short stature , and, TSH def. (symptoma.com)
Pituitary gland (hypophysis) lies below the hypothalamus and is connected to it by the infundibulum. (biologyonline.com)
The holocrine glands are endocrine glands that solely release hormones (e.g., thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, pituitary gland). (vedantu.com)

To optimize the histologic evaluation of hypophysectomy specimens, sections of 207 canine pituitary glands (196 postmortem, 11 hypophysectomy specimens) were reviewed. (unboundmedicine.com)
TY - JOUR T1 - Histopathologic Findings in Canine Pituitary Glands. (unboundmedicine.com)

Additionally, up to 41% of patients with macroadenomas were found to have varying degrees of hypopituitarism due to compression of the hypothalamus, the hypothalamic-pituitary stalk, or the pituitary itself. (the-hospitalist.org)

These issues originate from underlying hypercortisolism, which results in the manifestation of the cardinal signs of CD prior to the detection of pituitary problems. (e-enm.org)

05). Brachycephalic breeds were overrepresented among dogs with pituitary macroadenoma or craniopharyngeal duct cysts, but the association was not statistically significant (P = .076). (unboundmedicine.com)
Pituitary macroadenoma was the most common diagnosis in hypophysectomy specimens. (unboundmedicine.com)
Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion (ie, Cushing disease) is caused by a corticotroph microadenoma in 90% of patients and by a macroadenoma in most of the rest. (medscape.com)
Undoubtedly Goliath's great size was due to ** **acromegaly ** **secondary to a pituitary macroadenoma. (serdarbalci.com)

The myopathy from pituitary disease may be a result of secondary adrenal dysfunction and/or other endocrine disturbance such as thyroid dysfunction. (medscape.com)
Recently, the Endocrine Society released consensus recommendations to guide the evaluation and treatment of pituitary incidentalomas, which are included in the approach outlined below. (the-hospitalist.org)
Endocrine system disorders or endocrine diseases often involve either hyposecretion i.e. inadequate release of a hormone, or hypersecretion means excessive release of a hormone. (biotrick.com)

Recurrence after pituitary surgery in adult Cushing's disease: a systematic review on diagnosis and treatment. (uchicago.edu)
Pituitary-dependent disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of Cushing syndrome in CNC patients. (kl.ac.at)
A previous diagnosis of pituitary failure and central diabetes insipidus was established 4 years before, after pituitary surgery for a non-secretin. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

This type of diabetes occurs due to any of the 2 reasons: due to hyposecretion of ADH from posterior pituitary or due to defects in ADH receptors and kidneys do not respond to ADH in both the cases. (biotrick.com)
Posterior Pituitary- Oxytocin, Antidiuretic hormone. (vedantu.com)

A case of ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia and severe congestive heart failure. (uchicago.edu)
Ninety-three consecutive patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome were prospectively studied with bilateral, simultaneous CSS before and after oCRH stimulation. (elsevierpure.com)
high ACTH during the first year after bilateral adrenalectomy is the most consistently reported predictive parameter. (nih.gov)
Rare causes of ACTH-independent hyperfunction include primary pigmented nodular adrenal dysplasia (usually in adolescents) and bilateral macronodular hyperplasia (in older adults). (msdmanuals.com)

Cushing's disease (adrenocorticotropin [ACTH] excess) accounts for about 70% of the cases of Cushing's syndrome. (doctorlib.info)
CSS is as safe and accurate as IPSS for distinguishing patients with pituitary Cushing's disease from those with the ectopic ACTH syndrome. (elsevierpure.com)
Whereas the term Cushing syndrome denotes the clinical picture resulting from corticosteroid excess from any cause, Cushing disease refers to hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex due to pituitary ACTH excess. (msdmanuals.com)

Although there is no formal consensus on what defines NS, corticotroph tumor growth and/or gradually increasing ACTH levels are important diagnostic elements. (nih.gov)

Cushing's disease is often the result of ACTH hypersecretion secondary to a pituitary tumor, and surgical resection of the tumour is generally the treatment of choice. (drugbank.com)

Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion (or Cushing disease) is a form of hyperpituitarism characterized by an abnormally high level of ACTH produced by the anterior pituitary. (wikipedia.org)

The adrenal cortex , as a component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, secretes steroid hormones important for the regulation of the long-term stress response, blood pressure and blood volume, nutrient uptake and storage, fluid and electrolyte balance, and inflammation. (openstax.org)

Patients found with pituitary incidentalomas can be susceptible to several types of adverse outcomes: hormonal hypersecretion, hypopituitarism, neurologic morbidity due to tumor size, and malignancy in rare cases. (the-hospitalist.org)

Comparative inpatient resource utilization for patients undergoing endoscopic or microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions. (scielo.br)
Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach: an additional reason in support of surgery in the management of pituitary lesions. (scielo.br)
Pituitary Lesions Patients with hypothalamic-pituitary lesions generally present with some combination of Symptoms and signs of a mass lesion: headaches, altered appetite, thirst, visual field defects-particularly. (msdmanuals.com)
1 Three commonly discovered lesions by hospitalists are pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal incidentalomas. (the-hospitalist.org)

These predictions were compared to surgical outcome in the 70 patients who had surgically proven pituitary (n = 65) or ectopic (n = 5) disease. (elsevierpure.com)
5 As an orally bioavailable drug therapy, osilodrostat provides a novel treatment option for patients in whom removal of the causative tumor is not an option or for whom previous pituitary surgery has not been curative. (drugbank.com)

This rare pituitary disease affects mostly middle-aged adults. (symptoma.com)

In contrast, a delay in puberty may be caused by problems with testosterone secretion due to hypothalamic, pituitary, or testicular insufficiency or to end-organ androgen insensitivity. (medscape.com)
BACKGROUND: In dogs, spontaneous Cushing's syndrome is most often pituitary-dependent and caused by hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), resulting in increased adrenocortical glucocorticoid secretion similar to horses. (bvsalud.org)
Whereas CD was first described in 1932, the underlying genetic basis driving tumor growth and ACTH secretion remains unsolved. (nih.gov)
Forced overexpression of TR4 in both human and murine tumor cells increased proopiomelanocortin transcription, ACTH secretion, cellular proliferation, and tumor invasion rates in vitro. (nih.gov)
Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), glucocorticosteroids and sex hormones are formed in the adrenal cortex, and their secretion is controlled by the hormones of the anterior pituitary gland. (synthroidnews.net)
Secondary insufficiency of the adrenal cortex is caused by a decrease in the secretion of ACTH, which may be caused by hypothalamic dysfunction or previous corticosteroid therapy. (synthroidnews.net)
The lack of the final product of the synthesis of glucocorticoids stimulates the secretion of ACTH, which leads to hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex and hypersecretion of progenitor hormones. (synthroidnews.net)
We evaluated effects of MEK-162, a selective, non-ATP-competitive allosteric inhibitor of MEK1/2, on murine and human in vitro and in vivo corticotroph tumor proliferation and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) secretion. (oncotarget.com)

A disease of the PITUITARY GLAND characterized by the excess amount of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secreted. (nih.gov)
A benign adrenal medullary tumor that secreted adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was associated with bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia and clinically evident Cushing syndrome. (elsevierpure.com)
Causes of adrenal cortical atrophy in rats and mice include any factor that increases levels of glucocorticoids, such as exogenous administration or endogenous hypersecretion by a functional adrenocortical neoplasm in the same or contralateral gland, which secondarily results in decreased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels. (nih.gov)
The HPA axis involves the stimulation of hormone release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary by the hypothalamus. (openstax.org)

Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. (curehunter.com)

suggest that the presence of a pituitary incidentaloma is associated with a higher frequency of deficient growth hormone reserve. (medscape.com)
The main driving force for hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenocortical (HPA) activation is hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) acting in synergy with vasopressin, which is produced in either the same or distinct neurons of the paraventricular nucleus, to enhance release of pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides (corticotropin [ACTH] and endorphins). (jpn.ca)
A third study evaluating the dynamics of the pituitary-adrenal hormone response to hCRH in women with PCOS, Kondoh et/al . (medscape.com)

Hypersecretion of ACTH and glucocorticoids at baseline and several neuroendocrine function tests convincingly indicate profound alterations of the HPA system in patients with severe depression. (jpn.ca)
Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome (through long-term regular, systemic administration of ACTH or glucocorticoids). (altmeyers.org)

Major alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system that can be reversed by successful antidepressant therapy are often seen in depressed patients. (jpn.ca)

This logic - that psychopathology is caused by dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis - originated in the early 20th century when researchers focused on a malfunctioning endocrine system as the source of "physical illness, mental pathology and moral deviance" (Pettit 2013). (inhn.org)

[ 39-41 ] However, it is important to recognize, that hormonal hypersecretion can be quite subtle or even clinically inapparent. (medscape.com)
The inhibition of the hormonal hypersecretion often provides symptomatic relief and tumor shrinkage occurs in some patients. (absolutemarketsinsights.com)
Hormonal deficit is usually related to pituitary defects. (proprofs.com)
Prediction of pituitary function (PF) recovery would inform hormonal replacement strategies. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Pituitary cyclin E/E2F1 signaling is certainly a previously unappreciated molecular system underlying neuroendocrine legislation from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, offering a subcellular healing target for little molecule cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitors of pituitary ACTH-dependent hypercortisolism, ie, Cushing disease. (gasyblog.com)
The clinical and chemical features were those usually associated with pituitary Cushing disease, including partial suppression of urinary OH steroids after administration of 8 mg of dexamethasone. (elsevierpure.com)

The adrenal cortex , as a component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, secretes steroid hormones important for the regulation of the long-term stress response, blood pressure and blood volume, nutrient uptake and storage, fluid and electrolyte balance, and inflammation. (openstax.org)
Depression may also reflected disorder in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. (pharmacology2000.com)

R-roscovitine focuses on POMC promoter and corticotroph transcription elements No human being pituitary corticotroph cell collection is available. (gasyblog.com)

Hypothalamic-pituitary Cushing's syndrome (disturbances of the hypothalamic-pituitary regulation). (altmeyers.org)
Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome: As a result of long-term therapy with ACTH or glucocorticosteroids . (altmeyers.org)

The aim of this study was to determine rates, time and predictors of 6-weeks (6 w) recovery of hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) and gonadal function after TSA.Methods: We performed a single-centre, retrospec. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Adrenogenital syndrome (AHS) develops with congenital adrenal hyperplasia caused by hyperproduction of ACTH. (synthroidnews.net)
Mönig H, Schulte HM (1992) Ectopic ACTH syndrome. (altmeyers.org)
Hypersecretion of adrenal cortical hormones results in Cushing syndrome. (unboundmedicine.com)

explored the effects of prolonged hyperprolactinaemia in female mice and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, achieved by transgenic overexpression of the β-subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCGβ) on an array of metabolic parameters, including lipid profile, insulin and glucose tolerance tests and pancreatic gene expression. (endocrinology.org)
Transgenic animals with dysregulation of the HPG axis and hypersecretion of prolactin had higher circulating insulin, showing reduced insulin sensitivity with an elevated HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance). (endocrinology.org)

Outcomes: R-roscovitine inhibits individual corticotroph tumor POMC and Tpit/Tbx19 transcription with reduced ACTH appearance. (gasyblog.com)
CRH also activates pituitary POMC gene transcription by inhibiting pituitary nuclear factor-B DNA binding (23). (gasyblog.com)

European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of aggressive pituitary tumours and carcinomas[J]. Eur J Endocrinol,2018,178(1): G1-G24. (301hospital.com.cn)

In a murine corticotroph tumor in vivo model of Cushing's disease, MEK-162 treatment inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor-derived circulating plasma ACTH, and corticosterone levels. (oncotarget.com)

Atrophy can also result from more direct ACTH deficiency, such as may occur with abnormal pituitary function. (nih.gov)

Collectively, the data of this complex study seem to support the concept that adrenal androgen excess in PCOS patients is related to an exaggerated secretory response of the adrenal cortex (for DHEA and androstenedione), but not to an altered pituitary responsivity to CRH or to increased sensitivity of these androgens to ACTH stimulation. (medscape.com)

Occasionally, hyperpigmentation (with ACTH and MSH overproduction) and purpura are present. (altmeyers.org)

Pituitary metastases do occur, but uncommonly cause clinical manifestations, especially in the absence of a known primary tumor. (medscape.com)

Standard treatments are repeat surgery or radiotherapy, which can control hypersecretion, but have poor efficacy on tumor progression. (301hospital.com.cn)

Non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas are often detected after a long latency period, with symptoms due to compression of adjacent structures (headache, visual field abnormality) and hyposecretion of pituitary hormones. (pediatricneurosciences.com)

Anatomy9

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs17

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Adenoma15

Adrenocorticotropic9

Secretion4

Adenomas8

Tumors10

Cortisol13

GLAND5

Glands2

Hypothalamus1

Hypercortisolism1

Macroadenoma4

Endocrine3

Diagnosis3

Posterior pituitary2

Bilateral4

Syndrome3

Corticotroph1

Surgical resection1

Anterior1

Hormones1

Hypopituitarism1

Lesions4

Patients2

Disease1

Secretion8

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone4

Neoplasms1

Hormone3

Glucocorticoids2

Adrenocortical1

Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal1

Hormonal4

Cushing Disease2

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal2

Human being pit1

CUSHING'S SYNDROME2

Hypothalamo-pituitary1

Syndrome3

Axis2

POMC2

Carcinomas1

Corticosterone1

Deficiency1

Excess1

Overproduction1

Manifestations1

Radiotherapy1

Adjacent structures1