AntibioticAntibioticsCiprofloxacinQuinolonesOfloxacinBacterial DNA gyraseIsolatesMutationsSubunitReplicationGemifloxacinGyrAPharmacokineticsInhibitSusceptibleNewer fluoroquinolonesSafety of levofloxacinConcentrations of levofloxacinAvoid fluoroquinoloneInhibitorHypersensitivityInfectionsEscherichiaSystemicSusceptibilityResistantRespiratoryAminoglycosidesPathogensGram-negativeIndicationsGeneGyrBPediatric patientsGenesDrugsTabletsInfectionTendonsPregnancy1985Discontinue
Antibiotic21
- Levofloxacin, sold under the brand name Levaquin among others, is an antibiotic medication. (wikipedia.org)
- Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class. (wikipedia.org)
- Levofloxacin is also used as antibiotic eye drops to prevent bacterial infection. (wikipedia.org)
- Usage of levofloxacin eye drops, along with an antibiotic injection of cefuroxime or penicillin during cataract surgery, has been found to lower the chance of developing endophthalmitis, compared to eye drops or injections alone. (wikipedia.org)
- Levoquin tablets 250mg contain the antibiotic levofloxacin, which is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections in various parts of the body to relieve symptoms like inflammation and pain caused by the infection. (inhousepharmacy.vu)
- Levoquin tablets 250mg contain levofloxacin, a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone class that is used to treat various infections with antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria, including Staphylococcus, Streptococcus Enterococcus, Proteus and Haemophilus. (inhousepharmacy.vu)
- Levoquin tablets 250mg contain the active ingredient levofloxacin, a synthetic broad spectrum antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone class that is used to treat a wide range of infections caused by a many susceptible bacteria in various parts of the body. (inhousepharmacy.vu)
- The purpose of the study is to discuss the correlation between the resistance rate of gram negative bacteria to fluoroquinolones (FQ) and antibiotic consumption intensity of 145 China tertiary hospitals in 2014. (biomedcentral.com)
- Then the correlation between antibiotic usage and fluoroquinolones -resistant (FQR) rate was consequently investigated. (biomedcentral.com)
- Levofloxacin may be used to treat a range of skin and soft tissue infections, including those related to the respiratory tract, when the causative organisms are susceptible to this antibiotic. (medssafety.com)
- It's important to note that the use of respiratory fluoroquinolones may vary depending on factors such as the specific bacteria causing the infection, local antibiotic resistance patterns, and the patient's individual medical history. (medssafety.com)
- Additionally, due to concerns about antibiotic resistance and potential side effects associated with fluoroquinolones, healthcare providers typically reserve them for cases where other antibiotics may be less effective or appropriate. (medssafety.com)
- 6 Fluoroquinolone, especially ciprofloxacin, was the first-line antibiotic for the treatment of shigellosis as recommended by the WHO. (researchsquare.com)
- This study's results confirmed an explosion of antibiotic resistance amongst E. coli isolates from UTI against β-lactams and fluoroquinolones. (biomedcentral.com)
- Ofloxacin is a synthetic, broad-spectrum, second-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is an analog of nalidixic acid. (toku-e.com)
- Levofloxacin is an antibiotic that has a histopathology effect on sperm cells, especially in high doses. (cyno.co.in)
- In addition, diminished expression of outer membrane proteins, mutations in topoisomerases, and up-regulation of efflux pumps also play an important part in antibiotic resistance. (microbiologyjournal.org)
- Evo 500 mg/100 ml is a synthetic, broad-spectrum, third generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. (medeasy.health)
- Gemifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic with the antimicrobial property. (illnesshacker.com)
- Gemifloxacin is a fourth generation, an oral fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the therapy of mild-to-moderate respiratory tract infections caused by susceptible organisms. (illnesshacker.com)
- Gemifloxacin is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. (illnesshacker.com)
Antibiotics15
- The most effective antibiotics for CBP are fluoroquinolones. (medscape.com)
- Fluoroquinolones (FQs) were introduced as broad-spectrum antibiotics. (biomedcentral.com)
- The response to local changes induced by fluoroquinolone antibiotics, which target DNA gyrase subunit A and/or topoisomerase IV, involves an increase in oxygen radicals which reduces cell viability, while the induction of global supercoiling changes by novobiocin (a DNA gyrase subunit B inhibitor), or by seconeolitsine (a topoisomerase I inhibitor), has revealed the existence of topological domains that specifically respond to such changes. (ucm.es)
- Respiratory fluoroquinolones are a specific class of fluoroquinolone antibiotics that are commonly used to treat respiratory tract infections. (medssafety.com)
- Fluoroquinolones are a group of synthetic antibiotics known for their broad spectrum of activity against various bacteria. (medssafety.com)
- While respiratory fluoroquinolones can be effective in treating respiratory infections, they are generally reserved for cases where other antibiotics may be less suitable due to factors such as resistance patterns or allergies. (medssafety.com)
- This study aimed to assay the prevalence of common β-lactam resistance genes including bla TEM , bla SHV , bla CTX-M and bla CMY and phenotypic resistance to commonly used β-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in UTIs. (biomedcentral.com)
- Several antibiotics are considered for treatment of cystitis and pyelonephritis, including oral β-lactams (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid or third-generation cephalosporin), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin), nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Fluoroquinolone antibiotics target bacterial DNA gyrase, an enzyme which reduces DNA strain during replication. (toku-e.com)
- Seay TM, Peretsman SJ and Dixon PS (1996) Inhibition of human transitional cell carcinoma in vitro proliferation by fluoroquinolone antibiotics. (toku-e.com)
- It is also noted in an article in Science Translational Medicine entitled "Bactericidal Antibiotics Induce Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Damage in Mammalian Cells" that fluoroquinolones, and other bactericidal antibiotics, "damage mammalian tissues by triggering mitochondrial release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (hormonesmatter.com)
- Now fluoroquinolones are broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotics and ciprofloxacin in particular is widely used. (osmosis.org)
- Safety Announcement [12-20-2018] A U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) review found that fluoroquinolone antibiotics can increase the occurrence of rare but serious events of ruptures or tears in the main artery of the body, called the aorta. (kpaddock.com)
- Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are approved to treat certain bacterial infections and have been used for more than 30 years. (kpaddock.com)
- Health care professionals should avoid prescribing fluoroquinolone antibiotics to patients who have an aortic aneurysm or are at risk for an aortic aneurysm, such as patients with peripheral atherosclerotic vascular diseases, hypertension, certain genetic conditions such as Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and elderly patients. (kpaddock.com)
Ciprofloxacin9
- One of the key reasons why ciprofloxacin is not classified as a "respiratory fluoroquinolone" and is generally not considered a first-line option for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is its limited activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae . (medssafety.com)
- Phenotypic resistance against β-lactams (ceftazidime, cefotaxime, aztreonam and ceftriaxone) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) were identified by the disc diffusion technique. (biomedcentral.com)
- Ciprofloxacin has been found to affect mammalian topoisomerase II, especially in mitochondria. (hormonesmatter.com)
- Further analysis found protein-linked double-stranded DNA breaks in the mtDNA from ciprofloxacin-treated cells, suggesting that ciprofloxacin was targeting topoisomerase II activity in the mitochondria. (hormonesmatter.com)
- Structurally, LND differs from ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and levofloxacin by having a benzoquinolizine core attached to a non-basic hydroxypiperidine side chain. (vjim.org)
- Levofloxacin (Levaquin) , Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), Moxifloxacin (Avelox), Norfloxacin (Noroxin), Ofloxacin (Floxin), Gemifloxacin (Factive) and Finafloxacin (Xtoro) should be taken off the market, and the FDA knows it! (kpaddock.com)
- In this study, we investigated the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes among 101 ciprofloxacin-resistant urinary Escherichia coli isolates and searched for mutations in the quinolone-resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of the DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV genes in PMQR-carrying isolates. (scielo.br)
- Fluoroquinolones are topoisomerase interrupters, meaning a role in the host defense against infection, as TLR2 action of ciprofloxacin results from Newman parental Ampicillin discount displayed enhanced II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase increased weight loss, mortality and bacterial burden in kidneys compared to the wild The importance recombination. (uokraskom.com)
- Although cross-resistance can occur between gemifloxacin and other fluoroquinolones, gemifloxacin may be active against some strains of S. pneumoniae resistant to ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones. (illnesshacker.com)
Quinolones9
- Mutagenesis in the alpha3alpha4 GyrA helix and in the Toprim domain of GyrB refines the contribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase to intrinsic resistance to quinolones. (omicsdi.org)
- These results suggest that DNA gyrase is an important target for quinolones in B. fragilis. (omicsdi.org)
- Yamakuchi M et al (1997) New quinolones, Ofloxacin and levofloxacin, inhibit telomerase activity in transitional cell carcinoma cell lines. (toku-e.com)
- There are plenty of processes and enzymes involved that we can target and the quinolones and fluoroquinolones inhibit an enzyme called DNA topoisomerase. (osmosis.org)
- Now, quinolones are created to target bacterial topoisomerases, but it was soon discovered that by adding a fluorine molecule to the quinolones, they become more effective. (osmosis.org)
- So these newer medications, called fluoroquinolones, replaced the older quinolones in most clinical settings. (osmosis.org)
- Quinolones, including levofloxacin, cause arthropathy and osteochondrosis in juvenile animals of several species. (drugcentral.org)
- The quinolones are also known as gyrase inhibitors and are divided into four generations in medicine. (healthandmedicineinfo.com)
- Levofloxacin and sparfloxacin are examples of third generation quinolones, also known as fluoroquinolones, but they are more effective against gram-positives organism. (hindawi.com)
Ofloxacin3
- Ofloxacin is a Cytochrome P-450 inhibitor and DNA Topoisomerase II inhibitor. (toku-e.com)
- Levofloxacin is contraindicated in the following patients: Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, ofloxacin or any excipients of this product. (infectweb.com)
- Ofloxacin belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones. (healthandmedicineinfo.com)
Bacterial DNA gyrase3
- The targets of quinolone activity are the bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication and transcription. (cdc.gov)
- It was developed by Daiichi Seiyaku to be resistant to metabolic oxidation in the liver and inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. (toku-e.com)
- Notably, the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. (illnesshacker.com)
Isolates9
- According to the results of antimicrobial susceptibilities, 76.32% (29/38) of S. dysenteriae isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolone and showed multidrug resistance. (researchsquare.com)
- All 29 fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were positive for the aac(6')-Ib-cr gene but negative for qepA , except SD001. (researchsquare.com)
- Our analysis includes the antimicrobial resistance profiles, the molecular characterization of the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones, virulence gene profiles and the molecular characterization of S. dysenteriae isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (researchsquare.com)
- The gyrA and gyrB sequence information will facilitate analysis of the mechanisms of resistance to drugs which target the gyrase and the implementation of rapid strategies for the estimation of FQ susceptibility in clinical M. tuberculosis isolates. (omicsdi.org)
- Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the DNA gyrase gyrA gene from Serratia marcescens and characterization of mutations in gyrA of quinolone-resistant clinical isolates. (omicsdi.org)
- DNA gyrase mutations are a major cause of quinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis We therefore conducted the first comprehensive study to determine the diversity of gyrase mutations in pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) (n = 71) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) (n = 30) Thai clinical tuberculosis (TB) isolates. (omicsdi.org)
- 50(1):104-12 Novel gyrase mutations in quinolone-resistant and -hypersusceptible clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: functional analysis of mutant enzymes. (mcmaster.ca)
- A total of 102 isolates had mutations in DNA gyrase subunit A ( gyrA ), while mutations in gyrB were observed in only two isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
- Fluoroquinolones (FQs) have long been used as anti-tuberculosis drugs, and their wide spread use has led to the development of resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations2
- Quinolone resistance among Enterobacteriaceae originally occurred due to chromosomal mutations in the quinolone-resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of the gyrA and gyrB genes, which encode the gyrase A and B subunits, respectively and the parC and parE genes, which encode topoisomerase IV subunits (Hernández et al. (scielo.br)
- 2012. PLoS ONE 7(6):e39754 New insights into fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: functional genetic analysis of gyrA and gyrB mutations. (mcmaster.ca)
Subunit1
- One of these hypothesis suggests the inhibition of subunit A of DNA-gyrase in presence of ATP [ 5 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Replication6
- by inhibiting the activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase, enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication. (msdmanuals.com)
- They work by inhibiting the DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV enzymes in bacteria, which are essential for DNA replication and repair. (medssafety.com)
- Because DNA gyrase is required during DNA replication, subsequent DNA synthesis and ultimately cell division is inhibited. (toku-e.com)
- Evo 500 mg/100 ml exerts antibacterial action by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase, the enzymes required for DNA replication, transcription repair and recombination. (medeasy.health)
- Gemifloxacin enters bacterial cells by diffusion through integral membrane porin pathway before targeting both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, two enzymes critical for DNA replication and repair. (illnesshacker.com)
- Gemifloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. (illnesshacker.com)
Gemifloxacin3
- Gemifloxacin acts by inhibiting DNA synthesis through the inhibition of both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for bacterial growth. (illnesshacker.com)
- Like other fluoroquinolone anti-infective agents, gemifloxacin inhibits DNA synthesis in susceptible organisms via inhibition of type II DNA topoisomerases (DNA gyrase, topoisomerase IV). (illnesshacker.com)
- However, unlike many other fluoroquinolones, gemifloxacin targets both DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV in susceptible S. pneumoniae. (illnesshacker.com)
GyrA5
- The replacement of M74 in GyrA, A83 in GyrA, and R447 in GyrB of Mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrase by their Escherichia coli homologs resulted in active enzymes as quinolone susceptible as the E. coli gyrase. (omicsdi.org)
- This demonstrates that the primary structure of gyrase determines intrinsic quinolone resistance and was supported by a three-dimensional model of N-terminal GyrA. (omicsdi.org)
- Molecular cloning of the gyrA and gyrB genes of Bacteroides fragilis encoding DNA gyrase. (omicsdi.org)
- The sequence of the DNA gyrase gyrA gene of Serratia marcescens ATCC 14756 was determined. (omicsdi.org)
- Phenotypic resistance of TB to FQ is associated with mutation in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of DNA subunits A ( gyrA ) and B ( gyrB ), which encode a type II DNA topoisomerase. (biomedcentral.com)
Pharmacokinetics2
- Pharmacokinetics following intravenous administration The pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin following single intravenous dose were investigated in pediatric patients ranging in age from six months to 16 years. (drugcentral.org)
- Levofloxacin pharmacokinetics are linear and predictable after single and multiple oral or iv. (cyno.co.in)
Inhibit2
- These drugs inhibit the DNA transcription in bacteria by inhibiting the DNA gyrase enzyme . (studyread.com)
- Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are potential drugs that inhibit DNA synthesis and are used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) and short-term anti-TB regimens. (biomedcentral.com)
Susceptible3
- levofloxacin eye drops are indicated for the topical treatment of bacterial external ocular infections in patients ≥1 year of age caused by levofloxacin susceptible microorganisms. (medico-labs.com)
- Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial indicated in adults (18 years of age and older) with infections caused by designated, susceptible bacteria and in pediatric patients where indicated (1, 12.4). (nih.gov)
- Empirical treatment for community acquired pneumonia most likely caused by organisms susceptible to levofloxacin. (infectweb.com)
Newer fluoroquinolones2
- Newer fluoroquinolones (i.e., levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, trovafloxacin, and grepafloxacin) are broad-spectrum agents with enhanced activity against many Gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. (cdc.gov)
- As a class, the newer fluoroquinolones possess many characteristics that make them useful antimicrobial agents, including a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, good oral absorption and tissue penetration, relatively long serum elimination half-lives that allow once or twice daily dosing, predictable drug-drug interactions, and a relatively low incidence of serious side effects. (cdc.gov)
Safety of levofloxacin1
- however, the safety of levofloxacin is unclear. (wikipedia.org)
Concentrations of levofloxacin3
- As yet, the plasma concentrations of levofloxacin reached after application to infected eyes are not known. (medico-labs.com)
- Since maximum plasma concentrations of levofloxacin after ocular administration are at least 1000 times lower than those reported after standard oral doses, interactions mentioned for systemic use are unlikely to be clinically relevant when using levofloxacin eye drops. (medico-labs.com)
- To analyze the role of DNA gyrase in quinolone resistance of B. fragilis, we isolated mutant strains by stepwise selection for resistance to increasing concentrations of levofloxacin. (omicsdi.org)
Avoid fluoroquinolone1
- Levofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones have also been widely used for the treatment of uncomplicated community-acquired respiratory and urinary tract infections, indications for which major medical societies generally recommend the use of older, narrower spectrum drugs to avoid fluoroquinolone resistance development. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibitor1
- Third-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: Levofloxacin-based Triple Therapy: Levofloxacin, in combination with other antimicrobial agent and proton-pump inhibitor as triple therapy, is indicated for the treatment of patients with gastric ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori infection and doudenal ulcer disease. (infectweb.com)
Hypersensitivity1
- Systemic fluoroquinolones have been associated with hypersensitivity reactions, even following a single dose. (medico-labs.com)
Infections10
- As of 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended that "serious side effects associated with fluoroquinolone antibacterial drugs generally outweigh the benefits for patients with acute sinusitis, acute bronchitis, and uncomplicated urinary tract infections who have other treatment options. (wikipedia.org)
- Levofloxacin is used for the treatment of pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and abdominal infections. (wikipedia.org)
- Respiratory fluoroquinolones are a subclass of fluoroquinolones chosen for their effectiveness in treating infections in the respiratory system. (medssafety.com)
- Respiratory fluoroquinolones are chosen for their ability to penetrate lung tissues effectively, making them suitable for treating infections in the lower respiratory tract. (medssafety.com)
- In cases of pneumonia acquired during a hospital stay or healthcare-related infections, levofloxacin may be used as part of the treatment regimen. (medssafety.com)
- Levofloxacin is used to treat chronic bronchitis, an inflammation of the bronchial tubes in the lungs often caused by bacterial infections. (medssafety.com)
- To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of levofloxacin and other antibacterial drugs, levofloxacin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by bacteria (1.15). (nih.gov)
- Cravit contains levofloxacin as an active ingredient, and is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. (infectweb.com)
- Levofloxacin is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. (cyno.co.in)
- Without treatment, some infections can spread and lead to serious health problems (see List of Currently Available FDA-Approved Systemic Fluoroquinolones). (kpaddock.com)
Escherichia1
- We demonstrated that Escherichia coli cells exposed to levofloxacin (LVFX), a fluoroquinolone (FQ), induce the syntheses of heat shock proteins and RecA. (biomedcentral.com)
Systemic2
- Tendon inflammation and rupture may occur with systemic fluoroquinolone therapy including levofloxacin, particularly in older patients and those treated concurrently with corticosteroids. (medico-labs.com)
- They can occur with fluoroquinolones for systemic use given by mouth or through an injection. (kpaddock.com)
Susceptibility1
- The fluoroquinolone susceptibility profile for each clinical isolate is determined by the number and location of mutational changes in specific enzyme target sites, porin proteins, and efflux mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
Resistant3
- The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has resulted in increased interest in the fluoroquinolones (FQs) as antituberculosis agents. (omicsdi.org)
- Levonadifloxacin (LND) is a broad-spectrum benzoquinolizine fluoroquinolone with potent activity against quinolone-resistant S. aureus and MRSA phenotypes developed by an Indian company Wockhardt. (vjim.org)
- During treatment of TB, multidrug-resistant (MDR) patients can develop resistance against fluoroquinolones. (biomedcentral.com)
Respiratory6
- As of 2007 the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) and the American Thoracic Society recommended levofloxacin and other respiratory fluoroquinolines as first line treatment for community acquired pneumonia when co-morbidities such as heart, lung, or liver disease are present or when in-patient treatment is required. (wikipedia.org)
- Why Are They Called Respiratory Fluoroquinolones? (medssafety.com)
- Home / Medication Safety / Medicines / Why Are They Called Respiratory Fluoroquinolones? (medssafety.com)
- It's important to note that fluoroquinolones, including respiratory fluoroquinolones, can have potential side effects and should be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider. (medssafety.com)
- Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions when taking any medication, including respiratory fluoroquinolones. (medssafety.com)
- Why is Cipro not a respiratory fluoroquinolone? (medssafety.com)
Aminoglycosides1
- Treatment of cellulitis caused by uncommon organisms, such as Vibrio species or gram-negative bacteria, should be individualized (eg, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones or aminoglycosides for Vibrio infection). (medscape.com)
Pathogens1
- Prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrB mutant conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones among the sequenced genomes, plasmids, and whole-genome shotgun assemblies available at NCBI or IslandViewer for 381 important pathogens (see methodological details and complete list of analyzed pathogens ). (mcmaster.ca)
Gram-negative1
- Levofloxacin preferentially targets DNA gyrase in Gram-negative bacteria and topoisomerase IV in Gram-positive bacteria. (medico-labs.com)
Indications1
- The risk-benefit assessment indicates that administration of levofloxacin to pediatric patients is appropriate [see Indications and Usage (1.8), Dosage and Administration (2.2) and Clinical Studies (14.10)].Safety and effectiveness of levofloxacin tablets in pediatric patients below the age of six months have not been established. (drugcentral.org)
Gene1
- The control of DNA-supercoiling in S. pneumoniae occurs mainly via the regulation of topoisomerase gene transcription: relaxation triggers the up-regulation of gyrase and the down-regulation of topoisomerases I and IV, while hypernegative supercoiling down-regulates the expression of topoisomerase I. Relaxation affects 13% of the genome, with the majority of the genes affected located in 15 domains. (ucm.es)
GyrB1
- Point mutation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrB resulting in fluoroquinolone resistance. (mcmaster.ca)
Pediatric patients8
- Administer Levofloxacin Tablets to pediatric patients weighing 30 kg and greater only (2.1, 2.2). (nih.gov)
- Levofloxacin Tablets cannot be administered to pediatric patients who weigh less than 30 kg because of the limitations of the available strengths. (nih.gov)
- Alternative formulations of levofloxacin may be considered for pediatric patients who weigh less than 30 kg (2.2). (nih.gov)
- Inhalational Anthrax (Post-Exposure) Levofloxacin is indicated in pediatric patients months of age and older, for inhalational anthrax (post-exposure). (drugcentral.org)
- The risk-benefit assessment indicates that administration of levofloxacin to pediatric patients is appropriate. (drugcentral.org)
- Dosage in Pediatric Patients with Inhalational Anthrax or Plague For the recommended levofloxacin tablet dosage in pediatric patients with inhalational anthrax or plague, see Dosage and Administration (2.2). (drugcentral.org)
- Alternative formulations of levofloxacin may be considered for pediatric patients who weigh less than 30 kg.Adverse ReactionsIn clinical trials, 1,534 children (6 months to 16 years of age) were treated with oral and intravenous levofloxacin. (drugcentral.org)
- Pediatric patients treated with levofloxacin had significantly higher incidence of musculoskeletal disorders when compared to the non-fluoroquinolone-treated children as illustrated in Table 7. (drugcentral.org)
Genes1
- The genes encoding the DNA gyrase A and B subunits of Bacteroides fragilis were cloned and sequenced. (omicsdi.org)
Drugs1
- Some quinolone and fluoroquinolone drugs chemical structures. (hindawi.com)
Tablets4
- This action of levofloxacin in Levoquin tablets 250mg kills the bacteria by blocking its growth and prevents spread of infection. (inhousepharmacy.vu)
- These highlights do not include all the information needed to use LEVOFLOXACIN TABLETS safely and effectively. (nih.gov)
- See full prescribing information for LEVOFLOXACIN TABLETS. (nih.gov)
- Package/Label Display Panel Levofloxacin Tablets250 mg100 Tablets. (drugcentral.org)
Infection1
- Levofloxacin is effective against bacteria commonly associated with acute bacterial sinusitis, a condition characterized by inflammation and infection of the sinuses. (medssafety.com)
Tendons2
- How do fluoroquinolones damage tendons, muscles, cartilage and nerves? (hormonesmatter.com)
- Both oral and injectable fluoroquinolones are associated with side effects affecting the tendons, muscles, joints, nerves, and the central nervous system. (cyno.co.in)
Pregnancy2
- According to the FDA approved prescribing information, levofloxacin is pregnancy category C. This designation indicates that animal reproduction studies have shown adverse effects on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but the potential benefit to the mother may in some cases outweigh the risk to the fetus. (wikipedia.org)
- levofloxacin eye drops should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus. (medico-labs.com)
19851
- Levofloxacin was patented in 1985 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. (wikipedia.org)
Discontinue1
- If an allergic reaction to levofloxacin occurs, discontinue the medication. (medico-labs.com)