Mutations 1998 apoptosis and interacts edar associated death domain protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

Caspases, while dispensable for cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis, inhibit activation of pro-inflammatory pathways after MOMP. (nature.com)
ΔNp63α has been reported to transcriptionally inhibit the tumour suppression protein p53. (researchsquare.com)
The second subfamily of proteins (p105 and p100) has a C-terminal region that contains multiple copies of ankyrin repeats, instead of a transactivation domain, and can bind to and inhibit Rel proteins. (oncotarget.com)

harakiri, a novel regulator of cell death, encodes a protein that activates apoptosis and interacts selectively with survival-promoting proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L)". EMBO J. 16 (7): 1686-94. (wikipedia.org)
It encodes a protein that prevents separin from promoting sister chromatid separation during mitosis [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, compared to the mono-treatment, combination of Polo-like kinase 1 inhibition with anti-mitotic or DNA damaging agents boosts more severe mitotic defects, effectually triggers apoptosis and strongly inhibits proliferation of cancer cells with functional p53. (oncotarget.com)
Apoptotic caspase activity inhibits cell death-associated inflammation. (nature.com)
As such, GCN2 is required for longevity and stress resistance induced by dietary restriction (DR). IMPACT is an ancient protein that inhibits GCN2. (biomedcentral.com)
We have shown that clusterin directly interacts with TDP-43 in vitro and potently inhibits its aggregation, and observed that in ER stressed neuronal cells, clusterin co-localized with TDP-43 and specifically reduced the numbers of cytoplasmic inclusions. (biomedcentral.com)

XLP2 is caused by mutations in the inhibitor-of-apoptosis gene XIAP . (medscape.com)
Acanthamoeba -mediated brain endothelial cell death was abolished using LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor. (asm.org)
Through this constitutive activity, NF-κB p50/p65 acts in tumors mainly as an inhibitor of apoptosis [ 8 , 14 ]. (oncotarget.com)
The poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib has been approved for treating prostate cancer (PCa) with BRCA mutations, and veliparib, another PARP inhibitor, is being tested in clinical trials. (biomedcentral.com)
We present an overview of our prospective fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) registry study across a 3-y period, with head-to-head comparison of tumor uptake in 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET, as well as FAP immunohistochemistry. (bvsalud.org)

Recent advances in understanding the molecular events underlying hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) caused by mutations of the genes encoding proteins of the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-related signaling pathway have been presented. (springer.com)
Novel data were reviewed and discussed on the structure and functions of the components of TNFα-related signaling pathway, the consequences of mutations of the genes encoding these proteins, and the prospect for further investigations, which might elucidate the origin of HED. (springer.com)
HED embraces a genetically heterogeneous group of diseases and is due to mutations of several genes that encode components of the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)-related signaling pathway (Cluzeau et al. (springer.com)
Within the last 10 years significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of HED and this is mainly due to the discovery of unknown proteins and the elucidation of their function in signal transduction via the TNFα-related pathway. (springer.com)
The purpose of this report is to review current literature on the structure and function of components of the TNFα-related signaling pathway, to present a novel approach to their contribution in the differentiation of skin appendages and to discuss the role of mutations of genes encoding components of this pathway in the origin of HED. (springer.com)
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that has been found to play a major role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (frontiersin.org)
Proteins associated with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have been identified as SUMOylated substrates, and evidences suggested that the initiation and progression of cancers depended on the function of the SUMOylation ( 23 ). (frontiersin.org)
This is known as the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. (medscape.com)
The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. (medscape.com)
An NRAS mutation has been identified that represents the first identified case of ALPS resulting from a defect in the intrinsic, or mitochondrial, apoptotic pathway. (medscape.com)
Concomitant with the reduction of HH pathway activity, Tctn2 mutants exhibited increased cell death in the neurectoderm and facial ectoderm, culminating in a collapse of the facial midline. (elifesciences.org)
Enhancing HH signaling by decreasing the gene dosage of a negative regulator of the pathway, Ptch1 , decreased cell death and rescued the midface defect in both Tctn2 and Cc2d2a mutants. (elifesciences.org)
Pathway inference tools were used to interpret these proteins in terms of functionally enriched pathways in the tumor cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
However, relating gene expression with the specific role that the corresponding protein plays in a signaling pathway is complicated by post-transcriptional control of protein expression [ 8 ] and tight regulation of protein activity [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
IκBζ, an atypical member of the nuclear IκB family of proteins, is expressed at low levels in most resting cells, but is induced upon stimulation of Toll-like/IL-1 receptors through an IRAK1/IRAK4/NFκB-dependent pathway. (oncotarget.com)
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) play important roles in modulating the MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
it still remains to be determined if there are more proteins that can regulate the RPs-MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
The General Control Nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) kinase is a conserved member of the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway that represses protein translation and helps cells to adapt to conditions of nutrient shortage. (biomedcentral.com)
The SHH pathway should be off at most of the time, by the inhibition of specific factors such as Patched 1 (PTC1), Protein Kinase A (PKA), Casein Kinase1 (CK1), and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta (GSK3b), and only valid at precise time points [ 98 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)
In the developing male (XY) gonad, sex-determining region of the Y (SRY) protein acts to up-regulate expression of the related gene, SOX9 , a transcriptional regulator that in turn initiates a downstream pathway of testis development, whilst also suppressing ovary development. (plos.org)
Here we report a role for the phylogenetically ancient mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway in mouse sex determination. (plos.org)
The Y-linked sex determining gene SRY regulates this process by initiating a pathway of gene and protein expression, including the expression of critical autosomal genes such as SOX9 . (plos.org)
This mutant, which we called boygirl ( byg ), was shown to contain an early stop codon that disrupts the autosomal gene encoding MAP3K4, a component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. (plos.org)

SPIN1 ablation activates p53, suppresses cell growth, reduces clonogenic ability, and induces apoptosis of human cancer cells. (elifesciences.org)

The protein encoded by this gene is known to interact with cellular and viral survival-promoting proteins, such as BCL2 and the Epstein-Barr virus in order to enhance programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
SUMOylation of proteins is an important mechanism in cellular responses to environmental stress ( 21 , 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
this results in cytoplasmic recruitment of a protein known as the Fas-associated death domain (FADD), followed by recruitment of procaspase 8 and procaspase 10 and resultant cellular apoptosis. (medscape.com)
The small protein ubiquitin plays a vital role in virtually all aspects of cellular life. (intechopen.com)
The objectives of this study were to quantify alterations in protein expression in two HER2+ cellular models of breast cancer and to infer differentially regulated signaling pathways in these models associated with the hallmarks of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
These massive rearrangements suggest that there might not be single driver mutations, but that the quantitative alterations in cellular traits associated with malignant transformation is distributed among multiple genetic loci. (biomedcentral.com)
Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
Using in vitro and cellular techniques, we present a mVP40 assembly model highlighting two distinct oligomerization interfaces: the (N-terminal domain (NTD) and C-terminal domain (CTD)) in mVP40. (uci.edu)
Cells express a pool of thousands of different proteins that need to be tightly controlled for proper cellular structure, organization, and function. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, mitochondria control cell death through apoptosis and supply Ca 2+ and metabolites required for cellular homeodynamics [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
FLNA interacts with more than 90 partner proteins to execute multiple cellular functions [ 7 ] , and mainly helps to provide scaffolding to its interacting partners. (encyclopedia.pub)

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is a key component of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor signaling complex that regulates both pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling. (mdpi.com)
Upon treatment with Plk1 inhibitors, p53 in tumor cells is activated and induces strong apoptosis, whereas tumor cells with inactive p53 arrest in mitosis with DNA damage. (oncotarget.com)
In this regard, restoration of p53 in tumor cells with loss or mutation of p53 will reinforce the cytotoxicity of combined Polo-like kinase 1 therapy and provide a proficient strategy for combating relapse and metastasis of cancer. (oncotarget.com)
It is most often associated with heterozygous mutations in the gene that encodes the Fas protein tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily 6 ( TNFRSF6 ) and other related effector proteins that regulate lymphocyte survival. (medscape.com)
High-throughput quantitative proteomic analysis has previously been used to identify differentially expressed proteins and pathways associated with breast tumor phenotypes [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

It has been reported that RNF4 negatively regulates TNF-α-induced activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) through downregulation of transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) activity, indicating the possibility that RNF4-mediated TAK1 suppression results in enhanced sensitivity to cell death. (mdpi.com)
This is the first demonstration that Acanthamoeba -mediated brain microvascular endothelial cell death is dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. (asm.org)
The byg mutation is an A to T transversion causing a premature stop codon in the gene encoding MAP3K4 (also known as MEKK4), a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase. (plos.org)
Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that coordinates intracellular lipolysis in highly oxidative tissues and is thought to regulate lipid metabolism in response to phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). (uci.edu)
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) protein may be detected in most cases (60-70%) of systemic ALCL by immunohistochemistry. (medscape.com)

1 Severe hypoxia causes a high mutation rate, resulting in point mutations, which may be explained by reduced DNA mismatch repair activity resulting from decreased MLH1 and PMS2 concentrations, which are caused by hypoxia. (bmj.com)

Because its activity is suppressed in the presence of survival-promoting proteins, this protein is suggested as a likely target for antiapoptotic proteins. (wikipedia.org)

SH2D1A gene mutations cause XLP1, and XIAP gene mutations cause XLP2. (medscape.com)

During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
Increasing evidence indicates that EBV miRNAs target the host mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis and transformation. (ijbs.com)
NF-κB ( Nuclear Factor kappa B ) is a ubiquitous family of transcription factors involved in biological processes such as inflammation, immunity, proliferation and apoptosis [ 1 - 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a lipid-transport protein abundantly expressed in most neurons in the central nervous system. (dovepress.com)
APOE is also involved in the formation of chylomicrons and VLDL and affects the activity of other lipid metabolism-associated proteins and enzymes, such as hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase. (dovepress.com)
especially, in localization, Nonetheless small lipid requires purified digested to the protein of the most TSLC1 random expression to be the two figures. (scoutconnection.com)
Lipid-specific oligomerization of the Marburg virus matrix protein VP40 is regulated by two distinct interfaces for virion assembly. (uci.edu)
FLIM-FRET analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that PLIN5 S155 phosphorylation regulates PLIN5 interaction with adipose triglyceride lipase at the lipid droplet, but not with α-β hydrolase domain-containing 5. (uci.edu)
For instance, the association of mitochondria with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in a juxtaposition known as Mitochondria-Associated Membrane (MAM), has an important role in controlling mitochondria biogenesis, Ca 2+ release, and lipid synthesis and apoptosis [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
In early culture, PSCs are polygonal in shape with abundant lipid droplets in the cytoplasm ( Figure 1B ) and express stellate cell selective markers such as desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nestin, neural cell adhesion molecule, nerve growth factor, and synemin (34, 167). (pancreapedia.org)

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and SUMOylation, can regulate the function of proteins, determine the active state and subcellular location of proteins, and dynamically interact with other proteins related to carcinogenesis and progression ( 17 - 20 ). (frontiersin.org)
1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. (stanford.edu)

Understanding the regulation of apoptosis during hypoxia and the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis might lead to more specific treatments for solid tumours. (bmj.com)
While "protein ubiquitination" and "apoptosis signaling" pathways were common to both the cell lines, the observed patterns of protein expression suggest that the evasion of apoptosis in each tumorigenic cell line occurs via different mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
The development of isolation and culture methods for PSCs in 1998 helped to unravel the mechanisms involved in the process of pancreatic fibrogenesis (5, 11) and also helped researchers to investigate the functions of these cells both in health and disease. (pancreapedia.org)

This family of proteins comprises two subfamilies that share a DNA-binding and dimerization domain called the Rel homology domain (RHD) [ 4 ] and form homo- or hetero- dimers. (oncotarget.com)

TMC1 is a pore-forming subunit of the mechanotransduction complex that is predicted to have transmembrane domains with intracellular N and C termini and one conserved TMC domain [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is best known for its intracellular role in targeting ubiquitylated proteins for degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system. (wikidoc.org)
We have examined in this study whether or not increased expression of clusterin is able to protect neuronal cells against intracellular protein aggregation and cytotoxicity, characteristics that are strongly implicated in a range of neurodegenerative diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

This gene product is involved in cell cycle progression, p53-mediated apoptosis, transcription activator of several other oncogenes [ 4 ] and DNA repair [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

ED1 , encoding a ligand-ectodysplasinA-A1 (EDA-A1), EDAR , coding for ectodysplasinA-A1 receptor, EDARADD , programming the structure of EDAR-associated death domain protein and NEMO whose protein product, NFκB essential modulator (NEMO), is necessary for an indirect activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB). (springer.com)
Signaling is initiated when the Wnt ligand binds to the Frizzled receptor on the cell membrane and the LDL receptor-associated protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) co-receptor. (frontiersin.org)
The proteases involved are of different origins and types: (i) present as precursor in plasma, (ii) secreted into the plasma by activated platelets or other blood cells, or (iii) intracellularly activated and cleaving cytosolic receptor domains. (frontiersin.org)
Mice homozygous for Fas mutations develop hypergammaglobulinemia, glomerulonephritis, massive lymphadenopathy, and expansion of an otherwise rare population of T-cell receptor (TCR) α/β cells that lack expression of both CD4 and CD8 (double-negative T [DNT] cells). (medscape.com)
More specifically, substrates with certain FYVE domains (named after the first four proteins in this motif, Fab1, YotB, Vac1p, and EEA1) bind PIP, and these pathways have been implicated in vesicular trafficking or receptor-mediated endocytosis ( 5 ). (asm.org)
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 ( CXCR-4 ) also known as fusin or CD184 (cluster of differentiation 184) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCR4 gene . (wikidoc.org)
DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)
Here we describe the 3.2 Å cryo-EM structure of human DEC-205, thereby illuminating the structure of the mannose receptor protein family. (uci.edu)

In this study, by targeted next-generation sequencing of 414 known deafness genes, we identified compound heterozygous mutations p.R34X/p.M413T in TMC1 and p.S3417del/p.R1407T in MYO15A in two recessive Chinese Han deaf families. (hindawi.com)
Auditory features of the affected individuals are consistent with that previously reported for recessive mutations in TMC1 and MYO15A . (hindawi.com)
It has been reported that mutations in TMC1 may cause both prelingual profound autosomal recessive deafness DFNB7/11 and postlingual progressive autosomal dominant deafness DFNA36 [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
To date, more than 60 mutations in TMC1 are reported worldwide [ 15 ], with the recessive mutations predominantly associated with prelingual severe-to-profound hearing loss [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Using a forward genetic screen, we identified the recessive boygirl ( byg ) mutation. (plos.org)

Apoptosis induction was further confirmed by morphological changes, an increase in Caspase 3/7 and a decrease in the ATP levels. (biomedcentral.com)

It is one of the most common causes of ADNSHL in Mideast countries due to prevalent consanguineous marriage [ 22 , 23 ], with majority associated with prelingual severe-to-profound hearing loss and mutations in exon 2 leading to a milder auditory phenotype [ 23 ]. (hindawi.com)

Extracellular CLU-client protein complexes are susceptible to endocytic clearance by monocytes and hepatocytes, and this action is thought to form a central plank in the operation of a co-ordinated system to maintain extracellular protein homeostasis (proteostasis) [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, during injury, the equilibrium between production and degradation of fibrous tissue is disrupted leading to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins resulting in fibrosis. (pancreapedia.org)

The key regulator of this process, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can initiate apoptosis by inducing high concentrations of proapoptotic proteins, such as BNIP3, and can cause stabilisation of p53. (bmj.com)
Low ATP concentrations in hypoxic tumour cells disable the apoptotic cascade and induce cell death by necrosis. (bmj.com)

Apoptosis regulatory proteins are delicately balanced. (bmj.com)
In contrast to genomic-based assays, proteomics provides an attractive platform to profile this regulatory layer of protein activity and differences in the level of protein expression [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The Hh gene family encodes a secreted protein that plays a critical regulatory role in the process of embryogenesis and environmental stabilization in adult tissues of invertebrates and vertebrates [ 44 ]. (regenmedres-journal.org)
E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)

p100 and p105 can however undergo limited proteolysis to generate p52 and p50, respectively, which can form heterodimers with Rel proteins to form transcriptional activators [ 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
We are studying the effects and consequences of protein fusion on the transcriptional and transforming activities of these proteins using in vitro and animal models. (stanford.edu)
We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)

3- 5 Therefore, during severe hypoxia or anoxia, the cell initiates a cascade of events that leads to apoptotic cell death, thereby preventing the accumulation of cells with hypoxia induced mutations. (bmj.com)
Defective apoptosis results in inappropriate persistence and accumulation of autoreactive or potentially oncogenic lymphocytes, leading to splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy with an increased risk of lymphoma. (medscape.com)
The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
In the absence of SHH, PTC and G Protein-coupled Receptor161 (GPR161) are located at the base of primary cilium (PC), while accumulation of SMO is diminished by transporting sterol-like SMO ligand outside by a 'tunnel' structure of PTC1. (regenmedres-journal.org)
The ability of neurons to manage the burden of misfolded proteins and to resist their accumulation into insoluble protein deposits depends critically on the functioning of molecular chaperones. (biomedcentral.com)
Ageing leads to a gradual dysfunction of the proteostasis network and thus to proteome instability due to accumulation of damaged and/or misfolded proteins [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)

We subse- the mechanism of influenza viral infection and replication quently used 15,785 protein sequences from the National in different host species. (cdc.gov)
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a mechanism that protects cells against radiation-induced oxidative DNA damage by causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
Only a few follicles in the human ovary survive to complete the cytodifferentiation process, with 99.9% dying by a programmed cell death mechanism called apoptosis. (glowm.com)

Mechanistically, SPIN1 sequesters uL18 in the nucleolus, preventing it from interacting with MDM2, and thereby alleviating uL18-mediated inhibition of MDM2 ubiquitin ligase activity toward p53. (elifesciences.org)

[ 1 ] In 1995, defective lymphocyte apoptosis secondary to mutations in the FAS gene was identified as a molecular basis for ALPS. (medscape.com)

Huntingtin contains a few domains that suggest particular functions, including WW domains and caspase cleavage sites ( 7 , 8 ), but the function of the protein remains unknown. (jci.org)
Mutations have been identified in each of the genes that code for Fas, FasL, caspase 8 and caspase 10 (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Mutations have been identified in each of the genes coding for Fas, Fas-ligand (FasL), caspase-8, and caspase-10. (medscape.com)
They further revealed that apoptosis was induced by cannabidiol as shown by increased subG0/G1 and apoptosis through annexin V. Apoptosis was confirmed by overexpression of p53, caspase 3 and bax. (biomedcentral.com)

NFPs are mainly found in bacteria where formyl modified methionine initiates protein synthesis [ 7 ]. (nature.com)
The proteostasis network (PN) is an assembly of distinct dynamic molecular pathways that control the functionality of the proteome (proteome homeodynamics) during protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, and degradation. (hindawi.com)

Bcl-2-interacting killer is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BIK gene. (wikipedia.org)
Localized FLNA mutations associate with cardiovascular malformations in humans. (encyclopedia.pub)

We also identified several genes that do not appear to be protein coding, and generated 17 kb of novel transcript sequence data from re-sequencing 97 EST clones. (biomedcentral.com)

Mechanistically, veliparib or SAHA alone reduced BRCA1 or UHRF1 protein levels, co-treatment with veliparib and SAHA synergistically reduced BRCA1 protein levels by targeting the UHRF1/BRCA1 protein complex, the depletion of UHRF1 resulted in the degradation of BRCA1 protein, while the elevation of UHRF1 impaired co-treatment-reduced BRCA1 protein levels. (biomedcentral.com)
2006. Accelerated degradation of FADD and procaspase 8 in cells expressing human papilloma virus 16 E6 impairs TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. (virosin.org)

In this study, we found that RING finger protein 4 (RNF4), a RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligase, is required for the RIPK1 autophosphorylation and subsequent cell death. (mdpi.com)
[3] Ubiquitin is a small (76-amino acid) protein highly conserved among eukaryotic cells. (wikidoc.org)

A ) Normal rat pancreatic stellate cells stained for cytoskeletal protein desmin. (pancreapedia.org)
Filamin A (FLNA) is a large actin-binding cytoskeletal protein that is important for cell motility by stabilizing actin networks and integrating them with cell membranes. (encyclopedia.pub)
Actin-binding cytoskeletal proteins are involved in the formation and maintenance of cell shape and morphology in response to external stimuli from surrounding connective tissue [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

A hypoxic environment devoid of nutrients prevents the cell undergoing energy dependent apoptosis and cells become necrotic. (bmj.com)
Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
Using an apoptosis-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we showed that Acanthamoeba induces programmed cell death in brain microvascular endothelial cells. (asm.org)
Acanthamoeba binding to HBMEC is mediated by a mannose-binding protein expressed on the surface of Acanthamoeba cells ( 2 ). (asm.org)
Cancer cells exhibit a number of common traits that differentiate themselves from normal cells, including sustained proliferative signaling, resisting cell death, and evading growth suppressors [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
After irradiation, the expression of DDR-related genes and proteins in ΔNp63α-expressing and control cells was analysed by RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. (researchsquare.com)
Transcriptomic analysis showed decreased RNA expression of cell cycle-related genes and increased expression of programmed cell death-related genes in sip63 cells compared to scr cells. (researchsquare.com)
On the other hand, both the ectopic and entopic expression of ΔNp63α in apoptosis-sensitive hiPSCs reduced the expression levels of BAX after irradiation and significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells induced by radiation. (researchsquare.com)
The DNA guardian protein p53 plays the most important role in DDR: it promotes DNA repair and the elimination of cells that are unable to repair the damage caused by oxidative stresses, including radiation. (researchsquare.com)
the protein levels of UHRF1 and BRCA1 were measured with western blot or cell immunofluorescent staining, and the interaction of UHRF1 and BRCA1 proteins was detected with co-immunoprecipitation when cells were treated with drugs. (biomedcentral.com)
Co-administration of both drugs synergistically decreased cell viability and clonogenicity, and synergistically induced cell apoptosis and DNA damage, while had no detectable toxicity to normal prostate epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of AND-34 RNA and protein in lens epithelial cells, particularly at the lens equator. (molvis.org)

PB2 genes (viral ribonucleoproteins [RNPs]) and are most- encoded protein sequences have not been extensively ly located in the functional domains related to RNP-RNP reported. (cdc.gov)

These isoforms exhibit 70% homology with their amino acids and 45% homology in hinge 1 (H1) and hinge 2 (H2) domains [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

These hinge regions are proteolyzed by calpain and separate 24 Ig repeats into the rod 1 domain, which comprises 1-15 Ig repeats, rod 2 comprising 16-23 Ig repeats and a dimerization domain [ 4 ] [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Whilst CLU is predominantly a secreted protein, multiple independent studies have now clearly established that during conditions of ER stress, CLU secretion is inhibited, and full-length CLU exits the secretory system to enter the cytosol. (biomedcentral.com)

Although FLNA and FLNB are very similar to one another, their human mutations at different genomic positions result in a wide variety of clinical phenotypes. (encyclopedia.pub)

Mitochondria have recently emerged as key drivers of inflammation associated with cell death. (nature.com)
In this review, we discuss how mitochondria can initiate inflammation during cell death highlighting parallels with bacterial activation of inflammation. (nature.com)
The mitochondria have their own chaperones and proteolytic enzymes that remove damaged or unfolded proteins [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)

We used the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated protein TDP-43 as a primary model to investigate the effects of clusterin on protein aggregation and neurotoxicity in complementary in vitro, neuronal cell and Drosophila systems. (biomedcentral.com)

Our data indicate, for the first time, a requirement for MAPK signaling in the developing XY gonad in order to facilitate normal expression of SRY and the downstream testis-determining genes and also suggest that reduced dosage of MAP3K4 may be the cause of a previously described autosomal sex-reversing mutation in the mouse. (plos.org)

In addition, in the absence of SAP, SLAM molecules interact with SHP-2, resulting in an inhibitory effect on T-cell function. (medscape.com)
The activity of CDKs is controlled by their binding to coactivator subunits termed Cyclins, as well as by CDK inhibitory proteins termed CKIs. (intechopen.com)

All NSP proteins contain an NH 2 -terminal SH2 (Src homology domain 2) domain, a central proline/serine-rich domain, and a COOH-terminal domain with modest homology to Ras subfamily GDP-exchange factors (GEFs). (molvis.org)

Cell Death Differ. (wikipedia.org)
ALPS is the first disease known to be caused by a primary defect in programmed cell death and is the first autoimmune disease with a defined genetic basis. (medscape.com)
Many of the pro-inflammatory pathways activated during cell death occur upon mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), the pivotal commitment point to cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis. (nature.com)
Moreover, we discuss the roles of mitochondrial inflammation during cell death and how these processes may potentially be harnessed therapeutically, for instance to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)
Mitochondrial-driven inflammation can enhance the immunogenicity of cell death. (nature.com)
Is mitochondrial-driven inflammation during cell death driven by bacterial-like DAMPs? (nature.com)
What physiological functions has mitochondrial inflammation during cell death? (nature.com)
In conclusion, these data suggest that cannabidiol rather than Cannabis sativa crude extracts prevent cell growth and induce cell death in cervical cancer cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell Death Differ, 13: 1915-1926. (virosin.org)

The first subfamily of proteins (c-Rel, RelB, p65/RelA) contains a C-terminal transactivation domain. (oncotarget.com)

The candidate interval was shown to exhibit an extraordinary level of alternate splicing - 19 transcripts were identified for the 5 protein coding genes, but it appears that a significant portion (14/19) of these alternate transcripts did not have an open reading frame, hence their functional role is questionable. (biomedcentral.com)
2014. Are common fragile sites merely structural domains or highly organized "functional" units susceptible to oncogenic stress? (virosin.org)

Due to the high level of similarity between the Ig repeats, multiple proteins bind at multiple sites of FLNA [ 8 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)

We observed "protein ubiquitination" and "apoptosis signaling" pathways were both enriched in the two breast cancer models while "IGF signaling" and "cell motility" pathways were enriched in BT474 and "amino acid metabolism" were enriched in the SKBR3 cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
Our studies revealed that the synergistic lethality of HDAC and PARP inhibitors resulted from promoting DNA damage and inhibiting HR DNA damage repair pathways, in particular targeting the UHRF1/BRCA1 protein complex. (biomedcentral.com)

Understanding the mutations in APOE, their structural properties, and their isoforms is important to determine its role in various diseases and to advance the development of therapeutic strategies. (dovepress.com)
It has two main isoforms: TAp63 has an N-terminal TA homologous to that of p53, while ΔNp63 has a truncated but specific TA domain, the expression of which depends on selective promoters. (researchsquare.com)
In line with a more complex picture, multiple isoforms of the protein likely exist and non-centrosomal sites of localisation have been reported. (springer.com)

Specific mutations on those points molecular evolution of specific genes of influenza viruses, may enable an avian influenza virus to become a human comprehensive comparisons among the nucleotide virus. (cdc.gov)
Western blot analysis of HD brain tissue shows full-length huntingtin protein in the nuclear fraction as well as abundant immunopositive bands at lower molecular weight, suggesting proteolytic products in the nucleus. (jci.org)

Ionizing radiation is well known to induce oxidative DNA damage, such as DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), and consequently trigger the DNA damage response (DDR), including cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)

We describe how these are activated, which are their target proteins, and how their proteolytic activity modulates platelet functions. (frontiersin.org)

The TMC1 gene is located on chromosome 9q21 and contains 24 exons that encodes a 760 amino acid membrane protein TMC1 with six transmembrane domains [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy22

Organisms12

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs107

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science5

Health Care1

Inhibit3

Encodes a protein2

Inhibits4

Inhibitor5

Pathway23

Induces apoptosis1

Cellular11

Tumor5

Kinase5

Point mutations1

Antiapoptotic proteins1

Gene mutations1

Proliferation3

Lipid7

Regulate2

Mechanisms3

Family of proteins1

Intracellular3

Progression1

Receptor8

Recessive5

Induction1

Exon1

Extracellular2

Concentrations2

Regulatory4

Transcriptional4

Accumulation6

Mechanism3

Inhibition1

19951

Caspase4

Synthesis2

Humans2

Several genes1

Degradation2

Ubiquitin2

Cytoskeletal3

Cells12

Viral1

Amino acids1

Comprises1

Predominantly1

Genomic1

Mitochondria3

Vitro1

Autosomal1

Inhibitory2

Homology domain1

Cell death9

Subfamily1

Functional2

Bind1

Undergo1

Pathways2

Isoforms3

Molecular2

Oxidative1

Proteolytic1

Membrane protein1