• More emerging treatments are in the clinical trials such as Bendavia in targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and using Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the toxicities of certain diseases and many drugs. (fda.gov)
  • These results bear on the understanding of a fundamental mode of mitochondrial dysfunction during tubule injury and on strategies to prevent and reverse it. (uthscsa.edu)
  • The lysosomal accumulation of cystine leads to severe dysfunction of the epithelial cells lining the proximal tubule of the kidney, causing defective endocytosis and massive losses of solutes in the urine. (uzh.ch)
  • Not pictured is Ninoshka (Nino) Mendonca, a 2nd year medical school student at Tulane University who is interested in biomedical research on the roles of angiotensin II in mediating mitochondrial dysfunction in hypertension and kidney diseases using mouse and human proximal tubule cells. (tulane.edu)
  • The mechanism of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury includes oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, which result in apoptosis, necrosis and ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells, causing rapid loss of kidney function [ 8 - 11 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Various studies have reported that adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) can cause proximal renal tubular complex dysfunction, hypophosphatemic osteomalacia (HO) and even Fanconi syndrome since it was first used in the long-term treatment of chronic hepatitis B in 2002 [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fanconi syndrome is due to dysfunction of the renal proximal tubule resulting in the urinary loss of substances normally reabsorbed by the kidney at this site, such as bicarbonate, glucose, amino acids, phosphate, small proteins, and uric acid. (bmj.com)
  • In this issue, we generally review the mechanisms of cellular senescence in diabetic nephropathy, which involve telomere attrition, DNA damage, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, loss of Klotho, Wnt/ β -catenin signaling activation, persistent inflammation, and accumulation of uremic toxins. (hindawi.com)
  • Others have found elevated oxidized glutathione in the cystinotic proximal tubular epithelial cell line, suggesting increased oxidative stress that may contribute to tubular dysfunction in cystinosis. (medscape.com)
  • Human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells with over-expressed organic anion transporter 1 (RPTEC-OAT1) were exposed to serial dilutions of 5 AFFF (A-E), 5 SFFF (F-J), and 7 frequently detected PFAS in cell culture media for 6 - 24 hours. (cdc.gov)
  • In kidneys suffering from ischemia-reperfusion and in renal tubular epithelial cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation, NCX extrudes Na + in exchange for Ca 2+ influx, resulting in intracellular Ca 2+ overload and tubular epithelial cell injury (Yamashita J, S Kita, T Iwamoto et al. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • Correction of the primary lysosomal defect, neutralization of mitochondrial oxidative stress, or blockage of tight junction-associated YBX3 signaling rescue epithelial function and endocytic uptake. (uzh.ch)
  • Objective In addition to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis have an important role in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced kidney damage. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Anaerobic metabolism of α-KG + aspartate generated ATP and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential. (uthscsa.edu)
  • This is because in a high-fat diet model, accumulation of phospholipids resulted in enlarged lysosomes within proximal tubular cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lead is absorbed by the proximal tubular cells of the renal tubules, where it binds to specific lead-binding proteins. (medscape.com)
  • Over the last few decades, it has been studied that the mechanisms of cisplatin-induced kidney damage are complex and involved numerous cellular and molecular processes including inflammation, apoptosis, accumulation of cisplatin in renal tubular cells via renal drug transporters, Ctr1 and OCT2, and involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways [ 3 ] [ 4 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
  • In particular, extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, one of the MAPK pathway is considered as an important mediator of signal transduction processes, namely cell survival, cell division, gene expression, and cell metabolism that plays role in injury, death, and inflammation of kidney tubular cells due to cisplatin administration [ 5 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
  • This could lead to an acute kidney injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • Removal of lead using chelation therapy reverses the proximal reabsorptive defect and removes the intranuclear inclusion bodies of acute lead nephropathy. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, functional studies have shown that TonEBP is involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, acute kidney injury, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance, autoimmune diseases (including type 1 diabetes mellitus and multiple sclerosis), salt-sensitive hypertension and hepatocellular carcinoma. (nature.com)
  • Cisplatin is widely recommended in combination for the treatment of tumors, thus inevitably increasing the incidence of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. (ijbs.com)
  • Here, we investigated the mechanism underlying both BNIP3-mediated and PINK1-PARK2-mediated mitophagy-induced attenuation of ferroptosis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. (ijbs.com)
  • Drug-induced acute kidney injury is the second most common cause of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients, especially in the intensive care unit[ 1 , 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Among all types of acute kidney injury, drug-induced acute kidney injury accounts for 14-37.5% in several studies [ 3 , 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Nephrotoxic drugs, such as antibiotics (gentamicin), diuretics (furosemide), chemotherapeutic drugs (cisplatin) and calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus), induce acute kidney injury [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • During cisplatin treatment, approximately 20%-30% of patients develop acute kidney injury [ 7 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Elucidating the precise molecular mechanisms underlying cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury will provide evidence for future treatment. (ijbs.com)
  • acute and chronic kidney disease-their statistical data, and the conventional drugs used for treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The GFR examination and albuminuria, a marker of kidney damage, are both used by nephrologists to categorise kidney conditions into two categories: acute and chronic kidney disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An unexpected decrease in urine output followed by a rise in serum creatinine concentration, including an inability to excrete waste, keep-up electrolytes, and maintain water balance, is termed acute kidney injury (AKI) or acute renal failure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While developmental senescence and acute senescence may positively contribute to the fine-tuning of embryogenesis and injury repair, chronic senescence, when unresolved promptly, plays a crucial role in kidney fibrogenesis and CKD progression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Outcome of acute kidney injury: how to make a difference? (springeropen.com)
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most frequent organ failure encountered among intensive care unit patients. (springeropen.com)
  • Activation of pro-caspase 9 is dependent on mitochondrial signaling pathways which are regulated by the Bcl-2 family of proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • The lead-binding proteins are postulated to facilitate the movement of lead across the mitochondrial membranes. (medscape.com)
  • Mitochondria-related genes are regions on DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which encode proteins that are important for mitochondrial structure and function. (fda.gov)
  • One of the unique features of mitochondria is that they contain their own small, circular DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and independent machinery of ribosomal and transfer RNAs (ribonucleic acid) and ribosomes for synthesis of 13 proteins encoded by the mitochondrial DNA essential for oxidative phosphorylation. (fda.gov)
  • The rest of approximately 1,900 proteins (in humans) required for the performance of various mitochondrial functions are encoded by the nuclear DNA. (fda.gov)
  • FIGURE 339-1 Scheme of the primary cilium and cystic kidney disease proteins. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Topology of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) proteins polycystin-1, polycystin-2, and fibrocystin/polyductin (FPC) are shown. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • In the PARK2-dependent pathway, PINK1 activates PARK2 to target many mitochondrial proteins, including NDP52, OPTN and p62, and it combines with LC3 to deliver damaged mitochondria to autophagosomes [ 15 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Proteomic methodologies increasingly have been applied to the kidney to map the renal cortical proteome and to identify global changes in renal proteins induced by diseases such as diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Comparison of the most abundant proteins based on normalized spectral abundance factor (NSAF) in this dataset versus a published glomerular proteome indicated enrichment of mitochondrial proteins in the former and cytoskeletal proteins in the latter. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A whole tissue extract of the mouse kidney cortex was analyzed by an unbiased proteomic approach, yielding a dataset of ~2,000 unique proteins identified with strict criteria to ensure a high level of confidence in protein identification. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mechanistically, NDUFA4 (a key component of mitochondrial respiration complex) is identified as a direct target of miR-147. (bvsalud.org)
  • We have further examined the mechanisms for a severe mitochondrial energetic deficit, deenergization, and impaired respiration in complex I that develop in kidney proximal tubules during hypoxia-reoxygenation, and their prevention and reversal by supplementation with α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) + aspartate. (uthscsa.edu)
  • As development progresses, nephron progenitors switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration for energy-mediated by an unknown mechanism-and undergo differentiation. (lww.com)
  • A switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial respiration drives these cells toward differentiation, but the mechanisms that control this switch are poorly defined. (lww.com)
  • VHL knockout nephron progenitors also exhibit persistent Six2 and Wt1 expression, as well as decreased mitochondrial respiration and prolonged reliance on glycolysis. (lww.com)
  • and decreased levels of ATP, oxygen consumption, and mitochondrial respiration. (medscape.com)
  • 1992), have reported that NCX localization is restricted to the distal convoluted tubule (Ramachandran and Brunette (1989), Yu et al. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • Plasma filtration and much of the tubular reabsorption takes place in the renal cortex, an important functional component of the kidney between the renal capsule and renal medulla, consisting of glomeruli, proximal and distal tubules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are four types of RTA: classic distal RTA (type I), proximal RTA (type II), hyperkalemic distal RTA (type IV), and a rare combination of proximal and distal RTA caused by carbonic anhydrase II deficiency and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors blocking the metabolism of bicarbonate and carbonic acid (type III). (bmj.com)
  • The term renal tubular acidosis (RTA) describes a group of disorders of acid-base homeostasis, in which the primary impairment is the excretion of fixed acid (distal RTA) or the reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate (proximal RTA). (bmj.com)
  • This shows that the Fas-pathway may play a role in the pathogenesis of the apoptosis of tubule cells during the early ischemic-reperfusion period. (wikipedia.org)
  • Etiology and Pathogenesis ( Fig. 339-1 ) ADPKD is characterized by progressive formation of epithelial-lined cysts in the kidney. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Evidence supporting a role for alterations in tubule membrane permeability in the pathogenesis of Fanconi syndrome is limited. (medscape.com)
  • Results Cisplatin challenged rats demonstrated kidney injury as shown by reduced creatinine clearance, increased of plasma BUN, plasma creatinine, and kidney MDA, decreased of kidney GSH levels, and kidney histopathology alterations. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Because of the large number of transport abnormalities observed in Fanconi syndrome, these anomalies are not likely due to alterations in the carriers, which are specific for each of the substances reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. (medscape.com)
  • Our findings suggest that empagliflozin enters cardiac mitochondria and directly causes these effects by increasing mitochondrial ATP via inhibition of NHE1 and Nav1.5 or their common downstream sites. (nature.com)
  • Several signs and symptoms include injury to the microvascular endothelium, apoptosis of kidney cells due to overstress in the endoplasmic reticulum, dysfunctions of the mitochondria, autophagy, inflammation of the kidneys, and maladaptive repair. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitophagy is a type of mitochondrial quality control mechanism that degrades damaged mitochondria and maintains cellular homeostasis. (ijbs.com)
  • 1989), however, suggested that there is no NCX in basolateral membranes in proximal tubules but that instead, intracellular calcium pools within the mitochondria and elsewhere contribute to Na + /Ca 2+ exchange. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • Transmission electron microscopic study of gill showed severe damages which included degenerative changes in mitochondria, cellular vacuolation, damage in tubule vascular system, presence of lipid droplets, elongated nucleus, but in case of field experiment dilated mitochondria and cytoplasmic vacuolation were more prominent. (omicsonline.org)
  • Mitochondrial complex activity assays, blue native gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE), Complex III immunoprecipitation, and an ATP assay were performed to examine the effects of diabetes on the status of respiratory complexes and energy levels in renal mitochondria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • High-throughput screening for cytotoxicity, mitochondrial polarization, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of exposed cells was performed by multiplex fluorescence and image analysis using a high content imaging platform. (cdc.gov)
  • The results showed that cisplatin induced mitochondrial injury, ROS release, intracellular iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in the kidney, which were aggravated in Bnip3 knockout , Pink1 knockout or Park2 knockout cisplatin-treated mice. (ijbs.com)
  • Several genetic pathways that lead to apoptosis of kidney cells have been implicated in mice models and in-vitro assays. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is also shown in cell-based assays wherein tubule cells are monitored after ischemic-like injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • We used histologic, immunofluorescence, RNA sequencing, and metabolic assays to characterize kidneys from these mice and controls during development and up to postnatal day 21. (lww.com)
  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a unique class of oral antidiabetic medications that reduce glucose reabsorption in the renal proximal tubules, thereby enhancing urinary glucose excretion 1 . (nature.com)
  • Although urine is finally modified in subsequent tubules, the proximal tubule is the main site for both NaCl and NaHCO 3 reabsorption. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • Using the transporter profiling approach, Dr. McDonough and her colleagues have defined how stimuli such as dietary salts, Ang II, kidney injury, and immune cytokines increase renal sodium transport in a region specific manner along the nephron and how resultant hypertension provokes intrarenal responses to decrease sodium reabsorption (via pressure natriuresis), a response that defines the blood pressure set point in the kidney. (usc.edu)
  • Numerous mechanisms can result in diminished reabsorption of solutes by the proximal tubule. (medscape.com)
  • The extrinsic pathway are directly induced upon renal ischemic injury, while intrinsic pathways are dependent on mitochondrial signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • ROS and JNK pathways may contribute to CNP-induced cell injury and kidney stone formation. (nih.gov)
  • This project's objective was to conduct rapid high-throughput screening of cultured human kidney cells to identify potential adverse outcome pathways associated with renal injury. (cdc.gov)
  • Ganguly U, Bir A, Chakrabarti S (2022) Cytotoxicity of mitochondrial Complex I inhibitor rotenone: a complex interplay of cell death pathways. (mitophysiology.org)
  • Aging kidney and CKD share many common characteristic features with increased cellular senescence, a conserved program characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest with altered transcriptome and secretome. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we discuss current understanding of the role and mechanism of cellular senescence in kidney fibrosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • This accumulation of phospholipids lead to an increase aggregation of ubiquitin in the kidney cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • While mitochondrial energy is vital for the survival of cells, these organelles also play an important role in the execution of apoptosis (programmed cell death), a process that serves as a major defense mechanism to remove unwanted and potentially dangerous cells. (fda.gov)
  • Increased cAMP promotes protein kinase A activity, among other effectors, and, in turn, leads to cyst growth by promoting proliferation and fluid secretion of cyst-lining cells through chloride and aquaporin channels in ADPKD kidneys. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • they were found to contain fetuin-A. Exposure of HK-2 cells to CNPs induced ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased cell viability. (nih.gov)
  • In summary, AFFF showed similar kidney cell cytotoxicity to C8 PFAS -exposed cells suggesting PFAS within AFFF contributes to kidney cell cytotoxicity. (cdc.gov)
  • So as a new therapeutic approach, stem cells are under research with a focus on reducing the burden of several kidney diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Approximately 5 to 7 106 cells were obtained per 1 g of human kidney cortical tissue. (mingsheng88.org)
  • Both GIMAP4 and GIMAP7 from human Jurkat cells [ 3 ] localize to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus while mouse Gimap3 from murine IL-3-dependent 32D myeloid precursor cells was expressed at the outer mitochondrial membrane [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Replacing dying or diseased kidney cells with new nephrons is an attractive strategy. (emjreviews.com)
  • In addition, the authors also review future strategies in DN treatment such as transcriptional reprogramming of mature adult kidney cells into uncommitted induced pluripotent stem cells for renal repair and therapeutics. (emjreviews.com)
  • Numerous symporters and antiporters affect the transport of solutes across the apical membrane of proximal tubule cells. (medscape.com)
  • The disease is caused by the accumulation of cystine in renal tubule cells. (medscape.com)
  • The effects include mitochondrial swelling and inhibition of respiratory function and energy (adenosine triphosphate) production. (medscape.com)
  • Human renal proximal convoluted tubule cell (HK-2) cultures were exposed to CNPs for 0, 12 and 72 h, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis levels were evaluated. (nih.gov)
  • CNPs were isolated and cultured from midstream urine of patients with kidney stones. (nih.gov)
  • 10 µg/dL, increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and creatinine clearance. (medscape.com)
  • The association between lead exposure and GFR was evaluated in North American children with CKD in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study. (medscape.com)
  • PFAS exposure is associated with increased risk for chronic conditions, including decreased kidney function and cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Age-related disorders such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) are increasingly prevalent globally and pose unprecedented challenges. (frontiersin.org)
  • Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in western countries. (hindawi.com)
  • Chronic HBV infection per se is known to increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) such as membranous glomerulonephritis. (medscape.com)
  • Chronic kidney transplantation and boehringer ingelheim, durham veterans with type1 and ppis are the evaluation. (myjuicecup.com)
  • Do to 30 and chronic kidney disease. (myjuicecup.com)
  • Carbon monoxide poisoning: analysis also important of chronic kidney disease: effects of it. (myjuicecup.com)
  • In its Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) stratifies specific comorbidities that include atherosclerotic CVD, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and HF ( 11 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Blood vessels shrink and undergo apoptosis which results in poor blood flow in the kidneys. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of protective effects of curcumin against cisplatin-induced kidney inflammation and apoptosis in rats. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Conclusions These data indicate that curcumin has nephroprotective properties against cisplatin-induced kidney damage in rats and this effect is associated with its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis profiles, in addition to its antioxidant. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Impairment in mitochondrial function, therefore, can be injurious to these organs. (fda.gov)
  • Impairment of the capability of the kidney to produce and reuptake enough calcitriol and therefore maintain vitamin D, phosphate, and calcium homeostasis is one of the principal pathophysiological components of metabolic bone disease in CKD. (karger.com)
  • These results suggest that in the early stages of hyperglycemia Complex III has assembly defects which could cause oxidant generation, leading to impairment of mitochondrial and renal function during hyperglycemia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The functional significance of the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX) in basolateral membranes in the proximal tubule remains controversial. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • The localization of NCX in basolateral membranes of proximal tubules is also controversial. (cellphysiolbiochem.com)
  • Inactivation of mitochondrial respiratory complexes or alteration of their critical subunits can lead to generation of mitochondrial oxidants, mitochondrial damage, and organ injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, one goal of this study was to determine the status of mitochondrial respiratory complexes in the rat kidney during the early stages of diabetes (5-weeks post streptozotocin injection). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nevertheless, the role that hyperglycemia has on renal mitochondrial respiratory complex function has not been thoroughly investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Vercellino I, Sazanov LA (2022) The assembly, regulation and function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. (mitophysiology.org)
  • Initially, her lab focused on regulation of the biosynthesis and assembly of sodium pump subunits and molecular mechanisms controlling sodium pump isoforms in kidney, cardiac and skeletal muscle by potassium, hormones, and other factors under normal conditions and during human heart failure. (usc.edu)
  • Building on these findings, the lab addressed the coordinated and concerted control of extracellular potassium by skeletal muscle, kidney and gut in response to altered metabolic and electrolyte demands and have begun to use these findings to address the mechanisms responsible for the cardiovascular benefit of raising dietary K/Na ratio. (usc.edu)
  • However, the molecular mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of curcumin in the cisplatin-induced kidney damage have not been explored. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of curcumin in cisplatin-induced kidney damage. (thieme-connect.com)
  • This review considers the genetic and epigenetic control of nephrogenesis, together with the epigenetic mechanisms that accompany kidney development and recent advances in induced reprogramming and kidney cell regeneration in the context of DN. (emjreviews.com)
  • More complications happen when failure of the kidney functions result in toxicity in various parts of the body which may cause septic shock, hypovolemia, and a need for surgery. (wikipedia.org)
  • A well-accepted theory for renal toxicity is the release of uranium from serum bicarbonate complex in the kidney that allows uranium to bind to available phosphate and protein. (cdc.gov)
  • This NCTR MitoChip webpage is created to provide comprehensive knowledge and resources on mitochondrial function, mitochondrial injury, and mitchondrial toxicity, while also reporting progress on NCTR's contributions to mitochondrial research. (fda.gov)
  • On this page you will find links to comprehensive gene information for five species and a listing of NCTR publications on understanding the mechanism of mitochondrial toxicity and development of biomarkers to predict toxicity. (fda.gov)
  • NCTR has published several papers illustrating the mechanism of mitochondrial toxicity in response to different drugs in the mouse and rat. (fda.gov)
  • Bone toxicity is closely related to nucleoside analogue effect on renal proximal tubular and phosphaturia. (medscape.com)
  • Diseases such as sepsis can cause kidney ischemia too. (wikipedia.org)
  • The polycystic kidney diseases are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders and a leading cause of kidney failure. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Kidney cysts are often seen in a wide range of syndromic diseases. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Although decreased citrulline is used as a newborn screening (NBS) marker to identify proximal urea cycle disorders (UCDs), it is also a feature of some mitochondrial diseases, including MT-ATP6 mitochondrial disease. (stanford.edu)
  • The essential role of kidneys in normal physiology, including plasma filtration of metabolic waste products, acid-base balance, regulation of plasma volume, and hormone secretion, is indicated by the large number of diverse, life threatening renal diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings suggest that previous approaches focused on either glomeruli or tubules are insufficient for a global understanding of the pathophysiology of complicated renal diseases such as DN. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the importance of the kidney in normal and disease states, numerous proteomic methodologies increasingly have been applied to the kidney, and novel combinations of research tools are now available to identify global changes in renal protein expression patterns induced by diseases such as diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Along with the kidney injury, diabetic patients often suffer from multiple complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • METHODS: The kidneys of proximal tubule Dicer (an enzyme for microRNA biogenesis) knockout mice and their wild-type littermates were subjected to CST to determine the function of microRNAs. (bvsalud.org)
  • By embryonic day 15.5, kidneys of nephron progenitor cell-specific VHL knockout mice begin to exhibit reduced maturation of nephron progenitors. (lww.com)
  • Compared with controls, VHL knockout kidneys are smaller and developmentally delayed by postnatal day 1, and have about half the number of glomeruli at postnatal day 21. (lww.com)
  • Even though various treatment strategies namely saline hydration and diuresis have been suggested for prevention of cisplatin-induced kidney damage, but its prevalence is still high. (thieme-connect.com)
  • In fact, the prevalence of cisplatin-induced kidney damage was 34% after fourth cycles and 52% after six cycles of cisplatin chemotherapy in adult cancer patients treated with cisplatin at a dose of ≥60 mg/m 2 at Dharmais National Cancer Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia [ 6 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Kidney injury due to cold storage-associated transplantation (CST) is a major factor determining the outcome of renal transplant, for which the role and regulation of microRNAs remain largely unclear. (bvsalud.org)
  • Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs) play an important role in kidney stone formation, but the mechanism(s) are unclear. (nih.gov)
  • However, the role of mitophagy in ferroptosis in kidney disease is unclear. (ijbs.com)
  • However, it has many severe side effects that limit the therapeutic use of cisplatin, one of them is kidney damage [ 1 ] [ 2 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
  • By repressing NDUFA4, miR-147 induces mitochondrial damage and renal tubular cell death. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this review, we summarize current knowledge about vitamin D metabolism in general, its role in diabetes mellitus (mainly type 2) and diabetic complications (mainly diabetic kidney disease), and potential therapeutic perspectives including vitamin D signalling as a druggable target. (karger.com)
  • Vitamin D has to be metabolically activated in the kidney, and patients with CKD including diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are not able to produce enough of the active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D). Vice versa, the kidneys are assumed to be a classical 1,25(OH) 2 D target. (karger.com)
  • Because there are FDA-regulated drugs (e.g., anti-HIV drugs, anti-cancer drugs) that cause mitochondrial injury, it is important to understand the mechanism of mitochondrial injury and to develop measures for prevention of mitochondrial damage. (fda.gov)
  • The aging kidneys undergo a wide range of macrostructural changes, such as decreased cortical volume, increased surface roughness, and augmented numbers and sizes of cysts [ 11 ], which correspond to the typical microstructural features of glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and nephron loss [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Empagliflozin treatment significantly increased cytosolic and mitochondrial ATP levels in the hearts of db/db mice. (nature.com)
  • Inflammatory markers and macrophage infiltration had been decreased in injured kidneys 3 times subsequent IRI significantly. (bioinbrief.com)
  • In studies of mice models, a high-fat diet can induce greater injury to the kidney with renal ischemia-reperfusion as compared to mice with normal diet. (wikipedia.org)
  • Blockade of miR-147 and overexpression of NDUFA4 reduce CST injury and improve graft function, unveiling miR-147 and NDUFA4 as new therapeutic targets in kidney transplantation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus proximal tubules can be salvaged from hypoxia-reoxygenation mitochondrial injury by both anaerobic metabolism of citric-acid cycle intermediates and aerobic metabolism of succinate. (uthscsa.edu)
  • A poor short- and mid-term outcome was also observed in patients with sub-clinical AKI (defined by positive biomarkers of kidney injury but not meeting the current definition of AKI) [ 16 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • Interestingly, even patients who apparently recovered from AKI at ICU discharge (based on serum creatinine) but with positive biomarkers of kidney injury had a higher risk of death during the year following ICU discharge. (springeropen.com)
  • however, little is known about what initiates mitochondrial injury and oxidant production during the early stages of diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During the years that followed, as the number of reported cases multiplied, the syndrome's association with various conditions characterized by injury of the proximal segment of the renal tubule became clear. (medscape.com)
  • Irritation from overexposure produces most damage in the proximal convoluted tubule, followed by the glomerulus. (cdc.gov)
  • In kidney, degenerative changes in PCT and DCT, shrinkage of glomerulus, vacuolation in the haematopoietic tissues and excess fat deposition were notable changes. (omicsonline.org)
  • Human kidney does not appear to express CYP2E1 or CYP2C enzymes. (mingsheng88.org)
  • 2003). In contrast to human liver, which expresses primarily FMO3 as well as several other FMO enzymes at significant levels, human kidney expresses primarily FMO1, somewhat lower levels of protein for FMO5, and very low levels of protein for FMO3 (Krause et al. (mingsheng88.org)
  • There is human evidence that kidney damage caused by occupational uranium overexposure can eventually heal after the excessive exposure ends [Hursh and Spoor 1973]. (cdc.gov)
  • Histopathological examination furthers confirmed the kidney damage protection effect of curcumin. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Hence, curcumin may be useful for preventing kidney damage against cisplatin administration. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Uranium exposure primarily affects the kidneys (renal tubules), and inhalation exposure can also affect the lungs (alveolar changes). (cdc.gov)
  • This chapter evaluates the effects of fluoride on the gastrointestinal system (GI), the kidney, the liver, and the immune system, focusing primarily on new data that have been generated since the earlier NRC (1993) review. (nationalacademies.org)
  • [ 4 ] The hypothesis was that decreased synthesis of eicosanoids might contribute to hypertension and make the kidney more vulnerable to drugs that reduce the synthesis of locally produced vasodilators (eg, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). (medscape.com)
  • Investigators of the Hypertension and Kidney Laboratory take a quick break from their research for a group picture, but are masked due to COVID-19. (tulane.edu)
  • citation needed] Kidney ischemia can be diagnosed by checking the levels of several biomarkers such as clusterin and cystatin C. While the duration of ischemia was used as a biomarker, it was found that it has significant flaws in predicting renal function outcomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nephron progenitors, the cell population that give rise to the functional unit of the kidney, are metabolically active and self-renew under glycolytic conditions. (lww.com)
  • The abnormalities preceded the mitochondrial permeability transition and cytochrome c loss. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Kidney ischemia is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. (wikipedia.org)
  • What causes kidney ischemia is not entirely known, but several pathophysiology relating to this disease have been elucidated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Toxic nephropathies are estimated to cause fewer than 1% of all cases of end-stage kidney disease. (medscape.com)
  • The autosomal dominant form of polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common life-threatening monogenic disease, affecting 12 million people worldwide. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • The autosomal recessive form of polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is rarer but affects the pediatric population. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • MT-ATP6 mitochondrial disease identified by newborn screening reveals a distinct biochemical phenotype. (stanford.edu)
  • screening cutoff >5) and ultimately diagnosed with MT-ATP6 mitochondrial disease. (stanford.edu)
  • Dr. McDonough is a recipient of multiple Awards including an American Heart Association (AHA) Established Investigator Award (1984), the 2009 Starling Distinguished Lectureship from the American Physiological Society (APS), the 2014 Donald Seldin Lectureship from the AHA Council on the Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease (KCVD), the Robert Schrier Lecture at ASN Kidney week (2017), and the Steven Hebert (APS, 2018). (usc.edu)
  • DKD, one of the most common forms of CKD, accounts for almost 50% of end-stage kidney disease in developed countries requiring renal replacement therapy. (karger.com)
  • Defects of amino acid transport in the renal tubule include cystinuria and Hartnup disease, which are discussed elsewhere. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 1 More than 50% of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 30% of those with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) develop kidney disease, and a considerable number of cases can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). (emjreviews.com)
  • Tissue extracts of Mouse Testis (Lane 6) and Mouse Kidney (Lane 7) were electrophoresed using NuPAGE™ 3-8% Tris-Acetate Protein Gel (Product # EA0378BOX). (thermofisher.com)
  • Hence, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is highly expressed in kidney tissue [ 3-5 ]. (karger.com)
  • Kidney Blood Press Res (2021) 46 (2): 152-161. (karger.com)
  • Vercellino I, Sazanov LA (2021) Structure and assembly of the mammalian mitochondrial supercomplex CIII2CIV. (mitophysiology.org)
  • [2] Kashoor I, Batlle D. Proximal renal tubular acidosis with and without Fanconi syndrome. (bmj.com)
  • Nephrotoxicity results from lead exposure because the kidney is the main route by which lead is eliminated. (medscape.com)
  • The primary target of uranium exposure is the kidney. (cdc.gov)
  • Cytopathological study both through light and electron microscopic ( scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy) observations were based on gill, liver and kidney. (omicsonline.org)