• We assembled and aligned the S. haematobium sequences to the genomes of S. mansoni and S. japonicum , identifying microsatellite DNA loci across all three species and designing primers to amplify the loci in S. haematobium . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sequence conservation among S. haematobium, S. japonicum, and S. mansoni is relatively high, thus it should now be possible to identify markers that are universal among Schistosoma species (i.e., using DNA sequences conserved among species) , as well as other markers that are specific to species or species-groups (i.e., using DNA sequences that differ among species). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Full genome-sequencing of additional species and specimens of S. haematobium, S. japonicum, and S. mansoni is desirable to better characterize differences within and among these species, to develop additional genetic markers, and to examine genes as well as conserved non-coding elements associated with drug resistance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Urogenital schistosomiasis is caused by Schistosoma haematobium and intestinal schistosomiasis by any of the organisms S. guineensis, S. intercalatum, S. mansoni, S. japonicum , and S. mekongi . (infontd.org)
  • At least five known species infect humans, the three most common being Schistosoma haematobium , S japonicum , and S mansoni . (appliedradiology.com)
  • For example, S haematobium usually infects the urinary system, while S japonicum and S mansoni migrate and infect areas in the gastrointestinal tract. (appliedradiology.com)
  • 1 At this point, S haematobium migrates to the venous plexus of the bladder, while S japonicum and mansoni migrate to the venules in the small and large intestine. (appliedradiology.com)
  • Intestinal schistosomiasis caused by infection with the trematodes Schistosoma mansoni , S. mekongi , S. japonicum, and S. intercalatum , and urinary schistosomiasis caused by infection with S. haematobium . (ijpjournal.com)
  • Human schistosomiasis is caused by any of six species of blood flukes, namely Schistosoma mansoni , S. japonicum , S. haematobium , S. mekongi , S. intercalatum and S. guineensis [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Schistosomiasis is a major neglected tropical disease mainly caused by Schistosoma haematobium, S. japonicum and S. mansoni, and results in the greatest disease burden. (worktribe.com)
  • Yet, little is known about the consequences of mixed Schistosoma infections for the human host. (itg.be)
  • Here, we investigated the relationship between mixed Schistosoma infections and morbidity in the same population. (itg.be)
  • CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first population-wide study on the relationship between mixed Schistosoma infections and morbidity. (itg.be)
  • Mixed infections did not increase the risk of S. mansoni-associated morbidity. (itg.be)
  • Chemotherapy in the control of Schistosoma haematobium infections in the Gambia : a primary health care approach / by Abdoulie Dodou Jack. (who.int)
  • Challenges include: transmission heterogeneity requiring micro-targeting of interventions, post-treatment recrudescence of infections in transmission hotspots, biological complexity of intermediate host snails, emergence of livestock Schistosoma species complicating surveillance whilst creating the risk for interspecies hybridisation, insufficient diagnostics performance for light intensity infections and female genital schistosomiasis, and a lack of acceptable sanitary alternatives to freshwater bodies. (infontd.org)
  • Of the 300 children screened, 32(10.7%) had intestinal parasitic infections while 41(13.6%) of the children were infected with S. haematobium . (ispub.com)
  • and the poor people of under developed nations experience a cycle where under nutrition and repeated infections lead to excess morbidity that can continue from generation to generation [ 13 ]. (ispub.com)
  • According to a World Bank report, morbidity due to helminth infections accounts for an estimated 20% of the disability-adjusted life years lost due to infectious diseases in children less than 14 years old [ 15 ]. (ispub.com)
  • Similarly, infection with S. haematobium does not always result in clinical disease, and many infections are asymptomatic, S. haematobium infection however could cause haematuria, dysuria, nutritional deficiencies, lesion of the bladder, kidney failure, and an elevated risk of bladder cancer [ 18 ]. (ispub.com)
  • The search included studies published from 2008 to 2017 (August) with emphasis on the efficacy of praziquantel on S. haematobium and S. mansoni infections among preschool and school children. (biomedcentral.com)
  • relationships of schistosoma haematobium, hookworm and malarial infections and metrifonate treatment to growth of kenyan school children. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • relationships of s. haematobium, hookworm and malarial infections to growth 6 months after metrifonate treatment were studied in kenyan primary school children in an area where poor growth, s. haematobium and hookworm were common and malaria was endemic. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • to obtain a better understanding of the possible influence of swamp rice farming on the patterns of schistosoma mansoni and schistosoma haematobium infections, the populations of two communities in rural liberia were studied. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • In the search for means to better prevent new Schistosoma infections, attention has returned to an older strategy for transmission control, i.e., chemical mollusciciding, to suppress intermediate host snail species responsible for S. mansoni and S. haematobium transmission. (scite.ai)
  • Inflammation dynamics after praziquantel treatment of Schistosoma haematobium reflected by urinary eosinophil cationic protein. (nih.gov)
  • One goal of the SCORE program is to understand and document whether changes in drug tolerance arise during different drug administration programs, and specific genetic assays are needed to better monitor population structure and potential changes in Schistosoma populations under praziquantel treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Annual praziquantel treatment delivered to school children over 2 years significantly reduce prevalence, intensity of infection and reinfection of S. haematobium infection. (edctpalumninetwork.org)
  • Effect of Four Rounds of Annual School-Wide Mass Praziquantel Treatment for Schistosoma Mansoni Control on Schistosome Specific Immune Responses. (ac.ke)
  • The present study assessed Schistosoma haematobium and STH infection and morbidity patterns among school children in a hyper-endemic focus in the Tana River delta of coastal Kenya. (ac.ke)
  • BACKGROUND: The global distribution map of schistosomiasis shows a large overlap of Schistosoma haematobium- and S. mansoni-endemic areas in Africa. (itg.be)
  • African countries in which the disease is highly endemic achieved morbidity control and have substantially lower levels of transmission. (who.int)
  • Urinary schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium constitutes a major public health problem in many tropical and sub-tropical countries and is reportedly endemic in 53 counties in the Middle East and most of the African continent [ 10 11 ]. (ispub.com)
  • Evaluation of schistosomiasis control programs, a snail-borne disease caused by Schistosoma spp, requires accurate diagnostic techniques to assess the infection status when low prevalence is achieved in endemic areas under mass drug administration (MDA). (unl.pt)
  • This systematic review was conducted to identify gaps and recent progress on the efficacy of different regimens of praziquantel in treating schistosomiasis among children in sub-Saharan Africa where Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium are endemic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This dosage has been largely used in mass drug administration (MDA) programmes in endemic countries to reduce the morbidity of the disease [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The infection is prevalent in Kenya, especially in endemic areas, contributing to significant morbidity. (hindawi.com)
  • Background: Female genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) caused by Schistosoma haematobium is a significant public health problem among women living in endemic areas. (ac.ke)
  • Evaluation of the Health-related Quality of Life of Children in Schistosoma Haematobium-endemic Communities in Kenya: a Cross-sectional Study. (ac.ke)
  • Laboratory diagnosis are inadequate consequently, for women of reproductive age living in areas endemic for S. haematobium , FGS remains highly prevalent and under- diagnosed due to low index of suspicion among health-care professionals. (researchkey.net)
  • A genus of small freshwater snails of the order Pulmonata, found throughout Africa and the Middle East, where it is a vector of SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM. (lookformedical.com)
  • snails, and estimate its impact on local human Schistosoma infection.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe review was registered at inception with PROSPERO (CRD42013006869). (scite.ai)
  • Eligible studies included published or unpublished mollusciciding field trials performed before January 2014 involving host snails for S. mansoni or S. haematobium, with a primary focus on the use of niclosamide. (scite.ai)
  • The schistosoma blood flukes have a unique life cycle requiring two hosts to reproduce and survive. (appliedradiology.com)
  • Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (trematoda flat worms) of genus Schistosoma .FGS is mostly caused by the presence of S.haematobium eggs lodged in the female reproductive tract. (researchkey.net)
  • Infection with flukes (trematodes) of the genus SCHISTOSOMA. (lookformedical.com)
  • Due to the high prevalence and morbidity caused by schistosomiasis (or bilharziasis) in the country, we suspect that the involvement of Schistosoma infection on appendicular pathology could be very frequent, in particular for those individuals more exposed to the parasite transmission. (unl.pt)
  • Schistosoma haematobium-specific bladder morbidity was observed in 83% and S. mansoni-specific hepatic fibrosis in 27% of the participants. (itg.be)
  • Bladder morbidity was positively associated with S. haematobium infection intensity (OR = 1.9 (95% CI 1.3-2.9) for a 10-fold increase in intensity). (itg.be)
  • They even tended to reduce the risk of S. haematobium-associated morbidity, suggesting a protective effect of S. mansoni infection on bladder morbidity. (itg.be)
  • Long-term suppression of adult bladder morbidity and severe hydronephrosis following selective population chemotherapy for Schistosoma haematobium. (ajtmh.org)
  • The bladder lesions have been associated with schistosomiasis (ie, Schistosoma haematobium ). (medscape.com)
  • Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis) is a parasitic infestation associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality in third world countries, especially in Africa [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In spite of severe morbidity and mortality, schistosomiasis remains a neglected disease, especially for girls and women. (brightresearch.org)
  • Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis cause substantial morbidity and mortality among hundreds of millions of infected persons worldwide. (qxmd.com)
  • no Schistosoma ova were detected in urine specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • In the second case, a 15 year old male presented with LUTS for a 1 year duration and was diagnosed to have schistosomiasis after eggs of Schistosoma haematobium were found in his urine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Following a baseline study, S. haematobium egg load was determined using the urine filtration technique and microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study assessed the validity of a morbidity questionnaire and urine reagent strips as a rapid tool for screening schoolchildren for urinary schistosomiasis as compared with the presence of eggs in urine as the gold- standard parasitological diagnosis. (who.int)
  • schistosoma haematobium infection (less than 10 eggs ml-1 urine) was present in three patients. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Urine samples were subjected to a point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) cassette test and a centrifugation method to check for both S. mansoni and S. haematobium infection, respectively. (researchsquare.com)
  • In Cameroon despite high community prevelence of urine-patient, S. haematobium infection is yet to be studied in depth. (researchkey.net)
  • 2008) With predictions to colonize the lower pelvic venous system, especially the vesical plexus , eggs of S.haematobium are typically voided in urine and detected by urine microscopy ( Stothard et al ,2014). (researchkey.net)
  • Freshly passed mid-day urine samples of 56 individuals were screened using chemical reagent strips and then diagnosed microscopically for Schistosoma haematobium . (e-urol-sci.com)
  • Given the restricted distribution of Schistosoma mekongi in one province in Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) and two provinces in Cambodia, together with progress of the national control programmes aimed at reducing morbidity and infection prevalence, the elimination of schistosomiasis mekongi seems feasible. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Schistosoma-specific morbidity was assessed by ultrasound according to WHO guidelines. (itg.be)
  • In 2010, only 12.2% of people at risk of schistosomiasis morbidity and 22.8% of school-age children at risk of morbidity due to soil-transmitted helminthiases benefitted from preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel and with benzimidazoles, respectively. (who.int)
  • Un 40% de esos trabajos han sido publicados en revistas del primer cuartil entre las que destacan New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet, Lancet Infectious Diseases, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Journal Clinical Microbiology, Journal Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Mayo Clinic Proceedings y Malaria Journal. (unav.edu)
  • 1996). Snail host control measures are best considered as part of an integrated approach in schistosomiasis morbidity control activities, dominated by population-based chemotherapy (Ripert 2003, Clennon et al. (scite.ai)
  • during a study in kenya of the relationships between schistosoma haematobium infection and anemia and growth, evidence was found to suggest that this infection was associated with splenomegaly in children, and that both splenomegaly and hepatomegaly regressed in children treated for urinary schistosomiasis, compared with a placebo group. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Schistosomiasis is a major public health and 14.00 hours, since this approach problem in Yemen, second in impor- Study population ensured that the eggs of S. haematobium tance only to malaria. (who.int)
  • statistical methods analyzing changes in dispersion patterns of parasites among hosts were applied to schistosoma haematobium egg excretion data from a five-year study of a cohort of 1,400 boys in 3 villages in upper egypt. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Schistosomiasis (also called bilharzia) is a vector- borne disease caused by trematoda flat worms of the genus Schistosoma. (researchkey.net)
  • 600 000 suffer clinical morbidity [1]. (who.int)
  • En mayo de 2007 obtuve el Certificate of Training in Molecular Biological Techniques en el Department of Molecular Biology y desde Junio de 2008 a Junio de 2009 completé el Certificate in Clinical Research en el Center for Translational Science Activities en Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester Minnesota. (unav.edu)
  • 5% in 2020, and the absence of severe morbidities. (infontd.org)
  • Individuals in whom Th2 responses against egg antigens predominate show less severe egg-associated morbidity than those where Th1 responses predominate. (hindawi.com)
  • We sequenced 1,058,114 random DNA fragments from clonal cercariae collected from a snail infected with a single Schistosoma haematobium miracidium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • subcutaneous vaccination with cord factor (4.50 mg) and muramyl dipeptide (4.56 mg) 6 days before percutaneous exposure to 3000 schistosoma haematobium cercariae/baboon (c.p.b.) failed to protect naive baboons: baboons with a 7-month-old, 5000 c.p.b. s. haematobium primary infection had developed too strong a natural immunity to detect any protection attributable to vaccination. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Treatment was also observed to cause a reduction in schistosome-specific blocking IgG4 and an increase in Schistosoma -specific protecting IgG1. (edctpalumninetwork.org)
  • PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Complete parasitological and morbidity data were obtained from 403 individuals. (itg.be)
  • However, findings on efficacy of repeated doses in co-infection of S. mansoni and S. haematobium were not conclusive. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The impact of mass drug administration on Schistosoma haematobium infection: what is required to achieve morbidity control and elimination? (beds.ac.uk)
  • Using an individual based stochastic model and data from two different age-intensity profiles of infection prevalence and intensity, we explore the effect of mass drug treatment (MDA) on S. haematobium and examine whether we can achieve the WHO goals of morbidity control and elimination as a public health problem by using the current guidelines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several efforts are underway to control S. haematobium , including the Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation (SCORE) program ( http://score.uga.edu/index.html ), which was established in 2008 to answer strategic questions about schistosomiasis control and elimination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The main morbidities due to S. mansoni infection in preschool-aged children (PSAC) i.e. under 6 years, are anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, and hepatic fibrosis with a higher risk in PSAC of age group 37-60 months (6). (researchsquare.com)
  • Fewer than 33% of refugees had evidence of an active infection known to cause splenomegaly at the time of assessment (via positive malaria antigen, hepatitis B antigen, or Schistosoma ova). (cdc.gov)
  • Assessment of morbidity in Schistosoma haematobium infection: current methods and future tools. (nih.gov)
  • Serological surveys carried out in 2009 confirmed the interruption of S. haematobium transmission.2 Tools for assessment and confirmation of the interruption of schistosomiasis transmission were validated in those surveys. (who.int)
  • This study aimed for assessment of antischistosomal properties of an antimalarial drug, mefloquine (MFQ), on juvenile and adult Schistosoma haematobium worms. (eg.net)
  • Diagnostic performance was poor for 2 items in the morbidity questionnaire (self-reported history of previous infection and self-reported history of antischistosomal treatment). (who.int)
  • Early and regular administration of the anthelminthic drugs recommended by WHO such albendazole, mebendazole, diethylcarbamazine (citrate), ivermectin, levamisole, praziquantel, pyrantel reduces the occurrence, extent, severity and long-term consequences of morbidity, and in certain epidemiological conditions contributes to sustained reduction in transmission 3 generally wide range of chemical compound are used as Anthelmintics which is classified as under 5 . (ijpjournal.com)
  • The reduction in the cytokine levels can be directly related to the influence of the drug praziquantel, modulating the cytokine response by elimination of adult worms, decline in parasitic load, and reduction of morbidity. (hindawi.com)
  • Molecular tools, in particular, will allow researchers to determine whether changes in gene frequencies provide insight into the effectiveness of treatment, understand the impacts of treatment on the gene pool and population structure of Schistosoma parasites, and establish whether movement of humans from refugia or non-treated areas introduces new parasites into local populations [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • despite significant changes in mean density of the parasites in the first 4 years, the degree of aggregation of s. haematobium among the cohort did not change markedly in analysis of egg count data obtained semiannually. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Even with treatment, morbidity rates can be high because recurrences are very common with all treatment modalities. (medscape.com)
  • Blood samples from the participants were assayed for total and S. haematobium (Sh13)-specific antibodies before and 2 years after annual rounds of treatment. (edctpalumninetwork.org)
  • Schistosoma -infected children at baseline showed an increase in anti- Sh 13 IgG1 ( p = 0.005) and a decrease in Sh 13 IgG4 levels ( p = 0.012) following treatment. (edctpalumninetwork.org)
  • Schistosoma haematobium or S. mansoni and large-scale control efforts include providing regular treatment to at-risk groups and supporting drug delivery through schools. (who.int)
  • Patients with a chronic infection caused by S haematobium most commonly present with hematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency, and suprapubic discomfort. (appliedradiology.com)
  • After suprapubic aspiration, the cause of the obstructive uropathy was found to be several mature live worms of Schistosoma haematobium . (biomedcentral.com)
  • A suprapubic puncture was done with extraction of several live worms which were confirmed to be S. haematobium in the laboratory (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results concluded by this study elucidate promising MFQ antischistosomal efficacy on both juvenile and adult stages of S. haematobium with more evident effect on juvenile forms, which enforces the potential use of MFQ as an effective antischistosomal drug. (eg.net)
  • The review indicates that further investigations are necessary to conclusively determine efficacy of praziquantel on coinfection of S. haematobium and S. mansoni to formulate concrete guidelines on the use of repeated doses at 40 or 60 mg/kg for treating schistosomiasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • schistosoma haematobium in upper egypt: analysis of dispersion patterns. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • We have now developed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for identifying Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium to facilitate large-scale evaluation of post-intervention transmission potential. (huji.ac.il)