Hospital-Physician RelationsHospital MortalityPhysiciansMortalityIntensive Care UnitsRetrospective StudiesLength of StayPhysician's Practice PatternsPhysicians, FamilyPhysicians, Primary CareHospitals, TeachingPhysician's RoleAPACHEProspective StudiesHospitals, UniversityCritical IllnessTime FactorsUnited StatesTreatment OutcomePatient AdmissionIntensive CarePostoperative ComplicationsHospital CostsCohort StudiesRisk FactorsHospitals, GeneralLogistic ModelsFollow-Up StudiesInfant MortalityCause of DeathHospital Bed CapacityRisk AssessmentHospitalizationRisk AdjustmentSeverity of Illness IndexPhysicians, WomenAge FactorsAttitude of Health PersonnelHospitals, Low-VolumeSepsisSurvival RateEmergency Service, HospitalHospitals, UrbanSurvival AnalysisQuality of Health CarePrognosisRespiration, ArtificialNursing Staff, HospitalHospitals, High-VolumeMultivariate AnalysisHospitals, Group PracticeEmergenciesHospitalsInfant, NewbornCritical CareChi-Square DistributionDiagnosis-Related GroupsOutcome Assessment (Health Care)Surgery Department, HospitalPhysician AssistantsIncidenceMyocardial InfarctionPhysician-Patient RelationsEconomics, HospitalHospitals, PediatricQuestionnairesPatient DischargeEpidemiologic MethodsAcute DiseaseCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services (U.S.)Coronary Artery BypassHospitals, SpecialSurgical Procedures, OperativeSpecializationMedicineHospitals, DistrictCardiology Service, HospitalRegistriesPredictive Value of TestsPhysicians' OfficesAcute Kidney InjurySex FactorsPhysician ImpairmentHealth Care SurveysOdds Ratio