• Strabismus - a disorder in which the two eyes don't line up in the same direction. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Benefiting from blended learning opportunities, you will learn about paediatric ophthalmology, strabismus (ocular misalignment), ocular motility disorders, and other eye and vision health issues and diseases. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Strabismus (eye turn) and Amblyopia (lazy eye) are disorders of binocular vision, resulting in reduced depth perception. (eyeconsee.com)
  • The reader can better appreciate the specific strabismus disorders and syndromes. (a-zbookstore.com)
  • Seeing two objects instead of one ( diplopia ) with a binocular view can arise from ocular misalignment caused by lesions of the brainstem and cerebellum. (medscape.com)
  • Ocular torticollis refers to a head tilt that is caused by an ocular misalignment. (bvsalud.org)
  • A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a "cross-eye" appearance. (ouhsc.edu)
  • Adults who develop double vision, or ocular misalignment later in life should be evaluated by a Pediatric Ophthalmologist in order to determine their underlying diagnosis. (kidseyesjax.com)
  • Susan Downes is a Consultant Ophthalmologist at Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford in post since 2000, and Professor of Ophthalmology at the University of Oxford, and specialises in retinal disorders. (ouh.nhs.uk)
  • Her specialist interests include inherited retinal dystrophies, age-related macular degeneration, macular diseases including central serous chorioretinopathy, retinal telangiectasia, and toxic retinopathies as well as the impact of ocular diseases on sleep wake/mood. (ouh.nhs.uk)
  • Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located in the iris. (lookformedical.com)
  • Orthoptists treat many non-surgical disorders of ocular motility and binocular vision including, but not limited to, amblyopia , convergence insufficiency , and accommodative esotropia . (aao.org)
  • These patients may be referred to the orthoptist for sensorimotor evaluations, management of amblyopia , convergence insufficiency , accommodative esotropia , and other non-surgical disorders of ocular motility and binocular vision from the supervising ophthalmologist's practice, or from the medical community. (aao.org)
  • Binocular vision, or eye teaming disorders, refer to a variety of conditions in which the eyes drift inward, outward, or upward. (visualperformancecenter.com)
  • Anatomic and physiologic illustrations describe normal anatomic and physiologic relations as well as abnormalities in binocular function and ocular alignment. (a-zbookstore.com)
  • Step-by-step guides of sensory and motility tests to qualitatively measure binocular vision, ocular alignment and the visual status. (a-zbookstore.com)
  • Duane syndrome (DS) is a rare, congenital eye movement disorder most commonly characterized by the inability of the eye to turn out. (bionity.com)
  • The term congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder (CCDD) was introduced by Gutowski et al. (uk.com)
  • Duane's retraction syndrome (DRS) is a complex congenital eye movement disorder caused by aberrant innervation of the extraocular muscles by axons of brainstem motor neurons. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Duane syndrome (DS) is a rare, congenital disorder of eye movement. (medscape.com)
  • Because patients with MS and other CNS inflammatory disorders who have visual symptoms often seek ophthalmic attention, eye care experts play a vital role in the localization and diagnosis of these conditions. (medscape.com)
  • These patients come with very complex ocular motility presentations and require a careful and detailed assessment in order to find the correct diagnosis and arrange appropriate investigations. (uk.com)
  • Accurate diagnosis guide for practitioners to understand the disorders of ocular alignment and motility. (a-zbookstore.com)
  • Diagnosis of ocular disease must occur at an early age to avoid permanent visual deficits. (kidseyesjax.com)
  • Criteria from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition ( DSM-5 ) should be used in the diagnosis of dementia. (medscape.com)
  • Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations frequently are encountered in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disorders, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Ninety percent of patients with myasthenia gravis develop ophthalmologic manifestations of the disease, a disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by weakness and fatigability of skeletal muscles. (medscape.com)
  • Better control of the systemic comorbidities with bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and enzymatic replacement therapy (ERT) and the increase in life expectancy allowed the identification of new, late-onset ocular manifestations in MPS patients. (eyewiki.org)
  • Optic neuritis is an inflammatory injury of the optic nerve that causes vision loss, which is common in MS and other CNS inflammatory disorders. (medscape.com)
  • The most common (classic or typical features) include corneal clouding, ocular hypertension and glaucoma, retinopathy and optic disc involvement (optic disc swelling or atrophy). (eyewiki.org)
  • Among patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), 75% initially complain of ocular disturbance, mainly ptosis and diplopia. (medscape.com)
  • Neurological examination revealed visual impairment, ocular motility disorder and diplopia on looking to the left. (bvsalud.org)
  • These conditions may be divided into infranuclear, nuclear, and supranuclear disorders. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many of the ocular abnormalities are as a result of long-standing uncontrolled hypertension which caused the stroke. (who.int)
  • The text addresses the unique abilities (and limitations) that each specialty has in the evaluation and management of patients with neuro-ophthalmic disorders. (mhmedical.com)
  • Anterior and posterior segments, together with neuro-ophthalmic disorders were found among stroke patients in this study. (who.int)
  • We review the pathologic correlates of autonomic dysfunction (cardiac and gastrointestinal), hyposmia, depression, rapid eye movement behavior disorder and dementia in PD For each non-motor clinical feature there is strong evidence to suggest a role for α-synuclein pathology, lending further support for the notion that PD is a multisystem α-synucleinopathy. (elsevierpure.com)
  • [2] Ocular pathology is common in all types of MPS, but its frequency, severity and ocular localization vary according to the MPS subtype. (eyewiki.org)
  • All-in-one atlas depicting ocular anatomy, sensory physiology, tests of sensory status and ocular alignment. (a-zbookstore.com)
  • MG is differentiated into two major clinical forms: ocular MG, in which the patient has predominantly ocular symptoms, and generalized MG, in which the patient develops generalized proximal weakness. (medscape.com)
  • Los trastornos nucleares son originados por enfermedades de los núcleos oculomotores, trocleares o abducens en el TRONCO CEREBRAL. (bvsalud.org)
  • [13] In a tertiary centre in Portugal, all 5 patients with MPS type VI presented corneal clouding and this was the first ocular manifestation. (eyewiki.org)
  • Affected individuals may experience problems with how they see the world (afferent visual pathway symptoms) and/or how smoothly and synchronously their eyes move together (efferent visual pathway disorders). (medscape.com)
  • Patients with visual disturbances in the setting of suspected or established multiple sclerosis (MS) or other CNS inflammatory disorder should be cautioned to avoid activities that present a safety risk to themselves or others. (medscape.com)
  • Ocular involvement is frequent and may lead to severe visual impairment. (eyewiki.org)
  • Ocular features in MPSs are very frequent, many of those represent an early manifestation of MPS and result in significant visual impairment. (eyewiki.org)
  • Data was collected with the use of a structured questionnaire divided into four major sections: bio-data, visual history, results of ocular assessment and NEI VFQ-25 quality of life questionnaire. (who.int)
  • pathways can produce severe ocular defects such as Data analysis was carried out using Statistical transient monocular visual loss, visual field defect Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows, 1-3 or ocular motility restrictions. (who.int)
  • [ 9 ] Hence, patients who keep having strictly ocular symptoms for 3 or more years are unlikely to revert to the generalized aspect of the disease. (medscape.com)
  • Nonetheless, the definition of ocular MG proposed by consensus is based on any ocular muscle weakness attributed to MG at a specified point in time and not dependent on the duration of disease. (medscape.com)
  • About 50% of patients present solely with ocular symptoms, and about 50-60% of these patients will progress to develop generalized disease. (medscape.com)
  • Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements as a primary manifestation of disease. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nuclear disorders are caused by disease of the oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens nuclei in the BRAIN STEM. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many acquired motility disorders are associated with systemic conditions such as stroke, autoimmune disease, thyroid dysfunction and cancer. (kidseyesjax.com)
  • An orthoptist's focus is on the evaluation and non-surgical treatment of disorders of vision, eye movements, and eye alignment in children and adults. (aao.org)
  • Even if surgery was performed in childhood, there may be available options for attaining ocular alignment. (kidseyesjax.com)
  • We report four patients with no preexisting movement disorders who developed oculogyric crises secondary to lamotrigine toxicity and had resolution of these crises after dose reduction. (duke.edu)
  • [ 7 ] One study found that, over a mean follow-up period of 17 years, approximately 15-17% of patients with MG had strictly ocular symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • Eventually, 90% of patients with MG develop ocular symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • Professor Fischer is a practising Consultant Ophthalmologist at the Oxford Eye Hospital with subspecialty interest in vision problems relating to cataract and retinal disorders. (ouh.nhs.uk)
  • Some evidence shows that steroids or azathioprine might prevent the conversion to generalized MG in 75% of patients with ocular MG. (medscape.com)
  • Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), both adult and pediatric, may experience worsening of their depression and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation and behavior (suicidality) or unusual changes in behavior, whether or not they are taking antidepressant medications, and this risk may persist until significant remission occurs. (nih.gov)
  • In 70% of patients, DS is the only disorder the individual has. (medscape.com)
  • Expertise in motility patterns is required to properly evaluate and manage such patients. (kidseyesjax.com)
  • Ocular disorders among stroke patients. (who.int)
  • Thirty-nine patients (47.0%) were dearth of information on the pattern of ocular between ages of 51 and 60, while 1 (1.2%) was disorders in patients with stroke. (who.int)
  • There are many kinds of eye movement disorders. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some eye movement disorders are present at birth. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There is no cure for some kinds of eye movement disorders, such as most kinds of nystagmus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by dream-enacting behaviors related to the loss of the normal generalized skeletal muscle atonia during REM sleep, and shows REM sleep without atonia (RWA) during polysomnography (PSG). (go.jp)
  • Pediatric Ophthalmologists specialize in disorders of ocular motility and can offer both surgical and non-surgical treatment options. (kidseyesjax.com)
  • Summary of the neuro-ophthalmic history and examination in Section I. This allows a comprehensive overview of the history and examination initially ( Chapter 1 ), further explored in detail in the sections devoted to afferent disorders ( Chapter 2 ) and efferent disorders ( Chapter 7 ). (mhmedical.com)
  • Antidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. (nih.gov)
  • Figure 1: Bilateral INO Introduction Complex ocular motility disorders are a diagnostic challenge. (uk.com)
  • Chapter 6 discusses and illustrates elusive and commonly misdiagnosed disorders. (mhmedical.com)
  • Clarity or sharpness of OCULAR VISION or the ability of the eye to see fine details. (lookformedical.com)
  • Vision Disorders -- Collected Works. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
  • The aim is to identify signs of potentially vision- or life-threatening disorders of the central nervous system. (hku.hk)
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a CNS disorder that is characterized by both inflammatory and neurodegenerative mechanisms of brain and spinal cord injury. (medscape.com)