Patients muscle relaxation curare. Medical search. Frequent questions

Clinically, neuromuscular drugs are used in anesthesia to cause paralysis of targeted skeletal muscles. (wikipedia.org)
How did our specialty advance from prescribing patients two shots of whiskey to administering safe modern anesthesia? (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
Lack of adequate anesthesia or muscle relaxation during ECT led to fractures and dislocations, and insufficient knowledge about the dose parameters of electrical stimulation led to more severe cognitive adverse effects. (medscape.com)
General anesthesia (GA) is the state produced when a patient receives medications for amnesia, analgesia, muscle paralysis, and sedation. (medscape.com)
Anesthesia enables a patient to tolerate surgical procedures that would otherwise inflict unbearable pain, potentiate extreme physiologic exacerbations, and result in unpleasant memories. (medscape.com)
With modern advances in medications, monitoring technology, and safety systems, as well as highly educated anesthesia providers, the risk caused by anesthesia to a patient undergoing routine surgery is very small. (medscape.com)
because abnormalities are abolished by curare but usually persist after general anesthesia. (msdmanuals.com)

Neuromuscular drugs are chemical agents that are used to alter the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles, causing effects such as temporary paralysis of targeted skeletal muscles. (wikipedia.org)
Aside from neuromuscular blocking agents, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors act on the neuromuscular junction to enhance neurotransmitter transmission in voluntary and involuntary muscles. (wikipedia.org)
The motor nerve fibres reach the muscle fibres at sites called motor end plates, which are located roughly in the middle of each muscle fibre and store vesicles of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (this meeting of nerve and muscle fibres is known as the neuromuscular junction ). (britannica.com)
Because this mechanism is relatively insensitive to drug action, the most important group of drugs that affect the neuromuscular junction act on (1) acetylcholine release, (2) acetylcholine receptors, or (3) the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (which normally inactivates acetylcholine to terminate muscle fibre contraction). (britannica.com)
Isaacs syndrome is an autoimmune peripheral nerve disorder that causes neuromuscular manifestations, including continuous muscle twitching (myokymia). (msdmanuals.com)
As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release. (drugcentral.org)

Most of the drugs that stimulate or inhibit smooth muscle contraction do so by regulating the concentration of intracellular calcium , which is involved in initiating the process of contraction. (britannica.com)
Other symptoms include fasciculations, carpopedal spasms, intermittent cramps, increased sweating, and pseudomyotonia (impaired relaxation after a strong muscle contraction but without the typical waxing-and-waning electromyography [EMG] abnormality of true myotonia). (msdmanuals.com)
This preparation is arranged so that you can make electrophysiological measurements from the nerve and the musle as well as mechanical measurements of the muscle contraction. (meganursingtutors.com)
This contraction is not blocked by nicotine blocking agents like curare. (meganursingtutors.com)
Activation of skeletal muscle occurs through a complex sequence of events, leading to contraction (shortening) or force generation. (meganursingtutors.com)
An essential step leading from excitation of skeletal muscle to contraction is the liberation of stored biochemical energy (from the high-energy phosphate of ATP) by the myosis ATPase (located on the crossbridge). (meganursingtutors.com)
Ca2+ stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum is released into the muscle cytoplasm where it causes sustained muscle contraction. (meganursingtutors.com)
When measured in terms of strength per square centimeter, the female muscle can achieve the same force of contraction as that of a male. (medscape.com)
Applying a shock to skeletal muscle causes contraction. (medscape.com)
Through contraction, muscle provides motion of the body (skeletal muscle), motion of blood (cardiac muscle), and motion of hollow organs such as the uterus, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and bladder (smooth muscle). (medscape.com)
A large amount of body heat is produced by metabolism and by muscle contraction. (medscape.com)
Muscle contraction during shivering warms the body. (medscape.com)
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) stores calcium, which is released into the sarcoplasm during muscle contraction. (medscape.com)
Extensibility - Ability to stretch without damageElasticity - Ability to return to original shape after extensionThrough contraction, muscle provides motion of the body (skeletal muscle), motion of blood (cardiac muscle), and motion of hollow organs such as the uterus, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and bladder (smooth muscle).Muscle tissue also helps maintain posture and produce heat. (bladeresearchinc.com)

The contractile mechanism of skeletal muscles entails the binding of acetylcholine to nicotinic receptors on the membranes of muscle fibres. (britannica.com)

Anasthesiologists Harold Griffith and Enid Johnson first documented the successful use of curare, in a clinical trial to facilitate muscle relaxation in a healthy patient undergoing appendicectomy in 1942. (wikipedia.org)
Anger control using biofeedback: A clinical model for heart patients, Biofeedback , 29 (4), 15-17. (flutopedia.com)

Prior to the use of curare, anesthesiologist required large doses of anesthetic such as chloroform to achieve similar paralyzing effects, hence increased the risk of life-threatening effects in elderly patients who had cardiac complications. (wikipedia.org)
In women, the values of muscle strength, pulmonary ventilation, and cardiac output (all variables related with muscle mass) are generally 60-75% of the exercise physiology values recorded in men. (medscape.com)
Electrical stimuli: Applying electrical stimuli between cardiac and smooth muscle cells causes the muscles to contract. (medscape.com)

Міастенія Гравіс Myasthenia gravis is characterized by episodic muscle weakness and easy fatigability caused by autoantibody- and cell-mediated destruction of acetylcholine receptors. (msdmanuals.com)
A patient came to his physician complaining of muscle weakness. (meganursingtutors.com)
List the loci along the complete motor pathway where some defect could result in muscle weakness. (meganursingtutors.com)
Create a concept map begining with Myasthenia gravis and terminating with muscle weakness and fatigue. (meganursingtutors.com)
Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) is an ion channelopathy of skeletal muscle characterized by attacks of muscle weakness associated with low serum K + . HypoPP results from a transient failure of muscle fiber excitability. (jci.org)

Safe and efficient anesthetic practices require certified personnel, appropriate medications and equipment, and an optimized patient. (medscape.com)

Oxybutynin should be used with caution in the frail elderly, patients with Parkinson's disease and children who are at greater risk of occurrence of adverse reactions to the product, and in patients with autonomic neuropathy (such as those with Parkinson's disease), severe gastro-intestinal motility disorders, hepatic or renal impairment. (medicinep.com)

This causes prolonged stimulation and desensitization of neuroreceptors, causing skeletal muscle relaxation effects such as paralysis. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations of Na V 1.4 give rise to a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders, with gain-of-function defects causing myotonia or hyperkalemic periodic paralysis. (jci.org)

[ 12 ] Succinylcholine, a depolarizing muscle relaxant, was introduced in 1951, and the first controlled study of unilateral ECT was conducted in 1958. (medscape.com)

Abnormal responses at any of these steps will alter muscle function and possibly whole body homeostasis. (meganursingtutors.com)

Anticholinergics should be used with caution in elderly patients due to the risk of cognitive impairment. (medicinep.com)

It is also applied to improve surgical operating conditions by aiding mechanical ventilation in patients with lowered lung compliance. (wikipedia.org)
For thousands of years most surgical procedures were accompanied by severe pain, and the only strategies available to decrease pain were to give patients alcohol or opium until they were stuporous. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)

Skeletal muscle consists of fibers (cells). (medscape.com)

Patients with bladder outflow obstruction where urinary retention may be precipitated. (medicinep.com)

Muscle tissue also helps maintain posture and produce heat. (medscape.com)

Patients with severe ulcerative colitis. (medicinep.com)

Smooth muscle , which is found primarily in the internal body organs and undergoes involuntary, often rhythmic contractions that are not dependent on outside nerve impulses, generally shows a broad sensitivity to drugs relative to striated muscle. (britannica.com)
Skeletal muscle contracts in response to electrical impulses that are conducted along motor nerve fibres originating in the brain or the spinal cord . (britannica.com)
these abnormalities include after-discharges on nerve conduction studies and, on needle EMG studies, fasciculation potentials, myokymic discharges, neuromyotonic discharges, fibrillation potentials, and cramp discharges, most prominent in distal limb muscles. (msdmanuals.com)
Repetitive voluntary activity was associated with normal action potential activity in the motor nerve, although the patient's muscles rapidy fatigue and muscle force declined. (meganursingtutors.com)
You are given an isolated muscle with its motor nerve intact. (meganursingtutors.com)
You observe that caffeine is added to the fluid bathing the preparation, the peak tension developed in the muscle twitch produced by stimulating the motor nerve is increased. (meganursingtutors.com)
High concentration of caffeine causes an isolated muscle to contract in the abscence of any activity in the motor nerve. (meganursingtutors.com)

Therefore, a dose of 2.5mg twice a day, particularly if the patient is frail, is likely to be adequate. (medicinep.com)

The sine qua non is myokymia-continuous muscle twitching described as bag-of-worms movements. (msdmanuals.com)

Drugs such as adrenoceptor agonists, muscarinic agonists, nitrates, and calcium channel blockers all affect smooth muscle. (britannica.com)
Laboratory testing should include tests for antibodies to contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2), the striational voltage-gated calcium channel, gliadin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), muscle acetylcholine receptor (AChR), and the voltage-gated potassium channel. (msdmanuals.com)
Verapamil hydrochloride is a calcium ion influx inhibitor (slow-channel blocker or calcium ion antagonist) that exerts its pharmacologic effects by modulating the influx of ionic calcium across the cell membrane of the arterial smooth muscle as well as in conductile and contractile myocardial cells. (nih.gov)

Since oxybutynin can cause narrow-angle glaucoma, patients should be advised to contact a physician immediately if they are aware of a sudden loss of visual acuity or ocular pain. (medicinep.com)

Gastrointestinal disorders: Anticholinergic medicinal products may decrease gastrointestinal motility and should be used with caution in patients with gastrointesti- nal obstructive disorders, intestinal atony and ulcerative colitis. (medicinep.com)
Out on PubMed, from authors in Singapore, is this study: Effect of early electroconvulsive therapy on length of stay in patients with bipolar, depressive and psychotic disorders. (blogspot.com)
This study aimed to evaluate the association between early ECT and LOS in three main groups of patients with bipolar, depressive and primary psychotic disorders. (blogspot.com)

Minor complications occur at predicable rates, even in previously healthy patients. (medscape.com)

The therapeutic effect of say, just 20 minutes of proper bodily relaxation is going to be worth more than several hours of bad sleep,' says Ayesha Nathoo from the University of Exeter, who is currently researching the history of relaxation therapies. (bbc.com)
Out on PubMed, from investigators in China, is this LTE: Inflammatory mediators and the effect of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with schizophrenia. (blogspot.com)

Short and well presented, with very interesting data about white cell decrease after ECT in patients with schizophrenia. (blogspot.com)

Hormones can also influence smooth muscle function. (britannica.com)
Among their most important sites of action are bronchial and uterine smooth muscle. (britannica.com)
Hormonal stimuli: Oxytocin stimulates smooth muscle in the uterus to contract during labor . (medscape.com)

Forty-four years earlier, in 1929, Jacobson had published a forbiddingly technical book called Progressive Relaxation, which detailed a procedure for removing muscular tension. (bbc.com)
Jacobson's book asks patients to tighten their muscles and then release them slowly, paying close attention to the sensations of tiny amounts of residual tension. (bbc.com)

[ 8 ] Approximately 100,000 patients annually receive ECT in the United States. (medscape.com)
On the other hand, in a 70 kg individual, skeletal muscle accounts for approximately 30 kg of body weight, and the heat generated by active skeletal muscle represents a major part of the heat load that must be dissapated by the body. (meganursingtutors.com)

[ 9 ] In 1938, Italian psychiatrist Lucio Bini and neurologist Ugo Cerletti performed the first electrical induction of a series of seizures in a catatonic patient and produced a successful treatment response. (medscape.com)

Electrical synapses are found in __________ and __________ muscle. (flashcardmachine.com)

Herbert Benson's 1975 blockbuster book The Relaxation Response catalogued a long list of modern ills, ranging from job insecurity to the rapid change in the role of women in society, to the ever-present fear of sudden nuclear annihilation. (bbc.com)

For excellent patient education resources, visit eMedicineHealth's Healthy Living Center . (medscape.com)

Dr. Long administered ether for the first time on March 30, 1842 , to remove a tumor from the neck of patient James Venable. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)

Neurotransmitters: Acetylcholine (ACh) stimulates skeletal muscle to contract. (medscape.com)

They also produce the muscle relaxation required for some abdominal procedures. (futura-sciences.us)

Malfunction of any one of these elements can affect muscle strength and coordination. (meganursingtutors.com)
Understanding the steps in this sequence helps to determine the locus of disturbances that affect muscle activation. (meganursingtutors.com)

These medicines act by blocking transmission of messages between nerves and muscles. (futura-sciences.us)

Patients (n=46 per group) will be randomly assigned for management with either a closure clip or RMAF. (bmj.com)

It then follows that the muscle must have a store of ATP and the ability to generate new, replacement ATP (whether by the normal process of oxidative phosphorylation or by anaerobic pathways). (meganursingtutors.com)

An anesthetized patient can be thought of as being in a controlled, reversible state of unconsciousness. (medscape.com)

About 25% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis have atlantoaxial instability, which is thought to be due to chronic inflammation. (crashingpatient.com)

Anatomy26

Organisms5

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs31

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment5

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Anesthesia7

Neuromuscular6

Contraction14

Skeletal muscles1

Clinical2

Cardiac3

Weakness5

Anesthetic1

Adverse1

Paralysis2

Succinylcholine1

Abnormal1

Cognitive1

Surgical2

Consists1

Bladder1

Tissue1

Severe1

Nerve7

Adequate1

Continuous1

Calcium3

Physician1

Disorders3

Complications1

Effect2

Decrease1

Smooth muscle3

Tension2

Approximately2

Successful1

Electrical1

Response1

Healthy1

Long1

Contract1

Produce1

Affect2

Transmission1

Group1

Store1

State1

Thought1