MicrosurgeryNeurosurgeryProctoscopyNeurosurgical ProceduresAdenoma, VillousLaser TherapySpisulaLasers, GasNatural Orifice Endoscopic SurgerySurgery, Computer-AssistedAnal CanalAndrologyVasovasostomyRadiosurgeryRectal NeoplasmsOrgan Sparing TreatmentsAmputation, TraumaticMeningiomaLaryngeal NeoplasmsPituitary IrradiationCraniotomyNeuronavigationLasersSurgical InstrumentsStereotaxic TechniquesLaryngoscopyNeuroma, AcousticMeningeal NeoplasmsReplantationFallopian Tube DiseasesParticle AcceleratorsReconstructive Surgical ProceduresNeurilemmomaTreatment OutcomeSurgical FlapsEquipment DesignPostoperative ComplicationsAdenomaSpinal Cord Neoplasms