Microarray dna complementary. Medical search. Frequent questions

The introduction of complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray technology in 1995 has helped to facilitate the identification and classification of DNA sequence information and the assignment of functions to these new genes by allowing investigators to analyze expression of thousands of genes simultaneously in a single experiment. (medscape.com)
Microarrays are a significant advance because of their small size and are therefore useful when one wants to survey a large number of genes quickly or when the study sample is small. (medscape.com)
[ 5 ] Because a microarray can be used to examine the expression of hundreds or thousands of genes at once, it promises to revolutionize the way gene expression is examined. (medscape.com)
DNA microarrays are simply platforms that consist of small solid supports onto which the sequences from thousands of different genes are attached at fixed locations. (medscape.com)
In today's research laboratory, two common ways that gene expression is assessed is by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques (QTPCR) for monitoring expression of smaller numbers of genes, and by employing DNA microarrays for the highly parallel monitoring of thousands of genes (or the whole transcriptome). (ddw-online.com)
The data obtained from the microarray chip are analysed using various software tools to identify differentially expressed genes, detect DNA mutations, and identify genetic variations. (tutorialspoint.com)
A DNA microarray is a tool used to measure the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously. (tutorialspoint.com)
Microarrays are one such tool that allows for the study of expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. (lu.se)
in each cell, as many as 25,000 different genes hold the formula - written in DNA - for every cell's function, whether it's a muscle cell, nerve cell, or a blood cell. (technologyreview.com)
Just as a pregnancy test will change color to indicate the presence of a particular hormone, the DNA spots on a microarray will glow to indicate the presence of specific genes. (technologyreview.com)
Researchers use microarrays to test samples of real DNA or RNA, to identify healthy as well as mutated genes, and to determine which genes are active in a cell. (technologyreview.com)
coXpress can be used to find groups of genes that display differential co-expression patterns in microarray datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
Eisen et al used hierarchical cluster analysis to determine groups of co-expressed genes, and found that genes within those groups were functionally related [ 4 ], and the use of hierarchical cluster analysis is now a standard technique for analysing microarray data [ 2 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA microarrays make it possible to analyze the mRNA expression of thousands of genes simultaneously. (karger.com)
Therefore, we have recently developed the tissue microarray (TMA) technology to efficiently test the clinical relevance of candidate genes. (karger.com)
DNA microarrays and TMAs provide a powerful approach to identify large numbers of new candidate genes, and rapidly validate their clinical impact in large series of human tumors. (karger.com)
DNA microarray is the technology widely used to evaluate the expression levels of thousands of genes together and all genes in a genome at the same time. (databridgemarketresearch.com)
Microarray analysis revealed that HTZ1-activated genes cluster near telomeres. (sdbonline.org)
Complementary DNA microarray technology was used to identify immune-related genes differentially expressed between the normal middle ear mucosa of young (10 days old) and adult rats (80 days old). (ku.dk)
prepared labelled RNA from both tissues, and tested with microarrays for expression of 12,000 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Well, microarray technology is a developing technology used to study the expression of many genes at once. (semimd.com)
An experiment with a single DNA chip can provide information on thousands of genes simultaneously when tested properly and the right way. (semimd.com)
A useful too, DNA microarrays are employed to confirm whether the DNA from a specific individual incorporates a mutation in genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2. (dailyopedia.com)
Numerous genes transcribed in oocytes are involved in multiple aspects of cell maintenance and protection, including metabolism, signal perception and transduction, RNA processing, cell cycle, defense against pathogens and DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)
The development of targeted therapies for both germline and somatic DNA mutations has increased the need for molecular profiling assays to determine the mutational status of specific genes. (oncotarget.com)
Using cDNA microarray with double dots of 4096 human genes, P18 INK4C , a member of CKI, was found down-regulated in a gastric adenocarcinoma metastatic cell line (RF-48), compared with the corresponding primary cancer cell line (RF-1), which implied that P18 INK4C might be involved in cell invasion and metastatic progression of human gastric adenocarcinoma. (psu.edu)
cDNA microarrays were used to identify new iron and AFT1-regulated genes. (korea.ac.kr)
They can carry large inserts of DNA up to 300 kilobases in size, making them ideal for studying the function and organization of genes and genomes. (tutorialspoint.com)
For example, by comparing small molecule the gene expression in normal and abnormal cells, the microarray can be used to detect the abnormal genes for remedial medicines or evaluating their effects. (rafinhibitors.com)
High-throughput experiments, such as with DNA microarrays, typically result in hundreds of genes potentially relevant to the process under study, rendering the interpretation of these experiments problematic. (biomedcentral.com)
The outcome of high-throughput experiments, such as DNA microarray experiments, is typically a list of hundreds of genes that could be relevant to the studied phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
In the early days of DNA microarray data analysis, extracting the required information about genes depended solely on researchers retrieving information from the huge corpus of scientific literature. (biomedcentral.com)

The individual DNA strands are called probes. (medscape.com)
DNA microarrays take advantage of the major feature of the DNA double helix, the sequence complementarity of the two-paired strands, by using DNA capture probes which are the complement of the expressed target sequence (mRNA, cRNA or cDNA made from the mRNA). (ddw-online.com)
Gillespie and Spiegelman (1) observed that single stranded DNA binds strongly to nitrocellulose membranes in a manner that minimises the two strands reassociating with each other, but allows the hybridisation to complementary RNA. (ddw-online.com)
The principle of DNA microarray is based on the hybridization of DNA strands. (tutorialspoint.com)
Typically, a computer-controlled robot uses techniques borrowed from photolithography to create strands of synthetic DNA by linking nucleotides in the appropriate sequences. (technologyreview.com)
During replication, an enzyme unzips the DNA, separating it into two strands. (technologyreview.com)
Next, free-floating nucleotides - the DNA letters A, C, T, and G - match up with their complements in the separated strands, yielding two identical copies of the original double helix. (technologyreview.com)
Working out of two labs run by Stellacci in Building 13 on the third floor, the researchers started with master microarrays spotted with single strands of DNA and a solution containing those strands' complements. (technologyreview.com)
By controlling how complementary strands of DNA bond together to form duplexes, researchers at the University of Vienna in Austria, have found a way to 'paint' with DNA on a microarray canvas. (chemistryworld.com)
To create the colour, short strands of DNA were linked to fluorescent markers that emit either red, green or blue light, before being matched to a long complementary DNA strand bound to a surface. (chemistryworld.com)
The process is done through two complementary strands of DNA into single-stranded molecules. (semimd.com)
The structures of polynucleotide strands of both DNA and RNA molecules can be understood in terms of sugar-phosphate backbones consisting of phosphodiester-linked D 2' deoxyribofuranose (D ribofuranose in RNA) sugar moieties, with purine or pyrimidine nucleobases covalently linked to them. (wikiversity.org)
1] A microarray has thousands of spots, each of them consisting of different identified DNA strands, named probes. (rafinhibitors.com)

Because of the complexity of the data sets generated by microarray experiments, the use of data-analysis software is essential. (medscape.com)
An RNA spike-in is an RNA transcript of known sequence and quantity used to calibrate measurements in RNA hybridization assays, such as DNA microarray experiments, RT-qPCR, and RNA-Seq. (wikipedia.org)
Although scientists can essentially perform thousands of experiments simultaneously on a single microarray, one device can cost upwards of $500 - and it can only be used once. (technologyreview.com)
Using genomic DNA as common reference in microarray experiments has recently been tested by different laboratories. (biomedcentral.com)
Microarray experiments were performed in a γ-proteobacterium Shewanella oneidensis . (biomedcentral.com)
A conceptually sound solution to the problems in type 1 experiments is to use "reference design", which requires co-hybridization of a common reference with all of the samples of the microarrays. (biomedcentral.com)
Microarray experiments can be done for a lot of things and for different reasons. (semimd.com)
After this proved to be successful the datasets from two DNA microarray experiments were analyzed in the same way and the results were evaluated by domain experts. (biomedcentral.com)

Nucleic acid hybridization assays have been used for decades to detect specific sequences of DNA or RNA, with a DNA microarray precursor used as early as 1965. (wikipedia.org)
With the advent of DNA microarray chips in the 1990s and the commercialization of high-throughput methods for sequencing and RNA detection assays, manufacturers of hybridization assay "kits" started to provide pre-developed spike-ins. (wikipedia.org)
The microarray technology is based on the hybridization of labelled DNA or RNA molecules to complementary sequences that are immobilized on a solid substrate. (tutorialspoint.com)
The principle of DNA microarray technology is based on the hybridization of complementary sequences of nucleic acid molecules. (tutorialspoint.com)
The third step in DNA microarray analysis is hybridization. (tutorialspoint.com)
The hybridization occurs between the complementary sequences of the probes and the target molecules. (tutorialspoint.com)
They can be used for large-scale, massively parallel in situ analysis of genetic alterations on a DNA, RNA and protein level using in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry on hundreds of tumor specimens at a time. (karger.com)
Mixed cultures can be grown and sampled and the abundance of each deletion strain determined by hybridization of genomic DNA to an oligonucleotide microarray of the complementary bar-code sequences. (the-scientist.com)
DNA microarrays can be used for many purposes, including gene expression profiling, comparative genomic hybridization, SNP detection, etc. (semimd.com)
A typical microarray experiment involves the hybridization of an mRNA molecule to the DNA template from which it originated. (semimd.com)
Comparative genomic hybridization: assess the entire genome for the presence of changes in DNA copy number. (semimd.com)
Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of 38 breast cancer cell lines: a basis for interpreting complementary DNA microarray data. (wikidata.org)
Traditional methods for tumor characterization are tumor-type specific and include assays such as immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH), quantitative PCR (qPCR), Sanger sequencing and gene signature microarrays [ 1 - 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a type of microarray now routinely used to identify deleted or duplicated regions of DNA sequence in specific chromosomes on a genome-wide basis. (msdmanuals.com)

The 2 most common microarray technologies in use are the oligonucleotide microarrays and the robotically spotted complementary DNA (cDNA) microarrays. (medscape.com)
Oligonucleotide microarrays are manufactured by Affymetrix (Santa Clara, Calif) using photolithographic techniques. (medscape.com)
There are two main types of DNA microarrays: cDNA microarrays and oligonucleotide microarrays. (tutorialspoint.com)
Oligonucleotide microarrays are prepared by synthesizing oligonucleotides directly on the microarray chip. (tutorialspoint.com)

cDNA microarrays are prepared by spotting cDNA fragments on a microarray chip. (tutorialspoint.com)

This cDNA can then be fluorescently labeled and hybridized to the target gene sequences on the microarray. (medscape.com)
that is, incidental binding of the RNA to non-complementary DNA sequences. (wikipedia.org)
The probes are complementary to specific sequences of DNA or RNA molecules that are to be analysed. (tutorialspoint.com)
The DNA microarray contains thousands of known DNA sequences that are complementary to the DNA of the sample being tested. (tutorialspoint.com)
The DNA from the sample binds to the complementary sequences on the microarray, and the amount of bound DNA is measured to determine the expression level of each gene in the sample. (tutorialspoint.com)
The cDNA microarray uses complementary DNA as probes, while the oligonucleotide microarray uses short DNA sequences as probes. (tutorialspoint.com)
In contrast, the gene sequences and gene maps produced by the public consortium have been deposited regularly within 24 hours of completion in GenBank, a public database set up in the early 1980s when DNA sequencing began, access to which is totally free. (biosafety-info.net)
Instead of detecting and studying one gene at a time, microarrays allow thousands of specific DNA or RNA sequences to be tested within a given moment. (semimd.com)

Early studies of DNA melting and reformation were carried out in aqueous solutions and yielded important information about the dependence of melting temperature (Tm) on the G+C composition and salt concentration, as well as information on the dependence of the rate of reassociation on the sequence complexity of the nucleic acid. (ddw-online.com)
The introduction of solid supports for DNA hybridisation/reassociations greatly broadened the range of applications of nucleic acid hybridisations, and provided the basis for solid-based methods being used today. (ddw-online.com)

Messenger RNA (mRNA) from the sample of interest can serve as a template for producing complementary DNA (cDNA) in the presence of a reverse transcriptase enzyme. (medscape.com)
DNA microarray assays are useful in studies of gene expression, because many of the mRNA transcripts present in a cell can be detected at the same time. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, mRNA expression profiles in human and murine colon samples, and in macrophages and monocytes from healthy and inflamed murine colons, were analysed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and mRNA microarray. (frontiersin.org)
Neurone, astrocyte, and endothelial cell-enriched mRNA, obtained by immuno-laser capture microdissection of temporal cortex (Brodmann area 21/22) from 6 cases with self-reported T2D in the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study neuropathology cohort, and an equal number of age and sex-matched controls, was assessed by microarray analysis. (biomedcentral.com)

Pair-wise comparison of three experimental conditions was obtained either with two labeled cDNA samples co-hybridized to the same array, or by employing Shewanella genomic DNA as a standard reference. (biomedcentral.com)
This work could serve as a guideline for microarray data analysis using genomic DNA as a standard reference. (biomedcentral.com)
Rapid growth in the healthcare infrastructure is expected with surging innovative technology that has the potential to support swift and cost-effective screenings for any mutation possible, along with sequence variations in genomic DNA. (dailyopedia.com)

When a sample of unknown RNA is flowed over the array, the RNA base pairs with and binds to complementary DNA. (wikipedia.org)
The tagged DNA binds to its complementary DNA segment and can be detected by measuring the amount and type of fluorescence. (msdmanuals.com)

The utility of coXpress is demonstrated using two publicly available microarray datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
Our method can be used to analyze DNA microarray datasets based on information explicitly and implicitly available in the literature. (biomedcentral.com)

Several techniques have been developed aiming to produce high-density RNA microarrays suitable for quantitative RNA-binding assays. (nature.com)
Quantitative analysis of RNA on a massively parallel array (RNA-MaP) 21 , 23 starts with ssDNA sequencing libraries including an RNA polymerase promoter region, a stall sequence, and a variable region complementary to the desired RNA. (nature.com)

Massively parallel experimental assays, particularly DNA microarrays and sequencing, have revolutionized genomics research in the last decades. (nature.com)
The DNA microarray market across the globe is expected to witness significant growth during the forecast period on account of the increasing investment in technological advancements in genomics. (dailyopedia.com)

Microarrays may be used to assay gene expression within a single sample or to compare gene expression in 2 different cell types or tissue samples, such as in healthy versus diseased tissue. (medscape.com)
Levels of gene expression are measured using a preparation of fluorescently labeled tissue RNA (copies of DNA), together with reference RNA labeled with a different fluorochrome, hybridized onto the slides. (lu.se)
Moreover, the potential of off-label prescription of targeted therapies favors classifying tumors based on DNA alterations rather than traditional tissue pathology. (oncotarget.com)

DNA microarrays are powerful tools for analysing gene expression patterns, detecting DNA mutations, and identifying genetic variations. (tutorialspoint.com)
DNA microarrays are powerful tools that can be used to identify DNA mutations. (msdmanuals.com)

The DNA or RNA molecules that are labelled with fluorescent dyes are hybridized to the probes on the microarray chip. (tutorialspoint.com)
The microarray chip is washed to remove unbound or non-specifically bound molecules. (tutorialspoint.com)
The arrays were provided by chemical-engineering professor Anthony Guiseppi-Elie and doctoral candidate G. Scott Taylor, both from Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, VA. On each array were 16 dots, each containing a larger number of single-stranded DNA molecules aligned in upright positions, standing in rows like soldiers. (technologyreview.com)
BACs are circular DNA molecules that are derived from the F-factor plasmid found in the bacterium E. coli. (tutorialspoint.com)

Two of the most common uses of the DNA microarrays are genetic analysis and the analysis of gene expression. (ddw-online.com)
A total of 7 possible genetic alterations and epigenetic changes in CAFs are discussed, including gene differential expression, karyotype analysis, gene copy number variation, loss of heterozygosis, allelic imbalance, microsatellite instability, post‑transcriptional control and DNA methylation. (spandidos-publications.com)
A comprehensive assessment of these genetic differences using the techniques of complementary DNA has not been performed. (ku.dk)
The global market for DNA microarray is driven by the surging adoption of genetic testing in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry. (dailyopedia.com)
Introduction Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) is a powerful tool in Genetic Research Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) is a widely used tool in genetic research for the manipulation and study of DNA. (tutorialspoint.com)

Non-canonical base pairs are planar hydrogen bonded pairs of nucleobases, having hydrogen bonding patterns which differ from the patterns observed in Watson-Crick base pairs, as in the classic double helical DNA. (wikiversity.org)

The developing complementary technologies of DNA and space (in different cells or tissues within the host). (cdc.gov)

We report a study of early Atlantic cod development that used a genome-wide oligonucleotide microarray to examine the composition and putative roles of polyadenylated transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA microarrays can be used in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to compare patient and control populations to identify DNA variants that can contribute to disease risk. (msdmanuals.com)

The data produced from a microarray experiment typically constitute a long list of measurements of spot intensities and intensity ratios, generated either by a pair-wise comparison of 2 samples or by a comparison of several samples with a common control. (medscape.com)
Unlike DNA, which mostly exists as double-stranded structures that are well defined and exhibit low structural and binding diversity, RNA is typically single-stranded and naturally assumes complex three-dimensional structures. (nature.com)

RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) is performed by reverse transcribing RNA to complementary DNA (cDNA) and high-throughput sequencing the cDNA. (wikipedia.org)
High-throughput sequencing-RNA affinity profiling (HiTS-RAP) 22 is conceptually similar to RNA-MaP, but uses the E. coli replication terminator protein Tus to stall the RNA polymerase after transcribing the variable section of the DNA library. (nature.com)

DNA Arrays. (wikipedia.org)
Dot blotting and dot hybridisation (4) evolved out of the filter hybridisation technique and provided the basic concept for DNA arrays. (ddw-online.com)
The condensation of eukaryotic DNA in arrays of nucleosomes has a profound effect on gene function. (sdbonline.org)

The technology involves the preparation of a microarray chip, which consists of a solid substrate, usually glass or silicon, with thousands or millions of immobilized DNA probes. (tutorialspoint.com)
The cDNA fragments are then labelled with fluorescent dyes and hybridized to the probes on the microarray chip. (tutorialspoint.com)
The microarray chip is prepared by depositing DNA probes onto a solid substrate, usually a glass slide or silicon wafer. (tutorialspoint.com)
The probes can be cDNA fragments or oligonucleotides, depending on the type of microarray. (tutorialspoint.com)
The sample is labeled with fluorescent dyes, either directly or indirectly, and then hybridized to the probes on the microarray chip. (tutorialspoint.com)
Gene probes can be used to locate specific segments of normal or mutated DNA. (msdmanuals.com)
Different types of probes may investigate a broad range of sizes of DNA sequence. (msdmanuals.com)
DNA from a patient is compared to a reference genome using many oligonucleotide probes. (msdmanuals.com)

DNA spiking qPCR Yang IV (2006). (wikipedia.org)

Data Bridge Market Research analyses that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and gene chip (microarrays) market, which was USD 13.24 billion in 2022, would rocket up to USD 36.74 billion by 2030, and is expected to undergo a CAGR of 13.6% during the forecast period 2023 to 2030. (databridgemarketresearch.com)
Microarray analyses detected a suite of master developmental regulators that control differentiation and maintenance of diverse cell lineages. (biomedcentral.com)

In this article, we will discuss the principle, types, and steps involved in the DNA microarray technology. (tutorialspoint.com)
In recent years, the application of functional neuroimaging, microarray technology, proteomic analysis, and metabolomics analysis has significantly improved our understanding of the mechanism of acupuncture [ 25 - 28 ]. (hindawi.com)

RNA can be produced in vitro (cell free) using RNA polymerase and DNA with the desired sequence. (wikipedia.org)
Here we report on a simple and highly accessible approach to convert commercially available customized DNA microarrays of any complexity and density to RNA microarrays via a T7 RNA polymerase-mediated extension of photocrosslinked methyl RNA primers and subsequent degradation of the DNA templates. (nature.com)
The resulting RNA stays attached to the surface since the RNA polymerase remains stalled on the DNA template at the terminal biotin-streptavidin roadblock. (nature.com)
This protein was found to also interact with DNA polymerase alpha/primase and mediate the phosphorylation of the large p180 subunit, which suggests a regulatory role in DNA replication during the S-phase of the cell cycle. (cancerindex.org)
A small amount of DNA can be amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) process, which can produce millions of copies of a gene or gene segments. (msdmanuals.com)

But now a new technique, invented by a team of researchers led by assistant professor Francesco Stellacci in MIT's Department of Materials Science and Engineering, could shorten microarray production time to mere hours and make DNA analysis as inexpensive and common as a blood test. (technologyreview.com)
Microarrays.org, a source for microarray info for researchers. (biomedcentral.com)

DNA microarrays are solid surfaces, usually a small chip, to which short DNA polymers of known sequence are covalently bound. (wikipedia.org)

We take a look at the use of DNA microarray for gene expression or expression profiling and how DNA chips are used for drug discovery and development as a whole. (ddw-online.com)
This report will focus in using DNA microarrays for the analysis of gene expression or expression profiling, and how DNA chips are used for drug discovery and development. (ddw-online.com)
Geographically, the Asia Pacific region is likely to witness growth in the market of DNA microarray as the region holds the largest base for clinical trials and drug discovery. (dailyopedia.com)

In what follows we limit ourselves to the analysis of gene expression measurements obtained using microarrays with small spots of DNA fixed to glass slides. (lu.se)

The Global Microarray Market Report, with its deep industry analysis of the market, estimates the market size bifurcated into segments and regions. (articlepedia.xyz)

abstract = "There is significant human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), many of which are bioactivated by the cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A family of enzymes to metabolites that are capable of covalently binding to DNA, a critical step in the initation of carcinogenesis. (houstonmethodist.org)

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and gene chip (microarrays) are increasingly gaining much importance in emerging economies and increasing awareness about them in remote areas. (databridgemarketresearch.com)
Thus, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and gene chip (microarrays) are discovered to play a critical role in risk assessment and early diagnosis. (databridgemarketresearch.com)

A spike-in is designed to bind to a DNA molecule with a matching sequence, known as a control probe. (wikipedia.org)
Introduction DNA supercoiling is the twisting or coiling of the double helix structure of DNA, resulting in a strain on the molecule. (tutorialspoint.com)
Overview of Genetics A gene, the basic unit of heredity, is a segment of DNA containing all the information necessary to synthesize a polypeptide (protein) or a functional RNA molecule. (msdmanuals.com)

It consists of a small glass slide or silicon chip with thousands of small spots, each containing a different DNA sequence that represents a single gene. (tutorialspoint.com)

New technologies such as microarrays are not only important for fundamental research, but will also be useful for diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic purposes in individual patients. (karger.com)
Today, DNA microarrays are used in clinical diagnostic tests for some diseases. (semimd.com)

Which application and type segment holds the maximum share in the Global Microarray market? (articlepedia.xyz)

Next, there is a fragment with a fluorescent dye that shows and labels the DNA in its color as you test it. (semimd.com)
Fluorescent intensity ratio in each spot demonstrates the DNA trail relative redundancy in two mixed cDNA samples on that spot. (rafinhibitors.com)

Targeting a DNA binding motif of the EVI1 protein by a pyrrole-imidazole polyamide. (rochester.edu)
The sample can be RNA, DNA, or protein, depending on the purpose of the analysis. (tutorialspoint.com)

In the case of gene expression assay microarrays or RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), RNA spike-ins are used. (wikipedia.org)

This method usually involves 70 to 80 steps, so it can take up to a week to produce a single microarray. (technologyreview.com)

Bacteria containing DNA (usually on plasmids) for transcription to spike-ins are also commercially available. (wikipedia.org)
A significant decrease in microRNA (miR)-30c and an increase in regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1 (REDD1) were detected in human GC TAMs, the transcription of miR-30c was negatively correlated with REDD1. (cancerindex.org)
Supercoiling is an essential process that occurs in all living organisms and is critical for a variety of cellular processes, including DNA replication, transcription, and repair. (tutorialspoint.com)

As also explained in greater details later in this article, the side opposite to the sugar linked vertex is traditionally called the Watson-Crick edge, since they are involved in forming the Watson-Crick base pairs which constitute building blocks of double helical DNA. (wikiversity.org)
The double helical structures of DNA or RNA are generally known to have base pairs between complementary bases, Adenine:Thymine (Adenine:Uracil in RNA) or Guanine:Cytosine. (wikiversity.org)

Environmental factors that can detect specific IgE antibodies against most low-molecular- affect the initiation of occupational asthma include the intrinsic weight agents has resulted in a search for alternative or characteristics of causative agents as well as the influence of the complementary physiopathologic mechanisms leading to airway level and route of exposure at the workplace. (cdc.gov)

Each of the shades they created could then be mixed and matched within a single DNA duplex to create a large palette of 16 million colours, or 24-bit colour depth, surpassing the previous 8-bit that has previously been achieved with similar techniques. (chemistryworld.com)
A single microarray can test for millions of different DNA changes using only one sample. (msdmanuals.com)

The complementary DNA in the solution had been chemically modified so that one end of each strand contained an extra chemical group that likes to stick to surfaces such as gold or silicon. (technologyreview.com)

Gene duplication occurs through several mechanisms, including chromosomal duplication, retro transposition, and DNA replication errors. (tutorialspoint.com)

With its double-helix design, DNA is like a long, twisted zipper. (technologyreview.com)

Epigenetic alterations, represented by post-transcriptional control and DNA methylation, have been the focus of recent studies. (spandidos-publications.com)
H2A.Z is preferentially crosslinked in vivo to intergenic DNA at the PH05 and GAL1 loci, and this association changes with transcriptional activation. (sdbonline.org)

Example of an approximately 40,000 probe spotted oligo microarray with enlarged inset to show detail. (medscape.com)
3] If the two cDNA samples consist of trails that are a complement of a DNA probe, then the cDNA sample is mixed with spot. (rafinhibitors.com)
cDNA samples that are found their own complementary probe, are hybrid on array, and the remainder of samples are washed and then the array is scanned by a laser ray for determining the scaling of sample joined to spot. (rafinhibitors.com)

One of the best decoding tools at the disposal of geneticists and biologists is a microarray, a silicon or glass chip about 1.5 centimeters square printed with a grid of microscopic dots - tens, even hundreds, of thousands of dots, each one a different segment of synthetic DNA. (technologyreview.com)

The microarray chip is scanned using a fluorescence scanner to measure the intensity of fluorescence at each spot on the chip. (tutorialspoint.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms12

Diseases17

Chemicals and Drugs44

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment67

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes76

Disciplines and Occupations11

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Humanities1

Information Science32

Health Care19

Genes32

Strands13

Experiments8

Hybridization14

Oligonucleotide microarrays4

CDNA microarrays1

Sequences8

Nucleic acid2

MRNA4

Genomic3

Binds2

Datasets2

Quantitative2

Genomics2

Tissue3

Mutations2

Molecules4

Genetic5

Patterns1

Tissues1

Genome-wide2

Typically2

High-throughput2

Arrays3

Probes8

QPCR1

Analyses2

Technology2

Polymerase5

Researchers2

Bound1

Drug discovery3

Analysis of gene expression1

Segments1

Abstract1

Gene Chip2

Molecule3

Spots1

Diagnostic2

Type1

Fluorescent2

Protein2

Assay1

Involves1

Transcription3

Base pairs2

Detect1

Single2

Chemically1

Replication1

Double helix1

Transcriptional2

Probe3

Silicon1

Intensity1