• There is limited evidence on how the classification of maternal metabolic syndrome during pregnancy affects children's developmental outcomes and the possible mediators of this association. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study uses a cohort sample of 12,644 to 13,832 mother-child pairs from the UK Born in Bradford Study to examine the associations between maternal metabolic syndrome classification (MetS) and child development outcomes at age 5, using cord blood markers as candidate mediators. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results support the hypothesis that maternal metabolic syndrome classification during pregnancy is associated with some child developmental outcomes at age 5. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The prevalence of obesity continues to rise and its direct association with multiple co-morbidities has substantial effect on disease outcomes and increased health care spending. (napcrg.org)
  • A health statistics review uses existing health data from data sources like birth certificates and health registries to determine whether health outcomes in a particular community are occurring at a higher, lower, or about the same level compared to statewide or national levels after taking into account factors such as gender and age of individuals within the community. (cdc.gov)
  • Our results suggest that coffee consumption during pregnancy might not itself contribute to adverse outcomes such as stillbirth, sporadic miscarriages and pre-term birth or lower gestational age or birthweight of the offspring. (ntnu.no)
  • Adverse birth outcomes, such as early gestational age and low birth weight, can have lasting effects on morbidity and mortality, with impacts that persist into adulthood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Identifying the maternal factors that contribute to adverse birth outcomes in the next generation is thus a priority. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Epigenetic clocks, which have emerged as powerful tools for quantifying biological aging and various dimensions of physiological dysregulation, hold promise for clarifying relationships between maternal biology and infant health, including the maternal factors or states that predict birth outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nevertheless, studies exploring the relationship between maternal epigenetic age and birth outcomes remain few. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Birth outcomes like birth weight, length, and gestational age predict both short- and long-term health. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Experimental work with animal models shows that restricting prenatal nutrition, or imposing acute stress during pregnancy, replicates many of these long-term outcomes in offspring, showing that gestational conditions can have lasting effects on health in the next generation [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An association between VOC-contaminated drinking water and adverse late pregnancy outcomes is plausible, but further investigation is needed. (cdc.gov)
  • Previous studies indicated a range of risk factors associated with these poor outcomes, including maternal psychosocial and economic wellbeing. (springer.com)
  • The unresolved "epidemiological paradox" concerns the association between low socioeconomic status and unexpectedly favourable birth outcomes in foreign born mothers. (bmj.com)
  • The "healthy migrant" effect concerns the association between foreign born status per se and birth outcomes. (bmj.com)
  • In this study we investigated whether these joint introductions of tobacco control policies in the Netherlands were associated with changes in key perinatal outcomes known to be associated with maternal smoking and/or SHS exposure. (nature.com)
  • While the observed associations between DDT and such outcomes might not be causal, the studies are not so flawed that the observations can be dismissed out of hand. (cdc.gov)
  • Background: Variations in cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) are suggested to be partly influenced by factors that affect prenatal growth patterns and outcomes, namely degree of maternal investment (proxied by birth weight and gestational age). (zu.ac.ae)
  • OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between smoke from prescribed burning and cardiorespiratory outcomes in the U.S. state of Kansas. (cdc.gov)
  • Elevated levels of maternal cortisol have been hypothesized as the intermediate process between symptoms of depression and psychosocial stress during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. (researchsquare.com)
  • Therefore, we examined associations between cortisol levels in the second trimester of pregnancy and risks of three common birth outcomes in a nested case-control study. (researchsquare.com)
  • Multivariable linear and logistic regression was performed to assess the associations between continuous and categorized cortisol levels and the selected outcomes. (researchsquare.com)
  • The results of this study showed no suggestions of associations between maternal awakening cortisol levels in mid-pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, except for an increased risk of SGA. (researchsquare.com)
  • Common adverse birth outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and small-for-gestational age (SGA), are associated with neonatal mortality and long-term health problems, including neurodevelopmental impairments, respiratory and gastrointestinal complications, and higher sympathetic activity, which is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease [1-4]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Previous research linked maternal psychosocial problems with increased risks of these birth outcomes, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood yet [5]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Associations between air pollution metrics and birth outcomes were investigated using generalized additive models, adjusting for maternal age, parity, race/ethnicity, insurance status, poverty, gestational age and sex of the infants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Background Limited studies have assessed the association of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) during pregnancy with adverse maternal outcomes using a population-based nationwide dataset that covers all MVCs. (ncku.edu.tw)
  • All study subjects were linked to medical claims and the Death Registry to identify the maternal outcomes after crashes. (ncku.edu.tw)
  • Scooter riders had higher ORs of various adverse maternal outcomes than car drivers. (ncku.edu.tw)
  • Conclusions Women involved in MVCs during pregnancy were at increased risk of various adverse maternal outcomes, especially in those with severe MVCs and riding scooters at MVCs. (ncku.edu.tw)
  • For nearly 3 decades, the World Health Organization (WHO) has argued that although Cesarean deliveries clearly improve maternal and child health outcomes when medically indicated, a population-level Cesarean section rate of greater than 10-15% is not linked with better health outcomes [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Maternal alcohol intake prior to and during pregnancy and risk of adverse birth outcomes: evidence from a British cohort. (alcoholresearchforum.org)
  • Evidence is conflicting regarding the relationship between low maternal alcohol consumption and birth outcomes. (alcoholresearchforum.org)
  • There have been literally hundreds of epidemiologic studies relating the maternal use of alcohol during pregnancy and outcomes among the offspring. (alcoholresearchforum.org)
  • Objective: To assess whether functional maternal or fetal genotypes along well-characterized metabolic pathways (ie, CYP1A1, GSTT1, and CYP2A6) may account for varying associations with adverse outcomes among pregnant women who smoke. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Outcomes included birth weight, pregnancy loss, preterm birth, small for gestational age, and a composite outcome composed of the latter four components plus abruption. (uthscsa.edu)
  • It is possible that associations of GWG with outcomes do not result from GWG itself, but rather to underlying factors that influence both weight gain and the outcomes (e.g., maternal diet composition or physical activity level). (nationalacademies.org)
  • Background: Maternal sensitivity, or high quality maternal caregiving, in which the mother leads and structures the infant's early experiences in a responsive way, is associated with improved child development outcomes and health, both in the immediate and long term, and thus an important area of public health research. (columbia.edu)
  • Aim: This study investigates the association of several factors: (1) maternal depressive symptomology, (2) breastfeeding, (3) concurrent maternal alcohol intake and (4) infant biological vulnerability upon outcomes of (1) Maternal Sensitivity and (2) Infant Cognitive Development, as well as their effect on the association between senstivity and cognitive development. (columbia.edu)
  • Regulation of maternal thyroid hormones during pregnancy is crucial for optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends that maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) be maintained between 0.1 and 2.5 mIU/L in trimester 1 (T-1), 0.2 and 3.0 mIU/L in trimester 2 (T-2), and 0.3 and 3.0 mIU/L in trimester 3 (T-3) to prevent potential adverse outcomes related to maternal and fetal hypothyroidism. (medscape.com)
  • The risk of adverse birth outcomes has been shown to increase as the duration of short intervals decrease (i.e., 12-17 months, 6-11 months, and less than 6 months), and these patterns may reflect different maternal demographic profiles. (cdc.gov)
  • After adjusting for maternal, child, and environmental covariates, maternal metabolic syndrome classification during pregnancy was associated with children's LIT domain through direct effects of maternal metabolic health and indirect effects of cord blood markers (total effects), and COM and PSE domains via changes only in a child's cord blood markers (total indirect effects). (biomedcentral.com)
  • There is limited evidence from human studies on how maternal cardiometabolic health during pregnancy affects a child's cognitive and behavioural development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pathogenesis of obesity is multifactorial but some risk factors have been associated with maternal health during pregnancy. (napcrg.org)
  • We evaluated the association between receipt of inactivated influenza vaccine during pregnancy and prematurity and small for gestational age (SGA) births. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Methods and Findings: We conducted a cohort analysis of surveillance data from the Georgia (United States) Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Conclusions: This study demonstrates an association between immunization with the inactivated influenza vaccine during pregnancy and reduced likelihood of prematurity during local, regional, and widespread influenza activity periods. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • However, we can confirm previous findings of perinatal determinants as high maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, and smoking during pregnancy being risk factors for childhood overweight. (nih.gov)
  • Previously we found that certain fetal imprinted genes represented as an allele score are associated with maternal pregnancy glucose concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently it was reported that fetal polymorphisms with strong associations with birth weight tend to mediate these independently of increases in maternal pregnancy glucose concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Genetics can have roles in regulating both maternal glucose concentrations in pregnancy and fetal growth expressed as offspring birth weight. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We recently reported associations between fetal imprinted genes represented as an allele score and both gestational diabetes and maternal glucose concentrations in late pregnancy [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the current study we therefore examined relationships between our fetal imprinted gene allele score and measures of size at birth, in particular investigating whether any allele score associations with size at birth appear to be attenuated by maternal glucose concentrations in pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Background: Research has revealed group-level differences in maternal blood pressure trajectories across pregnancy. (researchgate.net)
  • Preventing exposure to arsenic contaminated drinking water during pregnancy could improve maternal health. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of varying degrees of severity with onset or first recognition during pregnancy [1,2]. (who.int)
  • Throughout pregnancy, maternal cortisol levels increase twofold, and cortisol crosses the placenta, accounting for 30-40% of the variability in fetal concentrations [10]. (researchsquare.com)
  • Methods A total of 20 844 births from women who had been involved in MVCs during pregnancy were obtained from the National Birth Notification (BN) Database in Taiwan. (ncku.edu.tw)
  • Gestational age was determined early in pregnancy using a rigorous algorithm. (grassrootshealth.net)
  • We used fetal malpresentation as a natural experiment as it predicts Cesarean delivery but is uncorrelated with pre-pregnancy weight or maternal health. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using propensity score methods, we compared maternal weight prior to the second pregnancy of mothers who delivered via Cesarean due to fetal malpresentation to mothers who deliver vaginally. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found no evidence that Cesarean delivery in the first pregnancy causally leads to greater maternal weight, BMI, or movement to a higher BMI classification prior to the second pregnancy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After accounting for correlations between pre-pregnancy weight, gestational weight gain, and mode of delivery, there is no evidence of a causal link between Cesarean delivery and maternal weight retention. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pre-pregnancy weight or BMI is also correlated with both gestational weight gain and postpartum weight [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pregnancy rates did not change notably between the 27-29 age group and the 30-34 age group, but dropped significantly for the 35-39 age group. (wikipedia.org)
  • The study aims to evaluate the association between teenage pregnancy and prematurity. (scielo.org)
  • Prematurity is still an issue in the field of maternal and child health, and the association with teenage pregnancy identified in this study is worrisome, especially because younger adolescent mothers were associated with higher odds of spontaneous prematurity. (scielo.org)
  • This paper aimed to investigate the association between alcohol intake before and during pregnancy with birth weight and gestational age and to examine the effect of timing of exposure. (alcoholresearchforum.org)
  • The emphasis of the report Nutrition During Pregnancy (IOM, 1990) was on the short-term consequences of gestational weight gain (GWG). (nationalacademies.org)
  • Maternal smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for low infant birth weight, but evidence on critical exposure windows and timing of fetal growth restriction is limited. (plos.org)
  • Here we investigate the associations of maternal quitting, reducing, and continuing smoking during pregnancy with longitudinal fetal growth by triangulating evidence from 3 analytical approaches to strengthen causal inference. (plos.org)
  • We analysed data from 8,621 European liveborn singletons in 2 population-based pregnancy cohorts (the Generation R Study, the Netherlands 2002-2006 [ n = 4,682]) and the Born in Bradford study, United Kingdom 2007-2010 [ n = 3,939]) with fetal ultrasound and birth anthropometric measures, parental smoking during pregnancy, and maternal genetic data. (plos.org)
  • A consistent linear dose-dependent association of maternal smoking with fetal growth was observed from the early second trimester onwards, while no major growth deficit was found in women who quit smoking early in pregnancy except for a shorter FL during late gestation. (plos.org)
  • Maternal smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for low infant birth weight. (plos.org)
  • We analysed data from 8,621 white European liveborn singletons from 2 population-based pregnancy cohorts to assess the associations of maternal quitting, reducing, and continuing smoking during pregnancy with the longitudinal growth of different fetal parameters (weight, head circumference, femur length, and abdominal circumference). (plos.org)
  • WRAP-Association-between-fetal-abdominal-growth-trajectories-maternal-metabolite-signatures-early-in-pregnancy-and-childhood-growth-and-adiposity-Zammit-2022.pdf - Published Version - Requires a PDF viewer. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Early pregnancy maternal blood and umbilical cord venous blood samples were collected for untargeted metabolomic analysis. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Early pregnancy lipid biology associated with fetal abdominal growth trajectories is an indicator of patterns of growth, adiposity, vision, and neurodevelopment up to the age of 2 years. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The rates of gestational diabetes -- high blood sugar that starts, or is first diagnosed, during pregnancy -- were investigated by researchers in British Columbia. (scienceboard.net)
  • Although gestational diabetes is manageable during pregnancy, a diagnosis affects both patients and the health system, requiring lifestyle changes, additional healthcare appointments, and monitoring during and after pregnancy. (scienceboard.net)
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Gestational diabetes mellitus accounts for 90% of cases of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, while preexisting type 2 diabetes accounts for 8% of such cases. (medscape.com)
  • The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for gestational diabetes mellitus after 24 weeks of pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Women with prediabetes identified before pregnancy should be considered at extremely high risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Logistic regression analysis was con- nal malnutrition and anaemia, maternal km of a unique air pollution monitor- ducted to examine the predictive effect of age, weight gain during pregnancy as ing station, were aged 18-35 years and air pollution on LBW. (who.int)
  • There are no specific guidelines addressing maternal levothyroxine (LT4) dose adjustments throughout pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Close monitoring of maternal thyroid function is recommended in hypothyroid women during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • Currently, there are no guidelines outlining a specific method for managing the LT4 dose in hypothyroid patients throughout the entire pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • In an attempt to avoid abnormal maternal TSH levels at any time during pregnancy, some practitioners suggest checking serum TSH every 2 weeks during T-1, and less frequently thereafter, with dose adjustments made on an individual basis to maintain goal TSH. (medscape.com)
  • Title : Association of Maternal Body Mass Index, Excessive Weight Gain, and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus With Large-for-Gestational-Age Births Personal Author(s) : Kim, Shin Y.;Sharma, Andrea J.;Sappenfield, William;Wilson, Hoyt G.;Salihu, Hamisu M. (cdc.gov)
  • The primary aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between birth weight for gestational age and weight gain trajectories in early childhood and long term incidence of multiple chronic conditions including cardiometabolic disease risk factors (as Types 1 & 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, adult obesity, and hyperlipidemia), Asthma and Polycystic ovarian Syndrom. (napcrg.org)
  • The Cumulative Incidence of different chronic diseases in this cohort by age 30 year are as follows: Hypertension 3.1%, Hyperlipidemia 4.2%, Types 1&2 Diabetes: 1.9%, Asthma 18.0%, PCOS 2.4% (among 4839 females). (napcrg.org)
  • 105 384 newborns (⩾2000 g and ⩾36 weeks) were analysed, and the effect of higher birth weight on total serum bilirubin (TSB) ⩾342 μmol/l was reported using logistic regression to control for gestational age, scalp injury diagnosis, maternal diabetes, method of delivery and other confounders. (bmj.com)
  • This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sleep quality and duration on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) occurrence. (healthandbehavior.com)
  • To evaluate whether treatment of mild gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) confers sustained offspring health benefits, including a lower frequency of obesity. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • In-utero hyperglycemia exposure influences later cardiometabolic risk, although few studies include women with pre-existing type 2 diabetes (T2D) or assess maternal body mass index (BMI) as a potential confounder. (nature.com)
  • To explore the association of maternal T2D and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with childhood anthropometry, and the influence of maternal BMI on these associations. (nature.com)
  • ABSTRACT A study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia investigated the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its predictors in a high-parity group of pregnant women (n = 633, 50.1% grand multiparas). (who.int)
  • The prevalence of GDM was 12.5% and 3.8% by World Health Organization and American Diabetes Association criteria respectively. (who.int)
  • Associations have been reported between intrauterine growth restriction and the incidence of several chronic conditions in later life such as type 2 diabetes mellitus[ 1 ] or cardiovascular diseases[ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fetal ovarian cysts have been associated with pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes, toxemia, and Rh isoimmunization, probably due to the increased production of hCG by the placenta and are rarely associated with other congenital anomalies [2, 4, 6, 12-14]. (degruyter.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate maternal and neonatal risk factors for type 1 diabetes in children under 15 years old in Grampian, Scotland. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between various maternal and neonatal factors and the risk of type 1 diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • No evidence was found of a significant association between other maternal and neonatal factors and childhood type 1 diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In Scotland, between 1984 and 2003 the incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes increased by 2.6% per year, and this rise has been greater in children aged under 5 years [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In 2007, there were approximately 27,000 people with type 1 diabetes in Scotland, of which about 1,800 were under 15 years of age [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many investigators have focussed on the relationship between maternal and neonatal factors and the subsequent risk of type 1 diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the evidence on the role of many maternal and neonatal factors in the development of childhood type 1 diabetes is inconclusive and only one study has presented data on the Scottish population [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • March 20, 2023 -- A study published Monday in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that although gestational diabetes is reportedly on the rise, changes in screening practices may largely explain the increase. (scienceboard.net)
  • Gestational diabetes occurs when a hormone made by the placenta prevents the body from using insulin properly. (scienceboard.net)
  • In 2017, British Columbia had the highest provincial rate of gestational diabetes at 13.9%, compared with 9% across Canada. (scienceboard.net)
  • However, the researchers found that the increase was largely due to changes in gestational diabetes screening practices, from a two-step screening process to a more sensitive one-step screening process. (scienceboard.net)
  • Unadjusted models estimated a 2.04 increased risk of gestational diabetes in 2019 compared with 2005. (scienceboard.net)
  • Despite concerns that a higher proportion of pregnant women with high body mass index, older maternal age, or greater obstetric risk were leading to higher rates of gestational diabetes, these factors did not significantly contribute to the yearly increase in gestational diabetes in British Columbia across the 15-year study period. (scienceboard.net)
  • The researchers say their study highlights the importance of having accurate data on screening methods and completion to better understand the rising incidence of gestational diabetes observed elsewhere. (scienceboard.net)
  • We need to look at gestational diabetes policies in British Columbia, because screening changes alone are driving the substantial increase in diagnosis in our province," Elizabeth Nethery, lead author and a University of British Columbia postdoctoral research fellow, said in a statement. (scienceboard.net)
  • If maternal diabetes is longstanding or associated with known microvascular disease, obtain a baseline maternal electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiogram. (medscape.com)
  • METHODS: A pregnant women cohort was conducted at Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Corporation, and 1,097 mothers with live singleton births were included in analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • We undertook a national quasi-experimental study, which involved analysing the association between the 2004 and 2008 joint introduction of tobacco control policies and perinatal mortality, preterm birth and SGA births using monthly data from a comprehensive dataset of singleton births in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2011. (nature.com)
  • We attempted to estimate the consequences for infant deaths if maternal DDT exposure in fact increases preterm births and decreases the duration of lactation with the strength of association seen in North America. (cdc.gov)
  • We randomly selected 83 274 control births from women in the BN matched on age, gestational age and crash date. (ncku.edu.tw)
  • 37 weeks) and term births (gestational age 37 weeks to 41 weeks and 6 days). (scielo.org)
  • such as maternal age, maternal edu- mortality, and has been established as a Data on all singleton term births cation, maternal job, socioeconomic determinant of neonatal mortality [1]. (who.int)
  • This report examines categories of short interpregnancy intervals by maternal demographic characteristics among second and higher-order singleton births, using revised birth certificate data for 47 states and the District of Columbia (96% of births) in 2014. (cdc.gov)
  • The percentages of births to mothers with intervals less than 6 months were higher for mothers aged 35 and over at the previous birth (5.7%) and for mothers under age 25 at the previous birth (5.1% among those under age 20 and 5.6% among age group 20-24) compared with other age groups ( Figure 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The percentage of births to mothers with intervals of 6-11 months increased with increasing maternal age at previous birth: from 8.8% among mothers under age 20 to 16.3% among mothers aged 35 and over. (cdc.gov)
  • Through reducing maternal smoking and SHS exposure, tobacco control policies have considerable potential to benefit perinatal health. (nature.com)
  • Here, we use published data on the relationship between DDT spraying and levels in maternal serum and breast milk in Africa to estimate the increased exposure from spraying. (cdc.gov)
  • Upon examining individual symptoms, only nausea/vomiting and abdominal cramping showed consistent associations with arsenic exposure. (oregonstate.edu)
  • This observational study suggests a possible association between exposure to aluminum in some childhood vaccines and development of persistent asthma in children. (cdc.gov)
  • The study consisted of 326,991 children and found that cumulative exposure to aluminum from vaccines during the first two years of life was associated with a small increased risk of persistent asthma in children ages 2-5 years. (cdc.gov)
  • Further, some, but not all, follow-up studies of pre-natal alcohol use by women have shown some physical and/or behavioral defects that have been attributed to lesser degrees of maternal alcohol use, and classified as Fetal Alcohol Exposure (FAE). (alcoholresearchforum.org)
  • Problem: Prenatal exposure to metabolic dysregulation arising from maternal obesity can have negative health consequences in post-natal life. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Although previous research has established that exposure to high maternal sensitivity advances the outcome of infant cognitive development, factors such as breastfeeding, which is hypothesized to confound the association, or depression, which is negatively associated with sensitivity, have not yet been examined together in a single study. (columbia.edu)
  • Gene-environment interaction among GSTT1, PON2 polymorphisms and organic solvent s on gestational age in a Chinese women cohort. (cdc.gov)
  • gestational age and pre-term birth (N = 43 568 from the 23andMe, Inc cohort) and birthweight (N = 297 356 reporting own birthweight and N = 210 248 reporting offspring's birthweight from UKBB and the Early Growth Genetics Consortium). (ntnu.no)
  • Methods The UK's Born in Bradford cohort study recruited pregnant women attending a routine antenatal appointment at 26-28 weeks' gestation at the Bradford Royal Infirmary (2007-2010). (springer.com)
  • METHODS: A prospective cohort was recruited in Bangladesh from 2008-2011 (N = 1,458). (oregonstate.edu)
  • To assess whether there was an independent association between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations at 24-28 weeks of gestation and preterm birth in a multicenter U.S. cohort of twin pregnancies. (grassrootshealth.net)
  • Late second-trimester maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations less than 75 nmol/L are associated with an increase in the risk of preterm birth in this cohort of twin pregnancies. (grassrootshealth.net)
  • This method allowed for the precise quantification of targeted metabolite biomarkers using an OC blood cohort comprising control samples (n = 464), benign samples (n = 3), and OC samples (n = 13).Eleven functional modules were identified as significant differentiators (false discovery rate, FDR (stanford.edu)
  • A prospective cohort in Leeds, UK, of 1303 pregnant women aged 18-45 years. (alcoholresearchforum.org)
  • Methods: Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth (ECLS-B) Cohort, a nationally representative sample of U.S. born children, depressive symptomology was evaluated as an effect-modifier, and breastfeeding was evaluated as a confounder of the sensitivity-cognitive development association. (columbia.edu)
  • National population-based cohort study of 692 428 live-born infants ≥36 gestational weeks in Sweden, 2009-2015. (nih.gov)
  • ABSTRACT This historical cohort study was designed to clarify the association between air pollution and low birth weight (LBW) amongst women referred to Tehran hospitals in 2007. (who.int)
  • Multilevel logistic regression was used to examine the interaction between maternal education and foreign born status, adjusting for covariates. (bmj.com)
  • The association with timing of the tobacco control policies was investigated using interrupted time series logistic regression analyses with adjustment for confounders. (nature.com)
  • The multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the independent association of sleep-related variables with GDM occurrence. (healthandbehavior.com)
  • Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by logistic regression for the association between parental age and childhood cancer after adjustment for sex, birth weight, gestational age, birth order, plurality, maternal race, birth year, and state. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Associations between maternal and infant characteristics and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy were calculated with logistic regression analyses, and risks were presented as odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. (nih.gov)
  • Risk for cesarean section was increased in association with induction of labor in cases of high maternal weight (OR 10.3, CI 16.0 - 67.0), and somewhat of high birth weight (OR 2.3, but CI containing 1). (scirp.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Maternal genetic susceptibility GSTT1 and PON2 rs12026 could significantly modify the association of organic solvent s with gestational age. (cdc.gov)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that older maternal age increases risk for most common childhood cancers. (oregonstate.edu)
  • 5 Those singled out as particularly important include socioeconomic status, maternal education, and birth weight 6 or socioeconomic status/parental education and stimulation of the child. (bmj.com)
  • Generalized Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (GMDR) method was used to explore interactions among these factors with adjustment for important potential confounders. (cdc.gov)
  • Models were adjusted for potential maternal, socioeconomic, and child confounders such as maternal education, deprivation, and gestational age. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unmeasured confounders and/or measurement errors might have produced spurious positive associations between birth weight and some air pollution metrics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Are maternal depression, breastfeeding, maternal alcohol intake and infant biological vulnerability effect modifiers or confounders of the maternal sensitivity and infant cognitive development association? (columbia.edu)
  • Maternal alcohol use and biological vulnerability were also hypothesized to be confounders of the sensitivity-cognitive association. (columbia.edu)
  • Objective To assess the importance of maternal intelligence, and the effect of controlling for it and other important confounders, in the link between breast feeding and children's intelligence. (bmj.com)
  • Design Examination of the effect of breast feeding on cognitive ability and the impact of a range of potential confounders, in particular maternal IQ, within a national database. (bmj.com)
  • We observed that children exposed to adverse perinatal circumstances such as being born small for gestational age, born in families with lower socioeconomic position or having a congenital anomaly had a higher risk of CD. (lu.se)
  • BACKGROUND: Arsenic, a common groundwater pollutant, is associated with adverse reproductive health but few studies have examined its effect on maternal health. (oregonstate.edu)
  • We describe and illustrate a method of using results from randomized control trials (RCTs) to estimate changes in rates of adverse asthma events (AAEs) that result from expanding access to asthma interventions. (cdc.gov)
  • Prior Mendelian randomization (MR) studies exploring this question do not distinguish the mechanistic contributions of variants that directly influence birth weight through the foetal genome (direct foetal effects), vs. variants influencing birth weight indirectly by causing an adverse intrauterine environment (indirect maternal effects). (imperial.ac.uk)
  • To date, the specific effects of maternal obesity on fetal immunity at a cellular level have not been well characterized. (elsevierpure.com)
  • [ 12 ] A report of data from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development regarding 1037 live-born infants with NIHF revealed a 35.1% neonatal mortality and a 43.2% overall mortality at age 1 year. (medscape.com)
  • Although Cesarean delivery has a long record of improving maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity, increased utilization over time has yielded public health concerns and calls for reductions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There was no association for infants ⩾39 weeks. (bmj.com)
  • Further research should explore the causal mechanism for the association in less-mature infants. (bmj.com)
  • For example, early gestational age at birth predicts the two largest causes of death in premature infants: underdevelopment of mature organs and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a chronic lung disease that damages alveolar tissue [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To study the usefulness of the procalcitonin (PCT) test in young febrile infants between 1 and 3 months of age. (e-cep.org)
  • Methods: We evaluated the medical records of 336 febrile infants between 1 and 3 months of age who visited the Emergency Department or outpatient department of Samsung Changwon Hospital from May 2015 to February 2017, and analyzed the clinical characteristics. (e-cep.org)
  • The risk of childhood obesity is increased among infants who had overweight or obesity at birth, but in low-resource settings one in five infants are born small for gestational age. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The infants' health, growth, and development were monitored from birth to age 2 years. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • From Feb 8, 2012, to Nov 30, 2019, we enrolled 3598 pregnant women and followed up their infants to 2 years of age. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • The majority of infant studies examining the maternal sensitivity-infant cognition association include either normal birth weight infants or LBW infant samples. (columbia.edu)
  • Using the LBW category may result in potential misclassification since this group combines at least two different phenomena and includes infants who have had either compromised gestational time as in the case of small for gestational age (SGA), or insufficient gestational time, as in the case of premature birth, or both. (columbia.edu)
  • However, none of these studies examine the association between sensitivity and cognitive outcome in infants exclusively premature or SGA. (columbia.edu)
  • Using the life history trajectory model, this study investigates whether maternal investment in early prenatal life associates with menarcheal age and whether maternal investment affects CVD risk in adulthood and predicts adult size and adiposity levels. (zu.ac.ae)
  • This study aimed to determine the frequency of abnormalities in the newborn oral cavity and to evaluate the association with prenatal and perinatal factors. (e-cep.org)
  • Using a suite of 15 epigenetic clocks, we only found one significant relationship: advanced age on the epigenetic clock trained on leptin predicted a significantly earlier gestational age at delivery ( β = − 0.15, p = 0.009). (biomedcentral.com)
  • This risk is significantly influenced by maternal weight, birth weight and Bishop score. (scirp.org)
  • When investigating the associations of birth weight SDS and age at menarche with growth indices, it was found that only birth weight was positively and significantly associated with both height (β = 1.342 cm, 95% CI (0.12, 2.57), p = 0.032) and leg length (β = 0.968 cm, 95% CI (0.08, 1.86), p = 0.034). (zu.ac.ae)
  • Statistical analysis showed that the women in the 27-29 age group had significantly less chance on average of becoming pregnant than did the 19- to 26-year-olds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conclusion: Fetal GSTT1 deletion significantly and specifically modifies the effect of smoking on gestational age-corrected birth weight. (uthscsa.edu)
  • 1 Age groups under 20, 20-24, and 35 and over are significantly different from age groups 25-29 and 30-34. (cdc.gov)
  • Age group 35 and over is significantly different from age group under 20. (cdc.gov)
  • Data regarding maternal socio-demographic and mental health were recorded. (springer.com)
  • In this study, the relationship between child malnutrition, depression, anxiety and other maternal socio-demographic variables was investigated in mothers of malnourished (MD) and eutrophic (ME) children. (bvsalud.org)
  • We therefore investigated whether potential associations between the fetal allele score and birth weight were related to maternal glucose concentrations in the Cambridge Baby Growth Study. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Altered early growth likely influences the metabolic syndrome pathway, with obesity and T2D both occurring at a younger age [ 7 ]. (nature.com)
  • Observational evidence suggests Cesarean delivery is associated with increased maternal postpartum weight, which may have significant implications for the obesity epidemic. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusion: This study demonstrates an association between maternal obesity and fetal immunity. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Both the two-sample MR and one-sample GRS analyses showed no change in risk of sporadic miscarriages, stillbirths, pre-term birth or effect on gestational age connected to coffee consumption. (ntnu.no)
  • Although both analyses showed an association between increased coffee consumption and higher birthweight, the magnitude of the effect was inconsistent. (ntnu.no)
  • We apply epidemiological methods such as multilevel analyses and sibling designs in order to approach causality. (lu.se)
  • Here, we attempt to replicate a series of analyses previously reported in a US-based sample, using a larger similarly aged sample ( n = 296) of participants of a long-running study in the Philippines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regression analyses were conducted to establish associations. (zu.ac.ae)
  • We compared results from (1) confounder-adjusted multivariable analyses, (2) a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using maternal rs1051730 genotype as an instrument for smoking quantity and ease of quitting, and (3) a negative control analysis comparing maternal and mother's partner's smoking associations. (plos.org)
  • Study limitations include measurement error due to maternal self-report of smoking and the modest sample size for MR analyses resulting in unconfounded estimates being less precise. (plos.org)
  • Univariate and multi-variable regression analyses were used to examine whether the four maternal factors were associated with Maternal Sensitivity, measured by the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale (NCATS), and with Cognitive Development, measured by the Bayley Scale of Infant Development, Research Edition (BSF-R). (columbia.edu)
  • Univariate regression analyses showed that of the measures of biological vulnerability, premature birth had the greatest association with both sensitivity and cognitive development in comparison to the LBW or SGA. (columbia.edu)
  • A set of tools called epigenetic clocks have recently been shown to reflect various domains of physiology and metabolism, and thus could be useful for gauging the intergenerational impacts of chronic maternal physiological and metabolic dysregulation [ 17 , 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adjustment for maternal BMI strengthened the negative association between GDM and child weight, BMI and circumferences. (nature.com)
  • Maternal T2D was no longer associated with greater child mean skinfolds ( p = 0.14) or waist circumference ( p = 0.18) after adjustment for maternal BMI. (nature.com)
  • However, after adjustment for maternal age and history of abortion, nulliparous women were 2.95 times more likely to develop GDM than parous women. (who.int)
  • Paternal age was not independently associated with most childhood cancers after adjustment for maternal age. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Adjustment for maternal intelligence accounted for most of this effect. (bmj.com)
  • A health statistics review can take risk factors such as age, race and sex that are commonly found on health records into account. (cdc.gov)
  • We also observed that maternal CD seems not to be the cause of the previously reported increased risk of CD in girls. (lu.se)
  • Furthermore, we observed that maternal length of stay in Sweden seems to affect the risk of CD in second-generation immigrant children. (lu.se)
  • Both methods pose a risk of fetal death. (medscape.com)
  • Conclusion: Although the results do not fully support that Emirati females fast-life history is associated with increased chronic disease risk, the data does suggest a link between restricted fetal growth in response to low maternal investment and metabolic and reproductive health. (zu.ac.ae)
  • Maternal postpartum distress is apparently not an independent risk factor for childhood overweight at 7-years-of-age. (nih.gov)
  • This association was partially attenuated by adjusting for maternal glucose concentrations (β = 50 (4-95) g/risk allele, β′ = 0.089, p = 0.03, n = 405). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The allele score was also positively associated with risk of being large for gestational age at birth (odds ratio 1.60 (1.19-2.15) per risk allele, p = 2.1 × 10 −3 , n = 660) and negatively associated with risk of being small for gestational age at birth (odds ratio 0.65 (0.44-0.96) per risk allele, p = 0.03, n = 660). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Objective: To provide the first review and meta-analysis of the association between perinatal and neonatal factors and autism risk. (harvard.edu)
  • Therefore, we might observe a positive association between Cesarean delivery and maternal postpartum weight simply because heavier women are at a greater risk of having the clinical indications for Cesarean delivery and are more likely to weigh more after birth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study, while not large (1,303 pregnant women) evaluated reported alcohol intake to birth weight and the risk that an infant is small for gestational age (SGA). (alcoholresearchforum.org)
  • Parental age and risk of childhood cancer: a pooled analysis. (oregonstate.edu)
  • We investigated whether advancing parental age increases childhood cancer risk. (oregonstate.edu)
  • This increased risk decreased to 1.89 after accounting for the rise in screening completion, and further decreased to only 1.34 after accounting for changes in screening methods. (scienceboard.net)
  • Our aim was to identify antepartum risk factors for neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, with a focus on maternal body mass index and height. (nih.gov)
  • The risk of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy increased with decreasing maternal height and increasing body mass index. (nih.gov)
  • Antepartum risk factors for moderate to severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy included nulliparity, previous cesarean delivery, short stature, overweight, gestational age, occiput posterior presentation and birthweight. (nih.gov)
  • The combination of maternal short stature and overweight was associated with a more than threefold risk of subsequent hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. (nih.gov)
  • Psychosocial factors for risk and protection to child malnutrition in mothers of malnourished and eutrophic children: the role of maternal mental health. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mediation models were used to examine the associations between the classification of maternal metabolic syndrome and child developmental milestones. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Compared with organic solvent s unexposed mothers with GSTT1 non-null genotype and PON2 rs12026 CC genotype, organic solvent s exposed mothers with GSTT1 null genotype and PON2 rs12026 CG + GG genotype had the largest reduction in gestational age (-0.36 weeks, 95%CI: -0.70 to -0.02). (cdc.gov)
  • A). Modification of the association between smoking and outcome by genotype was evaluated. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Results: No interaction between maternal or fetal genotype of any of the polymorphisms and smoking could be demonstrated. (uthscsa.edu)
  • In contrast, the association of smoking with gestational age-adjusted birth weight (birth weight ratio) was modified by fetal GSTT1 genotype (P for interaction=.02). (uthscsa.edu)
  • Assuming that these associations are causal, we estimated the increase in infant deaths that might result from DDT spraying. (cdc.gov)
  • If the associations are causal but the estimated effect on death rates is very small compared to the plausible benefits from vector control, then whether the associations are causal does not impact public health decisions. (cdc.gov)
  • If, on the other hand, the estimated increases in infant death rates are similar to or larger than the expected benefits, whether the association is causal matters a great deal, and further investigation is warranted, especially in areas where DDT is reintroduced. (cdc.gov)
  • Whether they are causal, and, if they are, whether the strengths of association seen in North America would occur in Africa is not known. (cdc.gov)
  • The challenge in identifying a causal effect of Cesarean delivery on maternal weight is that many of the medical indications for Cesarean delivery are also independently associated with both pregravid and postpartum weight. (biomedcentral.com)
  • mental data from randomized controlled trials in humans, however, impedes efforts to determine how much of any observed association is causal. (nationalacademies.org)
  • We investigated associations between maternal postpartum distress covering anxiety, depression and stress and childhood overweight. (nih.gov)
  • Outcome was childhood overweight at 7-years-of age. (nih.gov)
  • Childhood Brain Development: Is There a Critical Window for Maternal TSH Measurement? (obgproject.com)
  • METHODS: We assessed the relationship between parental age and childhood cancer in a case-control study using pooled population-based data. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Several observational studies have documented evidence of an association between Cesarean delivery and subsequent maternal weight. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, a positive association of Cesarean delivery with maternal postpartum weight retention may be driven by this confounding and not necessarily by the Cesarean itself. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nulliparity, previous cesarean delivery, short stature, overweight, gestational age, occiput posterior presentation and birthweight were all independently associated with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. (nih.gov)
  • In this longitudinal study, 821 pregnant women with the gestational age of ≤14 weeks were included from 2018 to 2020 by convenience sampling. (healthandbehavior.com)
  • According to the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) over 80 out of every 100 women aged under 40 who have regular unprotected sexual intercourse will get pregnant within 1 year of trying. (wikipedia.org)
  • A two-sample MR study was performed using summary results data from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of coffee consumption (N = 91 462) from the Coffee and Caffeine Genetics Consortium. (ntnu.no)
  • Results: There was no association between birth weight standard deviation score (SDS) and age at menarche. (zu.ac.ae)
  • These results suggest that associations between the fetal imprinted gene allele score and size at birth are mediated through both glucose-dependent and glucose-independent mechanisms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results of previous studies on the associations between elevated maternal cortisol, fetal growth, and gestational age at birth were inconsistent [7, 20-23]. (researchsquare.com)
  • METHODS AND RESULTS: This study includes 2 cohorts. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Results The mother's IQ was more highly predictive of breastfeeding status than were her race, education, age, poverty status, smoking, the home environment, or the child's birth weight or birth order. (bmj.com)
  • Most mothers attributed malnutrition to biological factors or to the lack of maternal care, with more moralist statements in the EM group, and statements filled with guilt in MM. Results suggest that in order to fight malnutrition, in addition to nutritional interventions, it is necessary to heed attention to maternal socio-emotional issues. (bvsalud.org)
  • In mirror syndrome, maternal hypertension, edema, and often proteinuria are present in association with fetal hydrops. (medscape.com)
  • We recently found that resveratrol is also involved in mediating the nutrient-sensing signaling pathway for the prevention of maternal and postweaning HF-induced hypertension [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The authors of this study concluded that for any level of maternal glucose concentration fetal genetics has a major impact on growth but acts predominantly through mechanisms independent of maternal glucose. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Greater maternal antenatal BMI was associated with increased anthropometric measures in offspring independent of maternal glycemic status. (nature.com)
  • Maternal distress was measured 6 months postpartum by 9 items covering anxiety, depression and stress. (nih.gov)
  • Studies found that RS is a good optical technique to measure glucose noninvasively by comparing glucose levels obtained by RS with those from invasive methods such as glucose meters with testing strips during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). (bvsalud.org)
  • The large for gestational age at birth association was also partially attenuated by maternal glucose concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However none of the fetal variants used to construct the gene score in this study were independently associated with maternal glucose concentrations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Contrary to expectation, maternal distress in Pakistani women was negatively associated with SGA (OR 0.65: CI 0.48-0.88). (springer.com)
  • We hypothesize that BM antioxidants are adapted to gestational age and are negatively influenced by maternal age. (mdpi.com)
  • Multivariable regression was performed to assess BMI and age as predictors for UDFF.Twenty-two participants were male, 24 were female, and the mean age was 14 ± 3 (range: 7-18) years. (stanford.edu)
  • Maternal baseline characteristics were similar between the follow-up treated and untreated groups. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The odds ratio for the effect of an additional 500 g of birth weight on TSB ⩾342 μmol/l declined with increasing gestational age from 1.55 (95% CI 1.28 to 1.87) at 36 weeks to 1.30 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.50) at 37 weeks and 1.14 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.29) at 38 weeks. (bmj.com)
  • Means for maternal age, gestational age and weight at confinement were 30.5 ± 5.7 years, 37.95 ± 1.54 weeks and 69.3 ± 15.1 kg, respectively. (scirp.org)
  • They were also examined for GDM at gestational weeks 24-28. (healthandbehavior.com)
  • The means of age and gestational week of the participants were 29.8 ± 4.9 years and 8.8 ± 4.4 weeks, respectively, on inclusion in the study. (healthandbehavior.com)
  • 16 weeks gestational age [WGA]), arsenic was measured in personal drinking water using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Associations with trajectories of estimated fetal weight (EFW) and individual fetal parameters (head circumference, femur length [FL], and abdominal circumference [AC]) from 12-16 to 40 weeks' gestation were analysed using multilevel fractional polynomial models. (plos.org)
  • Mean gestational age at study entry was 6.4±2.1 weeks. (medscape.com)
  • This case report describes the role of three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasonography as potential diagnostic method for ruling out adnexal torsion when an ovarian cyst is present. (degruyter.com)
  • The etiology of fetal ovarian cysts is still unknown, although a linkage with fetal gonadotrophin stimulation derived from maternal estrogens or placental human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) has been suggested. (degruyter.com)
  • We report a case of fetal ovarian cyst using 3-D ultrasound in order to show how a better definition of the relationship between the ovary containing the cyst and its peduncle can be obtained and to introduce 3-D ultrasound as a method to rule out adnexal torsion when a fetal ovarian cyst is present. (degruyter.com)
  • In terms of ovarian reserve, a typical woman has 12% of her reserve at age 30 and has only 3% at age 40. (wikipedia.org)
  • 81% of variation in ovarian reserve is due to age alone, making age the most important factor in female infertility. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common methods of checking the status of the ovarian reserve is to perform a blood test on day 3 of the menstrual cycle to measure serum Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) level, alternatively a blood test to measure the serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) level can give similar information. (wikipedia.org)
  • A marginal negative association was observed between arsenic quartiles and odds of self-reported cold/flu/infection (P for trend = 0.08). (oregonstate.edu)
  • Using the linked data, we conducted a case-crossover analysis of associations between PM2.5 and O3 lagged by 3-5 days with the odds of fatal asthma exacerbations. (cdc.gov)
  • One standard deviation advantage in maternal IQ more than doubled the odds of breast feeding. (bmj.com)