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HyperventilationMannitolHypocapniaMannitol DehydrogenasesCarbon DioxideCerebral ArteriesDiuretics, OsmoticCerebrovascular CirculationRespirationAlkalosis, RespiratoryAsthma, Exercise-InducedCerebral InfarctionPartial PressureMiddle Cerebral ArteryHypercapniaCerebral PalsyOxygenBrainMannitol PhosphatesBlood Gas AnalysisIntracranial PressureRespiratory MechanicsHypoventilationPanicCerebral AngiographyInfarction, Middle Cerebral ArteryChemoreceptor CellsPulmonary VentilationMalaria, CerebralOxygen ConsumptionIntracranial HypertensionRitodrineCerebral VeinsAnoxiaBrain IschemiaPulmonary Gas ExchangeBlood Flow VelocityPanic DisorderApneaTidal VolumeAcid-Base EquilibriumCerebral HemorrhageMouth ProtectorsAtropine DerivativesAirway ResistanceBlood Gas Monitoring, TranscutaneousPlethysmography, ImpedanceBlood PressureBronchial Provocation TestsMethacholine CompoundsForced Expiratory VolumeCold TemperatureNystagmus, PhysiologicBronchoconstrictionXenon RadioisotopesAcidosisRespiratory Physiological PhenomenaSpectroscopy, Near-InfraredCapnographyTime FactorsChloraloseBrain EdemaHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationTrimethaphanAlkalosisRespiratory Function Tests
IntracranialCorticosteroidsHerniationEdemaDiureticsOedemaSurgicalInfarctionClinicalVenousHypoxiaTraumaticPermeabilityCortexNecrosisAnteriorMetabolicHyperthermiaDiagnosisFindingsMortalityIncidenceOutcomeAbnormalitiesIncludeHypertensionTreatmentVesselsHighSympatheticRiskOccursPressurePatientsHeadReduceFlowNormalGeneral
Intracranial13
  • Brain herniation occurs when increased intracranial pressure causes the abnormal protrusion of brain tissue through openings in rigid intracranial barriers (eg, tentorial notch). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Because the skull is rigid after infancy, intracranial masses or swelling may increase intracranial pressure, sometimes causing protrusion (herniation) of brain tissue through one of the rigid intracranial barriers (tentorial notch, falx cerebri, foramen magnum). (msdmanuals.com)
  • When intracranial pressure is increased sufficiently, regardless of the cause, Cushing reflex and other autonomic abnormalities can occur. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Increased intracranial pressure sometimes causes protrusion (herniation) of brain tissue through one of the rigid intracranial barriers (tentorial notch, falx cerebri, foramen magnum). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Secondary effects of brain tumors include hydrocephalus, increased intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral edema, and brain herniation. (vin.com)
  • The primary role of intensive care management is preventing and treating intracranial hypertension, which causes derangement in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), thereby preventing secondary brain injury. (e-jnic.org)
  • Head elevation of 30° would improve cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) by reducing intracranial pressure (ICP). (e-jnic.org)
  • Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation cause sympathetic stimulation, leading to tachycardiac, hypertension, and increased intracranial pressure. (e-jnic.org)
  • After a multidisciplinary consultation among the neurosurgeon, obstetrician and anesthesiologists it was decided that the patient was under the risk of cerebral herniation due to the large intracranial mass causing a midline shift at the dominant hemisphere. (ispub.com)
  • Through the years, intracerebral hemorrhage has also been termed "cerebral hemorrhage," "intracranial hemorrhage," "hemorrhagic stroke," and "cerebral bleed. (medlink.com)
  • Controlled hyperventilation, maintaining an arterial CO 2 tension of 25 to 30 mmHg, can reduce intracranial pressure in patients with rapidly worsening mental status, lateralising neurologic findings or evidence of impending herniation. (brainkart.com)
  • If intracranial pressure is high due to cerebral oedema, administer mannitol or steroids as required ( vide supra ). (brainkart.com)
  • Clinical signs of increased intracranial pressure (eg, papilledema, Cushing triad [hypertension, bradycardia, and irregular breathing], and impaired consciousness) as well as concerning signs on imaging (eg, midline shift) should prompt urgent evaluation for possible impending herniation. (medilib.ir)
Corticosteroids2
Herniation1
  • Assessing for impending herniation - Lesions inducing a mass effect on the surrounding brain parenchyma can lead to cerebral herniation if intraparenchymal pressure reaches a certain threshold. (medilib.ir)
Edema7
  • Secondary effects of brain tumors include increased ICP and cerebral edema. (vin.com)
  • Dexamethasone 0.1 mg kg -1 , mannitol infusion 0.5 mg kg -1 and furosemid 0.1 mg kg -1 IV were administered to the patient to decrease brain edema and ICP. (ispub.com)
  • Contribution of Edema and Cerebral Blood Volume to Traumatic Brain Swelling in Head-injured Patients. (thieme-connect.de)
  • For a patient who has heart failure or cardiogenic pulmonary edema, nursing interventions focus on decreasing venous return to the heart and increasing left ventricular output. (rnpedia.com)
  • MedicineNet Home MedTerms medical dictionary AZ List cerebral edema. (geometry.net)
  • cerebral edema AND BRAIN SWELLING A. Vasogenic cerebral edema (most common form ofedema) 1. (geometry.net)
  • High Altitude cerebral edema HACE. (geometry.net)
Diuretics1
  • Loop Diuretics: Furosemide and/or ethacrynic acid may be useful as an adjunct in the treatment of cerebral oedema. (brainkart.com)
Oedema1
Surgical1
  • Arginine vasopressin (AVP) (also called antidiuretic hormone [ADH]) is released by the posterior pituitary gland in response to increased osmolality, decreased extracellular volume, positive pressure ventilation, and surgical stimuli, including pain. (unboundmedicine.com)
Infarction2
Clinical3
  • The controlled mode (either volume or pressure control) ventilation may be selected during the initial phase and then changed to an assisted mode/pressure support mode as the patient's clinical conditions improve. (e-jnic.org)
  • Rapid blood pressure control is safe but does not improve the clinical outcome. (medlink.com)
  • Other clinical features - Although clinical features cannot reliably distinguish between the various etiologies, presence or absence of certain signs and symptoms can increase or decrease the likelihood of certain disease entities. (medilib.ir)
Venous2
  • A neutral position of the head and neck would maintain cerebral venous drainage. (e-jnic.org)
  • Avoiding any kind of compression around the neck (e.g., tight cervical collar, tight fixation of the endotracheal tube) would reduce cerebral venous drainage. (e-jnic.org)
Hypoxia1
  • The goal of intensive care unit (ICU) admission is to implement various strategies to prevent secondary injury due to hypoxia, cerebral hypoperfusion, metabolic stress. (e-jnic.org)
Traumatic5
  • 6 Ommaya A M, Gerneralli T A. Cerebral concussion and traumatic unconsciousness. (thieme-connect.de)
  • 13 Bouma G J, Muizelaar J P, Fatouros P. Pathogenesis of Traumatic Brain Swelling: Role of Cerebral Blood Volume. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Blood Flow and Ischemia within Traumatic Cerebral Contusions. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Changes in Local Cerebral Blood Flow, Glucose Utilizataion, and Mitochondrial Function Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Traumatic brain injury in children increases the risk of adverse behavioral disabilities , including attention deficit disorder , hyperactivity, aggression , anxiety, depression, and psychiatric disorders [12]. (symptoma.mt)
Permeability1
  • AVP increases the permeability of the collecting duct to water through insertion of water channel "aquaporins. (unboundmedicine.com)
Cortex1
  • Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex in response to angiotensin II, increased potassium levels, decreased sodium content, and adrenocorticotropic hormone. (unboundmedicine.com)
Necrosis2
  • Brain tumors cause cerebral dysfunction through infiltration of normal brain tissue, compression of adjacent structures, disruption of cerebral circulation, and local necrosis. (vin.com)
  • Cerebral Blood Flow and Secondary Growth of Brain Tissue Necrosis after Trauma. (thieme-connect.de)
Anterior1
  • It is characterized by progressive stenosis of terminal portions of internal carotid arteries bilaterally, and the main trunks of Anterior and Middle Cerebral Artery, and is associated with collateral vessels at the base of the brain ('moyamoya' vessels). (biomedcentral.com)
Metabolic1
  • Metabolic Changes: Atypical antipsychotic drugs have been associated with metabolic changes that may increase cardiovascular/ cerebrovascular risk. (nih.gov)
Hyperthermia1
  • Hyperthermia is infrequently associated with stroke but can increase morbidity. (medscape.com)
Diagnosis2
  • The 20th century saw developments in diagnosis and treatment that decreased death rates and improved outcomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis was based on characteristic radiological findings on Cerebral Angiogram or MRI/MRA. (biomedcentral.com)
Findings1
  • All patients received an MRI and MRA, and in those whose findings were suggestive but not clear or those that required further intervention received a 4 vessel cerebral angiogram. (biomedcentral.com)
Mortality2
  • 7 More than one in four elderly people fall annually, 1 and there is an increasing mortality rate and admission rate in U.S. older adults who fall. (reliasmedia.com)
  • Observational studies consistently show that hypoxaemia is associated with worse outcomes including increased mortality following severe TBI. (resuscitology.com)
Incidence2
  • Not approved for maintenance of anesthesia in non-intubated children due to an increased incidence of respiratory adverse reactions. (nih.gov)
  • Although brain tumors occur in dogs of all breeds, either sex, and any age, the incidence increases over 5 years of age, and with certain breeds. (vin.com)
Outcome2
  • To date, there is conflicting evidence whether supernormal oxygenation improves outcome. (medscape.com)
  • Improved Confidence of Outcome Prediction in Severe Head Injury. (thieme-connect.de)
Abnormalities1
  • Weakness and sensory abnormalities often are seen with a lesion in the cerebral frontoparietal regions or their deeper pathways. (vin.com)
Include1
  • These processes may include alterations in cerebral blood flow and pressure within the skull. (wikipedia.org)
Hypertension1
  • Cushing reflex includes systolic hypertension with increased pulse pressure, irregular respirations, and bradycardia. (msdmanuals.com)
Treatment1
  • It's important to note that treatment approaches for these two risk groups may differ, with high-risk patients typically receiving more intensive therapies to address the increased complexity and aggressiveness of their disease. (neurosurgery.directory)
Vessels1
  • Cerebral Angiography and Magnetic Resonance Angiography showed bilateral involvement of the vessels in eleven patients while unilateral in two. (biomedcentral.com)
High1
  • The cingulate gyrus is pushed under the falx cerebri by an expanding mass high in a cerebral hemisphere. (msdmanuals.com)
Sympathetic1
  • The juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney secretes renin in response to renal hypoperfusion, decreased sodium chloride delivery to the distal nephron, and increased sympathetic activity. (unboundmedicine.com)
Risk2
  • Ramadan fasting can impact those with diabetes, increasing the risk of hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and dehydration. (bvsalud.org)
  • Elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs are at an increased risk of death. (nih.gov)
Occurs1
  • An increased osmolal gap occurs when osmotically active but unmeasured substances (e.g., ethanol, mannitol, methanol, and sorbitol) are present in the blood. (unboundmedicine.com)
Pressure2
  • In the small proportion of patients with stroke who are relatively hypotensive, pharmacologically increasing blood pressure may improve flow through critical stenoses. (medscape.com)
  • Desflurane, USP, Liquid for Inhalation should not be used as the sole agent for anesthetic induction in patients with coronary artery disease or where increases in heart rate or blood pressure are undesirable. (nih.gov)
Patients1
  • Fatal and nonfatal falls in patients older than 65 years of age cost an estimated $49.5 billion in 2015, a 32% increase in healthcare dollar expenditures compared to the previous year. (reliasmedia.com)
Head1
  • The advent of head CT and brain MRI have greatly improved the detection, localization, and characterization of brain hemorrhages. (medlink.com)
Reduce1
  • Reduce CaNa 2 EDTA to 50 mg/kg/day as condition improves. (brainkart.com)
Flow1
  • Literature data on secondaryischemic factors impact on the cerebral blood flow, cerebraloxygenation and metabolism was analized. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
Normal1
  • Know normal platelet count, increased bleeding time, increased PTT *Captopril is a teratogen *MOA of Amphotericin B  Punches holes in ergosterol of the fungal cell membrane *Tons of biostats. (pdfcoffee.com)
General1