OrbitProptosisPseudotumorIschemic Optic NeurNeuritisOphthalmologyTumorsLesionThyroid Eye DisGliomaMeningiomaIntracranial neoplasmsDiseasesCompressive optic neuropathyCranial nervesMeningiomasOcularChiasmApexFractureMalignantInflammationCiliaryNeuropathiesNerve sheathCavernousDiseaseDiplopiaExtraocularLymphomaPosteriorCases of orbitalVascularMedialClinicalIncidenceNeuropathyNervesSymptomsEyelidsPrimaryDecompressionTumoursSecondaryMelanocytomaFungal
Orbit8
- Contrasted computed tomography (CT) scanning can be used to characterize local involvement of optic nerve glioma within the orbit. (medscape.com)
- Proptosis is described as an abnormal protrusion of the eyeball [ 1 ], and in relation to the skull, proptosis is measured from the corneal apex to the outer orbital margin of the orbit, with the eye looking straight [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Next, an MRI of the orbit is performed to determine if there is a tumor mass in the orbital cavity and exactly where it is located. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- Discussion Orbital SFT is a generally benign neoplasm originating from the mesenchyme, uncommon in the orbit. (scitechnol.com)
- Localized pain in or behind the eye or orbit may suggest intra-orbital pathology and headache may suggest intracranial pathology. (eyewiki.org)
- Tumors affecting the orbit include benign and malignant neoplasms arising from the various structures in the orbit including the blood vessels, nerves, bones, orbital fat and other soft tissues. (cybersight.org)
- Orbit is supposed to be Pandora's Box, full of evil because 50% of orbital tumors are supposed to be malignant, and hence potentially life threatening. (cybersight.org)
- Signs and symptoms relating to orbital metastasis are usually noted late in the disease progression, and treatment generally consists of local radiotherapy to the orbit [ 6 ] in addition to treatment of the primary cancer, which in this case of ductal adenocarcinoma of the breast required hormonal therapy only. (oaepublish.com)
Proptosis5
- This is called orbital proptosis and other causes of it include Grave's disease although this condition usually will affect both eyes simultaneously. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- A 62-year-old woman presented with optic neuropathy, proptosis, and ocular dysmotility secondary to an osteolytic orbital tumor. (hkjo.hk)
- Its clinical manifestations have tremendous clinical heterogeneity and vary according to the site of infiltration and the degree of lesions, including orbital pain, swelling, diplopia, proptosis, restricted eye movement, and decreased visual acuity. (bvsalud.org)
- The orbital involvement of the tumor causes significant proptosis of the affected eye. (medscape.com)
- Orbital schwannomas are typically slow-growing benign tumors that can cause gradual loss of vision, proptosis, and limitation of ocular motility. (duke.edu)
Pseudotumor3
- False-positive results can occur because of unilateral optic nerve enhancement or other unilateral disorders, such as optic meningioma, vascular lesions, neuritis, pseudotumor, and sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
- Orbital inflammatory pseudotumor (OIP) is a benign, non-specific inflammatory disorder that commonly occurs in middle-aged adults and is usually unilateral but can occur bilaterally. (bvsalud.org)
- In the present report, we describe a case of sclerosing orbital pseudotumor in an 11-year-old castrated male American Shorthair cat. (bvsalud.org)
Ischemic Optic Neur3
- Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a common cause of sudden loss of vision, especially in the elderly. (aetna.com)
- To resolve the controversy over the effectiveness of optic nerve decompression for NAION, the National Eye Institute sponsored the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial, a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial of optic nerve decompression surgery for patients with NAION. (aetna.com)
- A structured evidence review (Dickersin and Manheimer, 2002) concluded that "[r]esults from the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial indicate that optic nerve decompression surgery for nonarteritic ischemic optic neuropathy is not effective. (aetna.com)
Neuritis8
- The authors present an atypical case of a rapidly growing orbital apex schwannoma in a patient with preexisting vision loss secondary to presumed sarcoidal optic neuritis. (duke.edu)
- Over the past few years, there has been remarkable development in the area of optic neuritis. (lww.com)
- Antiaquaporin4 antibodies and antimyelin oligodendrocytes antibodies are now considered as distinct entities of optic neuritis with their specific clinical presentation, neuroimaging characteristics, treatment options, and course of the disease. (lww.com)
- Similarly, there has been a substantial change in the treatment of optic neuritis which was earlier limited to steroids and interferons. (lww.com)
- The development of new immunosuppressant drugs and monoclonal antibodies has reduced the relapses and improved the prognosis of optic neuritis as well as an associated systemic disease. (lww.com)
- This review article tends to provide an update on the approach and management of optic neuritis. (lww.com)
- The landscape of optic neuritis (ON) is rapidly changing with the discovery of new antibodies, advent of latest investigations, and revised diagnostic criteria. (lww.com)
- We searched PubMed and Medline for studies published during the last 10 years with the general term "optic neuritis" and specific terms like "typical optic neuritis," "atypical optic neuritis," "multiple sclerosis," "neuromyelitis optic neuritis," and "myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody. (lww.com)
Ophthalmology1
- The two cases of orbital SFT were treated at the Ophthalmology Department at the Dr Josep Trueta University Hospital in Girona in 2017. (scitechnol.com)
Tumors12
- Optic pathway gliomas are benign tumors that are classified as pilocytic astrocytomas . (medscape.com)
- They constitute 50% of primary optic nerve tumors and 1.5-4% of all orbital tumors. (medscape.com)
- Orbital (eye) tumors usually arise spontaneously but can have an inherited genetic component. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- Orbital tumors are very serious because they can cause vision loss or blindness and may even spread to other parts of the body if they are malignant. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- There are many different types of orbital tumors and fortunately many of them are benign. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- However, over time, the growth of these tumors can cause compression on the optic nerve and adjacent blood vessels and muscles severely impacting vision. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- Orbital tumors generally cause one eye to appear enlarged or proptotic when they reach a certain size. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- The first step in the management of orbital tumors is to differentiate the malignant tumors from the benign ones. (cybersight.org)
- Complete surgical excision remains the primary treatment of choice for well-defined, clinically benign orbital tumors. (cybersight.org)
- And I'll be speaking to you today about logical approach to orbital tumors. (cybersight.org)
- So, when we deal with orbital tumors, the need is to have a logical approach where oncological principles are respected. (cybersight.org)
- Before I go into it, orbital tumors are primarily classified as benign and malignant primary tumors or secondary tumors. (cybersight.org)
Lesion6
- The diagnosis may be made with a high degree of confidence when the lesion involves the optic chiasm and retrochiasmatic optic pathway. (medscape.com)
- Two different growing patterns of sphenoid wing meningioma have been described: meningioma en masse, forming a nodular space-occupying lesion, and meningioma en plaque, which is flat and demonstrates a carpet-like growth pattern. (medscape.com)
- Contrary to the slowly progressive nature of a typical orbital schwannoma, the lesion was observed to enlarge from radiologically undiscernible to 3.5 cm over 4 years. (duke.edu)
- Each orbitotomy technique is designed to provide the best surgical exposure to the lesion of interest, while causing least damage to the orbital structures, with a goal to achieve optimal functional and cosmetic outcome. (cybersight.org)
- Having a thorough knowledge on the orbital anatomy and detailing out the size and extent of the lesion using pre-operative imaging can help the surgeon decide on the right approach. (cybersight.org)
- A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan further revealed an abnormal infiltrating lesion at the orbital apex encasing the optic nerve and involving all four rectus muscles [ Figures 1 and 2 ]. (oaepublish.com)
Thyroid Eye Dis1
- However, if there is muscle restriction (e.g., thyroid eye disease, orbital fracture, orbital myositis) then the diplopia may be worse in the opposite field of action of the restricted muscle. (eyewiki.org)
Glioma5
- Optic nerve glioma (also known as optic pathway glioma) is the most common primary neoplasm of the optic nerve. (medscape.com)
- A low-grade form of this neoplasm, benign optic glioma, occurs most often in pediatric patients. (medscape.com)
- Axial T2-weighted MRI in a 46-year-old man demonstrates a mass in the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus resulting from contiguous extension of the patient's known optic nerve glioma. (medscape.com)
- MRI, however, is the preferred method for definitive evaluation of optic nerve glioma. (medscape.com)
- CT scanning is the better modality for identifying uncommon meningioma with flecks of calcification, which are rare in optic nerve glioma. (medscape.com)
Meningioma3
- Orbital Compartment Syndrome without Evidence of Orbital Mass or Ocular Compression After Pterional Craniotomy for Removal of Meningioma of the Frontal Lobe: A Case Report and Literature Review. (nih.gov)
- Meningioma is a primary central nervous system neoplasm that is commonly encountered by neurosurgeons. (medscape.com)
- The dura is opened, and the meningioma can be seen extending en plaque over the surface of the brain. (medscape.com)
Intracranial neoplasms2
- Neurofibromatosis 1 is an autosomally dominated inherited genetic condition that predisposes those involved to the development of intracranial neoplasms. (medlink.com)
- Meningiomas account for approximately 20% of all primary intracranial neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Diseases1
- 2 3 4 5 6 ] However, a more recent population-based survey conducted in urban Mangalore has shown a prevalence of 8.3/100,000 for MS and 2.6/100,000 for neuromyelitis optic spectrum diseases (NMOSD). (lww.com)
Compressive optic neuropathy3
- The morbidity associated with cavernous hemangiomas is the threat of compressive optic neuropathy, extraocular muscle dysfunction, and cosmetic disfigurement. (medscape.com)
- In some cases, a compressive optic neuropathy can be the etiological basis for the visual acuity or field disturbance. (medscape.com)
- Decreased color vision, visual field deficits, and relative afferent pupillary defects warrant immediate imaging to rule out a compressive optic neuropathy. (medscape.com)
Cranial nerves1
- Ventral surface of the brain of a 4.5-year-old golden retriever with a germ cell neoplasm compressing the rostral brainstem and the cranial nerves coursing through the middle cranial fossa. (veteriankey.com)
Meningiomas6
- Sphenoid wing meningiomas also are known as "orbitosphenoid meningiomas," "meningiomas en plaque of the sphenoid wing," and "sphenoid wing meningiomas with osseous involvement. (medscape.com)
- [ 9 ] Sphenoid wing meningiomas may be associated with hyperostosis of the sphenoid ridge and may be very invasive, spreading to the dura of the frontal, temporal, and orbital regions. (medscape.com)
- Type III clinoidal meningiomas originate at the optic foramen and extend into the optic canal and thus present some difficulty in gross total removal. (medscape.com)
- Meningiomas are highly vascular brain neoplasms that are often associated with substantial blood loss during surgical resection. (drashokhande.com)
- Clinoidal meningiomas remain a challenging pathology because of their intimate relationship to vital neurovascular structures, like optic nerves, and internal carotid artery, to name a few. (drashokhande.com)
- The current trend is to separate unequivocal meningiomas from other less well-defined neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Ocular1
- Checklist for distant exam: vision, mental status, globe and orbital symmetry, symmetry to adnexa and facial structures, blink characteristics, and ocular motility. (vin.com)
Chiasm1
- however, the extent depends on the degree of the involvement of the chiasm and the optic nerves. (drashokhande.com)
Apex1
- The image depicts a contrasted MRI of the brain which shows an enhancing mass along the sphenoid ridge, orbital apex, and even the temporalis muscle. (medscape.com)
Fracture1
- Oculocardiac reflex associated with a large orbital floor fracture. (drmatthewwhite.com)
Malignant1
- Eye neoplasms can affect all parts of the eye, and can be a benign tumor or a malignant tumor (cancer). (wikipedia.org)
Inflammation1
- PURPOSE: In humans, idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI) is a diagnosis attributed to benign, inflammatory orbital conditions without identifiable local or systemic cause. (bvsalud.org)
Ciliary3
- AION represents an acute ischemic disorder (a segmental infarction) of the ONH supplied by the posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs), while PION has no specific location in the posterior part of the optic nerve and does not represent ischemia in a specific artery [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
- It is caused by infarction of the short posterior ciliary arteries supplying the anterior optic nerve. (aetna.com)
- Congenital neoplasms of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (medulloepithelioma). (ijhns.com)
Neuropathies1
- Ischemic optic neuropathies (IONs) are a major cause of blindness or seriously impaired vision in the middle-aged and elderly population, although they can occur at any age. (intechopen.com)
Nerve sheath2
- Optic nerve decompression surgery (also known as optic nerve sheath decompression surgery) involves cutting slits or a window in the optic nerve sheath to allow cerebrospinal fluid to escape, thereby reducing the pressure around the optic nerve. (aetna.com)
- Initial results of uncontrolled studies suggested that optic nerve sheath decompression was a promising treatment of progressive visual loss in patients with NAION. (aetna.com)
Cavernous1
- Orbital cavernous angiomas can increase intraorbital volume with a resultant mass effect. (medscape.com)
Disease2
- An aggressive surgical approach with orbital exenteration and comprehensive disease clearance with total parotidectomy and neck dissection augmented by postoperative radiotherapy was utilized after initial unsuccessful chemotherapy. (ijhns.com)
- Massive choroidal invasion (≥3 mm of invasion), extrascleral extension, or postlaminar optic nerve disease increase the risk that metastatic disease could develop. (aao.org)
Diplopia1
- Large deep orbital dermoid cysts can cause pressure effects on the muscles and optic nerve, leading to diplopia and loss of vision. (wikipedia.org)
Extraocular2
- Is it related to any of the crucial structures such as extraocular muscles or the optic nerve? (cybersight.org)
- The main risk factor associated with death is extraocular extension of the tumor, either directly through the sclera or, more commonly, by invasion of the optic nerve, especially to the surgically resected margin (see Chapter 11, Fig 11-46). (aao.org)
Lymphoma3
- The most common orbital malignancy is orbital lymphoma. (wikipedia.org)
- Most patients with orbital lymphoma can be offered chemotherapy or radiation therapy. (wikipedia.org)
- In our practice, hematologic neoplasms are mainly lymphoproliferative syndromes and the most common varieties are non-Burkitt non Hodgkin lymphoma, high grade lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic lymphoma and multiple myeloma. (bvsalud.org)
Posterior1
- ION is of two types: anterior (AION) and posterior (PION), the first involving the anterior part of the optic nerve (also called the optic nerve head, ONH) and the second, the rest of the optic nerve. (intechopen.com)
Cases of orbital1
- Here we have presented two cases of orbital SFT, together with a review of the literature. (scitechnol.com)
Vascular1
- Hyperostosis associated with orbital vascular malformation. (ucla.edu)
Medial2
- For orbital neoplasms that are medial to the optic nerve we can safely perform transnasal minimally invasive endoscopic orbital tumor resection . (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
- Diamox, Lasix, corticosteroids), and disc swelling with visual field loss progresses, direct fenestration of the optic nerve sheaths via medial or lateral orbitotomy has been shown to be an effective and relatively simple procedure for relief of papilledema. (aetna.com)
Clinical2
- Clinical presentation and anatomical location of orbital plasmacytomas. (hkjo.hk)
- We present two clinical cases of patients aged 36 and 74 with an orbital solitary fibrous tumour (SFT). (scitechnol.com)
Incidence2
- Henderson reported an incidence of 4.3% among orbital neoplasms. (medscape.com)
- Hematologic neoplasms represented 2.2% of cancers (80/3650) at CNRAO, giving an annual incidence of 26.66 cases. (bvsalud.org)
Neuropathy1
- Assess for pupil constriction during accommodation and for relative afferent pupillary defect to look for associated optic neuropathy. (eyewiki.org)
Nerves1
- Today, modern radiation treatment modalities, such as proton therapy, are likely to be chosen, for providing superior accuracy in dose delivery, helping to spare healthy tissue and the sensitive optic nerves. (wikipedia.org)
Symptoms2
- It can be the most dramatic of the orbital symptoms, especially if it has an acute onset. (hindawi.com)
- If you have signs or symptoms of an orbital tumor it is critical to consult a Rhinologist immediately for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. (myhoustonsurgeons.com)
Eyelids2
- Exenteration - Removal of the eye, all orbital contents, which can involve the eyelids as well. (wikipedia.org)
- Erythema of the upper and lower eyelids did not extend beyond the orbital rim. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
Primary1
- The characteristic onset usually occurs with unilateral failure of vision loss associated with primary optic atrophy. (drashokhande.com)
Decompression2
- The investigators concluded that optic nerve decompression surgery is not an effective treatment for NAION, and in fact, may increase the risk of progressive visual loss in NAION patients. (aetna.com)
- A Cochrane review (Dickersin et al, 2012) concluded that results from the single trial indicate no evidence of a beneficial effect of optic nerve decompression surgery for NAION. (aetna.com)
Tumours2
- Visual loss is a very common presenting symptom in these tumours, since they are situated just above the optic nerve. (drashokhande.com)
- Headache is another most common symptom in these tumours, generally over the orbital or retroorbital field. (drashokhande.com)
Secondary1
- Visual loss secondary to optic nerve drusen. (aetna.com)
Melanocytoma1
- Orbital melanocytoma completely resected with conservative surgery in association with ipsilateral nevus of Ota: report of a case and review of the literature. (nih.gov)
Fungal1
- Orbital granulomatosis with polyangiitis masquerading as invasive fungal sinusitis. (ucla.edu)