• The modern concept of ventilator-induced lung injury is described in the context of alveolar over-distention (volutrauma), alveolar de-recruitment (atelectrauma), and biochemical injury and inflammantion to the lung parenchyma (biotrauma). (medicosecuador.com)
  • Ventilator-induced lung injury is a subtle injury that can cause ARDS, progression of existing ARDS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Ventilator-induced lung injury can also result from cyclic closing and re-opening of alveoli (atelectrauma). (medicosecuador.com)
  • Research continues to help clinicians reduce the incidence of ventilator-induced lung injury and mortality associated with ARDS. (rtmagazine.com)
  • Tidal lung hysteresis to interpret PEEP-induced changes in compliance in ARDS patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study aims to assess tidal recruitment in ARDS patients and to test a combined approach, based on tidal hysteresis and compliance , to interpret decremental PEEP trials. (bvsalud.org)
  • Acute lung injury (ALI) comprises acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a grave and deadly form of acute lung injury, and other minor degrees of lung injuries. (sbwire.com)
  • In 1994, a consensus definition was recommended for ARDS: acute onset of respiratory failure, bilateral infiltrates on chest radiograph, pulmonary artery wedge pressure less than or equal to 18 mm Hg, or the absence of clinical evidence of left atrial hypertension, PaO 2 /FIO 2 less than or equal to 300 (acute lung injury) or PaO 2 /FIO 2 less than or equal to 200 (ARDS). (medicosecuador.com)
  • The difference between acute lung injury (ALI) and ARDS is that ALI includes a milder form of the same syndrome. (medicosecuador.com)
  • The clinical disorders commonly associated with ARDS can be divided into those associated with direct injury to the lung (pulmonary ARDS) and those that cause indirect lung injury in the setting of a systemic process (extrapulmonary ARDS). (medicosecuador.com)
  • Causes of ARDS due to direct lung injury include pneumonia, aspiration of gastric contents, pulmonary contusion, fat emboli, near-drowning, inhalational injury, and reperfusion pulmonary edema after lung transplantation or pulmonary embolectomy. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Common causes of ARDS due to indirect lung injury include sepsis, severe trauma with shock and multiple transfusions, cardiopulmonary bypass, drug overdose, acute pancreatitis, and transfusions of blood products. (medicosecuador.com)
  • When traditional tidal volumes of 10 to 15 mL/kg are used in patients with ALI/ARDS receiving mechanical ventilation, the resulting alveolar pressures are frequently elevated, reflecting over-distention particularly of the less-affected lung regions. (medicosecuador.com)
  • The number of cases in the United States alone has been reported as 150,000 per year, with a mortality of 50 percent to 70 percent.2 ARDS is a catastrophic pulmonary event in a patient with previously normal lungs. (rtmagazine.com)
  • ARDS is classically characterized as respiratory failure with hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, an increased shunt fraction, and radiologic evidence of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. (rtmagazine.com)
  • To gain a better understanding of ARDS, we posit the following feedback mechanism in which inflammation products in the lung lead to mechanical instabilities in breathing. (aiche.org)
  • In this work, we examine how one of the inflammation products found in the lungs of ARDS patients, lysolipids, which are formed by the phospholipase 2 catalyzed breakdown of bacterial and viral membrane lipids. (aiche.org)
  • Pediatric acute lung injury (PALI) is a common complication of congenital heart disease that presents with refractory hypoxemia. (springer.com)
  • In the supine position, both heart and diaphragm compression may aggravate the collapse of the gravity-dependent area of the lung and worsen hypoxemia and ventilator-related lung injury [ 8 ]. (springer.com)
  • It includes acute respiratory failure owing to progressive hypoxemia, diffuse bilateral pulmonary infiltration, and reduced lung compliance. (sbwire.com)
  • COVID-19 causes low pulmonary compliance and important changes in lung function with hypoxemia and cardiovascular repercussions. (bvsalud.org)
  • J Heart Lung Transplant 1998;17:703-709. (medigraphic.com)
  • Registry of the international society for heart and lung transplantation: twenty-second official adult lung and heart-lung transplant report-2005. (medigraphic.com)
  • J Heart Lung Transplant 2005;24:956-967. (medigraphic.com)
  • J. Heart Lung Transplant. (nature.com)
  • In March 2022, a 61-year-old woman in France who had received a heart-lung transplant sought treatment with chronic hepatitis mainly characterized by increased liver enzymes. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical and laboratory data over time for a heart-lung transplant patient in France who had cytolytic hepatitis caused by HCirV-1 develop. (cdc.gov)
  • The patient had received a heart-lung transplant 17 years earlier because of Eisenmenger syndrome related to ventricular septal defect. (cdc.gov)
  • The diseases cause inflammation or scarring of the lung tissue (interstitial lung disease) or result in filling of the air spaces with exudate and debris (pneumonitis). (medscape.com)
  • The mnemonic "PAINT" has been used to divide the causes of restrictive lung disease into pleural, alveolar, interstitial, neuromuscular, and thoracic cage abnormalities. (medscape.com)
  • Acute lung injury is a part of the systemic inflammatory process where the lung demonstrates symptoms similar to other tissues such as extravascation of protein rich fluid, destruction in capillary endothelium, and interstitial edema. (sbwire.com)
  • The inflammation occurs in the alveoli, bronchioles and interstitial spaces of the lungs. (ukessays.com)
  • In Emphysema, where many alveolar walls are lost resulting in the lungs becoming loose and floppy that only a small pressure difference is necessary to maintain a large volume. (biologyonline.com)
  • A randomized trial comparing lung-volume- reduction surgery with medical therapy for severe emphysema. (medigraphic.com)
  • There is a genetic factor called alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency that places a small percentage (less than 1%) of people at higher risk for COPD (and emphysema) because of a protective factor (alpha-1 antitrypsin protein) for lung tissue elasticity is decreased or absent. (medicinenet.com)
  • 1) chronic bronchitis , 2) emphysema, and 3) infectious diseases of the lung. (medicinenet.com)
  • Emphysema is an abnormal and permanent enlargement of the air spaces (alveoli) located at the end of the terminal bronchioles in the lungs. (medicinenet.com)
  • The Bern researchers took an interest in young adults who were admitted for treatment of collapsed lungs or emphysema. (swissinfo.ch)
  • These patients' lung tissue was severely damaged and the type of emphysema found is unusual in younger people. (swissinfo.ch)
  • In an established mouse model of emphysema, lentivirally delivered hAAT ameliorated the progression of emphysema, as evidenced by attenuation of increased lung compliance and alveolar size. (jci.org)
  • Air flows to and from the alveoli as lungs inflate and deflate during each respiratory cycle. (medscape.com)
  • The decrease in elasticity of the lungs means that oxygen in the air cannot get by obstructions (for example, thick mucus plugs) to reach air spaces (alveoli) where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs in the lungs. (medicinenet.com)
  • Minimizing alveoli overdistension may prevent secondary lung injury. (rtmagazine.com)
  • Following a single in vivo lentiviral transduction, genetically tagged AMs persisted in lung alveoli and expressed transferred genes for the lifetime of the adult mouse. (jci.org)
  • Technique of successful lung transplantation in human. (medigraphic.com)
  • Results of single-lung transplantation for bilateral pulmonary fibrosis. (medigraphic.com)
  • Techniques of successful clinical double-lung transplantation. (medigraphic.com)
  • Thromboxane B2 and lung transplantation: Correlation of rejection with levels detected in bronchoalveolar lavage. (medigraphic.com)
  • Patients awaiting lung transplantation face high wait-list mortality, as injury precludes the use of most donor lungs. (nature.com)
  • Here we demonstrate that acutely injured human lungs declined for transplantation, including a lung that failed to recover on EVLP, can be recovered by cross-circulation of whole blood between explanted human lungs and a Yorkshire swine. (nature.com)
  • Our findings suggest that cross-circulation can serve as a complementary approach to clinical EVLP to recover injured donor lungs that could not otherwise be utilized for transplantation, as well as a translational research platform for immunomodulation and advanced organ bioengineering. (nature.com)
  • Normothermic ex vivo lung perfusion in clinical lung transplantation. (nature.com)
  • Lung or heart-lung transplantation is an option for patients who have respiratory insufficiency or failure and who remain at risk of death despite optimal medical treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
  • the exception is chronic diffuse infection (eg, bronchiectasis), for which double lung transplantation is best. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cor pulmonale often reverses after lung transplantation alone and is therefore rarely an indication for heart-lung transplantation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Single and double lung procedures are about equally common and are at least 8 times more common than heart-lung transplantation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • If caused by parenchymal lung disease, restrictive lung disorders are accompanied by reduced gas transfer, which may be marked clinically by desaturation after exercise. (medscape.com)
  • Although this occurs in most patients without any radiographic changes suggesting parenchymal lung disease, it has been attributed to the development of microatelectasis. (bmj.com)
  • Ethnic and age-specific acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome risk associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphisms, implications for COVID-19: A meta-analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • It is important for interpreting volume-dependent pulmonary mechanics such as airway resistance or forced expiratory flows, and for defining normal lung growth. (ersjournals.com)
  • The aim of this paper is to summarize what is currently seen to be good laboratory practice, and to provide recommendations for both users and manufacturers of infant lung function equipment and software with respect to plethysmographic measurements of lung volume and airway resistance in infants. (ersjournals.com)
  • Nevertheless, the dynamic characteristics of patients in respiratory failure cause fluctuations of lung compliance (C) and airway resistance (R). Recently, Gattinoni et al. (archbronconeumol.org)
  • No significant NO2 effects were found for the nitrogen washout, compliance, lung volumes, diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide, or upstream airway resistance. (epa.gov)
  • Although some respiratory disorders, such as sleep apnea, occur only during sleep, virtually all respiratory disorders-including upper airway obstruction, central hypoventilation, and chronic lung disease-are worse during sleep than wakefulness. (atsjournals.org)
  • Acute lung injury, a common condition characterized by acute severe hypoxia without evidence of hydrostatic pulmonary edema, remains a key source of mortality and morbidity in critically ill patients. (sbwire.com)
  • Acute lung injury (ALI) remains an important cause of illness and mortality among the critically ill patient population. (sbwire.com)
  • We conclude that smokers have fewer alveolar attachments than do nonsmokers, and that the loss of alveolar attachments represents an early stage in the destruction of lung parenchyma, and is probably linked to inflammation of the small airways. (nih.gov)
  • Restrictive lung diseases are characterized by reduced lung volumes, either because of an alteration in lung parenchyma or because of a disease of the pleura, chest wall, or neuromuscular apparatus. (medscape.com)
  • The first is intrinsic lung diseases or diseases of the lung parenchyma. (medscape.com)
  • All were ventilator dependent with chronic lung disease. (nih.gov)
  • These results suggest that in infants with early and late chronic lung disease, bronchospasm can be partially alleviated by inhaled bronchodilators. (nih.gov)
  • Unlike obstructive lung diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which show a normal or increased total lung capacity (TLC), restrictive disease are associated with a decreased TLC. (medscape.com)
  • Lung volume restriction in patients with chronic respiratory muscle weakness: the role of microatelectasis. (bmj.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS--In many patients with chronic weakness of the respiratory muscles the reduced lung distensibility does not appear to be caused by microatelectasis. (bmj.com)
  • This study examined the effects of bronchodilator-induced reductions in lung hyperinflation on breathing pattern, ventilation and dyspnoea during exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (ersjournals.com)
  • Several recent studies have shown that improvements in exertional dyspnoea following bronchodilator therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) correlate well with reductions in lung hyperinflation, as indicated by increases in inspiratory capacity (IC) 1 - 5 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a slowly progressive obstruction of airflow into or out of the lungs . (medicinenet.com)
  • In general, three other non-genetic problems related to lung tissue play a role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (medicinenet.com)
  • Infectious diseases of the lung may damage areas of the lung tissue and contribute to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (medicinenet.com)
  • What is the rate of death from lung cancer in persons at elevated risk with different clinical phenotypes (sex, age, race, risk, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, other comorbidities) who undergo screening with low-dose CT, compared with no screening or screening with another modality? (aafp.org)
  • The main outcome measures will be lung compliance and oxygenation index. (springer.com)
  • Acute lung injury (ALI) is a medical disorder with concentrated oxygenation capacity of the lungs in spite of administering oxygen in high concentrations. (sbwire.com)
  • Using the National Cancer Database, patients with metastatic thoracic non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2016 who received radiation therapy for bony sites of metastatic disease were identified. (jnccn.org)
  • Among patients treated for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, compliance with NQF 1822 increased over time. (jnccn.org)
  • Bone metastases are common in patients presenting with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and are often treated with palliative radiation therapy. (jnccn.org)
  • A single-center, randomized controlled trial of pediatric patients with acute lung injury after surgery for congenital heart disease who will receive prone position ventilation or usual care (control group). (springer.com)
  • It has been observed that even in patients who survive acute lung injury, the quality of life is adversely affected in the long term. (sbwire.com)
  • Ongoing research in the area of fluid conservation and lung-protective ventilation strategies have demonstrated improvements in survival rate of patients. (sbwire.com)
  • The hydrostatic pressure however remains unaffected in the patients suffering with acute lung injury (ALI). (sbwire.com)
  • BACKGROUND--It is well established that patients with longstanding weakness of the respiratory muscles have a reduction in lung distensibility. (bmj.com)
  • Static expiratory lung compliance was decreased in 12 of the 14 patients and averaged 69.1% of the predicted value. (bmj.com)
  • Infectious diseases that destroy lung tissue in patients with hyperactive airways or asthma also may contribute to COPD. (medicinenet.com)
  • While patients can undergo surgery to alleviate their breathing problems, the researchers said that in some cases a lung transplant is the only long-term solution. (swissinfo.ch)
  • combined effect of expiratory ribcage compression technique and intercostal stretch technique on static lung compliance and hemodynamic parameters in mechanically ventilated patients. (who.int)
  • Compliance is highest at moderate lung volumes, and much lower at volumes which are very low or very high. (wikipedia.org)
  • The many disorders that cause reduction or restriction of lung volumes may be divided into two groups based on anatomical structures. (medscape.com)
  • Restrictive lung diseases are characterized by a reduction in FRC and other lung volumes because of pathology in the lungs, pleura, or structures of the thoracic cage. (medscape.com)
  • In cases of intrinsic lung disease, the physiological effects of diffuse parenchymal disorders reduce all lung volumes by the excessive elastic recoil of the lungs, relative to the outward recoil forces of the chest wall. (medscape.com)
  • The ability to apply realistic patient variability using discretized lumped-parameters that define lung volumes, compliances, and resistances. (kitware.com)
  • A new sigmoid compliance waveform to help meet the validation of compartment pressures, flows, volumes, and substance values. (kitware.com)
  • ce {cm\,H2O^{-1}}}} Static compliance represents pulmonary compliance during periods without gas flow, such as during an inspiratory pause. (wikipedia.org)
  • RESULTS--Vital capacity, total lung capacity, and inspiratory muscle strength were reduced to a mean of 59.5%, 73.9%, and 51.1% of predicted values, respectively. (bmj.com)
  • Lung compliance, or pulmonary compliance, is a measure of the lung's ability to stretch and expand (distensibility of elastic tissue). (wikipedia.org)
  • 2) A measure of the distensibility of lung using the following formula: C = ΔV / ΔP, where ΔV is the change in volume and ΔP is the change in pressure, typically expressed in L/cm HOH. (biologyonline.com)
  • The distensibility of the respiratory system is called compliance. (medscape.com)
  • Refer travelers to an infectious disease specialist if there is clinical suspicion of a lung fluke infection. (cdc.gov)
  • After an initial injury or infection in the lung, inflammation occurs, allowing proteins and phospholipases from the blood to enter the lungs. (aiche.org)
  • It is also indicated to protect the uninvolved lung in the setting of pulmonary hemorrhage or infection, during one-lung lavage, or in the setting of a bronchopleural fistula. (medscape.com)
  • In clinical practice it is separated into two different measurements, static compliance and dynamic compliance. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the Melbourne Asthma study that examines the natural history of asthma, results demonstrate that lung function as well as clinical outcomes are predicted by asthma severity in childhood. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Extended criteria donor lungs and clinical outcome: results of an alternative allocation algorithm. (nature.com)
  • What is the rate of lung cancer detection when clinical risk assessment tools are applied for the selection of persons at elevated risk of lung cancer for low-dose CT screening, compared with the use of criteria from the National Lung Screening Trial or U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)? (aafp.org)
  • Tidal lung hysteresis increases with intra-tidal recruitment and can help interpreting changes in compliance . (bvsalud.org)
  • At each step, we performed a low-flow inflation -deflation manoeuvre between PEEP and a constant plateau pressure , to measure tidal hysteresis and compliance . (bvsalud.org)
  • Compliance increased after 82% of PEEP step decreases and this was associated to a large increase of tidal hysteresis in 44% of cases. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lung compliance is independent of the thoracic cage, which is a semirigid container. (medscape.com)
  • Ralph Schmid, head of thoracic surgery at the hospital, spent two-and-a-half years with his team finding what might be the cause of these diseased lungs. (swissinfo.ch)
  • In an article to be published in the European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery this week, Schmid and his co-authors warn that regular daily use of cannabis can lead to severe lung damage and breathing problems. (swissinfo.ch)
  • OLV improves surgical exposure and operative conditions during a variety of procedures in the thorax, including lung resections, esophageal surgery, and procedures involving access to the thoracic aorta and the sympathetic chain. (medscape.com)
  • b Diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide. (medscape.com)
  • They include idiopathic fibrotic diseases, connective-tissue diseases, drug-induced lung disease, environmental exposures (inorganic and organic dusts), and primary diseases of the lungs (including sarcoidosis). (medscape.com)
  • It might be related to alterations in elasticity of the lung tissue. (bmj.com)
  • Damage to the lung tissue over time causes physical changes in the tissues of the lungs and clogging of the airways with thick mucus. (medicinenet.com)
  • The tissue damage in the lungs leads to poor compliance (the elasticity, or ability of the lung tissue to expand). (medicinenet.com)
  • The research included x-rays, scans, a complete medical history and a check of lung function and tissue. (swissinfo.ch)
  • The tests were unable to show which substances had caused the lung damage, but cannabis fibres were found in the tissue samples and can constitute the starting point for inflammation. (swissinfo.ch)
  • The middle slide depicts a lung with fibrotic tissue resulting from simple coal workers' pneumoconiosis or black lung. (npr.org)
  • The slide on the right shows hardened and blackened lung tissue when black lung disease reaches its most advanced stage. (npr.org)
  • Objective is to predict smoking attributable deaths (SAD) for lung cancer and all causes in Italy, 2015 to 2040, assuming a yet unimplemented tobacco control policies (TCP) and a national, low-dose, lung cancer, computed tomography (CT) annual screening program (CT screen). (who.int)
  • Low-dose chest computed tomography (CT)-based screening for lung cancer has become the standard of care in the United States since the results of the National Lung Screening Trial were published. (aafp.org)
  • On multivariable analysis, predictors of NQF 1822 compliance included year of diagnosis after 2011, treatment to an extremity, or treatment at an academic facility. (jnccn.org)
  • Exhalation occurs continuously as a passive flow of gas out of the lungs. (rtmagazine.com)
  • The resulting Laplace instability (which occurs when the dilatational modulus(d/dlnA) is greater than half the surface tension leads to alveolar flooding and decreased lung compliance, further exacerbating lung injury. (aiche.org)
  • Diseases of these structures result in lung restriction, impaired ventilatory function, and respiratory failure (eg, nonmuscular diseases of the chest wall, neuromuscular disorders). (medscape.com)
  • The volume of FRC is determined by the balance of the inward elastic recoil of the lungs and the outward elastic recoil of the chest wall. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, it is influenced by any disease of the lungs, pleura, or chest wall. (medscape.com)
  • In infants, chest wall compliance is three times the lung compliance ( 11 ). (atsjournals.org)
  • Low compliance indicates a stiff lung (one with high elastic recoil) and can be thought of as a thick balloon - this is the case often seen in fibrosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prone position ventilation refers to placement of the patient in the prone position during mechanical ventilation to facilitate lung expansion in the atelectatic area and improve the ventilation-perfusion ratio. (springer.com)
  • It has become increasingly accepted that mechanical ventilation, although often life-saving, can contribute to lung injury. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Bronchodilator-induced lung deflation reduced mechanical restriction, increased ventilatory capacity and decreased respiratory discomfort, thereby increasing exercise endurance. (ersjournals.com)
  • The current study extends previous studies conducted in the present authors' laboratory using ipratropium bromide by, in addition, examining the effect of a bronchodilator (salmeterol) on plethysmographic lung volume components at rest and on breathing pattern and ventilatory capacity during exercise. (ersjournals.com)
  • Functional reserve capacity (FRC) is the volume of air in the lungs when the respiratory muscles are fully relaxed and no airflow is present. (medscape.com)
  • Ventilating the lungs in a manner that promotes alveolar over-distention and de-recruitment increases inflammation in the lungs (biotrauma). (medicosecuador.com)
  • Cross-circulation for extracorporeal support and recovery of the lung. (nature.com)
  • clamping of the pulmonary artery of the operative lung, and use of extracorporeal support. (medscape.com)
  • This xenogeneic platform provided explanted human lungs a supportive, physiologic milieu and systemic regulation that resulted in functional and histological recovery after 24 h of normothermic support. (nature.com)
  • How the lungs are ventilated may thus play a role in systemic inflammation. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Systemic inflammation arising from the lungs can lead to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. (medicosecuador.com)
  • Lung cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • More people in the United States die from lung cancer than any other type of cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • The Lung Cancer Stat Bite provides an overview of incidence, deaths, stage distribution, and five-year relative survival. (cdc.gov)
  • See rates or numbers of new lung and bronchus cancers or lung and bronchus cancer deaths for the entire United States and individual states. (cdc.gov)
  • See rates or numbers of new lung and bronchus cancers or lung and bronchus cancer deaths by race/ethnicity, sex, and age group. (cdc.gov)
  • Can a national lung cancer screening program in combination with smoking cessation policies cause an early decrease in tobacco deaths in Italy? (who.int)
  • The CT screen brought a 3.0% constant annual reduction in lung cancer SAD and decreased or postponed all-cause SAD by 1.7% annually (a half due to respiratory diseases), relative to the status quo scenario. (who.int)
  • The lung cancer and all-cause SAD under cessation treatment policies, for instance, were reduced by 8.4% and 12.0% in 2030, respectively, and by 16.1% and 20.0% in 2040. (who.int)
  • TCP gave a greater effect than CT screen in reducing all-cause SAD because cessation brought about a reduction in smoking-related SAD other than lung cancer and respiratory diseases. (who.int)
  • Combining TCP and CT screen could bring about an early decrease in lung cancer and respiratory disease SAD due to CT screen, followed by a more substantial drop in all-cause SAD in subsequent decades due to TCP. (who.int)
  • Evidence-based tobacco cessation treatments should be provided to current smokers undergoing low-dose CT screening for lung cancer. (aafp.org)
  • What is the rate of death from lung cancer in persons at elevated risk who undergo screening with low-dose CT, compared with no screening or screening with another modality? (aafp.org)
  • What is the psychosocial impact (including distress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life) on persons at elevated risk of developing lung cancer who undergo screening with low-dose CT and are found to have a screen-detected lung nodule, compared with no screening or no nodule detected? (aafp.org)
  • What is the rate of lung cancer detection when molecular biomarker results are applied to the selection of persons at elevated risk of lung cancer for low-dose CT screening, compared with the use of the National Lung Screening Trial or USPSTF criteria? (aafp.org)
  • What is the stage distribution of lung cancer, the rate of death from lung cancer, and the portion of positive scans among persons at elevated risk of lung cancer who undergo annual screening with low-dose CT with a 4-mm nodule size threshold for defining positive findings, compared with other definitions? (aafp.org)
  • What is the rate of smoking cessation among active smokers at elevated risk of lung cancer who receive smoking cessation counseling as part of a low-dose CT screening program, compared with those who do not receive smoking cessation counseling or those who do not participate in low-dose CT screening? (aafp.org)
  • Annual screening with low-dose CT is recommended for adults 55 to 77 years of age with no symptoms of lung cancer who have smoked at least 30 pack years, and who continue to smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. (aafp.org)
  • Lung Compliance" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)
  • This has led to implementation of lung-protective ventilation strategies. (medicosecuador.com)
  • For instance, fibrosis in lungs makes the lungs stiffer, thereby, decreasing lung compliance. (biologyonline.com)
  • Santill n-Doherty P. Transplante unilateral de plum n en un caso de fibrosis pulmonar Terminal. (medigraphic.com)
  • That brings the NPR count of progressive massive fibrosis, the most serious stage of the disease known as black lung, to nearly 2,000 cases in the region, all of which were diagnosed since 2010. (npr.org)
  • Pneumonia is an excess of fluid in the lungs resulting from the inflammatory process. (ukessays.com)
  • Lung compliance can be influenced by disease states. (biologyonline.com)
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of prone position ventilation in infants who develop postoperative acute lung injury after surgery for congenital heart disease. (springer.com)
  • This study will investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of prone position ventilation techniques in children who develop postoperative acute lung injury after surgery for congenital heart disease. (springer.com)
  • Sliced sections of lungs show the damage and disease caused by excessive exposure to coal and silica dust. (npr.org)
  • NPR's ongoing investigation of the advanced stage of the fatal lung disease that afflicts coal miners has identified an additional 1,000 cases in Appalachia. (npr.org)
  • that definitively demonstrates that we are in the midst of an epidemic of black lung disease in central Appalachia," Laney said Thursday in Morgantown, W.Va., during a presentation before a National Academy of Sciences committee investigating efforts to control the coal mine dust that causes the disease. (npr.org)
  • Prone position ventilation promotes lung recruitment and improves gas exchange through its effects on pleural pressure and lung compression [ 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • Prone position ventilation can reduce the difference between the dorsal and ventral pleural pressure, thereby improving the uniformity of lung ventilation and reducing alveolar hyperinflation and alveolar collapse. (springer.com)
  • Lung inflation is accomplished by a contraction of respiratory, diaphragmatic, and external intercostal muscles, whereas deflation is passive at rest. (medscape.com)
  • Other contributory factors which are likely to lead to acute lung injury comprise pneumonia, sepsis, major trauma, and inhalation of noxious fumes. (sbwire.com)
  • Using a noninvasive passive flow volume technique to measure respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and compliance (Crs), the effects of two inhaled bronchodilators, salbutamol (beta 2-agonist) and ipratropium bromide (muscarinic blocker), were studied in 17 premature infants ranging in age from 19 to 103 days. (nih.gov)
  • Functional residual capacity (FRC) is the only static lung volume that can be measured routinely in infants. (ersjournals.com)
  • A comparison between cyclosporin A and methylprednisolone plus azathioprine on bronchial healing following canine lung autotransplantation. (medigraphic.com)
  • Despite requiring complex equipment, the plethysmographic method for measuring FRC is very simple to apply and, unlike the gas dilution techniques, enables repeat measures of lung volume to be obtained within a few minutes. (ersjournals.com)
  • Inhaling infectious organisms or agents that irritate the lungs can trigger inflammation. (ukessays.com)
  • To investigate the potential for near-ambient levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to induce functional lung damage, groups of rats were exposed to air or a simulated urban profile of NO2 (0.5 ppm, 1.5 ppm peak) for 1, 3, 13, 52, or 78 weeks. (epa.gov)
  • Researchers at Bern University hospital have released a study that shows prolonged and regular use of cannabis can severely damage a smoker's lungs. (swissinfo.ch)
  • that is, the compliance is different on inspiration and expiration for identical volume. (wikipedia.org)
  • The capability of the LUNGS to distend under pressure as measured by pulmonary volume change per unit pressure change. (uams.edu)
  • While not a complete description of the pressure-volume properties of the lung, it is nevertheless useful in practice as a measure of the comparative stiffness of the lung. (uams.edu)
  • 1) The ability of the lung s to stretch in a change in pulmonary volume relative to an applied change in pressure. (biologyonline.com)
  • Compliance is the volume change produced by a change in the distending pressure. (medscape.com)
  • This device can specify the breathing frequency (slow, medium, and fast) and the volume of the air that is pushed into the patient's lungs. (allaboutcircuits.com)
  • We studied post-mortem 9 nonsmokers' lungs and 9 smokers' lungs as well as 14 surgical smokers' lungs to examine the possible relationship of the number of alveolar attachments with airways inflammation and with lung function. (nih.gov)
  • We utilized this long-lived population to achieve localized secretion of therapeutic levels of hAAT protein in lung epithelial lining fluid. (jci.org)
  • however, intra-tidal recruitment can increase compliance , falsely suggesting improvement in baseline mechanics . (bvsalud.org)