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Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine ViralPestivirus InfectionsBovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal DiseaseDiarrhea Virus 1, Bovine ViralDiarrhea Virus 2, Bovine ViralDiarrheaPestivirusPorcine epidemic diarrhea virusClassical swine fever virusCattleRNA VirusesVirologyBorder disease virusVirus ReplicationCattle DiseasesRNA, ViralMolecular Sequence DataVirus DiseasesVaccinia virusVirus CultivationCytopathogenic Effect, ViralBorder DiseasePhylogenyAntigens, ViralReceptors, VirusVirus SheddingRupicapraViral ProteinsAntibodies, ViralNeutralization TestsDiarrhea, InfantileCell LineViral Nonstructural ProteinsVirus AssemblyPlant VirusesDNA VirusesRNA HelicasesDefective VirusesSimian virus 40Sindbis VirusClassical Swine FeverAmino Acid SequenceDNA, ViralSwineGenome, ViralGenes, ViralMeasles virusInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeHerpesvirus 1, BovineSequence Analysis, DNARabies virusVero CellsInfluenza A Virus, H5N1 SubtypeHemorrhagic Syndrome, BovineVirionCercopithecus aethiopsHepatitis B virusCoronavirus InfectionsReindeerSwine Diseases5' Untranslated RegionsViral Plaque AssayInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeAntiviral AgentsArtiodactylaWest Nile virusAbortion, VeterinaryRespiratory Syncytial VirusesSpecies SpecificityBase SequenceVesicular stomatitis Indiana virusPolymerase Chain ReactionLeukemia Virus, BovineVirus ActivationHepacivirusBovine Respiratory Disease ComplexInfectious Bovine RhinotracheitisVirus LatencyVirus InactivationVirus Physiological PhenomenaHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusRespiratory Syncytial Virus, BovineCamelids, New WorldPeptide HydrolasesReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionVirulenceViral Envelope ProteinsParainfluenza Virus 3, HumanOncogenic VirusesFecesCapsidGene Expression Regulation, ViralViral Structural ProteinsSimian immunodeficiency virusRNA ReplicaseTransmissible gastroenteritis virusCells, CulturedMumps virusParainfluenza Virus 1, HumanEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
BVDVFlaviviridaeMember of the genusGenomeReplicationAntigenCSFVRespiratory diseaseSpeciesProteinsAntibodiesInfectPathogensStructuralCytoplasmicLossesMucosalSwineGeneticallyEnvelopeTranscriptionCattleFamilyInfectionNeutralizationParticlesDiseaseDiseases causedJournalImmuneAnimalsHighFoundHost cellIncludeCommonBody
BVDV7
  • Pestiviruses, like bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bear a striking degree of similarity to HCV concerning polyprotein organization, processing, and function. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Despite the insertion of a ubiquitin gene or an internal ribosomal entry site between the NS2 and NS3 coding sequences, the selected chimeric BVDV-1 genomes gave rise to infectious virus progeny. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • The genus Pestivirus comprises the established species bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)-1, BVDV-2, border disease virus (BDV), and classical swine fever virus (CSFV), as well as a growing number of additional tentative Pestivirus species. (cdc.gov)
  • Bovine viral diarrhea or BVD is a common cattle disease caused by the notorious bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). (cowcaretaker.com)
  • Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) shares high structural and antigenic homology with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and border disease virus (BDV). (bvsalud.org)
  • Consistently with the analysis above, this epitope distinguished antibodies against CSFV from those against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). (bvsalud.org)
  • Cross-infection studies of normal calves infected with homologous pairs of non-cytopathic and cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) showed significant differences in both humoral and cell- mediated immune responses against either biotype over a period of 5 months. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Flaviviridae9
  • Flaviviridae is a family of enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses which mainly infect mammals and birds. (wikipedia.org)
  • The family Flaviviridae contains three genera of positive-strand RNA viruses, namely, Flavivirus, Hepacivirus (e.g., hepatitis C virus [HCV]), and Pestivirus. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • Pestiviruses are enveloped viruses within the family Flaviviridae that have a highly variable single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of ≈12.3 kb ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The present invention is relative to chimerical peptides, whose primary structure holds at least one segment which inhibits the activation of the NS3 protease of a virus from the Flaviviridae family, they also contain a cell penetrating segment and they are capable of inhibiting or attenuate the viral infection. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
  • This invention is also relative to pharmaceutical compounds which contain these chimerical peptides for the prevention and/or treatment of the infection caused by a virus of the Flaviviridae family. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
  • 1. Chimerical peptides, characterized by having a primary structure comprising at least one segment inhibitor of the activation of the NS3pro protease from a virus of the Flaviviridae family and a cell penetrating segment and these peptides are able to inhibit or attenuate the infection by the virus. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
  • 10. Chimerical peptides according to the claim 1, where the mentioned virus from the Flaviviridae family is a Hepacivirus and specifically HCV. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
  • Pestivirus is a genus of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genomes in the family Flaviviridae, which also includes Border Disease Virus (BDV) and Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV). (cowcaretaker.com)
  • The etiologic agent of CSF, classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is one member of the genus Pestivirus of the Flaviviridae family [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Member of the genus1
Genome4
  • The genome encodes a single polyprotein with multiple transmembrane domains that is cleaved, by both host and viral proteases, into structural and non-structural proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • These viruses have a segmented genome of 4 or 5 pieces. (wikipedia.org)
  • Of the nonhost reads, 89.9% assembled into a single sequence contig encompassing the entire pestivirus Burdur/05 genome (coverage 196-fold). (cdc.gov)
  • Additionally, we obtained the complete or near-complete genome of bovine rhinitis B, enterovirus E1, bovine viral diarrhea virus (sub-genotypes 1a and 1c) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and partial sequences of other viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
Replication6
  • Viral replication is cytoplasmic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Replication follows the positive-stranded RNA virus replication model. (wikipedia.org)
  • Along this line, in both systems, release of nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) is essential for viral RNA replication. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • These findings challenge a previously accepted dogma for pestivirus replication and provide new implications for virion morphogenesis of pestiviruses and HCV. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • The attempt resulted in the loss of the infectious GPE- seed clone production due to the impaired replication by an amino acid substitution in the viral polymerase NS5B. (bvsalud.org)
  • In eukaryotes, subsequent activation and viral replication is thought to be caused by extracellular stimulation of cellular transcription factors. (lookformedical.com)
Antigen1
CSFV7
  • To determine why serum from small ruminants infected with ruminant pestiviruses reacted positively to classical swine fever virus (CSFV)-specific diagnostic tests, we analyzed 2 pestiviruses from Turkey. (cdc.gov)
  • They differed genetically and antigenically from known Pestivirus species and were closely related to CSFV. (cdc.gov)
  • A detailed genetic and antigenic characterization revealed that these 2 isolates must be regarded as representatives of a new Pestivirus species that is closely related to CSFV and can cause serious diagnostic problems in established CSFV serology. (cdc.gov)
  • Of these, 11 serum samples from 7 sheep herds gave positive or doubtful reactions in the CSFV antibody-specific ELISA (HerdChek, IDEXX) and were subjected to commonly used virus neutralization testing (VNT) ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Based on this, the identified epitopes represent a potential target for virus neutralization and might be involved in the early steps of CSFV infection. (bvsalud.org)
  • Alignment of amino acid sequences showed that the epitope was conserved in different subgroups of CSFV but not in other members of the Pestivirus genus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Classical swine fever (CSF) caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a highly contagious swine disease resulting in large economical losses worldwide. (bvsalud.org)
Respiratory disease5
  • BRDC or bovine respiratory disease complex is a respiratory system infection common in young weaning cattle that is caused by several factors such as bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most common diseases in intensively managed cattle, often resulting in high morbidity and mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study highlights the use of untargeted sequencing approaches to study the unrecognised range of microorganisms present in healthy or diseased animals and the need to study previously uncultured viral species that may have an important role in cattle respiratory disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While the severity of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) varies, it can account for up to 70% of the mortality observed in intensive beef production systems (i.e., feedlot cattle) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bovine respiratory disease has a complex aetiology that includes a combination of stressors, individual host factors and a varying number of pathogens. (biomedcentral.com)
Species5
  • There are 89 species in the family divided among four genera. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phylogenetic and antigenic tree displaying relatedness of pestiviruses Aydin/04 and Burdur/05 to other Pestivirus species. (cdc.gov)
  • Proteins found in any species of virus. (lookformedical.com)
  • The type species of ORTHOPOXVIRUS, related to COWPOX VIRUS , but whose true origin is unknown. (lookformedical.com)
  • Importantly, not only did these studies identify previously unrecognised viral species, but they also consistently observed an abundance of viruses not part of the regular veterinary diagnostic laboratory detection range, including influenza D virus (IDV), bovine rhinitis viruses A and B (BRAV and BRBV), parvoviruses and bovine herpesviruses other than bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1). (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins2
  • Proteins associated with the inner surface of the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope. (lookformedical.com)
  • These proteins have been implicated in control of viral transcription and may possibly serve as the "glue" that binds the nucleocapsid to the appropriate membrane site during viral budding from the host cell. (lookformedical.com)
Antibodies3
  • These tests are crucial in pregnant animals since doing an antibody test in new calves proves futile because of shielding (maternal antibodies ingested by the calf through colostrum will bind the virus and prevent its detection using antibody-based tests. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • Cattle herds struggling with BVD shed lesser virus for a short time if they have antibodies when acute infection occurs. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • Because all three viruses can infect swine and elicit cross-reactive antibodies, it is necessary to differentiate among them with regard to serological diagnosis of classical swine fever. (bvsalud.org)
Infect1
Pathogens1
  • While some viruses and bacteria have been widely studied and are known to be an important component of the respiratory complex, novel, emerging or unrecognised pathogens are not easily detected because they are not routinely considered in the differential diagnosis or laboratory diagnostic assays are not available. (biomedcentral.com)
Structural1
Cytoplasmic1
  • Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses. (lookformedical.com)
Losses1
  • From bovine viral diarrhea and mucosal disease to bloat, here are five common diseases in cattle that you must watch for in your new herd to ensure optimal animal health and eliminate production losses. (cowcaretaker.com)
Mucosal1
Swine2
  • Virus neutralization test (VNT) is widely used for serological survey of classical swine fever (CSF) and efficacy evaluation of CSF vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious viral disease of swine, including wild (feral) and domestic pigs [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Genetically1
  • The mechanism by which latent viruses, such as genetically transmitted tumor viruses ( PROVIRUSES ) or PROPHAGES of lysogenic bacteria, are induced to replicate and then released as infectious viruses. (lookformedical.com)
Envelope1
  • Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral envelope protein E to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
Transcription1
  • Positive-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. (wikipedia.org)
Cattle1
  • Molecular specificity of the antibody responses of cattle naturally and experimentally infected with cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus biotypes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Family2
  • Jingmenvirus is a group of unclassified viruses in the family which includes Alongshan virus, Guaico Culex virus, Jingmen tick virus and Mogiana tick virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily ALPHAHERPESVIRINAE, consisting of herpes simplex-like viruses. (lookformedical.com)
Infection3
  • An animal may get infected by bovine viral diarrhoea virus after birth or through fetal congenital infection before birth (usually in the first 100 days of the gestation period. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • Bovine viral diarrhoea is also called bovine pestivirus infection. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • The ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant within a cell (latent infection). (lookformedical.com)
Neutralization1
  • Virus neutralization test (VNT) is considered as the gold standard for serological monitoring and efficacy evaluation of CSF vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
Particles2
  • Virus particles are enveloped and spherical with icosahedral-like geometries that have pseudo T=3 symmetry. (wikipedia.org)
  • The expelling of virus particles from the body. (lookformedical.com)
Disease2
  • Bovine Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis or hardware disease isn't really a disease but an injury to the reticulum that occurs when an animal ingests nuts, bolts, nails, wire, needles, safety pins, staples, and even other sharp nonmetallic objects like glass. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • Virus shedding is an important means of vertical transmission (INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION, VERTICAL). (lookformedical.com)
Diseases caused1
Journal2
Immune2
  • A weakened immune system and stress also cause BRDC, which explains why it's also called "Shipping fever" because most animals catch this type of bovine pneumonia shortly after stressful transportation. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • These differences in the immune response were not readily apparent for the two other remaining subgroups which had received cytopathic or non-cytopathic biotypes alone following the second inoculation with non-cytopathic or cyto- pathic viruses, respectively. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Animals3
  • A carrier animal also spreads the virus to other animals through various excretions and secretions. (cowcaretaker.com)
  • In contrast, the antibody response in the subgroup of animals inoculated twice with homologous non-cytopathic virus was inversely correlated with the proliferative responses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Process of growing viruses in live animals, plants, or cultured cells. (lookformedical.com)
High1
Found1
  • Nuclear antigens encoded by VIRAL GENES found in HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4. (lookformedical.com)
Host cell1
Include2
  • These include Wenling shark virus. (wikipedia.org)
  • These include citrus Jingmen-like virus, soybean cyst nematode virus 5, Toxocara canis larva agent, Wuhan cricket virus, and possibly Gentian Kobu-sho-associated virus. (wikipedia.org)
Common1
  • To understand the mechanism of cross-reactivity, it is important to define common or specific epitopes of these viruses. (bvsalud.org)
Body1
  • Undetected, these could lead to diarrhea, loss of body weight and infected meat, but fortunately, most diseases aren't fatal for cows. (cowcaretaker.com)