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Paranasal SinusesParanasal Sinus DiseasesParanasal Sinus NeoplasmsEthmoid SinusEthmoid BoneEthmoid SinusitisFrontal SinusMaxillary SinusSinusitisOrbital DiseasesNose NeoplasmsNasal CavityOrbital NeoplasmsSphenoid SinusMucoceleOrbitTurbinatesOsteomaNasal SeptumNasal PolypsMaxillary Sinus NeoplasmsExophthalmosTomography, X-Ray ComputedOrbital FracturesOtorhinolaryngologic Surgical ProceduresRhinitisFrontal SinusitisEndoscopySphenoid SinusitisMaxillary SinusitisSkullRhinometry, AcousticOrbital PseudotumorNose DiseasesNasal ObstructionEpistaxisNose Deformities, AcquiredEsthesioneuroblastoma, OlfactoryCranial SinusesAnatomyCranial Fossa, MiddleNasal MucosaSkull BaseCavernous SinusTampons, SurgicalMaxillary FracturesKartagener SyndromeOrbital CellulitisSinus of ValsalvaSkull Base NeoplasmsPapilloma, InvertedLevocardiaNoseNasal SpraysCarotid SinusWoodSphenoid BoneMucormycosisMagnetic Resonance ImagingCoronary SinusPanophthalmitisGraves OphthalmopathySinus Thrombosis, IntracranialSkull NeoplasmsChronic DiseaseAspergillosisSick Sinus SyndromePongo pygmaeusExhalationFatal OutcomeEye, ArtificialRetrospective Studies
BoneTumorsSuperior orbitalSphenoid sinusOrbitComputed TomographyComplicationsMucosaOrbitsEndoscopic sinusAnteriorCoronalCavernous sinus throBonyPosteriorCavityMaxillary and sphenoid sinusesRhinosinusitisInflammationSinusitis of the ethmoidLateralAnatomyCommonlySphenoidalFractureLamina papyraceaOstiumInfectionsUncinate processPreseptal and Orbital CellulitisDrainageVOMERCavitiesMaxillaInfectionNose and sinusesAbscessSymptomsCribriform plateOstiaSurgicalScanEthmoidal sinusesMucocelesSurgeryMucormycosisEdemaNasal endoscopyBonesZygomaticBacterialBilateralOccursMiddle meatusMedial wallMucous membranesChronicPeriorbital
Bone28
  • The anterior rim of the bony orbit, the orbital rim, is formed by orbital processes from the maxilla, zygoma, and frontal bone. (medscape.com)
  • If related visual symptoms or other acute orbital compression symptoms are present, lateral canthotomy or cantholysis, orbital decompression by needle aspiration, and bone decompression may be required to relieve orbital pressure and preserve vision. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because orbital cellulitis originates from large adjacent foci of fulminant infection (eg, sinusitis) separated by only a thin bone barrier, orbital infection can be extensive and severe. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Note central gap where the ethmoid bone is normally located in roof of nose. (pdfslide.us)
  • In pre-surgical assessment, computed tomography scan (CT) becomes indispensable 15, since it is ideal to delimit the delicate infundibulum-bone complex, bone structure of orbital lamina, orbital floor, cribiform lamina and the anatomical variations 16. (bjorl.org)
  • The frontal bone houses the supraorbital foramina, which, along with the frontal sinuses, form 2 important surgical landmarks during approaches involving the anterior skull base. (medscape.com)
  • This portion of the skull base consists of the orbital portion of the frontal bone. (medscape.com)
  • The ethmoid bone forms the central part of the floor, which is the deepest area of the anterior cranial fossa. (medscape.com)
  • The cribriform plate may be more than 1 cm lower than the roof of the ethmoid cavity (fovea ethmoidalis), and it is made of extremely thin bone compared with the relatively thick bone of the lateral fovea ethmoidalis. (medscape.com)
  • The numerous (6-12) small thin-walled spaces or air cells in the ETHMOID BONE located between the eyes. (lookformedical.com)
  • Trauma to the zygoma may result in impaction of the whole bone into the maxillary antrum with fracture to the orbital floor and lateral wall of the maxillary antrum. (radiologymasterclass.co.uk)
  • The displaced zygoma is detached from the maxillary bone, the inferior orbital rim, the frontal bone at the zygomatico-frontal suture, and from the zygomatic arch. (radiologymasterclass.co.uk)
  • Coronal-view maxillofacial CT image without contrast showing expansive hyperdense material filling the paranasal sinuses, as well as erosion of bone walls. (consultant360.com)
  • The subsequent true cranial view is obtained and revealed the aforementioned air collection is transported to the parietal region (Figure 2), and bone window reformatting shows a well-defined macro-lobulated bony projection is seen extending from the anterior ethmoidal sinus projecting intracranially (Figure 3). (peertechzpublications.org)
  • Coronal images displayed on the bone window show a well-defined macro lobulated bony lesion is seen projecting intracranially from the anterior ethmoidal sinuses. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • Osteomas are benign, slow-growing bone tumors, most commonly affecting the frontal and the ethmoidal sinuses, although the maxillary and sphenoid sinuses may also be involved. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • Unites with frontal bone to form lateral orbital margin b. (slideshare.net)
  • 6 Cranial and facial Bones  Inferior nasal concha: surrounded anteriorly by maxillary bone  Lacrimal bone: visible between maxilla anteriorly and ethmoid posteriorly  Palatine bone 1. (slideshare.net)
  • 7 Cranial and facial Bones  Ethmoid bone 1. (slideshare.net)
  • The medial wall, or nasal septum, is formed (from anteiror to posterior) by (1) the septal cartilage (destroyed in a dried skull), (2) the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and (3) the vomer (fig. 52-2 B). It is usually deviated to one side. (dartmouth.edu)
  • the others are portions of the ethmoid bone. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Anatomic configurations that predispose the optic nerve to injury include type 2 (nerve course adjacent to the sphenoid sinus causing an indentation of the sinus wall, without contacting any posterior ethmoid cell) or type 3 (nerves course through the sphenoid sinus), bone dehiscence over the optic nerve, and anterior clinoid process pneumatization (ACPP) with and without ipsilateral optic nerve protrusion. (openaccesspub.org)
  • 3 Cone beam imaging is indicated for implant therapy to assess alveolar bone volume and density, and also evaluate the proximity of the implant site to important anatomic structures, such as the maxillary sinuses, incisive canal, inferior alveolar canal and mental foramen. (decisionsindentistry.com)
  • These recesses extend centrifugally (i.e., inferomedially) into the hard palate, laterally into zygomatic bone, posteriorly into the ethmoid bone, and inferiorly up to the alveolar processes that lodge the maxillary teeth. (decisionsindentistry.com)
  • Sinuses have a variety of medical definitions that include cavities or hollow spaces in bone or tissue, dilation or widening in blood vessels, or a fistula or tract that turns into a cavity. (homage.sg)
  • articulate with the maxilla, ethmoid, and frontal bone and with the inferior nasal concha. (biologydictionary.net)
  • The above facial bone diagram does not include the ethmoid and sphenoid bones. (biologydictionary.net)
  • Sphenoid wing (SW) en plaque meningioma (ePM) is a subgroup of meningiomas defined by its specific character presenting with a rather thin sheath of soft tumor tissue accompanied by disproportionate and extensive bone hyperostosis. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Tumors11
  • It is important to bear in mind that other nasal fossa and paranasal sinuses tumors can be macroscopically similar to SNP, even though they are rarely bilateral. (bjorl.org)
  • Many studies referred to CT scan abnormalities found in inflammatory processes (acute or chronic) and tumors in nasal fossa and paranasal sinuses. (bjorl.org)
  • It's my pleasure to be with you today and to discuss with you some advanced cases of tumors within the paranasal sinuses. (brainlab.com)
  • A complete sinus CT scan with frontal and coronal planes is used if an alternative diagnosis (eg, tumors) must be excluded. (medscape.com)
  • Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES . (lookformedical.com)
  • Tumors or cancer of the MAXILLARY SINUS . (lookformedical.com)
  • Osteomas of the paranasal sinuses are benign, often asymptomatic, tumors that progress very slowly. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • A variety of tumors affect the nasal and sinus cavities across all age groups. (susheenduttent.com)
  • ESS is also used to treat select cases of sinonasal tumors , leakage of brain fluid into the nose (See Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ), and eye conditions (See Orbital Decompression and Optic Nerve Decompression). (sinushealth.com)
  • These tumors may arise from any location where meninges exist (eg, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, middle ear, mediastinum). (medscape.com)
  • Another rare group of meningiomas consists of tumors that arise from ectopic arachnoid cells within the orbital cavity, either in the muscle cone or in the walls of the orbit. (medscape.com)
Superior orbital6
  • The orbit is a conical structure, with its base facing anterolaterally and its apex originating medially as the inlet of all vital neural and vascular structures via the optic foramen, superior orbital fissure, and inferior orbital fissure. (medscape.com)
  • Orbital apex fractures are important to identify because of their association with damage to the neurovascular structures of the superior orbital fissure and optic canal (including traumatic optic neuropathy ). (medscape.com)
  • cranial fossa A. Superior orbital fissure B. Infraorbital fissure C. Carotid sulcus D. Optic canal E. Foramen ovale My answer: B6. (ioeinternet.com)
  • Ethmoid sinusitis can spread outside of the borders of the sinus and cause an orbital cellulitis, orbital subperiosteal abscess, orbital abscess, superior orbital fissure syndrome, or cavernous sinus thrombosis. (medscape.com)
  • The posterior aspect includes the optic canal, the superior orbital fissure (SOF), and the inferior orbital fissure (IOF). (medscape.com)
  • Multiple erosions were also noted involving the medial orbital wall, the roof and medial wall of the right anterior clinoid process, the bilateral optic nerve canals, the right superior orbital fissure, and the bilateral foramen rotundum, carotid canals, and Vidian nerve canals ( Figure 2 ). (consultant360.com)
Sphenoid sinus5
Orbit13
  • Orbital emphysema (/ˈɔː(r)bɪt(ə)l ˌemfɪˈsiːmə/, also known as pneumo-orbit) is a medical condition that refers to the trapping of air within the loose subcutaneous around the orbit that is generally characterized by sudden onset swelling and bruising at the impacted eye, with or without deterioration of vision, which the severity depends on the density of air trapped under the orbital soft tissue spaces. (wikipedia.org)
  • Orbital emphysema occurs following forceful injection of air into the soft tissues of the orbit through a breach in one of the orbital walls which is typically associated with orbital fracture after blunt trauma, or less frequently with compressed air injuries, tumours and infections of the sinonasal region or complications after surgery. (wikipedia.org)
  • Results EEA to the orbit provides excellent access to the medial and inferior orbital regions. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Conclusion EEA to the orbit is challenging, in particular for trainees unfamiliar with nasal and paranasal sinus anatomy. (thieme-connect.com)
  • CT of the orbits with and without contrast shows a hyperdense area near the medial aspect of the left orbit consistent with orbital tissue entering the left ethmoid paranasal sinus (Figure). (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] Medially, the ethmoid sinus is demarcated by the lamina papyracea, which forms the medial wall of the orbit and the lateral nasal wall. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we present a 79-year-old elderly man, diabetic, who presented to our department with ophthalmoplegia along with contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of nose and paranasal sinuses did in another hospital showing suspected mass lesion in bilateral sphenoid sinuses with the expansion of the sinus wall and erosion of the posteromedial wall of the right orbit. (aijcr.com)
  • The nasal cavity is related to the anterior and middle cranial fossae, orbit, and paranasal sinuses and is separated from the oral cavity by the hard palate. (dartmouth.edu)
  • A less recognized developmental anatomic variant of the maxillary sinus, EMSP is a rare condition in which the largest horizontal and/​or vertical dimension of the maxillary sinus equals or exceeds 90% of the corresponding diameter of the orbit. (decisionsindentistry.com)
  • Endoscopic transnasal removal of bullet and foreign body from the paranasal sinuses and orbit has been reported in the literature. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Rhino-orbital-cerebral-mucormycosis (ROCM), previously referred to as orbital zygomycosis, refers to the presentation of pathologic symptoms in the orbit as a result of fungal infections caused by fungi in the order Mucorales, most commonly by the species Rhizopus oryzae. (eyewiki.org)
  • Once inhaled, they initially proliferate in the sinuses and can find their way to the orbit either through direct invasion or via the nasolacrimal duct. (eyewiki.org)
  • In children, the more common locations of meningiomas include the orbit, the temporal region, the foramen magnum, the tentorial region, the subfrontal base, the sellar region, and the ethmoidal air sinus. (medscape.com)
Computed Tomography5
  • Routine computed tomography of the sinuses before starting or switching TNFα antagonists may deserve consideration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Key words: respiratory diseases, sinonasal polyposis, paranasal computed tomography. (bjorl.org)
  • Beyond anterior rhinoscophy and nasal endoscopy, screening sinus computed tomography (SSCT) is necessary to measure the size and the extent of the polyps into nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. (bjorl.org)
  • Upon arrival to the ED, the patient's MRI scans were reviewed, and a computed tomography (CT) scan of her orbits was obtained, the results of which showed mass effect in the right sphenoethmoidal sinus complex and right clinoid process, both of which were expanded with hyperdense material ( Figures 1 and 2 ). (consultant360.com)
  • This retrospective monocentric study included 17 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery evaluated by paranasal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. (actaitalica.it)
Complications14
  • Orbital complications occurred in 95 patients and included 51 cases of cellulitis and 44 abscesses. (news-medical.net)
  • Eighteen intracranial complications occurred in 14 patients and included seven epidural empyemas, six subdural empyemas, two intracerebral abscesses, two cases of meningitis, and one cavernous sinus thrombosis. (news-medical.net)
  • The mean age of patients with intracranial complications (6.5) was significantly less than patients with orbital complications (12.3). (news-medical.net)
  • the ethmoid sinuses present at birth and are more commonly associated with orbital complications and the frontal sinuses develop later in childhood and are associated with intracranial complications. (news-medical.net)
  • Orbital injury and complications are commonly encountered in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) despite advances in techniques and instrumentation. (scirp.org)
  • For the recent 10 years, we summarized the experience of the rhinology unit of our department regarding orbital injury and complications of ESS for sinonasal inflammatory disorders. (scirp.org)
  • Orbital injury and complications were observed in 13 patients (13 sides), which corresponded to 0.7% of the operated sides and 1.2% of the patients. (scirp.org)
  • Meticulous preoperative and perioperative planning is critical to prevent orbital complications. (scirp.org)
  • Especially, exposure of the periorbit and herniation of orbital fat after lamina injury with powered instrumentation dramatically increases the potential for more severe complications. (scirp.org)
  • For the 10 years from 2003 to 2012, we summarized the experience of the rhinology unit of our department regarding orbital injury and complications of ESS for sinonasal inflammatory disorders. (scirp.org)
  • These complications include meningitis, thrombophlebitis of the superior sagittal sinus, and abscess formation. (medscape.com)
  • However, due to the peculiar anatomic relationships, patients having an osteoma within the frontal, ethmoidal sinus can be exposed to serious orbital and intracranial complications [3]. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • Blindness resulting from orbital complications of sinusitis. (aijcr.com)
  • Aggarwal, Sushil Frontal sinus mucocele with orbital complications: Management by varied surgical approaches. (ghise-ioan.ro)
Mucosa4
Orbits3
  • When clinical suspicion of orbital fracture persists but the plain radiographic findings are equivocal or unremarkable, CT scan study is required for a more definitive assessment of the orbits. (medscape.com)
  • The most important anatomic structures below the anterior cranial fossa are the orbits and the paranasal sinuses. (medscape.com)
  • The infection results from rapid spread of fungi from the paranasal sinuses to the adjacent orbits and central nervous system with hyphal invasion of blood vessels, vasculitis with thrombosis, haemorrhage, tissue infarction and acute neutrophilic infiltrates with a necrotising pathological reaction 5 . (actaitalica.it)
Endoscopic sinus14
  • Two months ago, she underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) involving the paranasal sinuses, during which her surgeon noted seeing orbital fat. (medscape.com)
  • A retrospective study by Crovetto-Martínez et al indicated that odontogenic maxillary sinusitis frequently spreads to the anterior ethmoid sinus but that such involvement does not reduce the success of functional endoscopic sinus surgery. (medscape.com)
  • The study included 55 patients with odontogenic sinusitis who were treated with functional endoscopic sinus surgery, with the sinusitis extending to the anterior ethmoid sinus in 52.7% of cases. (medscape.com)
  • Endoscopic sinus surgery has substantially increased the chance of returning the patient to full activities. (medscape.com)
  • The patient underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and fungal debris was removed from the sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses on both sides. (aijcr.com)
  • He has done a fellowship in Advanced Endoscopic Sinus Surgery from a world renowned nasal Endoscopic Surgical Centre in Trichy, Tamilnadu. (susheenduttent.com)
  • Today, endoscopic sinus surgery is typically done with minimal nasal packing, little pain, and short recovery times. (sinushealth.com)
  • Why Is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) Performed? (sinushealth.com)
  • What Treatments Should Be Tried Before Endoscopic Sinus Surgery? (sinushealth.com)
  • What Are The Benefits of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery? (sinushealth.com)
  • When medicines fail, endoscopic sinus surgery may be helpful. (sinushealth.com)
  • Does Anything Need To Be Done In Preparation For My Endoscopic Sinus Surgery? (sinushealth.com)
  • Endoscopic sinus surgery may be done under local or general anesthesia. (sinushealth.com)
  • This single-centre retrospective study included 17 patients affected by IFRS who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) at the ENT Department in San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Turin, Italy between January 2016 and January 2020. (actaitalica.it)
Anterior11
  • Preseptal cellulitis (periorbital cellulitis) is infection of the eyelid and surrounding skin anterior to the orbital septum. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [ 3 ] The sinuses are paired and are divided into anterior and posterior ethmoidal air cells. (medscape.com)
  • The sinus widens from anterior to posterior, expanding from 0.5 cm anteriorly to 1.5 cm posteriorly. (medscape.com)
  • The investigators determined that 92.3% of the patients with odontogenic sinusitis alone were cured by surgery (middle meatal antrostomy), compared with 96.5% of those with anterior ethmoid sinus involvement (middle meatal antrostomy plus anterior ethmoidectomy). (medscape.com)
  • Surrounding the nasal cavities are air-containing mucosal lined sinuses, which include the frontal sinuses (superior anterior), ethmoid sinuses (superior), paired maxillary sinuses (lateral), and sphenoid sinuses (posterior). (nih.gov)
  • The anterior limit of the anterior skull base is the posterior wall of the frontal sinus. (medscape.com)
  • The lateral portion of the IOF is an important surgical landmark for positioning lateral orbital osteotomies during anterior skull base resections. (medscape.com)
  • Most anterior ethmoidal cells open on an elevation (ethmoidal bulla, fig. 52-3 B). A curved slit (hiatus semilunaris) inferior to the bulla receives the opening of the maxillary sinus. (dartmouth.edu)
  • The frontal sinus and some anterior ethmoidal cells open either into an extension (ethmoidal infundibulum) of the hiatus or directly into the anterior part (frontal recess) of the middle meatus. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Magnetic resonance images (MRI) revealed no intra-orbital pathologies or optic neuropathy but demonstrated a clearly delineated air-filled space of the left anterior clinoid process (ACP). (openaccesspub.org)
  • Pneumatization occurs when a paranasal sinus, often the sphenoid or ethmoid sinus, extends into the anterior clinoid process via the inferior or anterior root otherwise known as the optic strut. (openaccesspub.org)
Coronal3
  • Thin-section coronal images provide an excellent depiction of all orbital walls, especially the floor and roof. (medscape.com)
  • C, D) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of coronal section of paranasal sinus and brain of 51-year-old female patient. (cdc.gov)
  • Coronal sinus CT is the imaging study of choice in the evaluation of patients with sinusitis. (drkennypang.com)
Cavernous sinus thro3
Bony4
  • They can weaken sinuses, bony structure, induce deep orbital tissue damages, or globe perforation that cause air leakage into the periorbital soft tissues and superiorly into the supraorbital fat. (wikipedia.org)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is similar to CT scanning in predicting involved sinuses, but it does not provide bony detail. (medscape.com)
  • The CT scan is done to delineate sinus anatomy, disease extent (which sinuses to operate on) and anatomical variants/bony landmarks. (drkennypang.com)
  • 2) bulging of lamina papyracea and (3) bony attenuation of ethmoid trabeculae. (bjorl.org)
Posterior4
  • Orbital cellulitis is infection of the orbital tissues posterior to the orbital septum. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The posterior wall is thin and adjacent to the superior sagittal sinus and frontal lobe dura. (medscape.com)
  • The spheno-ethmoidal recess, above and posterior to the superior concha, receives the opening of the sphenoidal sinus. (dartmouth.edu)
  • 8 In dentistry, the paired maxillary sinuses are evaluated with CBCT as part of implant imaging protocol, particularly when implants are planned in the region of missing maxillary posterior teeth. (decisionsindentistry.com)
Cavity22
  • Aspergilloma, also called fungus ball, is a clump of fungus growing in a cavity, in the lung or a sinus, often a maxillary sinus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several bones that help form the walls of the nasal cavity have air-containing spaces called the paranasal sinuses, which serve to warm and humidify incoming air. (usk.ac.id)
  • The nasal cavity also functions to facilitate drainage for the secretions from the adjacent paranasal sinuses. (nih.gov)
  • Air containing mucosal lined sinuses surround the nasal cavity, which includes the frontal, paired maxillary, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinuses. (nih.gov)
  • The secretions from these sinuses drain into the nasal cavity via the thin-walled ostia. (nih.gov)
  • Like the nasal cavity, the wall lining of the sinuses also secretes mucus. (nih.gov)
  • All of these paranasal sinuses, except the sphenoid, communicate with the nasal cavity via ducts that drain through ostia, which empty into spaces located on the lateral wall. (nih.gov)
  • Barosinusitis is characterized by inflammation of one or more of the paranasal sinuses, with inflammation being caused by a pressure gradient, almost always negative, between the sinus cavity and the surrounding ambient environment. (medscape.com)
  • As the individual transitions to higher altitude, the ambient pressure surrounding the sinus cavity decreases, and the air in the sinuses expands and equalizes through the natural ostium. (medscape.com)
  • Upon descent, ambient air pressure increases, the air in the sinuses contracts, and air moves into the sinus cavity, preventing a pressure gradient from developing. (medscape.com)
  • Again, as the individual moves up in altitude, the ambient pressure decreases, and volume in the sinus cavity increases. (medscape.com)
  • Pressure cannot equalize across the nasal cavity to the sinus because of blockage at the ostium. (medscape.com)
  • Air volume decreases in the sinus cavity, creating a negative pressure. (medscape.com)
  • There are 4 sets of paranasal sinuses that all drain into the nasal cavity. (pdfslide.us)
  • The fovea ethmoidalis, or the roof of the ethmoid cavity, continues laterally from the cribriform plate. (medscape.com)
  • The foramen cecum sits between the frontal crest and the prominent crista galli and is a site of communication between the draining veins of the nasal cavity and the superior sagittal sinus. (medscape.com)
  • The term includes the external nose , the nasal cavity , and the PARANASAL SINUSES . (lookformedical.com)
  • Each maxillary sinus communicates with the middle passage (meatus) of the NASAL CAVITY on the same side. (lookformedical.com)
  • In addition to the nostrils and choanae, the nasal cavity presents openings for the paranasal sinuses and the nasolacrimal duct. (dartmouth.edu)
  • The roof of the nasal cavity is formed by nasal cartilages and several bones, chiefly the nasal and frontal bones, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid (fig. 52-1 ), and the body of the sphenoid. (dartmouth.edu)
  • Respiratory mucus traps foreign material and moves it out of the sinuses and nasal cavity toward the nasopharynx 6. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Firstly, the facial bones protect the soft tissues that lie underneath, such as the mucous membranes and sensory cells of the nasal cavity, the oral cavity, the eyes, and - if the ethmoid is included - the pituitary gland of the brain. (biologydictionary.net)
Maxillary and sphenoid sinuses1
  • Mucoceles mostly develop laryngeal papillomatosis newborn the frontal sinus and less commonly in the ethmoid cell system or in the maxillary and sphenoid sinuses. (ghise-ioan.ro)
Rhinosinusitis4
  • The retained discharge in the paranasal sinuses secondary to rhinosinusitis that follows the disease hinders SNP staging. (bjorl.org)
  • Sinusitis , also known as rhinosinusitis , is inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the sinuses resulting in symptoms. (mdwiki.org)
  • The most common reason for doing sinus surgery is "chronic rhinosinusitis"/ "chronic sinusitis" (See Adult Sinusitis ). (sinushealth.com)
  • Chronic rhinosinusitis is a general term for inflammation (swelling) of the nose and sinuses. (sinushealth.com)
Inflammation8
  • Sinusitis Sinusitis is inflammation of the paranasal sinuses due to viral, bacterial, or fungal infections or allergic reactions. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sinusitis is the inflammation/infection of 1 or more paranasal sinuses and occurs when there is obstruction of the normal sinus drainage mechanism. (drkennypang.com)
  • Sinusitis is characterized by inflammation of the lining of the paranasal sinuses. (medscape.com)
  • Furthermore, on CT scans, orbital cellulitis would present with evidence of inflammation rather than a hyperdense mass in the nasal sinuses. (consultant360.com)
  • Even if it has been shown that inflammation can stimulate osteoblastic activity, sinus inflammation usually follows ostium obstruction. (peertechzpublications.org)
  • If a sinus infection or inflammation lasts beyond four weeks and becomes a more chronic illness, treatments may change. (sinushealth.com)
  • Many patients have additional causes of inflammation of the sinus lining. (sinushealth.com)
  • Patients with additional sources of inflammation also usually improve with sinus surgery. (sinushealth.com)
Sinusitis of the ethmoid2
Lateral4
  • [ 5 , 6 ] The infundibulum of the ethmoid represents a cleft that is demarcated by the uncinate process on its medial side and the lamina papyracea on its lateral side. (medscape.com)
  • The lateral walls are spiral shaped mucosal folds that overlie the turbinates and sinus ducts draining into the ostia. (nih.gov)
  • The lateral wall is uneven and complicated and is formed by several bones: nasal, maxilla, lacrimal and ethmoid, inferior nasal concha, perpendicular plate of palatine, and medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid (fig. 52-2 A). The lateral wall presents three or four medial projections termed nasal conchae, which overlie passages (meatuses). (dartmouth.edu)
  • Lateral orbitotomy approach for removing hyperostosing en plaque sphenoid wing meningiomas. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Anatomy2
  • The anatomy of the sinuses and the ostia were also better visualized with the endoscope, and the relationships between the intranasal and paranasal structures were better understood. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with blockage of their sinuses due to their sinus anatomy do well with sinus surgery. (sinushealth.com)
Commonly6
  • It is most commonly result from forceful sneezing, nose blowing, or coughing among patients with a history of periorbital trauma or orbital fractures that happened several hours-days in advance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Less commonly, orbital cellulitis is caused by direct infection accompanying local trauma (eg, insect or animal bite, penetrating eyelid injuries) or contiguous spread of infection from the face or teeth or by hematogenous spread. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mucormycosis commonly begins after the paranasal inhalation of spores and the formation of coenocytic hyphae that can spread. (eyewiki.org)
  • Osteomas may affect any part of the skeleton, but they are most commonly present in the jaws and paranasal sinuses 4 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Out of the many types of sinuses, what's commonly recognised and understood by the word sinuses , are actually the paranasal sinuses. (homage.sg)
  • Chronic IFRS is an indolent infection with a slow destructive process that most commonly affects the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses, but may involve any paranasal sinus 6 , 7 . (actaitalica.it)
Sphenoidal1
  • Sphenoidal sinusitis refers to when your sphenoidal sinuses, located on the front of your nose bridge, next to the ethmoid sinuses, are inflamed. (homage.sg)
Fracture3
  • In cases with minimal or no facial fracture symptoms, or when the patient is unable to undergo an ophthalmologic examination, orbital fractures can go undetected. (medscape.com)
  • Orbital emphysema develops after an orbital fracture in a three-step process. (wikipedia.org)
  • After the fracture has occurred on one of the orbital walls, a sino-orbital communication is established. (wikipedia.org)
Lamina papyracea2
  • Eight patients showed herniation of orbital fat alone through the injury of the lamina papyracea. (scirp.org)
  • Eight patients showed herniation of orbital fat alone through the injury of the lamina papyracea, where the presence of fat in the surgical field was confirmed by gentle ballottement of the eye ( Figure 1 ). (scirp.org)
Ostium2
  • Extended ESS implies the elimination of polyps using a microdebrider, resection of the lower half of both the superior and middle turbinates, and maximal enlargement of each paranasal sinus ostium. (scirp.org)
  • In an upper respiratory infection (URI), the swollen nasal mucous membrane obstructs the ostium of a paranasal sinus, and the oxygen in the sinus is absorbed into the blood vessels of the mucous membrane. (merckmanuals.com)
Infections9
  • For chronic, medical therapy is often considered an adjunct to surgical treatment and is directed toward controlling predisposing factors, treating concomitant infections, reducing edema of sinus tissues, and facilitating the drainage of sinus secretions. (drkennypang.com)
  • Sinus infections can also cause middle-ear problems due to the congestion of the nasal passages. (mdwiki.org)
  • Serious infections in the brain or eye might also be a reason for sinus surgery. (sinushealth.com)
  • For sinus infections, antibiotics are the main treatment. (sinushealth.com)
  • Sinusitis, skin infections, bacterial septicemia, orbital/paranasal surgery, and other conditions can contribute to the development of orbital infections. (healthcaretip.com)
  • Odontogenic infections are another potential source of subperiosteal orbital abscess. (healthcaretip.com)
  • Sinus infections may be one of the most annoyingly persistent things to experience in life. (homage.sg)
  • Generally, sinus infections can be categorised by frequency and duration, or how often and for how long you experience them. (homage.sg)
  • Sinus infections can also be further categorised according to which exact paranasal sinus has been infected. (homage.sg)
Uncinate process1
  • Medical CT scans are used to evaluate, identify and diagnose paranasal sinus disease and other anomalies, such as concha bullosa, paradoxical middle turbinate, hypoplastic or absent uncinate process, and orbital floor anomalies. (decisionsindentistry.com)
Preseptal and Orbital Cellulitis1
Drainage9
  • Decongestants, corticosteroid nasal sprays, and application of heat and humidity may help relieve symptoms and improve sinus drainage. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Recurrent sinusitis may require surgery to improve sinus drainage. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Common risk factors for sinusitis include factors that obstruct normal sinus drainage (eg, allergic rhinitis, nasal polyps, nasogastric or nasotracheal tubes, nasal packing) and immunocompromised states (eg, diabetes, HIV infection). (merckmanuals.com)
  • Diseases that obstruct the drainage of the sinuses can result in a reduced ability of the paranasal sinuses to drain fluid out and function normally. (drkennypang.com)
  • An upper respiratory tract infection (flu, common cold) or severe allergic rhinitis leading to obstruction of the ostia (openings of the sinuses) and stasis (stagnation) of drainage often precedes it. (drkennypang.com)
  • Treatment of acute sinusitis consists of providing adequate drainage of the involved sinus and appropriate systemic treatment of the likely bacterial pathogens. (medscape.com)
  • Drainage can be achieved surgically with sinus puncture and irrigation techniques. (medscape.com)
  • The main goal is to improve the drainage of the sinuses by widening the openings of the sinuses. (sinushealth.com)
  • Traditionally, surgical drainage using endoscopic or external techniques has been used to treat subperiosteal orbital abscesses. (healthcaretip.com)
VOMER1
  • articulate with the highest number of other bones: the frontal, ethmoid, nasal, zygomatic, lacrimal, palatine, and vomer bones and with the inferior nasal concha and each other. (biologydictionary.net)
Cavities1
  • They affect primarily the ethmoid cells in diffuse and bilateral impairment, causing secondary mucous thickness and/or retention of secretion in other cavities. (bjorl.org)
Maxilla2
  • B) Surgical specimen from the maxilla of 54-year-old male patient showing black necrotic paranasal sinus with palatal involvement indicated by yellow arrows. (cdc.gov)
  • articulate with the frontal, ethmoid, and maxilla bones, as well as with each other. (biologydictionary.net)
Infection11
  • Either can be caused by an external focus of infection (eg, a wound), infection that extends from the nasal sinuses or teeth, or metastatic spread from infection elsewhere. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Orbital cellulitis is most often caused by extension of infection from adjacent sinuses, especially the ethmoid sinus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent pathogen associated with sinus infection, whereas Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes predominate when infection arises from local trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Now consider the same flight in someone who has an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) with tissue edema and secretions blocking the natural sinus ostia. (medscape.com)
  • People with migraines do not typically have the thick nasal discharge that is a common symptom of a sinus infection. (mdwiki.org)
  • Therefore, frequently in orbital invasion the eye lacks of the typical "hyperemia" (redness) of infection. (eyewiki.org)
  • As its name suggests, sinusitis , or sinus infection happens when your sinuses are inflamed, often due to an infection, explaining its synonymous association with sinus infection. (homage.sg)
  • Most of us would be familiar with the common classic symptoms of sinus infection. (homage.sg)
  • In other words, major symptoms are more indicative of a sinus infection, and minor symptoms help to further confirm the diagnosis, or narrow down the cause of your sinus infection. (homage.sg)
  • Acute sinusitis refers to when your sinus infection is characterised by a sudden onset, a duration of less than 4 weeks and with complete resolution. (homage.sg)
  • Chronic sinusitis refers to when your sinus infection symptoms persist for 12 weeks or even longer. (homage.sg)
Nose and sinuses3
  • Of a great importance in mucocele pathology is the mucociliary clearance and apical junctional complexes between epithelial cells, which comprise a mechanical barrier between host and environment, and provides the first line of host defense for the nose and sinuses. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • The endoscope allows the surgeon to see inside the nose and sinuses (See Nasal Endoscopy ). (sinushealth.com)
  • Local anesthesia involves numbing the nose and sinuses, but the patient remains awake for surgery. (sinushealth.com)
Abscess4
  • Three patients presented with Pott's puffy tumor, two of which presented with epidural abscess and one patient with orbital cellulites. (news-medical.net)
  • Occasionally, a periapical dental abscess of a maxillary tooth spreads to the overlying sinus. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The progression or spreading of orbital cellulitis can lead to the formation of a subperiosteal abscess. (healthcaretip.com)
  • This type of abscess can affect the ethmoid, frontal, or maxillary bones. (healthcaretip.com)
Symptoms4
  • The signs and symptoms of orbital emphysema vary depending on the original cause, but it is preliminary associated with swelling, bruising, and tenderness around the impacted eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • Preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis are distinct diseases that share a few clinical symptoms and signs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [12] Often, a localized headache or toothache is present, and these symptoms distinguish a sinus-related headache from other types of headaches, such as tension and migraine headaches. (mdwiki.org)
  • Aroor R, Saldanha M, Mustafa S, Devika T. Symptoms of Ocular Myasthenia Gravis Masked by an Organic Lesion in Sphenoid Sinuses. (aijcr.com)
Cribriform plate1
  • It can gain access to the brain either via spread from the orbital apex, cavernous sinus, through the cribriform plate, or through the blood vessels. (eyewiki.org)
Ostia2
Surgical6
  • Radiographic images and surgical specimens demonstrating rhino-orbital-cerebral coronavirus disease-associated mucormycosis in patients from India, 2020. (cdc.gov)
  • This exhibit features medical illustrations of the surgical steps performed during sinus surgery and a septoplasty. (anatomicaljustice.com)
  • MRI is better than CT scanning in differentiating paranasal sinus masses, although it is not as useful as CT scanning in surgical planning and can be more time consuming to obtain. (medscape.com)
  • Surgical therapy is designed to restore sinus ventilation. (medscape.com)
  • Surgical intervention would be an antral wash out for the maxillary sinus. (drkennypang.com)
  • The surgical approach of sphenoid mucocele can be transseptal on the both sides for bilateral lesion, paraseptal which is the most frequent one and transethmoidal when there is simultaneous disease in the ethmoid sinus 8. (ghise-ioan.ro)
Scan3
  • In general, no imaging studies are required unless the patient requires surgery, pre-operative CT (computer tomography) scan of the sinuses are performed. (drkennypang.com)
  • In 1976, McClure referred that there were characteristic abnormalities suggestive of SNP at CT scan that could help the differential diagnosis of other diseases that affect the nasal fossa and paranasal sinuses. (bjorl.org)
  • Your physician may order a CT ("cat") scan of your sinuses. (sinushealth.com)
Ethmoidal sinuses1
  • In infancy, the ethmoidal sinuses are developed, and they expand during early childhood. (medscape.com)
Mucoceles4
  • One thousand seventy-three patients (1869 sides) from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2012 undergoing ESS for sinonasal diseases such as acute or chronic rhinosinusis, and paranasal sinus mucoceles were enrolled in the present study. (scirp.org)
  • Jaswal, Abhishek Paranasal sinus mucoceles: a comprehensive retroprospective study in Indian perspective, Indian J. Head Neck Surg. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Lory, D. Les mucoceles du sinus maxillare: a propos de trios cas. (ghise-ioan.ro)
  • Controversies in the management of frontal sinus mucoceles. (ghise-ioan.ro)
Surgery10
  • Orbital emphysema is a common result of certain types of surgery, in particular the ones that involve orbital medial wall. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cite this: A 67-Year-Old Woman With Diplopia After Sinus Surgery - Medscape - Jan 18, 2018. (medscape.com)
  • The medical records of 13 patients diagnosed pathologically with IMT, inflammatory pseudotumor, or plasma cell granuloma of the paranasal sinus and nasopharynx in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2006 to 2017 were reviewed. (hindawi.com)
  • [ 1 ] the development of the rigid endoscope by H. H. Hopkins and its use in maxillary sinus surgery, reported in 1989 by Hopkins and Kapang, were instrumental to our current understanding of sinus disease. (medscape.com)
  • Over the past few decades, sinus surgery has evolved significantly. (sinushealth.com)
  • Advances in technology have allowed sinus surgery to be performed entirely through the nose. (sinushealth.com)
  • Before having sinus surgery, medical treatments have usually been tried. (sinushealth.com)
  • There are several goals of sinus surgery. (sinushealth.com)
  • Surgery is done in addition to, and not instead of, medical treatment of the sinuses. (sinushealth.com)
  • Some patients may be asked to take antibiotics and/or steroids prior to sinus surgery. (sinushealth.com)
Mucormycosis1
Edema3
  • Removal of exposed orbital fat using powered instruments was performed in 3 patients, two of whom transiently showed periorbital edema postoperatively. (scirp.org)
  • This was less likely with our patient, since she had no fever and lacked the typical examination findings associated with orbital cellulitis (periorbital edema, erythema, and tenderness). (consultant360.com)
  • Periorbital edema and proptosis are the primary clinical characteristics of orbital abscesses. (healthcaretip.com)
Nasal endoscopy1
  • Nasal endoscopy, despite being an important diagnosis for small meatal polyps, does not provide information about presence and extension of the disease to the ethmoid sinuses or to other sinuses. (bjorl.org)
Bones2
  • The 5 bones that make up the skull base are the ethmoid, sphenoid, occipital, paired frontal, and paired temporal bones. (medscape.com)
  • The ethmoid and sphenoid bones are also part of the neurocranium. (biologydictionary.net)
Zygomatic1
  • The most common configuration of facial fractures include isolated zygomatic arch fractures, 'tripod' fractures, and orbital 'blowout' fractures. (radiologymasterclass.co.uk)
Bacterial1
  • Orbital cellulitis can develop as a complication of acute bacterial sinusitis and can present with vision changes. (consultant360.com)
Bilateral1
Occurs1
  • Sinus aspergilloma occurs occasionally in RA patients and can progress to invasive Aspergillus disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Middle meatus2
  • Polyps originate from the middle concha, middle meatus and ethmoid sinus 4, 14. (bjorl.org)
  • The middle meatus, under cover of the middle concha, receives the openings of the maxillary and frontal sinuses. (dartmouth.edu)
Medial wall2
  • Some fractures may be limited to the internal orbital skeleton, including blow-out and blow-in patterns, as seen in isolated fractures of the orbital floor, medial wall, and roof. (medscape.com)
  • Any object with force and/or speed, typically a ball, fist or vehicle accidents, can result in orbital floor and/or medial wall fractures. (wikipedia.org)
Mucous membranes1
  • Introduction: Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a condition with a controversial aethiology, known by bilaterally inflammatory mucous membranes of nasal and paranasal sinuses. (bjorl.org)
Chronic1
  • Headache or facial pain or pressure of a dull, constant, or aching sort over the affected sinuses is common with both acute and chronic stages of sinusitis. (mdwiki.org)
Periorbital1
  • It subsequently results in air trapped in the periorbital subcutaneous tissue and the development of orbital emphysema, which is often mistaken as allergic reactions. (wikipedia.org)