• Pancreatic endocrine tumor, also known as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET), describes a group of endocrine tumors originating in the pancreas that are usually indolent and benign, but may have the potential to be malignant. (findzebra.com)
  • 1] Condition such as pancreatic cancer or ovarian cancer can be considered endocrine tumors, or classified under other systems. (findzebra.com)
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN-1), loss-of-function germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene MEN1 increase the risk of developing pituitary, parathyroid and pancreatic islet tumors, and less commonly thymic carcinoids, lipomas and benign adrenocortical tumors. (intechopen.com)
  • In the case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), gain-of-function germline mutations clustered in specific codons of the RET proto-oncogene increase the risk of developing medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), phaeochromocytoma and parathyroid tumors. (intechopen.com)
  • Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) include all tumors derived from the diffuse endocrine system. (springeropen.com)
  • A web-based project by the Society for Endocrinology that aims to give patients and the general public access to reliable online information on endocrine science. (yourhormones.info)
  • Endocrinology is a branch of healthcare science that deals with the disorders and functioning of the endocrine system, and its secretions are known as hormones. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • Endocrinology also involves the study of the diseases of the endocrine system. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • The Endocrinology department at Aster Hospitals provides a full range of services for adult and pediatric patients with endocrine, metabolic diseases and Diabetes. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • Endocrine Meeting 2018 welcomes all the Endocrinologists , Diabetologists, and other medical & clinical experts working the arena of Endocrinology , Metabolic Syndrome and related field to this upcoming Euro Endocrinology Meeting at Paris, France. (endocrineconferences.com)
  • The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for members of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of extracellular signalling molecules.RET loss of function mutations are associated with the development of Hirschsprung's disease, while gain of function mutations are associated with the development of various types of human cancer, including medullary thyroid carcinoma, multiple endocrine neoplasias type 2A and 2B, pheochromocytoma and parathyroid hyperplasia. (wikipedia.org)
  • This may be confused with MEN-2A that has late onset pheochromocytoma. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • Herein we selected a Mendelian genetics form of familial cancer such as hereditary tumor syndromic endocrine neoplasias caused by highly penetrant germline mutations leading to pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma syndromes. (intechopen.com)
  • Although pheochromocytoma has classically been associated with 3 syndromes-von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2), and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-there are now 10 genes that have been identified as sites of mutations leading to pheochromocytoma. (medscape.com)
  • However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are not known. (medscape.com)
  • first is to reveal the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis, second is to provide insight in the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. (intechopen.com)
  • This however has widely opened the field of cancer genomics studies which aims to provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms that lead to tumorigenesis. (intechopen.com)
  • Their participation in the molecular mechanisms of resistance to cisplatin, a drug commonly used in chemotherapy, is also revised. (hindawi.com)
  • Our goal is to develop and use cutting edge systems biology approaches to elucidate molecular signatures of complex immune diseases, understand the mechanisms of disease, and identify the right therapy for the right patient. (benaroyaresearch.org)
  • Although studies have identified unique transcription factors in the selection of normal pancreatic lineages, the cells of origin and molecular mechanisms arbitrating PDAC growth are poorly defined. (amegroups.org)
  • Despite the cited progress in this area of research, the molecular mechanisms underlying growth factor receptor activation by integrins remain to be defined. (123dok.org)
  • Human adenovirus was detected by real-time and conventional polymerase chain reaction and molecular typed by partial hexon capsid protein gene sequencing. (cdc.gov)
  • The pathophysiology of endometriosis remains controversial, although three distinct mechanisms are widely accepted: the Sampsons theory of backflow menstruation, the coeleomic-metaplasia hypothesis and the venous and/or lymphatic metastatic dissemination theory [1]. (fortuneonline.org)
  • There are three subtypes based on clinical presentation: MEN 2A, MEN 2B, and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC). (wikipedia.org)
  • These types of rearrangements are primarily associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) where they represent 10-20% of cases, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) where they represent 2% of cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • 6,10,11 These fundamental biologic mechanisms have all been exploited in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer 12 and theoretically offer promise for the treatment of breast and other types of cancer. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • Despite the fact that it is well-known that Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) binds to its receptor VEGFR and initiates endothelial cell proliferation, almost nothing is known about their involvement and mechanisms in the process of MTC metastasis.Interestingly, RET (RET/PTC) gene rearrangement, present in papillary thyroid carciomas, modulates the expression of many genes that could be involved on tumor growth and angiogenesis, such as CXCL12 and CXCR4. (fapesp.br)
  • The goal of our research is to better understand mechanisms of sensing and repair during diseases like cancer, infections, and neurodegenerative disorders. (benaroyaresearch.org)
  • Despite the prevalence of type 2 DM, there are few effective long-term treatments for the patients. (escardio.org)
  • In the clinical trials conducted thus far, the use of SGLT2 inhibitors was shown to improve the quality of life of patients with type 2 DM, have benefit in treatment of HF, either with reduced or preserved ejection fraction of the left ventricle. (escardio.org)
  • Imaging may also be performed in patients with a known history of multiple endocrine problems. (medscape.com)
  • The Endocrine Society recommends CT as the initial imaging study, but MRI is a better option in patients with metastatic disease or when radiation exposure must be limited. (medscape.com)
  • Once told there would likely be a measured benefit from attending a support group - the press broadcast the news and the patients came on board en masse! (gracegawlermedia.com)
  • The Endocrine System is a connected family of various glands, situated in different parts of the body that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream instead of employing a duct-based system. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • The endocrine system is a cluster of glands that secrete hormones. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • The endocrine system coordinates functioning between different organs through hormones, which are chemicals released into the bloodstream from specific types of cells within endocrine (ductless) glands. (msdmanuals.com)
  • DM develops due to either a lack of insulin production (type 1 DM), as a result of destroyed beta cells of pancreas due to an autoimmune reaction, or resistance to insulin (type 2 DM), where insulin is being produced at least in the early stages of disease because beta cells are still present, but tissues do not respond to insulin [1]. (escardio.org)
  • Diabetes mellitus type 2 (formerly noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes ) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • [ 2 ] This is in contrast to diabetes mellitus type 1 , in which there is an absolute insulin deficiency due to destruction of islet cells in the pancreas . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • Several fusion partners have been described in the literature, and the most common ones across both cancer types include KIF5B, CCDC6 and NCOA4. (wikipedia.org)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • p53 likely also plays a role given that p53 mutations are commonly found in advanced PC, and loss of wild-type protein function contributes to the phenotype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). (oncotarget.com)
  • These cancer cells cleverly recruit our intelligent mechanisms using them for their own growth and survival. (gracegawlermedia.com)
  • Laboratory scientists are investigating the connections between autoimmune diseases and the mechanisms that help cancer grow and spread without being detected by the immune system. (benaroyaresearch.org)
  • One of these mechanisms was identified by us when we elucidated the gene defect causing the human disorder of sitosterolemia. (uc.edu)
  • Epigenetic regulation of gene expression encompasses mechanisms that allow regulating the expression of the genes without modification of the DNA sequence. (amboss.com)
  • b) latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA), usually occurring in men over 40 years of age, in whom a progressive autoimmune process destroys the beta cells of pancreas, which is similar to type 1 DM. (escardio.org)
  • Another type of diabetes that is similar to type 2 DM, but developing at a younger age, is called maturity onset DM (MODY) [1]. (escardio.org)
  • CONTEXT: Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have higher fracture risk as compared to non-diabetics despite having higher bone mineral density (BMD). (cdc.gov)
  • Type 2 diabetes makes up about 90% of cases of diabetes with the other 10% due primarily to diabetes mellitus type 1 and gestational diabetes . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • Obesity is thought to be the primary cause of type 2 diabetes in people who are genetically predisposed to the disease. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • Type 2 diabetes is initially managed by increasing exercise and dietary modification . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • The acute complication of ketoacidosis , a feature of type 1 diabetes , is uncommon. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • People with type 2 diabetes mellitus may rarely present with nonketotic hyperosmolar coma (a condition of very high blood sugar associated with a decreased level of consciousness and low blood pressure ). (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • Type 2 diabetes is typically a chronic disease associated with a ten-year-shorter life expectancy. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • [ 6 ] In the developed world, and increasingly elsewhere, type 2 diabetes is the largest cause of nontraumatic blindness and kidney failure . (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • The development of type 2 diabetes is caused by a combination of lifestyle and genetic factors. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • [ 6 ] A lack of sleep has been linked to type 2 diabetes. (thediabeticpharmacist.com)
  • According to the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) Endocrine and Head and Neck Disease Site Working Group, pheochromocytomas constitute about 4-8% of all adrenal incidentalomas, and approximately 21.1-57.6% of all pheochromocytomas are discovered incidentally on imaging studies. (medscape.com)
  • Chollangi T, Clabault H, Thibeault A, Yong HE, Narula S, Menkhorst E, Sanderson JT, Vaillancourt C, Murthi P (2018) An electrical impedance-based assay to examine functions of various placental cell types in vitro. (hudson.org.au)
  • We found that loss of HPK1 protein expression correlated significantly with the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias ( P = 0.001) and development of invasive PDA. (aacrjournals.org)
  • After MG132 withdrawal, wild-type HPK1 protein expression was markedly decreased within 24 hours, but kinase-dead HPK1 mutant protein expression was sustained for up to 96 hours. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, restoring wild-type HPK1 protein in PDA cells led to the increase in p21 and p27 protein expression and cell cycle arrest. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Protein concentrations should be titrated based on cell type and if appropriate, passage number of the cell line. (novusbio.com)
  • the amyloidogenic protein is typed using a variety of immunohistologic and biochemical techniques. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Endocrine implications of bariatric surgery: a review on the intersection between incretins, bone, and sex hormones. (uchicago.edu)
  • Suitable preclinical models, which can facilitate the understanding of mechanisms of tumor progression and develop new therapeutic strategies, are in high demand. (bvsalud.org)
  • A p heochromocytoma is another, rarer type of NET that usually develops in the adrenal gland , but can also arise in other parts of the body. (findzebra.com)
  • Once in circulation, hormones affect function of the target tissues, which may be another endocrine gland or an end organ. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The most common is MEN-2A characterized by bilateral MTCs and pheochromocytomas, causing potentially deadly attacks of hypertension and tachyarrhythmias that are often more lethal than the MTC. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. (lookformedical.com)
  • Some hormones exert an effect on cells of the organ from which they were released (paracrine effect), some even on the same cell type (autocrine effect). (msdmanuals.com)
  • METHODS AND RESULTS: We created an online survey with multiple questions pertaining to digestive NENs. (bvsalud.org)
  • In cell culture systems, the luminal ERα + tumor cells are either outcompeted by other types of cells or the cells rapidly downmodulate ERα expression 5 . (nature.com)
  • Like the endogenous HPK1, both wild-type HPK1 and its kinase-dead mutant, HPK1-M46, overexpressed in Panc-1 cells, were also targeted by proteasome-mediated degradation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Recent investigations have shown that the RON receptor is expressed in various cell types including epithelial cells (23) and that MSP-mediated effects on epithelial cells are integrin-dependent (23, 24). (123dok.org)
  • The results were analysed based on type of practice setting, years of sign-out experience, and practice location. (bvsalud.org)
  • These proteins may accumulate locally, causing relatively few symptoms, or widely, involving multiple organs and causing severe multiorgan failure. (msdmanuals.com)
  • EphA1 mis-expression did not cause neurodegeneration, shorten lifespan or affect memory but flies mis-expressing the wild-type or mutant receptor were hyper-aroused, had reduced sleep , a stronger circadian rhythm and increased clock neuron activity and excitability. (sdbonline.org)
  • The ERBB family of type 1 receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands have crucial functions during mammopoiesis, but the signaling networks that ultimately regulate ERBB activity in the breast have remained elusive. (silverchair.com)
  • They also develop specific strategies to increase ROS resistance, which include deviation of the glycolytic flux into the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) or changes in other enzymatic mechanisms enhancing ROS detoxification [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The Buckner Lab is focused on identifying the underlying mechanisms by which regulation of the adaptive immune response fails or is overcome in the setting of human autoimmunity. (benaroyaresearch.org)
  • This presents a starting point for studies into the underlying mechanisms of AD including interactions with other AD-associated genes, like Rho1, Ankyrin, Tau and APP with the potential to identify new targets for treatment. (sdbonline.org)
  • A newer laser treatment, selective laser trabeculoplasty may be used multiple times and each eye. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • In recent years, studies have suggested that antidiabetic medications may grant renoprotection through a mechanism other than affecting glucose homeostasis [1,2]. (escardio.org)
  • Absorption of strontium from the gastrointestinal tract shares a common mechanism with absorption of calcium. (cdc.gov)
  • Solitary or multiple collections of PUS within the liver as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents. (lookformedical.com)
  • Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • These types of interactions would be expected for all routes of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Current concepts of therapy imply surgical resection and/or endocrine treatment creating a hypo-estrogenic environment [2]. (fortuneonline.org)
  • Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. (uchicago.edu)
  • In youth-onset type 2 DM, complications appear early and develop rapidly [1,2]. (escardio.org)
  • Yet, the underlying patho-mechanisms remain unknown and treatments limited. (sdbonline.org)