• Warfarin is an anticoagulant used as a medication under several brand names including Coumadin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Overdose of the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin), or drug interactions with warfarin, can lead to toxicity. (medscape.com)
  • Brand names for warfarin are Coumadin and Jantoven. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Warfarin (Coumadin) is used to slow blood clotting. (rxlist.com)
  • Avocado has been reported to decrease the effectiveness of warfarin (Coumadin). (rxlist.com)
  • Decreasing the effectiveness of warfarin (Coumadin) might increase the risk of clotting. (rxlist.com)
  • The dose of your warfarin (Coumadin) might need to be changed. (rxlist.com)
  • Newer oral anticoagulants have a slightly lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage compared with warfarin (Coumadin), but dose adjustment is required in patients with renal disease. (aafp.org)
  • Will you be on warfarin (Coumadin) or something else? (cancer.org)
  • Warfarin (also known under the brand name Coumadin), a blood thinner that has been around for decades, can trigger a range of side effects. (drugwatch.com)
  • Patients with biological valves received anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, and patients with mechanical valves were given warfarin (Coumadin). (hcplive.com)
  • Warfarin is best suited for anticoagulation (clot formation inhibition) in areas of slowly running blood (such as in veins and the pooled blood behind artificial and natural valves), and in blood pooled in dysfunctional cardiac atria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, although warfarin is no longer used primarily as a rodenticide, several long-acting coumarin derivatives (the so-called superwarfarin anticoagulants, such as brodifacoum, diphenadione, chlorophacinone, and bromadiolone) are used for this purpose and can produce profound and prolonged anticoagulation. (medscape.com)
  • S -warfarin is 3-5 times more potent than R -enantiomer in anticoagulation effects. (hindawi.com)
  • The potency shown in clinical use boosts the studies on the mechanisms of warfarin anticoagulation. (hindawi.com)
  • The anticoagulation effects are currently believed to be due to warfarin interrupting the vitamin K cycle in liver: in coagulation cascade, activated clotting factors are indispensable for the formation of blood clot. (hindawi.com)
  • The greatest problem encountered is that no consensus exists regarding the optimal perioperative management of anticoagulation for patients who have been receiving long-term warfarin therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Some prospective studies have suggested that patients on long-term warfarin therapy who undergo minor invasive procedures and are taken off their oral anticoagulation for up to 5 days have a less than 1% risk of experiencing a thromboembolic event. (medscape.com)
  • Many drugs and foods are known to interfere with the anticoagulation effect of warfarin. (aafp.org)
  • The authors urge physicians to consider the effect of concomitant disease as well as food or drug interactions when monitoring anticoagulation with warfarin. (aafp.org)
  • Oral anticoagulation (OAC) therapy with warfarin is highly effective in reducing these complications but is unfortunately associated with an increased bleeding risk. (acc.org)
  • Excessive anticoagulation may also occur because of unintentional or intentional overdose. (medscape.com)
  • Anticoagulation with warfarin is under-prescribed in eligible patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • Because the mechanism involves enzymes such as VKORC1, patients on warfarin with polymorphisms of the enzymes may require adjustments in therapy if the genetic variant that they have is more readily inhibited by warfarin, thus requiring lower doses. (wikipedia.org)
  • The FDA has warned that the risk of myocardial infarction or stroke can occur as early as the first weeks of using a NSAID, and risk may increase with higher doses and longer duration of use. (pdr.net)
  • In some offices or clinics, pharmacists or nurses may also monitor patients' INR levels and adjust warfarin doses. (safemedicationuse.ca)
  • The combination of warfarin and cimeditine was previously thought to be incompatible, but there have been no reports of adverse reactions at low doses of cimetidine and 2mg of warfarin in more than a hundred available references in the TOXLINE database. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Other people with warfarin sensitivity do not need as much drug to prevent clots because their clot-forming process is naturally slower than average and can be stopped by low warfarin doses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is sensible to use warfarin in low doses and gradually increase once every few weeks while concomitant administration with heparin is continued. (gponline.com)
  • However, limitations arising from investigation of single doses of warfarin preclude global conclusions about the potential for more subtle interactions after chronic warfarin administration. (nih.gov)
  • Doctors prescribe warfarin to treat and prevent blood clots. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Warfarin is a commonly prescribed medicine that is used to prevent blood clots. (safemedicationuse.ca)
  • cholestatic hepatitis has been found to occur in patients taking both warfarin and ticlopidine (a drug that also helps to prevent blood clots), at the same time. (drugwatch.com)
  • Eisenhower's treatment kickstarted a transformation in medicine whereby coronary artery disease, arterial plaques, and ischemic strokes were treated and protected against by using anticoagulants such as warfarin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The availability of oral, non-vitamin K based anticoagulants that provide similar protection against thrombosis but have fewer adverse side effects and do not require regular monitoring of INR has decreased the use of warfarin, particularly in the elderly who are most prone to bleeding complications. (nih.gov)
  • Warfarin has been the most commonly used oral anticoagulants ever since its approval in 1954 [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This detrimental effect might not occur during VTE treatment using other anticoagulants, such as rivaroxaban or enoxaparin, given their different mechanisms of action within the coagulation network. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Saw palmetto may also interact with warfarin , anticoagulants, and antiplatelet drugs and result in bleeding. (merckmanuals.com)
  • People taking warfarin , other anticoagulants, or antiplatelet drugs and women taking oral birth control pills should avoid saw palmetto or talk with their doctor before taking it. (merckmanuals.com)
  • 3-5 Oral anticoagulants (OAC), which typically refers to warfarin, are effective in reducing the risk of stroke. (acc.org)
  • Finally, warfarin is very sensitive to drug-drug interactions involving its metabolism or function and great care must be given to starting or stopping concurrent medications in patients on warfarin therapy. (nih.gov)
  • There are many drugs a person should not take alongside warfarin, as unwanted and possibly hazardous interactions can occur. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This paper presents an update overview of clinical findings regarding herb-warfarin interaction, highlighting clinical outcomes, severity of documented interactions, and quality of clinical evidence. (hindawi.com)
  • A literature survey over the herb-drug interactions in clinical cases showed that warfarin accounted for 34 of the total 133 cases of interactions, making itself the most frequently involved drug in herb-drug interactions [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 1 A pharmacokinetic study found that the CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole nearly doubled THC and cannabidiol concentrations, 2 and similar interactions could occur with other CYP3A4 inhibitors, including macrolides and verapamil, augmenting the psychoactive effects of THC and dose-related adverse effects of cannabidiol (e.g., somnolence, transaminase elevation). (cmaj.ca)
  • What drug interactions occur with melatonin? (msdmanuals.com)
  • Interactions occur through a variety of mechanisms, including interference with warfarin metabolism, displacement from protein binding sites and disturbances of vitamin K absorption or metabolism. (aafp.org)
  • Certain medicines should not be used at or around the time of eating food or eating certain types of food since interactions may occur. (mayoclinic.org)
  • Using alcohol or tobacco with certain medicines may also cause interactions to occur. (mayoclinic.org)
  • What drug interactions occur with saw palmetto? (merckmanuals.com)
  • CYP2D6 polymorphisms may affect the metabolism of tramadol alone as well as form the basis for interactions (eg, warfarin). (medsafe.govt.nz)
  • CYP2C9 is the principal cytochrome P450 enzyme that modulates the anticoagulant activity of warfarin. (cms.gov)
  • Many other medications and dietary factors can interact with warfarin, either increasing or decreasing its effectiveness. (wikipedia.org)
  • The high degree of protein binding is one of several mechanisms whereby other drugs interact with warfarin. (medscape.com)
  • Four herbs were considered as highly probable to interact with warfarin (level I), three were estimated as probable (level II), and ten and twenty-one were possible (level III) and doubtful (level IV), respectively. (hindawi.com)
  • Herb-warfarin interaction has considerable clinical significance, so it is especially necessary to identify the herbs that interact with warfarin. (hindawi.com)
  • After a substantial ingestion of a long-acting anticoagulant, clinical signs of coagulopathy typically occur within 24-72 hours. (cdc.gov)
  • In summary, herb-warfarin interaction, especially the clinical effects of herbs on warfarin therapy should be further investigated through multicenter studies with larger sample sizes. (hindawi.com)
  • Use of warfarin is still limited despite the strong evidence for its clinical value. (hindawi.com)
  • The incidence of interaction between herbs and warfarin is not yet fully known, and there is no body of reliable information currently available to draw upon when assessing the scale of any possible problem or predicting clinical outcomes. (hindawi.com)
  • From results of clinical studies, genetic variation in the CYP2C9 and/or VKORC1 genes can, in concert with clinical factors, predict how each individual responds to warfarin. (cms.gov)
  • Small studies and case reports indicate that heart failure, cancer and febrile illness may alter warfarin metabolism, with potentially important clinical results. (aafp.org)
  • The adjusted net clinical benefit was calculated with the weight of 1.5 given to ICH to account for the more disastrous effects of ICH as follows: Net Benefit= (IS off warfarin - IS on warfarin) -1.5 (ICH on warfarin - ICH off warfarin). (acc.org)
  • In contrast, patients at very low risk of ischemic stroke (CHA2DS2-VASc score=0) and moderately elevated bleeding risk appeared to have net clinical harm from warfarin treatment. (acc.org)
  • In RECOVER, the primary end point occurred in 2.4% of patients treated with dabigatran and 2.1% of patients treated with warfarin. (medscape.com)
  • Major bleeding events occurred in 15 patients treated with dabigatran and 22 patients treated with warfarin, a statistically nonsignificant difference in the treatment arms. (medscape.com)
  • Finally, the outcome of patients treated with warfarin with regard to a composite end point consisting of all cause mortality, ischemic stroke, or intracranial bleed was better for patients treated with warfarin than patients who were not treated with warfarin irrespective of their bleeding and thromboembolic risk. (acc.org)
  • The INR result was too low, so the doctor told the patient to increase the daily dose of warfarin to 7 mg (one 5 mg tablet and two 1 mg tablets). (safemedicationuse.ca)
  • A daily dose of warfarin appears to improve the fluency of speech and mental aptitude of patients suffering from progressive dementia associated with the full-blown AIDS disease. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that doctors prescribe to reduce the risk of blood clots, which may cause vein blockages, heart attack, and stroke. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Two implantable devices used to occlude the appendage, the Watchman and the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug, appear to be as effective as warfarin in preventing stroke, but they are invasive. (aafp.org)
  • More recently, warfarin is used as an anti-coagulating drug in the treatment of heart disease and stroke. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Stroke - A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted by a blockage or a burst blood vessel, causing brain cells to be deprived of oxygen and nutrients. (medicalert.org)
  • Occurrence of a stroke or embolic transient ischemic attack occurring 48 hours after the surgery were the outcome measures. (hcplive.com)
  • The authors compared the risk for ischemic stroke (IS) without OAC with warfarin against the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) when treated with warfarin for all combinations of CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores as follows: Net benefit = (IS off warfarin - ICH on warfarin). (acc.org)
  • The ischemic stroke rates and composite thromboembolism rates increased with increasing CHA2DS2-VASc scores in patients treated with or without warfarin at baseline. (acc.org)
  • The net result favored warfarin treatment for all patients except for those at very low risk of ischemic stroke, identified using the CHA2DS2-VASc score (score=0). (acc.org)
  • The general mechanism of herb-warfarin interaction almost remains unknown, yet several pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors were estimated to influence the effectiveness of warfarin. (hindawi.com)
  • December 19, 2011 (San Diego, CA) - Data from the RECOVER II study confirms the safety and efficacy of dabigatran (Pradaxa, Boehringer Ingelheim) when compared with warfarin for the treatment of patients with acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) [1]. (medscape.com)
  • In RECOVER II, 1279 patients were randomized to dabigatran 150 mg twice daily and 1289 patients randomized to warfarin. (medscape.com)
  • Subgroup analyses, including in the 537 Asian patients, all showed that dabigatran was noninferior to warfarin. (medscape.com)
  • Similar to RECOVER, there were two more definite or likely acute coronary syndromes in the dabigatran-treated patients compared with those who received warfarin (five ACS events vs three ACS events, respectively). (medscape.com)
  • Warfarin is highly effective in preventing and treating deep venous thrombosis and can meliorate symptoms in patients suffering from arterial fibrillation, prosthetic heart valves, indwelling central venous catheters, and myocardial infarction [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Abnormal Bleeding: Use caution in concomitant use with NSAIDs, aspirin, warfarin or other drugs that affect coagulation ( 5.7 ). (nih.gov)
  • Stop Aspirin in Stable CAD/AF Patients on Warfarin? (medscape.com)
  • eg, warfarin ) were the key predictors of bleeding, but strikingly, the risk associated with warfarin use was statistically significant only in patients also taking aspirin. (medscape.com)
  • Indeed, the hazard ratio for the cumulative risk of bleeding was 7.30 (95% CI 3.91-13.64) among patients taking both aspirin and a VKA, but 1.69 (95% CI 0.39-7.30) among patients taking warfarin alone. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, chronic warfarin therapy has been associated with spontaneous bleeding including hepatic rupture and life-threatening intraperitoneal bleeding, even without trauma and with INR in the appropriate range. (nih.gov)
  • Warfarin therapy is associated with rare instances of idiosyncratic, clinically apparent liver injury that are usually mild and rapidly reversible on stopping. (nih.gov)
  • Liver injury due to warfarin therapy is rare, but clinically apparent acute liver injury attributable to it has been reported. (nih.gov)
  • Clinically, warfarin is administered as a racemic mixture of the S - and R -enantiomers. (hindawi.com)
  • The vast majority of warnings about warfarin (a commonly prescribed anticoagulant) generated by a bar-code medication administration system were clinically insignificant. (ahrq.gov)
  • One study revealed that the mean half-life of warfarin is significantly reduced in patients with renal dysfunction, but the few studies of the effects of renal disease show no clinically relevant change in the response to warfarin. (aafp.org)
  • Since (S)-warfarin is predominantly metabolized via CYP2C9, the results indicate that the marked suppression of CYP2C9 activity in vitro does not translate into a similar effect clinically. (nih.gov)
  • Warfarin affects the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. Warfarin is thought to interfere with clotting factor synthesis by inhibition of the C1 subunit of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1) enzyme complex, thereby reducing the regeneration of vitamin K1 epoxide. (cms.gov)
  • Pharmacogenomic testing of CYP2C9 or VKORC1 alleles to predict a patient's response to warfarin occurs ideally prior to initiation of the drug. (cms.gov)
  • Prospectively, in Medicare-aged subjects whose warfarin therapy management includes pharmacogenomic testing of CYP2C9 or VKORC1 alleles to predict warfarin response, what is the frequency and severity of the following outcomes, compared to subjects whose warfarin therapy management does not include pharmacogenomic testing? (cms.gov)
  • Certain common changes (polymorphisms) in the CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genes account for most of the variation in warfarin metabolism due to genetic factors. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Warfarin prevents (inhibits) the action of the VKORC1 enzyme and slows the activation of clotting proteins and clot formation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Individuals develop warfarin sensitivity because a lower warfarin dose is needed to inhibit the VKORC1 enzyme, as there is less functional enzyme that needs to be suppressed. (medlineplus.gov)
  • While changes in specific genes, particularly CYP2C9 and VKORC1 , affect how the body reacts to warfarin, many other factors, including sex, age, weight, diet, and other medications, also play a role in the body's interaction with this drug. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Because warfarin also reduces the activity of anticoagulant proteins C and S, a transient hypercoagulable state may occur shortly after treatment with warfarin is started. (medscape.com)
  • Headache and transient depression may occur. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The perioperative management for these patients can be one of the following: continue warfarin therapy, withhold warfarin therapy for a period of time before and after the procedure, or temporarily withhold warfarin therapy and also provide a "heparin bridge" during the perioperative period. (medscape.com)
  • The perioperative risk of bleeding when using a heparin bridge appears to be higher and the risk of thromboembolic events appears to be lower when warfarin is stopped than what is reported elsewhere in the literature. (medscape.com)
  • In patients at high risk of acute thrombosis, once the indication has been confirmed, the traditional method of initiating therapy is administration of warfarin, with or without concurrent administration of heparin. (gponline.com)
  • ed about warfarin and possible adverse that coronary embolism occurs in the We administered unfractionized reactions with other drugs and followed left coronary artery in 75% of cases and heparin and tirofiban (glycoprotein regularly. (who.int)
  • Very high international normalized ratio levels and bleeding have been reported with combined used of warfarin and marijuana. (cmaj.ca)
  • Herbal medicines and food interaction are now cited as the main cause of adverse events with warfarin. (hindawi.com)
  • Of the approximately 2 million people in the U.S. who are prescribed warfarin annually, 35,000 to 45,000 individuals go to hospital emergency rooms with warfarin-related adverse drug events. (medlineplus.gov)
  • at least 40% of costs associated with adverse drug events occurring outside hospitals can be prevented. (cdc.gov)
  • It usually occurs in mothers who are taking medications that affect vitamin K metabolism. (aap.org)
  • Many genes are involved in the metabolism of warfarin and in determining the drug's effects in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Polymorphisms in other genes, some of which have not been identified, have a smaller effect on warfarin metabolism. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Several CYP2C9 gene polymorphisms decrease the activity of the CYP2C9 enzyme and slow the body's metabolism of warfarin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Warfarin metabolism may be altered in the presence of hepatic dysfunction or advanced age but is not affected by renal impairment. (medscape.com)
  • Patients taking warfarin are required to undergo regular blood tests to monitor the drug's effectiveness. (drugwatch.com)
  • In this paper, we report a rare case of myocardial infarction, which occurred as a result of a coronary embolism in a patient with prosthetic mitral valve thrombosis. (who.int)
  • Warfarin is available as a generic medication and under many trade names. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is more likely to occur when you first start taking this medication or if you take too much warfarin. (webmd.com)
  • Read the Medication Guide provided by your pharmacist before you start taking warfarin and each time you get a refill. (webmd.com)
  • ISMP Canada has received a report of a case in which a patient found a medication error involving warfarin. (safemedicationuse.ca)
  • One of the staff confirmed that a medication error had occurred. (safemedicationuse.ca)
  • While it is unclear how many of these events are due to warfarin sensitivity, the most common sign is excessive internal bleeding, which often occurs when individuals with warfarin sensitivity are given too much of the medication. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Medication-error alerts for warfarin orders detected by a bar-code-assisted medication administration system. (ahrq.gov)
  • Prevention of clotting in arteries is usually undertaken with antiplatelet drugs, which act by a different mechanism from warfarin (which normally has no effect on platelet function). (wikipedia.org)
  • Make sure the doctor knows about any other drugs the person is taking before using warfarin, and check before taking any new drugs. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The typical case of acute liver injury arises within 3 to 8 weeks of starting warfarin, although rare instances of liver injury arising after months or years of therapy have been reported (and these long latencies are common with phenprocoumon hepatotoxicity). (nih.gov)
  • The elimination of warfarin is almost entirely by metabolic conversion to inactive metabolites by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in liver cells. (cms.gov)
  • The authors found that the effects of liver disease, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on the response to warfarin are well documented in the literature. (aafp.org)
  • A severe coagulation defect and an exaggerated response to warfarin has been documented in patients with liver failure. (aafp.org)
  • A retrospective study of predictors of major bleeding in hospitalized patients receiving warfarin revealed that bleeding episodes correlated with evidence of worsening liver function. (aafp.org)
  • The mechanism may be that thyroxine increases the affinity of warfarin for receptor sites in the liver, leading to decreased production of clotting factors. (aafp.org)
  • Concomitant use of warfarin, a highly efficacious oral anticoagulant, and herbs causes major safety concerns due to the narrow therapeutic window of warfarin. (hindawi.com)
  • Warfarin (war' far in) was discovered after identification of the hemorrhagic activity that caused toxicity and bleeding in cattle after eating spoiled, sweet clover silage. (nih.gov)
  • Monitoring of the INR is essential during warfarin therapy, because bleeding is a common side effect and can be life-threatening and fatal. (nih.gov)
  • Overdose with warfarin can result in excessive bleeding and hepatic failure. (nih.gov)
  • The amount of bleeding is smaller and occurs more slowly. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Warfarin aims to reduce the risk of blood clotting, but it can also increase the risk of bleeding. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It is essential not to take another drug or substance that increases the risk of bleeding while using warfarin. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Let any dentist, surgeon, or other doctor know about a warfarin prescription before undergoing a procedure that might involve bleeding. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Warfarin can cause very serious (possibly fatal) bleeding. (webmd.com)
  • To decrease your risk for bleeding, your doctor or other health care provider will monitor you closely and check your lab results (INR test) to make sure you are not taking too much warfarin. (webmd.com)
  • Chronic use of mefenamic acid can result in gastritis, ulceration with or without GI perforation, and/or GI bleeding, which can occur at any time, often without preceding symptoms. (pdr.net)
  • If people with warfarin sensitivity take the average dose (or more) of warfarin, they are at risk of an overdose, which can cause abnormal bleeding in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, or other tissues, and may lead to serious health problems or death. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Melatonin may increase effects of warfarin , increasing risk of bleeding. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Intracranial bleeding occurred at an annual rate of 0.6% in warfarin-treated and untreated patients alike, whereas bleeding of any type occurred at an annual rate of 2.3% (1.9% in patients on warfarin at baseline and 2.7% in patients who never used warfarin during the study period). (acc.org)
  • Furthermore, those with the highest net benefit from warfarin were patients also with the highest risk scores for both thromboembolic events, and importantly, bleeding risk. (acc.org)
  • Most patients (61.9%) continued on warfarin during the study period, 9.5% switched to a Directly Acting Oral Anticoagulant, 9.5% stopped Warfarin due to bleeding while on therapeutic INR, 14.2% switched to another provider for INR monitoring, 9.5% were lost to follow-up. (bvsalud.org)
  • Demirkan and colleagues reviewed the literature to study the effects of concurrent disease on response to warfarin. (aafp.org)
  • Warfarin is commonly called a " blood thinner ," but the more correct term is "anticoagulant. (webmd.com)
  • Warfarin has a high bioavailability and reaches maximal blood concentrations in 90 minutes. (gponline.com)
  • At higher concentrations, coughing and breathing problems occur. (cdc.gov)
  • A quantitative systems pharmacology model was developed describing the coagulation network to monitor clotting factor levels under warfarin, enoxaparin, and rivaroxaban treatment. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • Predictions of individual coagulation factor time courses under steady-state warfarin, enoxaparin, and rivaroxaban treatment reflected the suppression of protein C and protein S under warfarin compared to rivaroxaban and enoxaparin. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • The polymorphisms associated with warfarin sensitivity often differ by population and ethnic background. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Additionally, people who have more than one polymorphism in a gene or polymorphisms in multiple genes associated with warfarin sensitivity have a lower tolerance for the drug's effect or take even longer to clear the drug from their body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Warfarin is a commonly used oral anticoagulant with anti-vitamin K activity. (nih.gov)
  • Rapid loss of protein C temporarily shifts the balance in favor of clotting until sufficient time has passed for warfarin to decrease the activity of coagulant factors. (medscape.com)
  • Warfarin is used to decrease the tendency for thrombosis, or as secondary prophylaxis (prevention of further episodes) in those individuals who have already formed a blood clot (thrombus). (wikipedia.org)
  • Warfarin sensitivity is a condition in which individuals have a low tolerance for the drug warfarin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These individuals are classified as "slow metabolizers" of warfarin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Warfarin treatment can help prevent formation of future blood clots and help reduce the risk of embolism (migration of a thrombus to a spot where it blocks blood supply to a vital organ). (wikipedia.org)
  • Warfarin is the anticoagulant of choice for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment, although its suppression of the endogenous clot-dissolution complex APC:PS may ultimately lead to longer time-to-clot dissolution profiles, resulting in increased risk of re-thrombosis. (ebi.ac.uk)
  • In these high-risk groups, warfarin treatment was associated with up to 12 fewer events per 100 years at risk than if warfarin was not given. (acc.org)
  • intervals between tests can be lengthened if the patient manages stable therapeutic INR levels on an unchanged warfarin dose. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other disease states may also influence coagulation control during warfarin therapy, but more research is needed. (aafp.org)
  • 1 A case reporting a threefold increase in tacrolimus levels following the addition of cannabidiol shows that CYP3A4/5 inhibition can also occur. (cmaj.ca)
  • Warfarin possesses four essential properties for fighting HIV: inhibition of serine protease, aspartyl protease, reverse transcriptase and integrase, all of which are central to the virus's ability to replicate. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Dosing of warfarin is complicated because it is known to interact with many commonly used medications and certain foods. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many other pharmacogenomic tests that are subjects of active research and debate-such as pharmacogenomic testing to guide warfarin dosing -have the potential for public health impact. (cdc.gov)
  • Although such pharmacogenomic testing would be used to attempt to better approximate the best starting dose of warfarin, it would not eliminate the need for periodic PT/INR testing, a standard diagnostic test for coagulation activity and for assessing how a patient is reacting to a warfarin dose. (cms.gov)
  • In 1955, warfarin's reputation as a safe and acceptable treatment was bolstered when President Dwight D. Eisenhower was treated with warfarin following a massive and highly publicized heart attack. (wikipedia.org)
  • Seizures often occur at the time the hematoma forms, or up to months or years after treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some foods can affect how warfarin works in your body and may affect your treatment and dose. (webmd.com)
  • Warfarin is of further value in the treatment of cognitive functions in HIV/AIDS patients. (i-sis.org.uk)
  • Warfarin sensitivity does not appear to cause any health problems other than those associated with warfarin drug treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If such symptoms occur, discontinue escitalopram and initiate supportive treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Subjects received an oral dose of warfarin prior to administration of modafinil (200 mg for 7 days, followed by 400 mg for 21 days) or placebo and they received another after 4 weeks of treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Treatment with modafinil did not significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of (S)- or (R)-warfarin relative to placebo. (nih.gov)