Neurobiological functional neuroimaging. Medical search. Frequent questions

While the precise neurobiological underpinnings of dissociation remain elusive, neuroimaging studies in disorders, characterized by high dissociation (e.g., depersonalization/derealization disorder (DDD), dissociative identity disorder (DID), dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (D-PTSD)), have provided valuable insight into brain alterations possibly underlying dissociation. (springer.com)
The use of such methodologies as functional neuroimaging may help to elucidate the putative neurobiological underpinnings of catastrophizing and its effects. (nyu.edu)
The model uses multiple neuroimaging modalities-including MRI, EEG/ERP, PET and neuropsychological tests-to explore the neurobiological underpinnings of iRISA in drug addiction and related conditions. (mssm.edu)
However, it is unclear whether these findings reflect the state of major depression or reflect trait neurobiological underpinnings of risk for major depression. (futuristech.info)
Accordingly, the principal aim of the empirical work outlined in this thesis is to present novel evidence regarding the neurobiological underpinnings of social processing. (aber.ac.uk)
Finally, Chapter 6 outlines a discussion on the contribution of the empirical work in this thesis to novel insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of social cognition. (aber.ac.uk)
Dr. Pittenger leads a robust patient-oriented research (POR) research program, which is integrated with his basic/translational lab-based research and has produced important new insights into the neurobiological underpinnings and novel treatment avenues for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). (grantome.com)

PreSMA stimulation changes task-free functional connectivity in the fronto-basal-ganglia that correlates with response inhibition efficiency. (neurotree.org)
Researchers have now undertaken Functional Neuroimaging Studies in people who have Gaming Disorder and the results are worrying, showing similar correlates between the neurobiological activity in the brains of people with gambling disorder. (southpacificprivate.com.au)
Behavioral addictions have been found to have similar neurobiological correlates with each other and with substance use disorders on multiple levels of analysis such as alterations in availability of receptors in mesolimbic pathways, the amplitudes of cue-induced late potentials, and frontostriatal activity during reward-based tasks. (cambridge.org)
Considering these sub-typing approaches to characterize youths with CD, this chapter selectively reviews the literature on the prevalence and diagnosis of CD, as well as the evidence base on the neurobiological correlates of the disorder identified through genetics, epigenetics, autonomic nervous system responsivity, levels of neurotransmitters, neuropsychological performance, and structural and functional neuroimaging. (bcu.ac.uk)

Yet, neuroimaging research in clinical samples characterized by high dissociation (e.g. (springer.com)
Her research program represents a multi-modal investigation of the clinical and neurobiological aspects of chemosensory dysfunction in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Pathological gambling: a neurobiological and clinical. (cambridge.org)
However, there are no robust imaging biomarkers that are specific to depression, which may be due to clinical heterogeneity and neurobiological complexity. (archive.org)
Multimodal fusion of brain imaging data alone may not be sufficient for dissecting the clinical and neurobiological heterogeneity of depression. (archive.org)
As well as neurobiological research into genetic mechanisms, I am involved in several clinically focused projects, including functional neuroimaging (using fMRI and MEG), experimental medicine, and randomised clinical trials. (ox.ac.uk)
The frequently encountered clinical and neurobiological intersection of depression and anxiety is discussed in Box 2-1 . (mhmedical.com)
This proposal aims to show that vEOAD comprises its own clinical-neurobiological disorder, or ""type 2 AD"", evident by a specific neurocognitive profile on neuropsychological tests and by specific structural and functional neural network involvement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
The pathogenetic mechanisms are explored by contributors from diverse perspectives including genetics, neuroimaging, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuroimmunology, neuroendocrinology, functional organization of the brain and clinical applications from the role of diet to vaccines. (edu.au)
In chapters that progress logically from neurobiological fundamentals to systems neuroscience and neuroimaging, leading scholars describe the latest theoretical, genetic, structural, clinical, functional, and applied research on the neural bases of creativity. (mit.edu)
Although diagnosing dementia is largely a clinical endeavor, neuroimaging plays an increasingly important role in accurately determining the underlying etiology, which extends beyond its traditional role in excluding other causes of altered cognition. (medscape.com)
Alzheimer disease is diagnosed via clinical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging assessments. (medscape.com)

All subjects underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. (researchsquare.com)
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), large-scale neuroimaging meta-analysis and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). (aber.ac.uk)
We advance neuroimaging techniques (with an emphasis on functional PET-MRI and ultra-high-field fMRI) and computational approaches to study the biophysical and molecular mechanisms underlying intrinsic brain activity, and the neurobiological consequences enacted by cognition, arousal, and disease. (jechenlab.com)
We will apply functional PET-MRI to probe the mechanisms underlying fMRI deactivations in cognitive tasks. (jechenlab.com)
The higher temporal resolution of these tools has extended the studies on the functional networks to the frequency domains which were not accessible through fMRI due to its low temporal resolution. (biorxiv.org)
Animals underwent behavioural testing, including probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) to assess behavioural flexibility, and sequential fMRI to evaluate resting-state functional connectivity. (cam.ac.uk)

Her lab employs a range of neuroscientific methods, including olfactory and gustatory psychophysical measures, measures of decision making, traditional neuropsychological assessment, air-dilution olfactometry, and structural and functional neuroimaging at 7T. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Nationally and internationally known for her neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies in drug addiction, Dr. Goldstein formulated a theoretical model known as Impaired Response Inhibition and Salience Attribution (iRISA). (mssm.edu)
A multivariate analysis of neuropsychological tests, the ""gold standard"" for objectively defining neurocognitive impairments, coupled with structural and functional neuroimaging analysis of connectomes, can identify the neurocognitive-neural network profiles of vEOAD patients, compared to those with typical AD. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)

Are schizophrenia, autistic, and obsessive spectrum disorders dissociable on the basis of neuroimaging morphological findings? (crossref.org)
The findings suggest replicable neuroimaging features associated with major depression, beyond the transdiagnostic effects reported in previous meta-analyses, and support a continued research focus on the subgenual cingulate and other selected regions' role in depression. (psychiatryonline.org)
These findings provide new insight into individual variability in migraine, and could serve as the foundation for novel therapies that take advantage of migraine heterogeneity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUsing a large multi-site dataset of migraine patients we identified three dimensions of multivariate association between symptoms and functional connectivity. (stanford.edu)
1 This is followed by a discussion of in vivo human structural, neurochemical and functional neuroimaging findings and postmortem brain abnormalities in depressed subjects. (mhmedical.com)
Subgroups have also been distinguished by neuroimaging findings and treatment response. (advantagerehabsvc.com)
In recent years, neuroimaging techniques and scientific findings on the nature of hallucination, combined with interest in new philosophical theories of perception such as disjunctivism, have brought the topic of hallucination once more to the forefront of philosophical thinking. (mit.edu)

In the present study, we carried out a quantitative meta-analysis of human neuroimaging to identify common and dissociable neural substrates associated with maternal and passionate love, using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) approach. (tmu.edu.tw)
Despite ongoing debates about the nosology of psychiatric disorders and overarching symptom domains [ 10 ], the neurobiological substrates underlying these conceptualizations remain unclear. (nature.com)
Given the importance of RL and implicated cognitive impairments in psychiatric disorders such as cognitive inflexibility, this PhD thesis sets out to integrate relevant computational and neurobiological substrates, an objective that hitherto has not been widely researched. (cam.ac.uk)

Ulloa A , Horwitz B . Quantifying differences between passive and task-evoked intrinsic functional connectivity in a large-scale brain simulation. (neurotree.org)
Ard T, Carver FW , Holroyd T, Horwitz B , Coppola R. Detecting Functional Connectivity During Audiovisual Integration with MEG: A Comparison of Connectivity Metrics. (neurotree.org)
We aimed to compare the resting-state structural and functional connectivity (FC) of olfactory neural pathways in patients with nIHH and KS. (researchsquare.com)
Structural and functional connectivity data analyses were then performed. (researchsquare.com)
Three Dimensions of Association Link Migraine Symptoms and Functional Connectivity. (stanford.edu)
In the current analysis we used data from two sites (n=143, male and female humans), and performed Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA), relating resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) with a broad range of migraine symptoms ranging from headache characteristics to sleep abnormalities. (stanford.edu)
However, when using RSFC scores from the three significant dimensions, we identified a novel clustering of migraine patients into four biotypes with unique functional connectivity patterns. (stanford.edu)
Neuroimaging studies of patients with major depression have revealed abnormal intrinsic functional connectivity measured during the resting state in multiple distributed networks. (futuristech.info)
Comparisons of functional connectivity during threat processing showed overlapping yet also consistently divergent functional connectivity profiles for the BNST and amygdala. (jneurosci.org)
Shifts in this balance may enable shifts in defensive reactions via the demonstrated differential functional connectivity. (jneurosci.org)
In this computational study, we explore the functional connectivity at different frequency ranges and highlight the role of the distance between the nodes in their correlation. (biorxiv.org)
Finally, MS females and MS males have opposite directional changes in connectivity, as females show lower functional connectivity from the amygdala to the anterior cingulate cortex, infralimbic cortex and insular cortex compared to males. (cam.ac.uk)

The advent of functional neuroimaging and advances in the neurosciences have revolutionized understanding of the functional neuroanatomy of psychiatric disorders. (virginia.edu)

Banerjee A , Kikuchi Y , Mishkin M , Rauschecker JP , Horwitz B . Chronometry on Spike-LFP Responses Reveals the Functional Neural Circuitry of Early Auditory Cortex Underlying Sound Processing and Discrimination. (neurotree.org)
Here, we examined the association between MOR availability and the neural processes underlying reward anticipation in patients with schizophrenia using multimodal neuroimaging. (bvsalud.org)
METHOD: 37 subjects (18 with Schizophrenia with moderate severity negative symptoms and 19 age and sex-matched healthy controls) underwent a functional MRI scan while performing the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task to measure the neural response to reward anticipation. (bvsalud.org)
Using data from our own neuroimaging studies, 11-16 we will show that these 2 subtypes of response can persist in persons with chronic PTSD 17 and that they are associated with distinct patterns of neural activation upon exposure to reminders of traumatic events. (psychiatrictimes.com)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed to compare neural responses to food versus non-food images. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional responses and affective ratings did not differ between REC and NP, even when applying lenient thresholds for the comparison of neural responses. (biomedcentral.com)
In Specific Aim 2, the EOAD participants undergo MRI measures of structural and functional neural networks using connectomic analysis of diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
In addition to information that can help in the diagnosis and management of EOAD, this proposal can stimulate novel research into the reasons for this neurobiological heterogeneity in AD and could potentially lead to interventions based on alternate neurocognitive-neural network profiles. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
The neural basis underlying RL is investigated using brain neuroimaging techniques and translational approaches in both rats and humans. (cam.ac.uk)

Neurosurgical treatment of psychiatric disorders has been influenced by evolving neurobiological models of symptom generation. (virginia.edu)
The relevance of this model for neurotherapeutics is discussed, as well as the role of functional neuroimaging of psychiatric disorders. (virginia.edu)

Studies of bipolar disorder, particularly neuroimaging studies, are vulnerable to the confounding effects such as medication, comorbidity, and small sample size, leading to underpowered independent studies, and significant heterogeneity. (wikipedia.org)
Imaging studies of major depressive disorder have reported structural and functional abnormalities in a variety of spatially diverse brain regions. (psychiatryonline.org)
Given that a neurobiological evaluation is lacking, we conducted a Seed-based D-Mapping comparative meta-analysis including coordinates as well as original statistical maps to determine common and disorder-specific gray matter volume alterations in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), fear-related anxiety disorders (FAD, i.e., social anxiety disorder, specific phobias, panic disorder) and major depressive disorder (MDD). (nature.com)
Neuroimaging studies in borderline personality disorder (BPD), investigating links between altered brain function/structure and dissociation, are still relatively rare. (springer.com)
Neuroimaging studies have also shown structural and functional differences in the brains of individuals with bipolar disorder, particularly in areas involved in mood regulation. (co.ke)
Over the past 15 years, the application of functional neuroimaging research on PTSD has resulted in an explosion of new data that have begun to reveal the brain circuits that are involved in the pathophysiology of this disorder. (psychiatrictimes.com)
Investigating reinforcement learning processes in depression and substance use disorder: translational, computational and neuroimaging approaches. (cam.ac.uk)

area, gray matter density), white matter diffusion properties and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging default mode network amplitude in patients with a history of depression (n = 170) and controls (n = 71). (archive.org)
Here we used data from two independent functional magnetic resonance imaging studies [ n = 108 males and n = 70 (45 females)] to probe how coordination between the BNST and amygdala may regulate responses during shock anticipation and actual shock confrontation. (jneurosci.org)
A variety of imaging modalities, including structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) studies of cerebral metabolism, have shown characteristic changes in the brain of patients with Alzheimer disease in prodromal and even presymptomatic states. (medscape.com)

Neuroimaging and postmortem studies have found abnormalities in a variety of brain regions, and most commonly implicated regions include the ventral prefrontal cortex and amygdala. (wikipedia.org)

In the present study, the authors applied a novel multimodal meta-analytic approach to test the hypothesis that major depression exhibits spatially convergent structural and functional brain abnormalities. (psychiatryonline.org)
Coordinate-based meta-analysis identified spatially convergent structural (VBM) and functional (VBP) abnormalities in major depression. (psychiatryonline.org)
This article reviews neuroimaging studies of depression from the last 3 decades and describes an emerging neurocircuitry model of mood disorders, focusing on critical circuits of cognition and emotion, particularly those networks involved in the regulation of evaluative, expressive and experiential aspects of emotion. (virginia.edu)
Previous structural and functional neuroimaging studies have implicated distributed brain regions and networks in depression. (archive.org)
Ref: Altered Intrinsic Functional Brain Architecture in Children at Familial Risk of Major Depression. (futuristech.info)

Contributors first consider topics from psychology and neuroscience, including neurobiological mechanisms of hallucination and the nature and phenomenology of auditory-verbal hallucinations. (mit.edu)

Binge alcohol consumption is associated with multiple neurobiological consequences, including altered neurophysiology, brain structure, and functional activation. (researchgate.net)

Considerable support for reclassification of these behaviors from impulse-control disorders to addictive behaviors has come from studies showing neurobiological similarities with substance use disorders. (cambridge.org)
she also directs the NARC (Neuropsychoimaging of Addiction and Related Conditions) research group that uses multimodality functional neuroimaging methods to explore the neurobiological basis of impaired cognitive and emotional functioning in human drug addiction and other disorders of self-control. (mssm.edu)
Based on these concepts, a systematic review was conducted aiming to evaluate the impact of CBT on phobic disorders measured by functional neuroimaging techniques. (unifesp.br)
Studies written in English, Spanish or Portuguese evaluating changes in the pattern of functional neuroimaging before and after CBT in patients with phobic disorders were included. (unifesp.br)
Conclusion: In spite of their technical limitations, neuroimaging techniques provide neurobiological support for the efficacy of CBT in the treatment of phobic disorders. (unifesp.br)
This interdisciplinary journal publishes papers relating the plasticity and response of the nervous system to accidental or experimental injuries and their interventions, transplantation, neurodegenerative disorders and experimental strategies to improve regeneration or functional recovery and rehabilitation. (iospress.com)
Individuals with eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, exhibit reductions in grey matter volume in areas associated with cognitive control, reward processing, and body perception, suggesting neurobiological changes underlying the symptoms of eating disorders. (mindflowperformance.com)

We show strong evidence for a dissociable role of the BNST and amygdala in threat processing by demonstrating in two large participant samples that they show a distinct temporal signature of threat responding as well as a discriminable pattern of functional connections and differential sensitivity to early life threat. (jneurosci.org)

Objective: Functional neuroimaging techniques represent fundamental tools in the context of translational research integrating neurobiology, psychopathology, neuropsychology, and therapeutics. (unifesp.br)

The present article gives an overview of recent neuroimaging studies in BPD examining associations between state/trait dissociation and altered brain structure and function. (springer.com)

There is abundant evidence of structural and functional brain alterations during the acute stage of anorexia nervosa (AN), although affected brain areas differ based on various study methodologies. (biomedcentral.com)

A proposed merging of pathological gambling with the drug addictions in the forthcoming DSM-5 prompts an overview of the neurobiological data showing similarities between these conditions, as well as an update on national trends in gambling behaviour and current treatment provision. (cambridge.org)

Discuss the etiology, course, and the structural/functional abnormalities of schizophrenia. (ontimeessays.com)
It is essential to understand the etiology, course, and structural/functional abnormalities associated with schizophrenia to provide effective treatment. (ontimeessays.com)
Structural/Functional abnormalities: Structural and functional abnormalities in various brain regions have been associated with schizophrenia. (ontimeessays.com)

New neuroimaging methods not only facilitate diagnosis of the most common neurodegenerative conditions (particularly AD) after symptom onset but also show diagnostic promise even at very early or presymptomatic phases of the disease. (medscape.com)

The meta-analytic neuroimaging evidence suggests the greater involvement of cognitive-affective regulation in maternal attachment and the greater desire to combine liking and wanting in romantic love behaviors. (tmu.edu.tw)
[ 9 ] The AAN suggests that neuroimaging may be most useful for patients with dementia characterized by early onset or an unusual course. (medscape.com)

Animal models and human neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that anxiety and fear are regulated by distinct neurobiological circuits such that the fear response is mediated by the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), and anxiety is mediated by the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) [ 11 , 12 ]. (nature.com)

We will advance a functional PET-MRI framework to characterize the metabolic signatures of functional network behaviors across different arousal and cognitive states. (jechenlab.com)

The conjunction analysis highlights the functional convergence of the VTA across the two types of human love, indicating a shared neurobiological mechanism of maternal and passionate love with evolutionary roots. (tmu.edu.tw)
The authors aimed to test for neurobiological convergence with the known pathophysiology of OCD and to infer, based on abnormalities in brain activation, whether these habits arise from dysfunction in the goal-directed or habit system. (nih.gov)

In this article, we provide an overview of neurobiological models of dissociation, primarily based on research in DDD, DID, and D-PTSD. (springer.com)
I am a Theme Leader in the NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, and a Group Leader in the Oxford Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging. (ox.ac.uk)

Neuroimaging is widely believed to be generally useful for excluding reversible causes of dementia syndrome such as normal-pressure hydrocephalus, brain tumor, and subdural hematoma, and for excluding other likely causes of dementia such as cerebrovascular disease. (medscape.com)

This functional dissociation between the BNST and amygdala is however controversial, and human evidence scarce. (jneurosci.org)

our neuroimaging evidence supports the notion that maternal and passionate love share a common evolutionary origin and neurobiological basis in the human brain. (tmu.edu.tw)

Ulloa A , Horwitz B . Incorporating the connectome into large-scale neuro-computational models to simulate neuroimaging experiments of short-term memory F1000research . (neurotree.org)
Fuertinger S, Horwitz B , Simonyan K. The Functional Connectome of Speech Control. (neurotree.org)

Based on this background, we review recent neuroimaging studies on associations between dissociation and altered brain function and structure in BPD. (springer.com)
Compared to this relatively large body of literature, neuroimaging studies on dissociation in BPD are still relatively rare. (springer.com)

Neurobiological studies of attachment in animal and human neuroimag-ing studies have suggested that the coordination of oxytocinergic and vasopressinergic pathways, coupled with the dopaminergic reward system, contribute to the formation and maintenance of maternal and passionate love. (tmu.edu.tw)

The brain functional network extracted from the BOLD signals reveals the correlated activity of the different brain regions, which is hypothesized to underlie the integration of the information across functionally specialized areas. (biorxiv.org)

It is hoped that understanding these interconnected neurobiological systems, the programming of which is genetically modulated during neurodevelopment and mediated through a range of neuropeptides and interacting neurotransmitter systems, would no doubt assist in developing interventions that accommodate the way the brains of individuals with autism function. (edu.au)

Anatomy28

Organisms2

Diseases24

Chemicals and Drugs16

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Psychiatry and Psychology125

Phenomena and Processes24

Disciplines and Occupations11

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Humanities3

Information Science15

Health Care11

Underpinnings7

Correlates4

Clinical12

FMRI6

Neuropsychological3

Findings6

Substrates3

Connectivity12

Neuroanatomy1

Neural9

Psychiatric disorders2

Disorder7

Magnetic3

Postmortem1

Depression5

Mechanisms1

Neurophysiology1

Disorders7

Dissociable1

Translational1

Trait1

Alterations1

Similarities1

Schizophrenia3

Symptom1

Suggests2

Studies have demonstrated1

Cognitive1

Convergence2

Research2

Dementia1

Amygdala1

Evidence1

Connectome2

Dissociation2

Human1

Brain regions1

Brains1