• Female Sprague-Dawley rats received either DA neuron neurotoxic lesion by bilateral intra-cannula injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (2-4 μg/side) or vehicle treatment at the area surrounding the SCN at 20 min post protriptyline ip injection (20 mg/kg) to protect against damage to noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Groups of 10 female Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) rats (core study) were administered doses of 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, or 25 mg HCB/kg body weight/day (mg/kg/day) in corn oil:acetone (99:1) by gavage, 5 days/week for 13 weeks (3 months). (nih.gov)
  • Under the conditions of this 3-month gavage study, oral administration of HCB in female Sprague Dawley rats resulted in dose-related lesions in the liver, lung, spleen, mammary gland, skin, thymus, and teeth. (nih.gov)
  • A total of 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: an uninjured control, a cSCI and a tSCI group. (bjuinternational.com)
  • Tanycytes play multiple roles in hypothalamic functions, including sensing peripheral nutrients and metabolic hormones, regulating neurosecretion and mediating seasonal cycles of reproduction and metabolic physiology. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • In male rats, TRAP significantly increased hippocampal neurogenesis, while in females, TRAP increased granule cell layer width. (nature.com)
  • In vitro rat hepatic and intestinal metabolism of the organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon. (cdc.gov)
  • This study evaluated the role intestinal and hepatic metabolism may play in both the activation and detoxification of CPF and DZN in Sprague-Dawley rats. (cdc.gov)
  • In enterocyte microsomes, the CYP metabolic efficiency for metabolism to the oxon metabolites was approximately 28-fold greater for CPF than DZN. (cdc.gov)
  • in styrene metabolism between rats and mice. (cdc.gov)
  • Subsequent increase in inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and loss of intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) was also observed, leading to neurobehavioral and nerve functional deficits in diabetic rats. (iasp-pain.org)
  • In present study, we demonstrated that delayed recanalization at 3?days after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) decreased infarct volumes and improved neurobehavioral deficits in rats, with no increasing animal mortality and intracerebral hemorrhage. (omicsdi.org)
  • Capsaicin and dietary fiber are effective natural food ingredients to control the obesity and metabolic diseases. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Dietary fiber is one of the functional ingredients which has beneficial effects on obesity-related metabolic diseases. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Objective Eating out of phase with the endogenous biological clock alters clock and metabolic gene expression in rodents and can induce obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. (researchgate.net)
  • Obesity is a very common, complex metabolic disorder that manifests itself primarily by changes in addipose tissue structure. (unios.hr)
  • Our findings suggest that a cardiac PET strategy may represent a rational approach to non-invasively monitor metabolic pathway remodeling following sunitinib treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Pharmacological Inhibition of Porcupine, Disheveled and β-catenin in Wnt Signaling Pathway Ameliorates Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Wnt signaling pathway has been investigated extensively for its diverse metabolic and pain modulating mechanisms and recently its involvement has been postulated in the development of neuropathic pain. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Intrathecal administration of Wnt signaling inhibitors (each at doses of 10 and 30 µM) in diabetic rats showed improvement in pain-associated behaviors (heat, cold & mechanical hyperalgesia) and nerve functions (motor, sensory nerve conduction velocities and nerve blood flow) by decreasing the expression of Wnt pathway proteins, inflammatory marker, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), ER stress marker, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and improving IENFD. (iasp-pain.org)
  • Blockade of this pathway using Wnt inhibitors provided neuroprotection in experimental DPN in rats. (iasp-pain.org)
  • A hypothetical CYP450-metabolic pathway including dehydrogenation, N-dealkylation plus mono-oxygenation and other was proposed. (scienceopen.com)
  • Delayed recanalization at 3 days after permanent MCAO attenuates neuronal apoptosis through FGF21/FGFR1/PI3K/Caspase-3 pathway in rats. (omicsdi.org)
  • These findings suggested that delayed recanalization at 3?days after MCAO improved neurological outcomes in rats via increasing endogenous FGF21 expression and activating FGFR1/PI3K/Caspase-3 pathway to attenuate neuronal apoptosis in penumbra. (omicsdi.org)
  • Similar CYP- and PON1-mediated metabolic profiles were demonstrated in microsomes from liver or isolated intestinal enterocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • In rat liver microsomes primaquine was shown to be an inhibitor of 2D activity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In vitro studies were conducted by incubating the drug in human and rat liver microsomes in presence of respective cofactors. (simulations-plus.com)
  • Balb/CJ mice or Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally for 4 weeks with 40 or 20 mg/kg/day sunitinib. (nih.gov)
  • source of S9 : prepared from male Sprague Dawley rats that have been dosed orally with a suspension of phenobarbital (80 mg/kg body weight) and ß-naphthoflavone (100 mg/kg body weight). (europa.eu)
  • Effect of phytase on the metabolic parameters in rats fed diets containing extruded and spray-dried soy]. (wixsite.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a high-calorie diet on the adipose tissue structure of pregnant Sprqague-Dawley rats. (unios.hr)
  • To quantify the GSH-conjugation rate with non-radiolabeled compounds in vitro, the validation study for the determination of GSH conjugate formation using 35S-GSH by radio-HPLC was useful to predict metabolic activation. (nih.gov)
  • Therefore, this model for in vitro covalent binding studies in human and rat and in vivo rat studies might be useful in predicting human metabolic activation of compounds. (nih.gov)
  • As proof-of-concept, the transcriptional activities of 13 chemicals were evaluated by applying the in vitro metabolic module (S9 fraction). (jmb.or.kr)
  • Irisin is a myokine secreted mostly by muscles after exercise, and its secretion level changes in metabolic disorders. (ac.ir)
  • It may further aid in developing potential therapeutic markers at the metabolic levels which may broaden the treatment options for stress and anxiety related disorders. (ntno.org)
  • icologic and metabolic data that explain the nasal and major differences are 4- to 10-fold more ring-oxidation lung differences and their relevance for human risk and phenylacetaldehyde pathways in mice compared assessment. (cdc.gov)
  • In this study, we investigated the metabolic stability, metabolite production, metabolic pathways and plasma protein binding (PPB) of FHND6081 along with its absorption, tissue distribution, excretion (ADME) and pharmacokinetics (PK) in animals. (scienceopen.com)
  • Together, these findings in Syrian hamsters show that circulating melatonin at night drives the daily rhythmicity of plasma leptin, participates in the phase control of cortisol rhythm and modulates glucose homeostasis according to photoperiod-dependent metabolic state. (frontiersin.org)
  • Urine was collected from a cohort of 22 Syrian hamsters (Harlan Sprague-Dawley, Haslet, MI, USA) that had been infected by intracranial injection with 10% (wt/vol) scrapie brain homogenate (263K strain) and from a cohort of 8 age-matched, noninoculated control animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Liver monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (a proinflammatory protein associated with metabolic syndrome) gene expression was also significantly elevated in peri-SCN area dopaminergic lesioned rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings indicate that reduced dopaminergic neuronal activity in neurons at the area of and communicating with the SCN contributes significantly to increased sympathetic tone and the development of metabolic syndrome, without effect on feeding. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Diabetic rats after six weeks of diabetes induction showed increased expression of Wnt signaling proteins in the spinal cord (L4-L6 lumbar segment), dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) and sciatic nerves. (iasp-pain.org)
  • The objective of the present study was to evaluate anti-diabetic effects of chromium picolinate (CrPic) and biotin supplementations in type 2 diabetic rats. (cambridge.org)
  • 5) diabetic rats fed a HFD and supplemented with both CrPic and biotin. (cambridge.org)
  • 0·05) in diabetic rats treated with biotin and CrPic, particularly with a combination of the supplements. (cambridge.org)
  • This study investigated the activity of the HPA axis in selected markers of glucose handling, and the stress response relative to components of the HPA axis in a diet-induced pre-diabetic rat model. (researchsquare.com)
  • Rats were euthanized at 7, 12, and 24wk to evaluate local and systemic immune markers corresponding to the baseline, exposure, and recovery phases of the study, respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • however, diet appeared to preferentially impact SD rats at this time point, as several inflammatory markers (lymph node cellularity, lung neutrophils) were further elevated in HF over Reg animals. (cdc.gov)
  • In BN rats, resolution of immune alterations was further compromised by HF diet, as many exposure-induced alterations in local/systemic immune markers were still evident in HF/WF animals at 24wk. (cdc.gov)
  • Singh S, Tripathy S, Rawat A, Dubey D, Siddiqui SA, Ugale R, Kumar D, Prakash A. Pre-clinical Investigations of Therapeutic Markers Associated with Acute and Chronic Restraint Stress: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Based Contrast Metabolic Approach. (ntno.org)
  • Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) to male Sprague Dawley rats. (iasp-pain.org)
  • The type 2 diabetic rat model was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin. (cambridge.org)
  • The effect of acute and chronic restraint stress on anxiety and the production of systemic metabolites were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. (ntno.org)
  • Metabolic analysis along with the multivariate analysis demonstrated that the expression of concentration of metabolites including glutamate, proline, succinate, citrate, and tyrosine is higher in the acute stress than the chronic stress, while glucose and lipids i.e. (ntno.org)
  • Numerous studies have demonstrated marked differ- fects on terminal bronchioles are seen, but effects in ences in toxicity between rats and mice to styrene ex- the nasal olfactory epithelium do occur, although to posure, especially by inhalation. (cdc.gov)
  • 2001). No other tumor types were increased in these toxicity in mice and rats, including mouse lung tu- studies in mice. (cdc.gov)
  • Carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity in rats and mice exposed to chloroform by inhalation. (who.int)
  • The atlas incorporates adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300g, age 52-62 days). (pmod.com)
  • Effects of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on tibia in an adult rat model f" by J D. Sibonga, U T. Iwaniec et al. (jax.org)
  • Effects of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on tibia in an adult rat model for chronic alcohol abuse. (jax.org)
  • Urine 4-hydroxyamphetamine content correlated strongly ( r 2 = 0.989) with microsomal P450 2D activity in parallel-treated rats. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The results of microsomal metabolic stability corroborated that FHND6081 was a moderate-clearance compound. (scienceopen.com)
  • At 6 weeks post-injury, 24-h metabolic cage measurement and conscious cystometry were performed. (bjuinternational.com)
  • Metabolic cage analysis showed that the tSCI group had larger maximum voiding volume as compared with the control and cSCI groups. (bjuinternational.com)
  • At 7wk, HF-fed animals exhibited several immune alterations (blood leukocyte/neutrophil number, lymph node B-cell proportionality)-effects which were more pronounced in SD rats. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we assessed the combined effect of diet composition and feeding time on (1) body composition, (2) energy balance, and (3) circadian expression of hepatic clock and metabolic genes. (researchgate.net)
  • We developed a new rat model of ankle osteoarthritis (OA) induced by monoiodoacetate (MIA) and evaluated the behavioral and histological characteristics of these animals. (iomcworld.org)
  • Here we investigated whether pineal melatonin secreted at night can impact daily rhythmicity of metabolic hormones and glucose in that seasonal species. (frontiersin.org)
  • Using a recently published rat model that combines both burn and disuse components, we compare the effects of insulin treatment vs. vehicle on glucose tolerance, hypermetabolic response, muscle loss, and circadian-metabolic protein expression after burns. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Insulin treatment after burn and during disuse attenuated the hypermetabolic response, increased glucose clearance, and normalized circadian-metabolic protein expression patterns. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Thus, it can modulate the composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, which might potentially enhance the health of the host organism[ 5 , 6 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • OA was induced by injecting the metabolic inhibitor MIA (1 mg/30 μl) into the tibiotarsal joint of the right hind paw on two consecutive days (MIA2 group) or single day (MIA1 group). (iomcworld.org)
  • In a K1 well-documented and GLP compliant mouse lymphoma assay performed according to OECD Guideline 490, it was concluded that T003063 is not mutagenic in the mouse lymphoma L5178Y test system in the absence and presence of metabolic activation under the experimental conditions described in the report. (europa.eu)
  • Sprague Dawley Rats were randomly divided into non-prediabetic group (NPD) and pre-diabetic group (PD) (n=6, per group) over a 20-week induction period and a further 12-week experimental period to get 32 weeks. (researchsquare.com)
  • Two groups of animals were used in this experiment, a control group of pregnant rats fed a standard diet, and an experimental group of pregnant rats fed a HSHFD (high fat high sugar diet) diet. (unios.hr)
  • 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three experimental groups of 20 rats. (iomcworld.org)
  • One study examined the joint effects of acute intraperitoneal administration of chloroform and trichloro ethylene on liver endpoints in rats (Anand et al. (cdc.gov)
  • In the discussion section of the study publication, the authors state that no frank histopathological changes were seen in the livers of the rats exposed to the binary mixture, and that this finding was similar to their previous results with chloroform alone, in which increased plasma ALT occurred without histopathological changes, perhaps due to slight cell membrane damage. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition the substance did not induce chromosome aberrations in a chromosome aberration study wit and without metabolic activation. (europa.eu)
  • Elimination of HCB after repeated dosing was evaluated in a group of 10 female rats (elimination study) administered 0.03 or 25 mg/kg/day for 13 weeks (3 months) and then held without dosing until necropsy at 21 (5 rats) or 29 (5 rats) weeks. (nih.gov)
  • Vehicle control female rats (10 core study and 10 elimination study) were administered the corn oil:acetone vehicle only. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of metformin on changes in the levels of plasma irisin, blood glucose and insulin resistance in male Sprague-Dawley rats receiving a high-fat emulsion diet. (ac.ir)
  • In this study we compared the volumetric quantification of the perfusion deficit in two rat middle-cerebral-artery occlusion (MCAO) models using two gadolinium-based contrast agents (P1152 (Guerbet) and Magnevist (Bayer-Schering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA)) as compared with our well established continuous arterial spin labeling (CASL) perfusion imaging technique. (omicsdi.org)
  • The purpose of the present study was to determine whether PTH is effective in increasing bone formation and bone mass in a rat model for established osteopenia caused by chronic alcohol abuse. (jax.org)
  • In a study on rats, this pomegranate - cacao combination boosted total testosterone levels by over 72% after just six weeks. (lifeextension.com)
  • Urinary elimination of 4-hydroxyamphetamine and amphetamine was determined in male Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with P450 inducers and inhibitors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The urinary 24-h metabolic ratio (amphetamine/4-hydroxyamphetamine) was not affected by the inducers 3-methylcholanthrene, isosafrole, phenobarbital, ethanol, pregnenolone-α-carbonitrile, and clofibrate. (aspetjournals.org)
  • As most of the work reported or cited in this paper does not distinguish a specific rat gene product, the subfamily term P450 2D will be used when discussing the rat enzymes. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The metabolic profiles of these three compounds showed common biotransformation patterns, particularly in the phase II reactions (glucuronide conjugation, sulfation, GSH conjugation, and amino acid conjugation). (jmb.or.kr)
  • In AD-LIB rats, TRH produced reductions in food intake and slight increases in MAP and HR. The CR rats receiving saline continued to exhibit bradycardia while the TRH rats exhibited significant increase in HR to a magnitude greater than that observed in AD-LIB rats infused with TRH. (fsu.edu)
  • Saline was injected into sham rats using the same protocol (sham group). (iomcworld.org)
  • Rats were sacrificed 28 days after MIA/saline injection, and the right ankle jo. (iomcworld.org)
  • However, joint metabolic data were available for chloroform and trichloroethylene, for trichloroethylene and 1,1-dichloroethylene, and for trichloroethylene and vinyl chloride. (cdc.gov)
  • To assess the developmental neurotoxicity of more realistic TRAP exposures, we exposed male and female rats during gestation and early postnatal development to TRAP drawn directly from a traffic tunnel in Northern California and delivered to animals in real-time. (nature.com)
  • This effect was not caused by increased activity levels of HS/HF animals, suggesting an alternative metabolic mechanism. (uwyo.edu)
  • Our results showed that taurine alone or in combination with zinc provides neuroprotection in the IUI rat model. (hindawi.com)
  • Following oral administration of 20 mg/kg of the radiolabeled compounds to rats, radioactivity that covalently bound to plasma and liver proteins was determined. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, FHND6081 was extensively distributed in rats and the highest exposure was achieved in the stomach followed by the small intestine and adrenal gland. (scienceopen.com)
  • The teeth of all groups of rats administered 1 mg/kg/day or greater showed maxillary incisor degeneration. (nih.gov)
  • Collectively, HF diet appeared to have a greater impact on global immune status and exposure-induced lung injury in SD rats, but a more pronounced effect on inflammation resolution in BN rats. (cdc.gov)
  • As insulin resistance increased in rats receiving the high-fat diet, serum irisin level also increased, and with improving blood glucose and insulin resistance by metformin, serum irisin level was decreased. (ac.ir)
  • In vivo studies were undertaken by oral administration of suspension of drug to male Sprague-Dawley rats followed by collection of urine, feces and blood at specific intervals. (simulations-plus.com)
  • Reliable studies, showing negative results with and without metabolic activation, are available on genetic toxicity in bacteria and mammalian cells. (europa.eu)
  • Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with high fiber diet, and different doses of capsaicin. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Feeding and metabolic consequences of scheduled consumption of large, binge-type meals of high fat diet in the Sprague-Dawley rat. (bvsalud.org)
  • Twenty-four rats were divided into a normal control group (n = 8) and a high-fat diet group (n = 16). (ac.ir)
  • Recent studies in the Skinner lab, however, have shown a reduction in weight gain in Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high salt, high fat (HS/HF) diet compared to those fed a high fat (HF) diet alone. (uwyo.edu)
  • Freeze dried fecal pellets collected from rats fed either a control, high salt, HS/HF or a HF diet were dissolved in perchloric acid and combined with .5% Oil-Red-O and then spun down in micro-hematocrit tubes. (uwyo.edu)
  • Eight-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats were fed the Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet in which 35% of the calories were derived from either maltose-dextran or ethanol. (jax.org)
  • Disturbance of circadian rhythms underlies various metabolic diseases. (researchgate.net)
  • Pharmacokinetic studies were done by using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, oral absorption was fast and plasma exposure was dose-dependent and oral bioavailability were low. (scienceopen.com)
  • Report lacks information on metabolic activation system, characterisation of test material, individual plate counts, mean number of revertant colonies per plate, and positive and negative controls used. (europa.eu)
  • HCB was not mutagenic in any of the four strains of Salmonella typhimurium, with or without exogenous metabolic activation. (nih.gov)
  • These data support the hypothesis that TRH is involved in the metabolic and cardiovascular responses to negative energy balance. (fsu.edu)
  • Male Sprague Dawley rats were instrumented with telemetry devices for measurement of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) and a lateral intracerebroventricular (ICV) guide cannula for central infusions. (fsu.edu)
  • Three experiments were carried out with Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 250 g. (wixsite.com)
  • These studies also substantiate that 4-hydroxylation of amphetamine is selectively performed by the P450 2D subfamily in the rat. (aspetjournals.org)
  • However, with an adeq battery of necf expsre blmarkers, prospective studies of en- vironmental effects on pregnancy outcomes might be possible. (cdc.gov)