Migration hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit. Medical search. Frequent questions

Oxygen-breathing species express the highly conserved transcriptional complex HIF-1, which is a heterodimer composed of an alpha and a beta subunit, the latter being a constitutively-expressed aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT). (wikipedia.org)
HIF-1 is also a heterodimeric transcription factor, consisting of the oxygen dependent alpha subunit and the constitutively expressed beta subunit. (biomedcentral.com)
These transcription factors are composed of an alpha subunit (HIF-1α, HIF-2α and HIF-3α), and a beta subunit (HIF-1β) [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, hypoxia promotes the formation of blood vessels, and is important for the formation of a vascular system in embryos and tumors. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers have understood for numerous years that the hypoxia found in tumors leads to more aggressive and harder to treat disease and ultimately, poor patient outcome. (mdpi.com)
Here, we demonstrate that the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) and its substrate transcription factor X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) drive NK cell responses against viral infection and tumors in vivo. (cancerindex.org)
In response to hypoxia, tumors activate a general adaptive response allowing their growth under unfavourable conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors that respond to decreases in available oxygen in the cellular environment, or hypoxia. (wikipedia.org)
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are nuclear transcriptional factors that regulate the transcription of genes that mediate cellular and tissue homeostatic responses to altered oxygenation. (ox.ac.uk)
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key mediators expressed under hypoxic condition and involved in many kinds of disease such as cancer and abnormal angiogenesis. (cd4inhibitors.com)
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), the major transcription regulators for hypoxic cells, are composed primarily of regu- latory alpha-subunits (HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and HIF-3α) [1, 2]. (cd4inhibitors.com)
In this study, we demonstrated that Remodelin could not only inhibit the expression of HIF-1α or HIF-2α under hypoxic conditions but also suppress the constitutional expression of HIFs owing to genetic mutation. (cd4inhibitors.com)
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are responsible for the transcriptional responses to hypoxic stress. (biomedcentral.com)
While mRNA of alfa subunits (HIFs- α) are not altered by exposure to hypoxia, alfa, but not beta, proteins are stabilized by hypoxia. (biomedcentral.com)

Via direct actions on cancer cells and indirect actions on the tumor microenvironment, radiation has the potential to enhance epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, migration, angiogenesis and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia stimulates hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-dependent expression of CXCL12 and KITL promoting mobilization from the bone marrow and recruitment to primary tumor and metastatic sites of CXCR4 + CD11b + bone marrow-derived cells and KITbCD11b + cells assisting vasculogenesis and metastasis respectively (Kuonen et al. (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia is a common feature of locally advanced breast cancers that is associated with increased metastasis and poorer survival. (ox.ac.uk)
These findings demonstrate that RIOK3 is necessary for maintaining actin cytoskeletal organisation required for migration and invasion, biological processes that are necessary for hypoxia-driven metastasis. (ox.ac.uk)
In 2002 and 2004, several groups, under different experimental settings, reported identification of the gene, first named as astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1), now having the GenBank symbol as MTDH, which stands for metadherin, for its involvement in tumor metastasis and adhesion. (biomedcentral.com)
In another study by Brown and Ruoslahti in 2004, phage display strategy was employed in a mouse model of breast cancer metastasis, which revealed that a gene identical to AEG-1 was expressed at high levels in relation to metastasis of breast cancer, and the identified gene was named metadherin after its proposed role in promoting homing of breast cancer cells to the lungs [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In mammals, deletion of the HIF-1 genes results in perinatal death. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibition of electron transfer in the succinate dehydrogenase complex due to mutations in the SDHB or SDHD genes can cause a build-up of succinate that inhibits HIF prolyl-hydroxylase, stabilizing HIF-1α. (wikipedia.org)
HIF-1, when stabilized by hypoxic conditions, upregulates several genes to promote survival in low-oxygen conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Depletion of mAKAP or disruption of its targeting to the perinuclear (in cardiomyocytes) region altered the stability of HIF-1 and transcriptional activation of genes associated with hypoxia. (wikipedia.org)
The elevated HIF-1α accumulates and makes a translocation to the nucleus, regulating the expression of target genes in the nucleus, which regulate a variety of cellular processes to promote survival. (cd4inhibitors.com)
Once formed, the complex translocates to the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor by binding to the estrogen response elements (EREs) at the promoters of estrogen responsive genes[ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Stabilisation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) in tumours causes transcriptional changes in numerous genes that function at distinct stages of the metastatic cascade. (ox.ac.uk)
PGE2 activation of JAK2/STAT3 acting on genes controlling tumor invasion/migration, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and initiating immune suppression is demonstrated. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
ELAV - like1 , methyltransferase like 7A , dolichyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase , laminin subunit beta-1 , gremlin 1 , BCL6 corepressor-like 1 , and three genes of unknown identity. (biomedcentral.com)
The higher expression of gremlin 1 and HIF1a genes after exposure to dragonfly larvae indicated an in vivo hypoxic reaction, while down-regulation of syndecan-2 may indicate impairment of angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
This gene encodes a transcription factor that regulates MHC class II genes by binding to a promoter element referred to as an X box. (cancerindex.org)

However, these detrimental effects were abolished in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of dominant-negative MST1 (DN-MST1) or treated with XMU-MP-1, a specific MST1 inhibitor, indicating that MST1 inhibition attenuates DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction. (bvsalud.org)
Multiple mechanisms are implicated in such dysfunction, spanning from inhibition of recruitment to the tumor bed, activation of inhibitory processes, blowing up of activation signals, and deregulation of metabolism ( Figure 1 ). (encyclopedia.pub)
Indeed, hypoxia, low pH, glucose deprivation, and lactate accumulation could determine both the inhibition of NK cell cytolytic activity and NK cell apoptosis. (encyclopedia.pub)
A second dose of DETA NO, administered after 4 hours, did not pro long the growth inhibition, suggesting that stress response factors and NO defence mecha nisms may have been activated by the first dose. (igf-1rinhibitors.com)
This phenotypic change resulted in reduced cell migration in two-dimensional cultures and inhibition of cell invasion through three-dimensional extracellular matrix. (ox.ac.uk)
These included PTEN-dependent DNA damage repair in response to SHP2 inhibition, AKT-mediated bypass resistance in response to chronic SHP2 inhibition, and SHP2 control of hypoxia-inducible factor expression through multiple MAPKs. (aacrjournals.org)
A hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) translation inhibitor and an HIF-2α translation inhibitor were independently employed to evaluate the effect of hypoxia inducible factor inhibition on EMT marker protein and VEGF expression. (molvis.org)

The HIF signaling cascade mediates the effects of hypoxia, the state of low oxygen concentration, on the cell. (wikipedia.org)
While much research is, and has been, carried out to investigate the effects of hypoxia, this is usually done using experimental models which employ stable levels of hypoxia. (mdpi.com)

We show that ionizing radiation specifically enhances the motility and invasiveness of human GSCs through the stabilization and nuclear accumulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), which in turn transcriptionally activates the Junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY). (nature.com)
We show that radiation-induced migration/invasion occurs through the stabilization and nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α), which drives the transcription of Junction-mediating and regulatory protein (JMY) 27 that stimulates GSC migration through its actin nucleation-promoting activity. (nature.com)

Interestingly, estrogen is also capable of contributing to breast cancer progression by a novel role, via modulation of proteins involved in hypoxia signaling, namely hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). (biomedcentral.com)
Oncomodulatory viruses, such as human cytomegaloviruses (HCMV), are known to release over 200 proteins, many of which can alter tumor behavior [ Table 1 ]. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is regulated by Wnt and bone morphogenetic proteins signaling in osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. (uchicago.edu)
It has been found that upon accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the mRNA of this gene is processed to an active form by an unconventional splicing mechanism that is mediated by the endonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1). (cancerindex.org)
5 4 Succinate functions as a competitive inhibitor for prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins that are central to degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α subunit. (haematologica.org)
Levels of proteins, including Cyt C, Bcl-2/BAX, and Nrf2 /HO-1-associated proteins, were determined by western blotting and immunofluorescence. (sdbonline.org)
Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
The purpose of this study was to identify potential therapeutic strategies to slow down or prevent the expression of early-onset epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins (fibronectin and alpha smooth muscle actin, α-SMA) without sacrificing the synthesis and accumulation of the prosurvival protein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cultured virally transformed human lens epithelial (HLE) cells. (molvis.org)
Instead, the loss of HIF-1α (but not HIF-2α) decreases the expression of the EMT marker proteins without sacrificing the levels of the prosurvival protein VEGF. (molvis.org)

These include glycolysis enzymes, which allow ATP synthesis in an oxygen-independent manner, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promotes angiogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
Increased HIF-1α may contribute to atherosclerosis through alteration of smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis, and lipid metabolism. (ox.ac.uk)
Elimination of the primary tumor, either by irradiation or by surgery, shifts the balance towards pro-angiogenesis and growth of the lung metastases (Table 1 ) (Camphausen et al. (biomedcentral.com)
In fact, HIF-1α is a major factor for regulating tumor microenvironment (TME) for tumor cell survival and angiogenesis [6, 7]. (cd4inhibitors.com)
Oncomodulation is a process, whereby tumor behavior is affected by virally induced mechanisms acting on cancer cells as well as stromal cells within the tumor microenvironment, including suppression of cancer cell apoptosis mechanisms, altering tumor metabolism, suppressing antitumor immunity, triggering tumor microenvironment inflammation, initiating angiogenesis, stimulating tumor cell proliferation, increasing tumor invasion, and enhancing tumor cell migration (metastasis) [ Figures 1 and 2 ]. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is produced by stromal and mesenchymal cells, and it stimulates epithelial cell proliferation, motility, morphogenesis and angiogenesis in various organs via tyrosine phosphorylation of its cognate receptor, Met. (spandidos-publications.com)
Likewise, they have the ability to activate the angiogenesis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of the main cell types involved in skin regeneration. (frontiersin.org)

Finally, JMY accumulates in the cytoplasm where it stimulates GSC migration via its actin nucleation-promoting activity. (nature.com)
This growth factor also stimulates production of collagens, proteoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, tenascin and thrombospondin, diminishes production of extracellularly active neutral endoproteinases belonging to the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and serine proteinase families, and stimulates production of endogenous MMP inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metallo-proteinase [TIMP]) and serpins (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). (biomedcentral.com)
APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)

It was shown that NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) is a direct modulator of HIF-1α expression in the presence of normal oxygen pressure. (wikipedia.org)
The presence of Remodelin could suppress the elevated level of HIF-1α protein and its nuclear translocation induced by either treatment of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) or hypoxia in dose or time-dependent way. (cd4inhibitors.com)
Various growth factors, cytokines, and prostaglandins upregulate HGF gene expression, including basic fibroblast growth factor, oncostatin M, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
We also show that the TNF signaling reduces the level of inhibitory nuclear factor kappa B protein subtype A (NFKBIA), leading to the nuclear translocation of two NFKB dimers, p50/p50, and p50/RelA. (frontiersin.org)
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that is upregulated in times of oxidative stress. (hindawi.com)

Using embryonic fibroblasts from a conditional HIF1alpha knockout mouse, we found that loss of HIF1alpha under aerobic conditions significantly accelerated the onset of cellular senescence, and decreased proliferation under hypoxia. (ox.ac.uk)
Alterations in nutrient uptake homeostasis affect cellular energetics inducing cellular stress [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This gene product is a bZIP protein, which was also identified as a cellular transcription factor that binds to an enhancer in the promoter of the T cell leukemia virus type 1 promoter. (cancerindex.org)
Interestingly, succinate plays key dual roles during inflammatory responses, leading to net inflammation or anti-inflammation depending on factors like the cellular context. (haematologica.org)

siRNA (small interfering RNA) studies for individual NF-κB members revealed differential effects on HIF-1α mRNA levels, indicating that NF-κB can regulate basal HIF-1α expression. (wikipedia.org)
The resulting loss of 26 nt from the spliced mRNA causes a frame-shift and an isoform XBP1(S), which is the functionally active transcription factor. (cancerindex.org)

A recent study showed that mitochondria clustering around the perinuclear region can act as signaling for increased oxidative stress affecting hypoxia inducible promoters [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
As shown in Figure 1 , in the absence of oxidative stress, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) keeps Nrf2 sequestered in the cytosol, where it mediates proteasomal degradation of Nrf2 [ 25 - 27 ]. (hindawi.com)
These findings indicate that GSOs protect against GLU-induced neuronal oxidative damage through Nrf2/HO-1 activation. (sdbonline.org)

The TGF-β family forms an important group of growth factors, consisting of three isoforms in man, and is important for matrix deposition because it modulates fibroblast recruitment and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)

HIF-1 acts by binding to hypoxia-responsive elements (HREs) in promoters that contain the sequence 5'-RCGTG-3' (where R is a purine, either A or G). Studies demonstrate that hypoxia modulates histone methylation and reprograms chromatin. (wikipedia.org)

Using the murine mammary cell line TG1-1 we observed estrogen (E 2 ) lead to an up regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), an effect abrogated by the anti-estrogen Fulvestrant and the HIF-1 inhibitor YC-1 (3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole) suggesting the interchangeability of hypoxia and estrogen mediated effects. (biomedcentral.com)
The inducible regulation of gene transcription is a central element in the defense of multicellular organisms against environmental, mechanical, chemical, and microbiological stresses. (frontiersin.org)

It is therefore not surprising that HIF-1 modulation was identified as a promising treatment paradigm in wound healing. (wikipedia.org)
Estrogen modulation of HIF-1 and subsequent effects on endothelial cells is dependent on the Akt/PI3K pathway and protein synthesis as validated by the use of the inhibitors wortmannin and cycloheximide which abrogated estrogen's effects respectively. (biomedcentral.com)

Our data provide evidence that estrogen signaling mediates the tumor vasculogenic process required for breast cancer progression and involves a key regulator of the hypoxia signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Taken together with the fact that 60-70% of human breast cancers are estrogen receptor-alpha positive[ 7 ], the evidence suggests an etiological significance of estrogen in breast cancer initiation and progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Some cytokines act as competence rather than progression factors, some lack secretory signals, and some must be processed and released from the pericellular matrix or basement membranes (eg transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β ] binding to chondroitin or the keratan sulfate of biglycan, decorin and fibromodulin, or basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet derived growth factor binding to the heparin sulfate of glypican, perlecan and syndecan). (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia, a condition of oxygen deprivation, is considered a hallmark of tumor microenvironment regulating several pathways and promoting cancer progression and resistance to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
In the last years a huge amount of data has been obtained shedding novel insights on the mechanisms through which hypoxia affects tumor progression and response to therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Elevated AEG-1 expression is seen in nearly all tumor types, and in most cases AEG-1 positively correlates with tumor progression and poorer patient survival. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively, this study provides the first evidence that transient levels of the evolutionarily conserved factor RACK1 are critical for adult SC activation and proper skeletal muscle regeneration, favoring the efficient progression of SC from a committed to a fully differentiated state. (sdbonline.org)

Further analysis of independent cohorts of patients with renal carcinoma revealed specific HIF2α gene expression signatures in the context of VHL Ser65Pro or Ser65Trp mutation, showing high correlations with hypoxia and epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling activities and strong associations with poor prognosis. (biomedcentral.com)

Since its discovery, nearly one decade of research on astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) has witnessed expanding knowledge of this molecule, ranging from its role in cancer biology to molecular mechanisms underlying the biological functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent evidence obtained in mouse models shows its essential role regulating blood cell function through various mechanisms that include pseudohypoxia responses by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation, post-translational modifications like succinylation, and communication mediated by succinate receptor 1. (haematologica.org)
Human lens epithelial (HLE) cells survive under hypoxia through complex and interactive signal transduction pathways whose mechanisms of action are not well understood. (molvis.org)

Hypoxia-inducible factor pathway and diseases of the vascular wall. (ox.ac.uk)
Increased activation of the HIF pathway causes aberrant expression of angiogenic factors contributing to the formation and maintenance of vascular malformations. (ox.ac.uk)
Hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) and pyruvate kinase (PK) are the three key enzymes in the glycolysis pathway. (researchsquare.com)
This is then converted to GlcNAc-1P (N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate) by PGM3/AGM1 (phosphoglucomutase) and further to UDP-GlcNAc (uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine) by UAP/AGX1 (UDP-N-acetylhexosamine pyrophosphorylase), utilizing UTP from the nucleotide metabolism pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
1 Similarly, succinate may derive from the γ-aminobutyric acid shunt pathway that correlates with levels of expression of the γ-aminobutyric acid transporters solute carrier family 6 members 12 and 13 (SLC6A12, SLC6A13). (haematologica.org)
Firstly, loss of dGLYAT suppressed scrib depletion- or Egr overexpression-induced JNK pathway activation and invasive cell migration. (sdbonline.org)

3 2 Under physiological hypoxia, low oxygen levels lead to reduced activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), which metabolizes succinate, and other oxygen-dependent enzymes in the electron transport chain, causing succinate accumulation. (haematologica.org)

Fibroblasts produce TIMPs (1-4), which were previously called human fibroblast collagenase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)

HLE-B3 cells, maintained in a continuous hypoxic environment (1% oxygen), were treated with SB216763, a specific inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) catalytic activity. (molvis.org)
In conjunction with SB216763, coadministration of an HIF-1α translation inhibitor, but not an HIF-2α translation inhibitor, markedly suppressed the expression of fibronectin and α-SMA without affecting VEGF levels. (molvis.org)

Such treatment was associated with upregulation of invasion- and inflammation-promoting soluble factors, such as matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), its activator MMP14, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP2), chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), the latter two being linked to the recruitment of the monocytic cells. (biomedcentral.com)
have determined that Remodelin can inhibit the function of the acetyltransferase protein NAT10 and reduce cancer cell migration and invasion [13-15]. (cd4inhibitors.com)
Furthermore, lactate production induced by PKM2 significantly promotes migration and invasion. (researchsquare.com)

Especially, this allows ATP and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) to be synthesized in an oxygen-independent manner, thereby promoting angiogen- esis, cell survival and tumor growth [5]. (cd4inhibitors.com)
Previously we found that estrogen aided in this neovasculogenesis via recruitment of bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (BM-EPCs), leading to increased vessel formation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
Estrogen treated TG1-1 cells secreted higher levels of VEGF which were comparable to secreted levels from cells grown under hypoxic conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
Widespread transduction of cardiac and skeletal muscle has been achieved in adult mouse by intravenous administration of rAAV6 vector supplemented with vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) (Gregorevic et al. (justia.com)

HIF-1 belongs to the PER-ARNT-SIM (PAS) subfamily of the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
We will also describe evidence about the ability of semaphorins to affect the expression and activity of transcription factors activated by hypoxia, such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1. (biomedcentral.com)

That is accomplished by transferring factors that modulate different metabolic and signaling pathways. (frontiersin.org)
6 3 In fact, one of the first pieces of evidence for a role of succinate in cancer development was provided by the discovery of pseudohypoxia, which refers to activation of hypoxia signaling pathways under normal oxygen levels. (haematologica.org)

The expression of HIF-1α is significantly elevated in aortic aneurysms compared with nonaneurysmal arteries. (ox.ac.uk)
More importantly, Remodelin could also inhibit the constitutional expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in VHL mutant 786-0 cells. (cd4inhibitors.com)
By contrast, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 was demonstrated to markedly downregulate HGF gene expression ( 10 , 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Meanwhile, p50/RelA promotes the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the production of nitric oxide, which inhibits adrenergically induced melatonin production. (frontiersin.org)
ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase: macrophages infected with Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus fumigatus or treated with Curdlan, a selective agonist of pattern recognition receptor for fungi Dectin-1, displays increased expression of ALOX5, ALOX15 and PTGS2 Karnam et al, 2015 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia may contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases of the vascular wall. (ox.ac.uk)
RNA interference-mediated gene silencing of vascular endothelial growth factor in colon cancer cells. (uchicago.edu)

However, HIF-1α stabilization is also found in non-hypoxic conditions through an unknown mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
Succinate inhibits action of prolyl hydroxylases (PHD) and thereby causes stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). (haematologica.org)

Free radicals such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) are oxidants that are normally produced as a by-product of normal aerobic metabolism [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

We have investigated the role of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) transcription factor in preventing senescence in aerobic and hypoxic conditions. (ox.ac.uk)

Hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) and nutrient deprivation, caused by inappropriate blood supply, represent important hallmarks of tumor microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)

In biological analysis, the treatment of cultured HUVECs with Remodelin could inhibit in vitro cell migration and inva- sion and tube-formation. (cd4inhibitors.com)
It also opens a new way of thinking for biomedical scientists, whether RNA modification will be another important factor to regulate the biological development of neoplastic diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
The term hypoxia is used to describe biological situations where insufficient levels of oxygen exist. (mdpi.com)
While the initial discovery of AEG-1 left with an abundance of controversial understanding of its biological functions and biochemical characteristics, which remains elusive to date, a few features of AEG-1 have been recognized with certain consensus. (biomedcentral.com)
To understand the biological functions of AEG-1 in cells, however, its localization has been investigated. (biomedcentral.com)

Hypoxia often keeps cells from differentiating. (wikipedia.org)
HIF-1 has been shown to be vital to chondrocyte survival, allowing the cells to adapt to low-oxygen conditions within the growth plates of bones. (wikipedia.org)
RESULTS: In atherosclerotic plaque, HIF-1α was localized in macrophages and smooth muscle cells bordering the necrotic core. (ox.ac.uk)
In pulmonary hypertension, HIF-1α contributes to the increase of intracellular K(+) and Ca(2+) leading to vasoconstriction of pulmonary smooth muscle cells. (ox.ac.uk)
In addition, the number and the migratory activity of these cells are inversely correlated with risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. (intechopen.com)
Twenty-four hours after plating on laminin substrate, TG1N and TG16 cells adopted a bipolar and elongated shape (Supplementary Fig. 1 B) and displayed high motility (mean velocities of 26.3 ± 0.6 µm/h and 25.7 ± 1.1 µm/h, respectively) without a predefined direction (Supplementary Fig. S1 C, Supplementary Movies S1 and S2 ), consistently with random motility pattern with high velocity previously reported for other GSC lines 30 . (nature.com)
Soluble factors in conditioned media from E 2 treated breast cancer cells also lead to migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
Natural killer cells were first described in the late 1960s as cells capable of killing cancer cells without restriction by HLA molecules [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Soluble factors released by immune, tumor, and stromal cells, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, adenosine, and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), not only inhibit NK cell functionality, but they additionally determine their conversion toward a non-cytolytic phenotype. (encyclopedia.pub)
RIOK3 was localised to distinct cytoplasmic aggregates in normoxic cells and underwent redistribution to the leading edge of the cell in hypoxia with a corresponding change in the organisation of the actin cytoskeleton. (ox.ac.uk)
Activation of this factor occurs in the stromal cells, tumor cells, and invading immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
HGF was cloned as a growth factor for hepatocytes ( 1 , 2 ), is identical to scatter factor (SF) and was originally discovered as a fibroblast-derived cell motility factor for epithelial cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
As a multifunctional oncoprotein, AEG-1 has been shown to overexpress in multiple types of human cancer, and the elevation of AEG-1 in tumor cells leads to enhanced phenotypes characteristic of malignant aggressiveness, including increased abilities to proliferate robustly, to invade surrounding tissues, to migrate, to induce neovascularization, and to enhance chemoresistance. (biomedcentral.com)

The five different subunits of NFKB express REL homology domains, which are responsible for binding to the DNA kappa B element. (frontiersin.org)

The hypoxia in wounds also promotes the migration of keratinocytes and the restoration of the epithelium. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we demonstrate that sublethal doses ionizing radiation specifically promotes the migration and invasiveness of human GSC lines using in vitro and in vivo assays. (nature.com)

Ser65 residue, located within the β-domain and nearby the interaction sites with hypoxia-inducing factor α (HIFα), is highly conserved among different species. (biomedcentral.com)
In human, AEG-1 represents a protein of 582 amino acids, and the amino acid sequences are highly conserved across vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)

It has been shown that muscle A kinase-anchoring protein (mAKAP) organized E3 ubiquitin ligases, affecting stability and positioning of HIF-1 inside its action site in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
pVHL is best known as the substrate-binding subunit of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which binds the transcription elongation factors C and B (elongin C/B) forms the VCB complex, then interacts with Cullin-2 (CUL2) and the RING finger protein RBX1 forming the VCB-CR complex(3). (biomedcentral.com)
Despite its conservativeness, however, the three-dimensional structure of AEG-1 has not been solved, and the functional domains of the protein are not clearly defined. (biomedcentral.com)

Estrogen mediates its effects by binding to its cognate estrogen receptor(s), either estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) or estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), leading to ER dimerization and association with various co-factors. (biomedcentral.com)

The alpha subunits of HIF are hydroxylated at conserved proline residues by HIF prolyl-hydroxylases, allowing their recognition and ubiquitination by the VHL E3 ubiquitin ligase, which labels them for rapid degradation by the proteasome. (wikipedia.org)

Proteomic analysis identified interactions of RIOK3 with actin and several actin-binding factors including tropomyosins (TPM3 and TPM4) and tropomodulin 3. (ox.ac.uk)
Analysis of these filaments showed reduced association of TPM3, particularly during hypoxia, suggesting that RIOK3 regulates actin filament specialisation. (ox.ac.uk)

Hydroxylation of aspartic acid in domains homologous to the epidermal growth factor precursor is catalyzed by a 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase. (bjbms.org)

Cell growth is primarily supported by growth factor-driven glucose and glutamine intake, which form building blocks for biosynthesis. (biomedcentral.com)

TIMP-1 is induced by inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and TNF-α, but also by TGF-β, progesterone and estrogen. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), the first pro-inflammatory cytokine to be released by an inflammatory response, suppresses the translation of the key enzyme of melatonin synthesis (arylalkylamine- N -acetyltransferase, Aanat ). (frontiersin.org)

Further, hypoxia and estrogen are interchangeable as both similarly modulate epithelial-endothelial cell interaction. (biomedcentral.com)
Semaphorins were originally identified in the nervous system for their ability to regulate axon guidance through the interaction with their receptors, plexins and neuropilins [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

and (v) the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in lung development. (stanford.edu)
Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of cancer-related death worldwide [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Anatomy22

Organisms15

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs116

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes62

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Beta subunit3

Tumors4

HIFs7

Metastasis6

Genes11

Inhibition7

Effects of hypoxia2

HIF12

Proteins9

Angiogenesis7

Stimulates4

Nuclear5

Cellular4

MRNA2

Oxidative3

Proliferation1

Promoters1

Regulation2

Modulation2

Progression7

Prognosis1

Mechanisms3

Pathway6

Accumulation1

Fibroblasts1

Inhibitor2

Invasion3

VEGF4

Transcription factors2

Pathways2

Expression5

Vascular2

Stabilization2

Metabolism1

Hypoxic conditions1

Oxygen concentration1

Biological5

Cells13

Homology1

Promotes2

Highly conserved2

Protein3

Mediates1

Ubiquitin1

Actin2

Epidermal Growth1

Glucose1

Inflammatory2

Interaction2

Lung2