EpidermisDarkly pigmented individualsPigmentationRetinalEpitheliumMelanomaDendriticAmino acid tyrosineSkin'sLesionsAmelanoticColorationMerkelKeratinocytesMolesEpidermalProducesVitiligoNeuralMelanocyticLesionRegulateHomeostasisClustersTypicallyGenesRadiationProteinsProduceSpotsGenePrimarilyFoundAlbinismRolesProductionResponsible for skinGeneticReceptorUltravioletHairDamageFormActivationMake
Epidermis5
- Melanocytes are melanin-producing neural crest-derived cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer of the eye (the uvea), the inner ear, vaginal epithelium, meninges, bones, and heart. (wikipedia.org)
- Typically, between 1000 and 2000 melanocytes are found per square millimeter of skin or approximately 5% to 10% of the cells in the basal layer of epidermis. (wikipedia.org)
- Melanocytes are melanin-producing cells found in the basal cell layer of the epidermis. (medscape.com)
- Nevus cells are incompletely differentiated melanocytes that are found in clumps in the epidermis or the dermis. (medscape.com)
- At about 8% of epidermal cells, melanocytes form the second most numerous cell type in the epidermis. (innerbody.com)
Darkly pigmented individuals2
- The difference in skin color between lightly and darkly pigmented individuals is due not to the number (quantity) of melanocytes in their skin, but to the melanocytes' level of activity (quantity and relative amounts of eumelanin and pheomelanin). (wikipedia.org)
- In darkly pigmented individuals, melanin can be found in abundance within the melanophages of the dermal papilla. (medscape.com)
Pigmentation4
- The loss of pigmentation occurs when cells that produce pigment, called melanocytes, are destroyed. (pfizer.com)
- My research is focused on investigating the function of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) , its agonists α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and ACTH, and antagonists agouti signaling protein and human β-defensin 3 in regulating cutaneous pigmentation and the response to UV radiation. (uc.edu)
- Restoration of cutaneous pigmentation by transplantation to mice of isogeneic human melanocytes in dermal-epidermal engineered skin substitutes. (uc.edu)
- These patients do have some pigment, but they have lighter pigmentation than expected due to their relatives and ethnicity. (medscape.com)
Retinal1
- Patients with this disorder are found to have giant melanosomes in their skin melanocytes and retinal pigment epithelium. (medscape.com)
Epithelium2
- During mouse embryonic development, a subpopulation of neural crest cell-derived melanocytes migrates and incorporates into a subregion of the cochlear epithelium, forming the intermediate cell layer of the stria vascularis. (jneurosci.org)
- Its receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Met , is expressed in the cochlear epithelium and melanocyte-derived intermediate cells in the stria vascularis. (jneurosci.org)
Melanoma4
- Although a pigmented eyelid lesion may appear benign, it is wise to obtain a specimen for pathological examination because of the associated risk of mortality associated with malignant melanoma. (medscape.com)
- We have studied the transgenic mouse strain, Tyrp-1-TAg, to try to gain insight into possible molecular mechanisms common to pigmented ocular neoplasms occurring spontaneously in the eyes of these mice and human choroidal melanoma. (molvis.org)
- Melanoma, derived from melanocytes, is the deadliest form of skin cancer. (limamemorial.org)
- melanoma malignum ) originates in pigment producing cells called melanocytes and is less common but far more deadly than cancers mentioned above [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Dendritic4
- Although melanocytes are dendritic in form and share many characteristics with dendritic cells, they derive from different cell lineages. (wikipedia.org)
- As such, although morphologically and functionally similar, melanocytes and dendritic cells are not the same. (wikipedia.org)
- All cells in any given vertebrate express MHC, but most cells only express MHC class I. The other class of MHC, Class II, is found only on "professional" antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, and melanocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- Pigmented lesions of the eyelids arise from 1 of 3 types of melanocytes, as follows: (1) epidermal or dendritic melanocytes, (2) nevus cells or nevocytes, and (3) dermal or fusiform melanocytes. (medscape.com)
Amino acid tyrosine2
- Tyrosinase is required for melanocytes to produce melanin from the amino acid tyrosine. (wikipedia.org)
- Melanin is synthesized in melanocytes from the amino acid tyrosine. (medscape.com)
Skin's2
- Finally, UVB radiation attacks the skin's melanocytes (pigment cells). (americanskin.org)
- The melanocytes react by stepping up production of melanin and sending melanasomes to the skin's surface to act as a filter against the sun's rays actually damage the DNA of the pigment cells. (americanskin.org)
Lesions7
- Therefore, it is important to recognize benign and malignant lesions of the eyelid, especially when pigmented. (medscape.com)
- Suspicious eyelid lesions, particularly when they are pigmented, need to be removed for purposes of a biopsy. (medscape.com)
- Pigmented lesions in infants and small children may pose a significant risk of sight loss. (medscape.com)
- Pigmented lesions in infants and children also may be associated with pathology in contiguous structures or associated with systemic disease. (medscape.com)
- The frequency of pigmented lesions of the eyelid varies according to the lesion type and patient characteristics. (medscape.com)
- Goldman was the first dermatologist to coin the term "dermascopy" and to use the dermatoscope to evaluate pigmented cutaneous lesions. (hindawi.com)
- Pigment cell transplantation offers an alternative for the treatment of segmental vitiligo or stable non-segmental lesions. (medscape.com)
Amelanotic2
- Nevus cells may or may not produce pigment and, therefore, can be classified as melanotic or amelanotic. (medscape.com)
- Most are amelanotic, which means they do not involve the pigmented melanocytes of the skin, unlike in some other types of skin cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Coloration4
- Other genes affecting coloration are involved in pigment production or development (i.e. regulating the development and migration of pigment cells during embryogenesis). (creation.com)
- Melanocytes are not the only cells responsible for differences in skin coloration. (spiritindia.com)
- New research from the University of Cincinnati (UC) has shown that some of the most basic cells on the skin?s surface influence pigment production and help regulate skin coloration. (spiritindia.com)
- Melanin is the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye coloration. (medscape.com)
Merkel2
- Interspersed among the keratinocytes, we also find melanocytes and other specialized cells, known as Merkel cells. (wikibooks.org)
- The cells of the stratum basale include cuboidal keratinocytes, melanocytes, and Merkel cells. (innerbody.com)
Keratinocytes1
- Fueling Melanocytes with ATP from Keratinocytes Accelerates Melanin Synthesis. (uc.edu)
Moles1
- Moles are pigmented colored cells that can appear anywhere on our bodies. (cancercare.org)
Epidermal1
- Melanomas arise from epidermal melanocytes and represent less than 1% of all eyelid tumors. (medscape.com)
Produces2
- The white areas are depigmented due to the absence of melanocytes, the cell type which produces pigment. (creation.com)
- This gene produces pigment cell-specific, intracellular G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), which appears to result in faulty transport of melanosomes and lysosomes as well as macromelanosomes. (medscape.com)
Vitiligo7
- Vitiligo is a condition in which patches of skin lose pigment, leaving lighter spots. (pfizer.com)
- Vitiligo begins with the death of melanocytes, the cells responsible for giving your skin and hair their color. (pfizer.com)
- 2,3 The most common type of vitiligo, known as generalized or nonsegmental vitiligo, may be an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system attacks melanocytes and kills them. (pfizer.com)
- Vitiligo is condition of the skin in which destruction of melanocytes in small or large circumscribed areas results in patches of depigmentation, often having a hyperpigmented border, and often enlarging slowly. (spiritindia.com)
- Vitiligo occurs when pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) die or stop producing melanin - the pigment that gives your skin, hair and eyes color. (xshotpix.com)
- In non-segmental vitiligo, early factors include activation of innate immunity, inflammasome activation, oxidative stress, and loss of melanocyte adhesion. (medscape.com)
- Nonetheless, the main mechanism leading to non-segmental vitiligo involves an immune-mediated destruction of melanocytes. (medscape.com)
Neural3
- Melanocytes on the other hand originate from neural crest cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Pigment-producing cells derive embryologically from the neural crest. (medscape.com)
- Melanocytes produce melanin and are derived from neural crest cells. (medscape.com)
Melanocytic1
- 4 It encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development and homeostasis of several cell lines including melanocytic (pigment), hematologic (blood), mast, and germ cells. (creation.com)
Lesion2
- Dermoscopy enables clinicians to observe global and local structures very precisely and thus provides the additional criteria for the clinical diagnosis of pigmented skin lesion. (hindawi.com)
- a) Specific optical system for the pigmented skin lesion examination. (hindawi.com)
Regulate1
- Certain chemical messengers regulate which melanocytes deliver their pigment to the zebra [source: Camazine]. (howstuffworks.com)
Homeostasis1
- Significance of the Melanocortin 1 and Endothelin B Receptors in Melanocyte Homeostasis and Prevention of Sun-Induced Genotoxicity. (uc.edu)
Clusters1
- A common mole is a growth on the skin that develops when pigment cells (melanocytes) grow in clusters. (cancer.gov)
Typically2
- Although their size can vary, melanocytes are typically 7 μm in length. (wikipedia.org)
- Because basal cell carcinoma does not typically affect melanocytes , it may not cause skin discoloration. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Genes2
- Mutations in these genes affect proteins involved in the signaling pathway for pigment production and explain a large amount of the color variation in mammals. (creation.com)
- However, some melanocyte-specific genes were also affected. (medscape.com)
Radiation1
- Melanocytes produce the pigment melanin to protect the skin from ultraviolet radiation and sunburn. (innerbody.com)
Proteins1
- Importantly, melanocytes stimulated by cytokines express surface proteins such as CD40 and ICAM1 in addition to MHC class II, allowing for co-stimulation of T cells. (wikipedia.org)
Produce1
- Melanocyte skin cells produce the pigments that color the fur. (howstuffworks.com)
Spots1
- The numerous effects also cause the development of age spots or pigmented spots. (paullabrecque.com)
Gene2
- Each gene is related to different protein having a role in pigment production. (wikipedia.org)
- Here, variation in a gene affecting the development and movement of pigment cells, KIT , is examined. (creation.com)
Primarily1
- Melanin is a dark pigment primarily responsible for skin color. (wikipedia.org)
Found2
- The melanin pigment was present in all of the tissue layers of most organs, while the melanin pigment was found in only specific layers of some of the organs. (xshotpix.com)
- Melanocytes can be found between the basal cells of the hair matrix. (medscape.com)
Albinism1
- The pathophysiology of ocular albinism is a reduction in the number of melanosomes, although each melanosome may be fully pigmented. (medscape.com)
Roles1
- In addition to presenting antigen, one of the roles of melanocytes in the immune response is cytokine production. (wikipedia.org)
Production1
- Which disorder is due to an increase amount of melanin pigment in the skin when there is increased production of melanin by the melanocytes? (xshotpix.com)
Responsible for skin1
- The pigment melanin, which is responsible for skin and hair color in mammals, is produced in specialized cells called melanocytes and then distributed to other cells. (spiritindia.com)
Genetic1
- Genetic dissection of HGF signaling via c-MET reveals that the incorporation of the melanocytes into the future stria vascularis of the cochlear duct requires c-MET signaling. (jneurosci.org)
Receptor2
- Like other immune cells, melanocytes secrete these cytokines in response to activation of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) such as Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) which recognize MAMPs. (wikipedia.org)
- We were among the first to demonstrate that human melanocytes express functional MC1R and that activation of this receptor is critical for the melanogenic (i.e. tanning response) to UV. (uc.edu)
Ultraviolet1
- The skin contains secretions that can kill bacteria, and the pigment melanin provides a chemical defense against ultraviolet light that can damage skin cells. (limamemorial.org)
Hair2
- Melanin is transferred from these melanocytes into the cells that make up the hair shaft and is responsible for the color of the hair according to its quantity. (medscape.com)
- The inner root sheath (IRS) is closely apposed to the hair shaft, and, because the sheath contains no pigment, it can easily be distinguished from the hair shaft. (medscape.com)
Damage1
- Endothelin-1 Protects Human Melanocytes from UV-Induced DNA Damage by Activating JNK and p38 Signaling Pathways. (uc.edu)
Form1
- NC cells differentiate to form a broad array of derivatives, including neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system, smooth muscle, cartilage, craniofacial mesenchyme, and melanocytes ( Mayor and Theveneau, 2013 ). (jneurosci.org)
Activation1
- This makes sense since the pattern is a result of pigment activation (black) and inhibition (white). (howstuffworks.com)
Make1
- Melanocytes make protective pigment. (wikibooks.org)