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Protein-Serine-Threonine KinasesPhosphoprotein PhosphatasesPhosphorylationMolecular Sequence DataThreonineAmino Acid SequenceProtein Phosphatase 2Protein KinasesCasein Kinase IISerineCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesProtein Phosphatase 1Okadaic AcidCloning, MolecularSubstrate SpecificityBase SequenceRecombinant ProteinsSignal TransductionSequence Homology, Amino AcidOxazolesEnzyme ActivationEthers, CyclicCell LineEnzyme InhibitorsProtein Kinase CProto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProtein BindingDNA, ComplementaryPhosphothreoninePhosphoproteinsp21-Activated KinasesPhosphoserineProtein-Tyrosine KinasesProtein Kinase InhibitorsCatalytic DomainProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktMAP Kinase Signaling SystemProto-Oncogene ProteinsGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3Cells, CulturedRNA, MessengerTumor Cells, CulturedTransfectionDown-RegulationMutationGene ExpressionDeath-Associated Protein KinasesMAP Kinase Kinase KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-rafAurora KinasesBinding SitesTyrosineSaccharomyces cerevisiaeActivin ReceptorsCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesAurora Kinase Asrc-Family KinasesMutagenesis, Site-DirectedProtein Structure, TertiaryReceptors, Transforming Growth Factor betaThreonine DehydrataseRibosomal Protein S6 KinasesRecombinant Fusion ProteinsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesKinetics3T3 CellsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinasesp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsIsoenzymesApoptosisSerine EndopeptidasesCell NucleusBlotting, WesternAurora Kinase CJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesPrecipitin TestsCDC2 Protein KinaseMicrocystinsCOS CellsHeLa Cellsrho-Associated KinasesCyclin-Dependent Kinase 5Sequence AlignmentMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3Casein KinasesImmunoprecipitationCyclin-Dependent KinasesTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicCell Cycle ProteinsModels, BiologicalMAP Kinase Kinase 1Cell Line, TumorActivin Receptors, Type ICatalysis3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein KinasesDNA-Binding Proteins
PhosphorylationPutativeResiduesSignal transductionRegulatesPhosphorylatesTransmembraneSuperfamilyMRNAHighly conservedRegulatorPhosphatasesMTORPathwaysEukaryoticHumansActivityEnzymeInhibitorsCONTAINS InterPro DOMAINChk1ChromosomeCaseinEncodesModel organismsReceptorsFunctionDownstreamCellularPhosphataseMammalianMoleculeEnzymesTestisPhosphoinositideResponsiveEvolutionarilyCytokinesisCompoundsInteractsIntracellularMAPKSequenceGenomicInvolved in the regulationHumanRegulationDegradation
Phosphorylation14
  • Phosphorylation is the most common post-translational modification on proteins, with approximately 80% occurring on serine, 20% on threonine, and 0.1 to 1% on tyrosine residues. (thermofisher.com)
  • The usual consequence of this unregulated state is reduced recovery of total protein and biologically meaningless representation of protein activities (i.e., phosphorylation status). (thermofisher.com)
  • 2019) 'Phosphorylation of AKT serine/threonine kinase and abundance of milk protein synthesis gene networks in mammary tissue in response to supply of methionine in periparturient Holstein cows', Journal of Dairy Science, 102(5), pp. 4264-4274. (bomiprot.org)
  • and positive regulation of protein phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
  • Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) belong to the CMGC kinase family and are closely related to dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs). (nature.com)
  • HIPKs belong to the CMGC group of serine/threonine kinases and are part of the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. (nature.com)
  • AKT proteins are recruited to the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) after phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) by PI3K. (senescence.info)
  • Subsequent phosphorylation of both threonine residue 308 and serine residue 473 is required for full activation of the AKT1 protein encoded by this gene. (senescence.info)
  • The reversible phosphorylation of proteins on serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues represents a fundamental strategy used by eukaryotic organisms to regulate a host of biological functions, including DNA replication, cell cycle progression, energy metabolism, and cell growth and differentiation. (rupress.org)
  • Levels of cellular protein phosphorylation are modulated both by protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
  • Protein phosphorylation can regulate enzyme function, mediate protein-protein interactions, alter subcellular localization, and control protein stability. (rupress.org)
  • To fully understand this complex and essential regulatory process, the kinases and phosphatases mediating the changes in cellular phosphorylation must be identified and characterized. (rupress.org)
  • Replacement of thr84 with gln reduced activation of PAK1 by an active form of the small G protein CDC42, suggesting that phosphorylation by OXSR1 modulates the G protein sensitivity of PAK. (ningbobio.com)
  • A group of enzymes that catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in proteins, with ATP or other nucleotides as phosphate donors. (lookformedical.com)
Putative1
  • A variety of approaches, including biochemical purification, gene isolation by homology, and genetic screens, have been successfully used for the identification of putative protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
Residues2
  • DYRKs are named after their characteristic dual-specificity, as they auto-phosphorylate a conserved tyrosine in their activation loop, but phosphorylate substrates on serine and threonine residues 2 . (nature.com)
  • Finally, the C-terminus of HIPK1-3 comprises a region rich in serine, glutamine, and alanine (SQA) residues, which is involved in the interaction with different co-factors 14 . (nature.com)
Signal transduction1
Regulates5
  • Mammalian STE20-like kinase MST4 regulates multiple cellular aspects such as cell polarity and proliferation. (rcsb.org)
  • MIR-1265 regulates cellular proliferation and apoptosis by targeting calcium binding protein 39 in gastric cancer and, thereby, impairing oncogenic autophagy. (nih.gov)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell polarity and energy metabolism and functions as a tumor suppressor. (nih.gov)
  • p38 MAP kinase is a key component of the signaling pathway that regulates the body's production of inflammatory mediators, including TNFα and IL-1 beta. (drugbank.com)
  • OXSR1 is a serine/threonine kinase which regulates downstream kinases in response to environmental stress such as osmotic stresses, notably sorbitol and, to a lesser extent, NaCl. (ningbobio.com)
Phosphorylates2
  • This protein is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates p53 at Ser15. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ser-9 in GSK3) catalyzed by either MAPKAP kinase-1/or p70S6K [11,12], whereas proteins kinase C phosphorylates and partly inhibits GSK3, however, not GSK3 [13]. (techblessing.com)
Transmembrane1
  • A corresponding class of transmembrane serine/threonine kinases has recently been discovered that act as cell surface receptors for ligands of the TGFβ superfamily. (biologists.com)
Superfamily3
  • Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. (string-db.org)
  • A major class of signalling proteins implicated in cell to cell communication is represented by members of the TGFβ superfamily. (biologists.com)
  • Rho GTPases are small (20-30 kDa) GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily. (biomedcentral.com)
MRNA2
  • Atta colombica serine/threonine-protein kinase greatwall (LOC108686882), mRNA. (genscript.com)
  • Intraperitoneal treatment with bs-AS-CK2 PTO reduced orthotopic tumor size and downregulated both CK2 mRNA and proteins expression. (researchreportone.com)
Highly conserved1
Regulator2
  • 2012) 'Serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25): a novel negative regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism in rodent and human skeletal muscle', Diabetologia, 55(6), pp. 1797-1807. (bomiprot.org)
  • A family of serine/threonine kinase Aurora constitutes a key regulator in the orchestration of mitotic events. (lookformedical.com)
Phosphatases7
  • Disruption of cellular and tissue architecture during protein extraction distorts the in vivo state by making all proteins potentially accessible for degradation or modification by endogenous proteases and phosphatases. (thermofisher.com)
  • Known phosphatases are specific for cleavage of either serine-threonine or tyrosine phosphate groups. (thermofisher.com)
  • Protein phosphatases act as negative regulators of AKT proteins by dephosphorylating AKT or PIP3. (senescence.info)
  • Although the importance of kinases in this process has long been recognized, an appreciation for the complex and fundamental role of phosphatases is more recent. (rupress.org)
  • Through extensive biochemical and genetic analysis, we now know that pathways are not simply switched on with kinases and off with phosphatases. (rupress.org)
  • Furthermore, kinases and phosphatases may work together to modulate the strength of a signal. (rupress.org)
  • Adding further complexity to this picture is the fact that both kinases and phosphatases can function in signaling networks where multiple kinases and phosphatases contribute to the outcome of a pathway. (rupress.org)
MTOR2
  • AKT proteins also participate in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway which controls the assembly of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F (eIF4E) complex and this pathway, in addition to responding to extracellular signals from growth factors and cytokines, is disregulated in many cancers. (senescence.info)
  • The mTORC1 complex, composed of the enzyme mTOR (a serine/threonine kinase) and regulatory proteins, is involved in the regulation of several cellular activities (protein synthesis, transcription of DNA into RNA, cell proliferation, growth, motility, and survival) in response to nutrient sensing. (observatoireprevention.org)
Pathways4
  • In whole cells, protease and phosphatase activities are tightly regulated by compartmentalization or inhibitors to prevent indiscriminate damage to cellular proteins and to maintain proper function of signaling pathways. (thermofisher.com)
  • Among them, the sirtuin, AMP-activated protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, p53, and insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathways are most widely studied. (frontiersin.org)
  • AKT/PI3K forms a key component of many signalling pathways that involve the binding of membrane-bound ligands such as receptor tyrosine kinases, G-protein coupled receptors, and integrin-linked kinase. (senescence.info)
  • In addition, they play important roles in gene transcription (via activation of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways and, in higher eukaryotes, the transcription factor NFκB), generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and cell-cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Eukaryotic1
  • 2002) 'Human members of the eukaryotic protein kinase family. (bomiprot.org)
Humans3
  • TP53-regulating kinase, also known as PRPK is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TP53RK gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The DYRK family has been characterized in organisms from yeast to humans and can be divided into five subfamilies, class I DYRKs, class II DYRKs, YAKs, HIPKs, and PRP4s 1 . (nature.com)
  • Some of these supplements extend the life of several living organisms (yeast, worms, flies) and laboratory animals (mice, rats), but there is no evidence in humans to this effect yet . (observatoireprevention.org)
Activity7
  • MO25 directly interacts with MST4 to promote its kinase activity. (rcsb.org)
  • The resulting unregulated proteolytic activity can reduce protein yield and function. (thermofisher.com)
  • Protease and phosphatase inhibitors can be added to the lysis reagents in order to prevent degradation of extracted proteins, and to obtain the best possible protein yield and activity following cell lysis. (thermofisher.com)
  • Enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity. (nih.gov)
  • Substrate-based kinase activity inference identifies MK2 as driver of colitis. (nih.gov)
  • KC706 is a novel anti-inflammatory drug that works by inhibiting the activity of p38 MAP kinase. (drugbank.com)
  • This activity is strongly conserved and probably represents a primordial function of these proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzyme5
  • In addition, although protective functions are well documented for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), paradoxically, disease-promoting effects have also been demonstrated for this enzyme. (mdpi.com)
  • However, sometimes in pharmacology, the term is also used to include other proteins that are drug-targets, such as enzymes, transporters and ion-channels.Serine protease, D- or L-serine arginine rich enzyme of serine threonine kinase with serine that is encoded by the codons UCU, UCC, UCA, UCG, AGU and AGC is an ɑ-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. (tgf-a.com)
  • The human form of the enzyme, Plk1, does not phosphorylate histone H1, enolase and phosvitin but it can phosphorylate myelin basic protein and microtubule-associated protein MAP-2, although to a lesser extent than casein. (cathdb.info)
  • The sensitivity of the enzyme can also be increased by PHORBOL ESTERS and it is believed that protein kinase C is the receptor protein of tumor-promoting phorbol esters. (lookformedical.com)
  • Adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) is an enzyme that functions as a central sensor of metabolic signals. (observatoireprevention.org)
Inhibitors5
  • Discovery of a Novel Class of Triazolones as Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitors--Hit to Lead Exploration. (rcsb.org)
  • Protease and phosphatase inhibitors are essential components of most cell lysis and protein extraction procedures. (thermofisher.com)
  • These inhibitors block or inactivate endogenous proteolytic and phospholytic enzymes that are released from subcellular compartments during cell lysis and would otherwise degrade proteins of interest and their activation states. (thermofisher.com)
  • Research experiments may necessitate the use of single inhibitors or customized mixtures, but most protein work is best served by using a suitable protease inhibitor cocktail . (thermofisher.com)
  • Nevertheless, these inhibitors aren't just inhibiting GSK3, but will also be influencing CDK kinase (2 and 5) and several other kinases. (techblessing.com)
CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN1
  • CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF. (riken.jp)
Chk11
  • Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1, CHEK1) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase that plays a key role in mediating the cellular response to DNA-damage. (rcsb.org)
Chromosome1
  • Aurora kinases are found in all organisms in which their function has been conserved throughout evolution, namely the control of chromosome segregation. (lookformedical.com)
Casein1
  • Casein kinase 1 (CK1) is a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that play essential regulatory functions in numerous cellular processes. (pasteur.fr)
Encodes3
Model organisms6
  • Model organisms have been used in the study of TP53RK function. (wikipedia.org)
  • RNAct: Protein-RNA interaction predictions for model organisms with supporting experimental data. (crg.eu)
  • A curated database of candidate human ageing-related genes and genes associated with longevity and/or ageing in model organisms. (senescence.info)
  • A curated database of genes associated with dietary restriction in model organisms either from genetic manipulation experiments or gene expression profiling. (senescence.info)
  • A curated database of compounds that modulate longevity in model organisms. (senescence.info)
  • Inhibition of this pathway extends lifespan in model organisms and confers protection against a growing list of age-related pathologies. (nih.gov)
Receptors1
  • The receptors are ligand binding factors of type 1, 2 or 3 and protein-molecules that receive chemical-signals from outside a cell. (tgf-a.com)
Function2
  • These mutations impaired MST4 kinase activation and function within the cell. (rcsb.org)
  • The analysis of Cdc42 and Rac function in evolutionarily distant organisms is useful as a tool to uncover the basic activities of these proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Downstream1
  • Although dozens of proteins act downstream of these GTPases, a comparison of effector proteins from evolutionarily diverse organisms suggests that six groups of proteins serve as the core machinery for signaling from Cdc42 and Rac. (biomedcentral.com)
Cellular3
  • Many of the cellular proteins are kept separate from proteolytic enzymes. (thermofisher.com)
  • These AKT proteins therefore regulate a wide variety of cellular functions including cell proliferation, survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis in both normal and malignant cells. (senescence.info)
  • OXSR1 interacts with chloride channel proteins SLC12A6 isoform 2, SLC12A1 and SLC12A2 but not with SLC12A4 and SLC12A7, possibly establishing sensor/signaling modules that initiate the cellular response to environmental stress. (ningbobio.com)
Phosphatase1
  • STP, serine/threonine protein phosphatase. (rupress.org)
Mammalian2
  • In mammalian cells, as many as twenty types of protein have been reported to bind to activated Cdc42 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mammalian aurora-A belongs to a multigenic family of mitotic serine/threonine kinases comprising two other members: aurora-B and aurora-C. In this review we will focus on aurora-A that starts to localize to centrosomes only in S phase as soon as centrioles have been duplicated, the protein is then degraded in early G1. (lookformedical.com)
Molecule1
  • In this sense, am olfactory receptor is a protein-molecule that recognizes and responds to endogenous-chemical signals, chemokinesor cytokines e.g. an acetylcholine-receptor recognizes and responds to its endogenous-ligand, acetylcholine. (tgf-a.com)
Enzymes1
  • All living organisms contain proteolytic enzymes (proteases and peptidases). (thermofisher.com)
Testis2
  • Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase required during spermatid development. (string-db.org)
  • In this report, we describe a testis zinc finger protein (Tzfp) that binds to the upstream flanking sequence of the Aie1 gene. (lookformedical.com)
Phosphoinositide1
Responsive1
Evolutionarily1
  • Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) are an evolutionarily conserved kinase family comprising the members HIPK1, HIPK2, and HIPK3 in vertebrates, and, additionally, HIPK4 in mammals. (nature.com)
Cytokinesis1
  • By regulating filamentous actin, Cdc42 and Rac exert a profound effect on cell shape, polarity, migration, cell:cell and cell:matrix adhesion, protein traffic, and cytokinesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Compounds1
  • Rather, a mixture or inhibitor cocktail of several different inhibitor compounds are used to ensure that protein extracts do not degrade before analysis for targets of interest. (thermofisher.com)
Interacts1
Intracellular1
  • this organism and is apparently a common system of virulence for most intracellular pathogens. (researchreportone.com)
MAPK2
  • Orthologous to human MAPKAPK2 (MAPK activated protein kinase 2). (nih.gov)
  • Proinflammatory Effect of Endothelial Microparticles Is Mitochondria Mediated and Modulated Through MAPKAPK2 (MAPK-Activated Protein Kinase 2) Leading to Attenuation of Cardiac Hypertrophy. (nih.gov)
Sequence3
  • These sequences represent the protein coding region of the LOC108686882 cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. (genscript.com)
  • GenScript guarantees 100% sequence accuracy of all synthetic DNA constructs we deliver, but we do not guarantee protein expression in your experimental system. (genscript.com)
  • Within the HIPK family, HIPK1 and HIPK2 are the most closely related members, sharing about 93% sequence identity in their kinase domains, while HIPK3 is slightly less conserved with 87% identity. (nature.com)
Genomic1
  • Now, the genomic sequencing of organisms promises to be a major contributor to this field. (rupress.org)
Involved in the regulation1
  • An aurora kinase that is a component of the chromosomal passenger protein complex and is involved in the regulation of MITOSIS. (lookformedical.com)
Human1
  • Homologues of GSK3 isoforms from varieties as faraway from one another as flies, zebrafishes and human beings screen over 90% series similarity inside the kinase domain name [7,8]. (techblessing.com)
Regulation1
  • An aurora kinase that localizes to the CENTROSOME during MITOSIS and is involved in centrosome regulation and formation of the MITOTIC SPINDLE. (lookformedical.com)
Degradation2
  • Protein degradation during cell lysis. (thermofisher.com)
  • C-terminally adjacent to the HID follows a proline, glutamate, serine, and threonine (PEST)-rich domain, mediating proteasomal degradation of these kinases. (nature.com)