• The MAP-kinase pathway is a major pathway in relaying signals from the plasma membrane into the nucleus. (europa.eu)
  • Instead, we identify the FGF-stimulated CREB kinase as MAP kinase-activated protein (MAPKAP) kinase-2, an enzyme that lies immediately downstream of p38 MAP kinase, in a pathway that is also stimulated by cellular stresses. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • The BRAF oncogene is an integral component of the MAP kinase pathway, and an activating V600E mutation occurs in 15% of sporadic colorectal cancer. (hindawi.com)
  • This pathway describes progression of a serrated precursor lesion, often followed by the onset of epigenetic instability involving promoter methylation and silencing of key tumour suppressor genes, and accounts for 15%-20% of sporadic colorectal cancer [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This signal transduction pathway is initiated by epidermal growth factor ligands binding to and activating receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) at the cell membrane. (hindawi.com)
  • Wild-type p38α (p38αWT) and dominant-negative p38α (p38αDN) stable transfectant clones of I407 cells were used to examine the role of the p38 MAP kinase pathway in the events controlling PGE 2 synthesis after treatment with bFGF. (utmb.edu)
  • The AngII-induced myostatin is mediated through p38 MAP kinase and MEF-2 pathway. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) inhibits cell death through suppression of the caspase cascade, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. (nature.com)
  • There is evidence that cell proliferation in Spitz nevi, as in other types of nevi and in melanoma, is primarily mediated by activating mutations affecting genes in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK-MAP kinase pathway. (medscape.com)
  • Quercetin also inhibited Ang II-induced Shc·p85 association and subsequent activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt pathway in RASMC. (aspetjournals.org)
  • 2. Find values for the kinetic parameters from experimental b pathway have been detected in several human diseases, estimates or by fitting the model to experimental kinetic most notably in many forms of cancer, and in fibrotic diseases data. (lu.se)
  • Step 2 often presents the main limitation for a pathway or a simple ON/OFF language as means to draw conclusions modeling approach. (lu.se)
  • In mammals, there are several distinct MAP kinase pathways including the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway, the SAPK/JNK (stress-activated protein kinase/c-jun kinase) pathway, and the p38 kinase pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • Orthologous to human MAPKAPK2 (MAPK activated protein kinase 2). (nih.gov)
  • Proinflammatory Effect of Endothelial Microparticles Is Mitochondria Mediated and Modulated Through MAPKAPK2 (MAPK-Activated Protein Kinase 2) Leading to Attenuation of Cardiac Hypertrophy. (nih.gov)
  • A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of protein kinase that is specific to the amino acids serine and threonine (i.e., a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase). (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] MAPKs belong to the CMGC (CDK/MAPK/GSK3/CLK) kinase group. (wikipedia.org)
  • clarification needed] The mammalian MAPK family of kinases includes three subfamilies: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38s) Generally, ERKs are activated by growth factors and mitogens, whereas cellular stresses and inflammatory cytokines activate JNKs and p38s. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because MAP2 kinases display very little activity on substrates other than their cognate MAPK, classical MAPK pathways form multi-tiered, but relatively linear pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] In comparison to the three-tiered classical MAPK pathways, some atypical MAP kinases appear to have a more ancient, two-tiered system. (wikipedia.org)
  • It plays an important role in macrophage inflammatory responses through the negative regulation of Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling. (strath.ac.uk)
  • They are required for a host of physiological processes including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) regulation, steroidogenesis, appetite control and energy regulation. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • MAPK-Group (2002) Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in plants: a new nomenclature. (springer.com)
  • The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is a highly conserved module that is involved in various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (wikipathways.org)
  • The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) specific inhibitor AG1478 decreased ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation by ATP, suggesting that EGFR transactivation is important for ATP-mediated stimulation of MAPKs in this intestinal cell line. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • En los mamíferos, existen varias vías de MAPK diferentes, como la vía de ERK (cinasa regulada por señales extracelulares), la vía de SAPK/JNK (proteína-cinasa activada por el estrés/cinasa c-jun) y la vía de la cinasa p38. (bvsalud.org)
  • We here evaluated the effects of SP600125 (anthra[1,9- cd ]pyrazole-6 (2 H )-one), an inhibitor of c-Jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK), on the activation of PSCs. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We show that MAPKAP kinase-2 phosphorylates CREB at Ser133 in vitro, that the FGF- or stress-induced activation of MAPKAP kinase-2 and phosphorylation of CREB and ATF-1 are prevented by similar concentrations of the specific p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB 203580, and that MAPKAP kinase-2 is the only detectable SB 203580-sensitive CREB kinase in SK-N-MC cell extracts. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • bFGF treatment of I407 cells results in phosphorylation of p38, and the p38 inhibitor SB-203580 abrogates bFGF-induced PGE 2 synthesis. (utmb.edu)
  • bFGF treatment increased COX-2 mRNA stability, and the p38 inhibitor SB-203580 attenuated COX-2 mRNA stability in bFGF-treated I407 cells. (utmb.edu)
  • The human trabecular meshwork cells were treated with t BHP for 1 or 2 h with or without pretreatment of SB203580, an inhibitor of MAP kinase homologs. (molvis.org)
  • A screen profiling 158 kinase inhibitors (Calbiochem Protein Kinase Inhibitor Library I and II, catalogue numbers 539744 and 539745) for their inhibitory activity at 1µM and 10µM against 234 human recombinant kinases using the EMD Millipore KinaseProfiler TM service. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 1. Anastassiadis T, Deacon SW, Devarajan K, Ma H, Peterson JR. (2011) Comprehensive assay of kinase catalytic activity reveals features of kinase inhibitor selectivity. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Taken together, these experimental data add further concern to the fear that ACE-inhibitor or ARB-based treatments could worsen the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients suffering from simultaneously occurring CVD conditions. (bmj.com)
  • Hierarchical clustering of these benchmark kinase inhibitors on the basis of their kinome activity profiles illustrates how they relate to chemical structure similarities and provides new insights into inhibitor specificity and potential applications for probing new targets. (portlandpress.com)
  • Renoprotective effects of a novel Nox1/4 inhibitor in a momodel of type 2 diabetes. (ohri.ca)
  • We also examined the effects of FLX on the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2-related signaling within the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of adolescent mice and Sprague Dawley rats. (jneurosci.org)
  • Our findings showed that Ang II stimulated rapid and significant activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 in RASMC. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Here, we show that bergenin, a phytochemical isolated from tender leaves of Shorea robusta , activates the MAP kinase and ERK pathways and induces TNF-α, NO and IL-12 production in infected macrophages. (frontiersin.org)
  • CNPs also up-regulated expression of LC3-B, Beclin-1and p-JNK.CNPs are phagocytosed by HK-2 cells, leading to autophagy, apoptosis and ROS production, in part through activation of JNK signaling pathways. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, PAR 2 can signal to multiple pathways that are differentially triggered by distinct proteinase-revealed TLs or by synthetic signal-selective activating peptides. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In addition, western blot analysis revealed that ATP-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs in Caco-2 cells was dependent on calcium influx and intracellular calcium release, Src-family tyrosine kinases, and partially dependent on the cAMP/PKA and PKC pathways. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • citation needed] This tandem activation loop phosphorylation (that was proposed to be either distributive or processive, dependent on the cellular environment) is performed by members of the Ste7 protein kinase family, also known as MAP2 kinases. (wikipedia.org)
  • MAP2 kinases in turn, are also activated by phosphorylation, by a number of different upstream serine-threonine kinases (MAP3 kinases). (wikipedia.org)
  • On the signalling level, M-CSF stimulation induced extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) phosphorylation, which was significantly enhanced in the absence of MKP-2. (strath.ac.uk)
  • The mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK1/2, SAPK/JNK and p38 were activated via phosphorylation following 1-h exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • Hexavalent chromium up-regulated p-38 phosphorylation 23-fold and SAPK/JNK phosphorylation 17-fold, with a comparatively modest 4-fold increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation. (cdc.gov)
  • Manganese caused a two- to four-fold increase in SAPK/JNK and ERK 1/2 phosphorylation, with no observed effects on p38 kinase. (cdc.gov)
  • Nickel caused increased (two-fold) phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 only, and was not cytotoxic over the tested concentration range. (cdc.gov)
  • Liu Y, Zhang S (2004) Phosphorylation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase by MPK6, a stress-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase, induces ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis . (springer.com)
  • We demonstrate, by confocal microscopy, that stimulation of Caco-2 cells with ATP results in the translocation of active MAPKs to the nucleous where they induce the expression of c-Fos and Jun family proteins, the phosphorylation of ATF-1, ATF-2 and JunD transcription factors and stimulate Caco-2 cell proliferation. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Glutaredoxin-2 is Required to Control Oxidative Phosphorylation in Cardiac Muscle by Mediating Deglutathionylation Reactions. (ohri.ca)
  • The closest relatives of MAPKs are the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast to the classical MAP kinases, these atypical MAPKs require only a single residue in their activation loops to be phosphorylated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) comprise a large family of proteins activated by a wide range of proinflammatory cytokines and environmental stress. (molvis.org)
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs or MPKs) are one of the most important and conserved signaling molecules in plants. (springer.com)
  • Mammals express at least four distinctly regulated groups of MAPKs, extracellular signal-related kinases (ERK)-1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), p38 proteins (p38alpha/beta/gamma/delta) and ERK5, that are activated by specific MAPKKs: MEK1/2 for ERK1/2, MKK3/6 for the p38, MKK4/7 (JNKK1/2) for the JNKs, and MEK5 for ERK5. (wikipathways.org)
  • 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina In the present work, we examined the role of ATP in the activation of the MAP kinases (MAPKs) ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38 and their involvement in the modulation of transcription factors and proliferation of human colon cancer Caco-2 cells. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • A novel series of compounds based on the pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine ring system have been identified as potent p38 alpha MAP kinase inhibitors. (rcsb.org)
  • 22, Kinase inhibitors. (uni-tuebingen.de)
  • A screen of 72 inhibitors against 456 human kinases. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • A screen profiling the inhibitory activity of 178 commercially available kinase inhibitors at 0.5µM against a panel of 300 recombinant protein kinases using the Reaction Biology Corporation Kinase Hotspot SM platform. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 2010) Activation state-dependent binding of small molecule kinase inhibitors: structural insights from biochemistry. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • In this respect, while SARS-CoV-2-infected patients of older age with CVD comorbidities show a more severe clinical course and a worse prognosis, it should be adequately underscored that many of these patients in Italy are currently treated with ACE-inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), which are considered the drugs of first choice for hypertension and other CVD conditions (6). (bmj.com)
  • Despite the development of a number of efficacious kinase inhibitors, the strategies for rational design of these compounds have been limited by target promiscuity. (portlandpress.com)
  • In an effort to better understand the nature of kinase inhibition across the kinome, especially as it relates to off-target effects, we screened a well-defined collection of kinase inhibitors using biochemical assays for inhibitory activity against 234 active human kinases and kinase complexes, representing all branches of the kinome tree. (portlandpress.com)
  • For our study we employed 158 small molecules initially identified in the literature as potent and specific inhibitors of kinases important as therapeutic targets and/or signal transduction regulators. (portlandpress.com)
  • Cell proteins were analysed with 2-dimensional electrophoresis and differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (who.int)
  • Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)
  • Our preliminary study using 2D isolates were recovered from liq- new cases throughout the world cu- gel electrophoresis in drug sensitive/ uid nitrogen, and sub-cultured in taneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains resistant strains of L. tropica showed RPMI1640 medium (Gibco/BRL) a serious public health problem in that some proteins were differentially supplemented with 10% fetal bovine numerous countries [1,2]. (who.int)
  • The first mitogen-activated protein kinase to be discovered was ERK1 (MAPK3) in mammals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus the role of mammalian ERK1/2 kinases as regulators of cell proliferation is not a generic, but a highly specialized function. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the case of classical MAP kinases, the activation loop contains a characteristic TxY (threonine-x-tyrosine) motif (TEY in mammalian ERK1 and ERK2, TDY in ERK5, TPY in JNKs, TGY in p38 kinases) that needs to be phosphorylated on both the threonine and the tyrosine residues in order to lock the kinase domain in a catalytically competent conformation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both extracellular receptor kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 were phosphorylated rapidly with a subsequent decline, in a time- and dose-dependent manner, in response to both ORA and ORB. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • Effects were broadly comparable for both orexin sub-types ORA and ORB and although most of the effects were transmitted through the orexin receptor-1 subtype, we did observe a role for orexin receptor-2-mediated activation of both ERK1/2 and p38. (warwick.ac.uk)
  • For example, activation of ERK1/2 by growth factors depends on the MAPKKK c-Raf, but other MAPKKKs may activate ERK1/2 in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli. (wikipathways.org)
  • Ang II-induced JNK activation was inhibited by 3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin), a major bioflavonoid in foods of plant origin, whereas ERK1/2 and p38 activation by Ang II were not affected by quercetin. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)
  • Human renal proximal convoluted tubule cell (HK-2) cultures were exposed to CNPs for 0, 12 and 72 h, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis levels were evaluated. (nih.gov)
  • This study is to investigate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in tert -butyl hydroperoxide ( t BHP)-induced apoptosis of human trabecular meshwork (iHTM) cells. (molvis.org)
  • Mitogen-activated protein kinases are catalytically inactive in their base form. (wikipedia.org)
  • SP600125 inhibited interleukin-1β-induced JNK activity and activator protein-1 activation, but it did not affect the activation of extracellular-regulated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB. (aspetjournals.org)
  • It is an integral component of the MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase cascade. (hindawi.com)
  • Background: Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-2 (MKP-2) is a type 1 nuclear dual specific phosphatase (DUSP-4). (strath.ac.uk)
  • To do so, we mutated the proteolytically revealed TL sequence of rPAR 2 and examined the impact on stimulating intracellular calcium transients and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, TNF α and Fas induced the cleavage of mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase kinase (MEKK)1, resulting in generation of a constitutive active form of MEKK1 leading to JNK activation in c-FLIP knockdown cells. (nature.com)
  • Kovtun Y, Chiu WL, Tena G, Sheen J (2000) Functional analysis of oxidative stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in plants. (springer.com)
  • Ang II-induced cellular events have been implicated, in part, in the activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. (aspetjournals.org)
  • An intracellular signaling system involving the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades (three-membered protein kinase cascades). (bvsalud.org)
  • These findings provide new molecular basis for further understanding the mechanisms involved in ATP functions, as a signal transducer and activator of MAP kinase cascades, in Caco-2 cells derived from human colon adenocarcinoma. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • the expression of CD115, which is a receptor for M-CSF, and CD34, a stem/progenitor cell marker, suggesting global regulation of gene expression by MKP-2. (strath.ac.uk)
  • We evaluated the ability of different trypsin-revealed tethered ligand (TL) sequences of rat proteinase-activated receptor 2 (rPAR 2 ) and the corresponding soluble TL-derived agonist peptides to trigger agonist-biased signaling. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The data indicate that the proteolytically revealed TL sequence(s) and the mode of its presentation to the receptor (tethered versus soluble) can confer biased signaling by PAR 2 , its arrestin recruitment, and its internalization. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The antagonists of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) have been shown to interfere with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-2 receptor expression in heart and kidney tissues. (bmj.com)
  • As already shown for SARS-CoV, the viral pathogen responsible for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), ACE2 is the main cell receptor also for SARS-CoV-2. (bmj.com)
  • Upon trypsin activation, all constructs stimulated MAP kinase signaling, but only the wt-rPAR 2 and rPAR 2 -Ala 39-42 triggered calcium signaling. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, the TL-derived synthetic peptide SLAAAA-NH 2 failed to cause PAR 2 -mediated calcium signaling but did activate MAP kinase, whereas SLIGRL-NH 2 triggered both calcium and MAP kinase signaling by all receptors. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The observed effects of welding fume metals on cellular signaling in lung epithelium demonstrate a potentially significant interplay between stress-response signaling (p38 and SAPK/JNK) and anti-apototic signaling (ERK 1/2) that is dependant on the specific metal or combination of metals involved. (cdc.gov)
  • Bethke G, Unthan T, Uhrig JF, Poschl Y, Gust AA, Scheel D, Lee J (2009) Flg22 regulates the release of an ethylene response factor substrate from MAP kinase 6 in Arabidopsis thaliana via ethylene signaling. (springer.com)
  • Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activates a protein kinase cascade in SK-N-MC cells that regulates gene expression at a cyclic-AMP response element (CRE) by stimulating the transcriptional activity of CREB. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • BRAF is a protein kinase and part of the MAP kinase signalling cascade which involves transduction of a growth signal from the cell membrane to the nucleus via a chain of protein kinases and is responsible for cellular proliferation and survival. (hindawi.com)
  • ZAT10 was phosphorylated by recombinant Arabidopsis MPK3 and MPK6 in a kinase assay. (springer.com)
  • Cell viability was analyzed using 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2h-tetrazolium bromide assay. (molvis.org)
  • Furthermore, ZAT10 was also phosphorylated by native MPK3 and MPK6 prepared from Arabidopsis plants in an in-gel kinase assay. (springer.com)
  • These sites were verified by site-directed mutagenesis and in vitro kinase assays. (springer.com)
  • Reactive oxygen species promote TNF α -induced death and sustained JNK activation by inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatases. (nature.com)
  • Methods: We investigated the impact of MKP-2 in the regulation of several genes that are involved in function while using comparative whole genome microarray analysis in macrophages from MKP-2 wild type (wt) and knock out (ko) mice. (strath.ac.uk)
  • The BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B) gene encodes a protein that belongs to the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (hindawi.com)
  • Spitz nevi (as well as as atypical Spitz tumors and spitzoid melanomas) frequently harbor kinase fusions (ROS1, NTRK1, ALK, BRAF, RET, MET) in mutually exclusive pattern. (medscape.com)
  • [ 2 ] Thus, establishing whether BRAF mutations exist in melanoma is now of critical therapeutic importance. (medscape.com)
  • Proteomic grade correlations identified protein kinases having functional impact in vitro in uterine endometrial cancer cells, including MAP3K2, MASTL, and TTK. (nih.gov)
  • However, the effect of FGF is not mediated by cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, TPA-sensitive isoforms of protein kinase-C, p70(S6K) or p90(rsk) (all of which phosphorylate CREB at Ser133 in vitro). (dundee.ac.uk)
  • AngII increased, while myostatin-Mut plasmid, SB203580, losartan, and myocyte enhance factor 2 (MEF-2) antibody abolished the myostatin promoter activity. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Breakdown of immune tolerance is believed to be one of the major mechanisms which triggers the production of autoantibodies by B cells and antibody forming cells, leading to inflammation upon binding to autoantigens and consequent tissue damage [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Results: Our data showed that the lack of MKP-2 caused a significant down-regulation of colony-stimulating factor-2 (Csf2) and monocyte to macrophage-associated differentiation (Mmd) genes, suggesting a role of MKP-2 in macrophage development. (strath.ac.uk)
  • they were found to contain fetuin-A. Exposure of HK-2 cells to CNPs induced ROS production, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and decreased cell viability. (nih.gov)
  • Ichimura K, Mizoguchi T, Yoshida R, Yuasa T, Shinozaki K (2000) Various abiotic stresses rapidly activate Arabidopsis MAP kinases ATMPK4 and ATMPK6. (springer.com)
  • We also show that transfection of RK/p38 MAP kinase in SK-N-MC cells, but not transfection of p44 MAP kinase, activates Gal4-CREB-dependent transcription via Ser133. (dundee.ac.uk)
  • MAP kinases perform as an incorporation point for various biochemical signals. (prospecbio.com)
  • Here, we identified a C 2 H 2 -type zinc finger transcription factor from Arabidopsis , ZAT10, as a substrate of MPKs. (springer.com)
  • Droillard M, Boudsocq M, Barbier-Brygoo H, Lauriere C (2002) Different protein kinase families are activated by osmotic stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana cell suspensions. (springer.com)
  • Enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity. (nih.gov)
  • A very conserved family of dedicated phosphatases is the so-called MAP kinase phosphatases (MKPs), a subgroup of dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs). (wikipedia.org)
  • Activation of MAP kinases by hexavalent chromium, manganese and nickel in human lung epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus, we hypothesized that bioflavonoids may affect Ang II-induced MAP kinase activation in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC). (aspetjournals.org)
  • These kinase fusions represent partial transformation towards potential melanoma as well as potential therapeutic targets for metastatic melanoma harboring these kinase fusions. (medscape.com)
  • Conclusions: Transcriptome profiling reveals that MKP-2 regulates macrophage development showing candidate targets from monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and macrophage proliferation. (strath.ac.uk)
  • MAP kinases take part in an extensive range of cellular courses like differentiation, development, transcription regulation and proliferation. (prospecbio.com)
  • Mathematical modeling of signal transduction networks has previously been used to map out thermodynamical using rate equations is increasingly attracting attention as a properties of protein-folding models (6,7). (lu.se)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Nearly all of Spitz's original series of 13 cases are now regarded as representing Spitz nevi, only one case having proved to be a melanoma resulting in metastasis and death. (medscape.com)
  • As a matter of fact, it has been additionally claimed that the ACE2 upregulation putatively induced by these two drug classes, although elicited through different mechanisms, could favour SARS-CoV-2 human lung tissue colonization (12). (bmj.com)
  • Podocyte-specific overexpression of human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 attenuates diabetic nephropathy in mice. (ohri.ca)
  • Using affinity purification-mass spectrometry and global phosphoproteomic and protein abundance analyses using three IAV strains (pH1N1, H3N2, H5N1) in three human cell types (A549, NHBE, THP-1), we map 332 IAV-human protein-protein interactions and identify 13 IAV-modulated kinases. (cdc.gov)
  • L'analyse d'image des cartes appariées a permis d'identifier sept protéines qui étaient soit surexprimées, soit sous-exprimées : le récepteur de la protéine kinase C activée, la tubuline alpha (×2), la prostaglandine F2-alpha synthase, la protéine disulfide isomérase, une protéine du transport vésiculaire et une protéine hypothétique. (who.int)
  • Increased urinary angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in renal transplant patients with diabetes. (ohri.ca)
  • Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 105 (2), 477-486. (usm.edu)
  • The intestinal cell line I407 responds to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) by upregulating cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and protein expression and increasing PGE2 production. (utmb.edu)
  • This effect of MKP-2 deletion on macrophage function was also observed by cell counting and DNA measurements. (strath.ac.uk)