• The purpose of this study was to develop a robust, standardized method for comparative expression profiling and molecular characterization of Leishmania donovani clinical isolates. (cambridge.org)
  • The Old World species include Leishmania major , L. tropica , L. donovani , and others. (medicinenet.com)
  • The in vivo oral efficacy of amlodipine and lacidipine has been shown in the treatment of Leishmania (L.) donovani infected mice [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Differences in the apparent K(m) values for the donor and acceptor substrates were found using L. major, L. mexicana, and L. donovani promastigote membranes, but total activity correlated with the number of lipophosphoglycan repeats. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Heterologous immunization with defined RNA and subunit vaccines enhances T cell responses that protect against Leishmania donovani. (ac.ir)
  • Cryptolepine-induced cell death of Leishmania donovani promastigotes is augmented by inhibition of autophagy. (ac.ir)
  • Neutrophil elastase promotes Leishmania donovani infection via interferon-ß. (bvsalud.org)
  • Gupta AK, Ghosh K, Palit S, Barua J, Das PK, Ukil A. Leishmania donovani inhibits inflammasome-dependent macrophage activation by exploiting the negative regulatory proteins A20 and UCP2. (revistabiomedica.mx)
  • In addition,psilostachyin C inhibited the growth of Leishmania mexicana and Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes (IC50 = 1.2g/mL and 1.5g/mL, respectively). (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Interactions between malaria (Plasmodium yoelii) and leishmaniasis (Leishmania mexicana amazonensis), with a note on the blood-feeding behavior of Lutzomyia longipalpis. (umass.edu)
  • Coleman, Russell Edward, "Interactions between malaria (Plasmodium yoelii) and leishmaniasis (Leishmania mexicana amazonensis), with a note on the blood-feeding behavior of Lutzomyia longipalpis. (umass.edu)
  • No continente americano é causada pelo complexo Leishmania (Leishmania mexicana, L. pifanoi, L. amazonensis), transmitida no Brasil pelo Lutzomyia flaviscutellata. (fiocruz.br)
  • In our continent it is caused by the Leishmania complex (Leishmania mexicana, L. pifanoi, L. amazonensis) transmitted in Brazil by the bite of Lutzomyia flaviscutellata sandflies. (fiocruz.br)
  • The New World species include L. mexicana, L. venezuelensis, and L. amazonensis found in Central and South America, which are associated with cutaneous or visceral disease plus mucosal leishmaniasis. (osmosis.org)
  • For the promastigote stage of L. mexicana amazonensis, both isomers inhibited parasite growth. (researchwithrutgers.com)
  • For the amastigote stage of L. mexicana amazonensis and L. major, within murine J774 macrophage line as host cells in vitro, tubulozole-T reduced the infective index. (researchwithrutgers.com)
  • Toll-Like Receptor 3 (TLR3) Is Engaged in the Intracellular Survival of the Protozoan Parasite Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis . (bvsalud.org)
  • Leishmania mexicana belongs to the Leishmania genus and is the causal agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mexico and central America. (wikipedia.org)
  • Leishmania mexicana is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes the cutaneous form of leishmaniasis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Treatment of Leishmaniasis caused by L. mexicana consists on pentavalent antimonials as Pentostam or Glucantime injected direct into the ulcer or Intramuscular. (wikipedia.org)
  • Arginase from parasitic protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania is a potential drug target for the treatment of leishmaniasis because this binuclear manganese metalloenzyme catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of polyamines that enable cell growth and survival. (rcsb.org)
  • Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by an intracellular protozoan parasite (genus Leishmania ) transmitted by the bite of a female phlebotomine sandfly. (medscape.com)
  • Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by an obligate intracellular protozoa of genus Leishmania and is transmitted by the bite of a female phlebotomine sand fly ( Figure 1 ). (intechopen.com)
  • Leishmaniasis is a neglected infectious disease caused by several different species of protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania . (hindawi.com)
  • ABSTRACT In order to define the protein expressional changes related to the process of meglumine antimoniate resistance in anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), we performed a comparative proteomics analysis on sensitive and resistant strains of Leishmania tropica isolated from Iranian CL patients. (who.int)
  • Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoan Leishmania parasites that are transmitted through female sandfly bites. (ac.ir)
  • Leishmania is a protozoan that causes a disease called leishmaniasis. (osmosis.org)
  • En la leishmaniasis, el parásito Leishmania interrumpe diversas vías de señalización para manipular la respuesta inmune del hospedero con la finalidad de evitar ser eliminado y poder establecer una infección. (revistabiomedica.mx)
  • También se examina tanto el papel de la IL-1β y los polimorfismos del gen de IL-1β en la leishmaniasis como la manera en que algunos fármacos antileishmanicidas modulan el inflamasoma. (revistabiomedica.mx)
  • Leishmania RNA virus exacerbates Leishmaniasis by subverting innate immunity via TLR3-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. (revistabiomedica.mx)
  • Sanchez-Tejeda G, Rodríguez N, Parra C, Hernandez-Montes O, Barker DC, Monroy-Ostria A. Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by members of Leishmania braziliensis complex in Nayarit, state of Mexico. (revistabiomedica.mx)
  • Wilkins-Rodríguez AA, Pérez-Torres A, Escalona-Montaño AR, Gutiérrez-Kobeh L. Differential Regulation of l-Arginine Metabolism through Arginase 1 during Infection with Leishmania mexicana Isolates Obtained from Patients with Localized and Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. (revistabiomedica.mx)
  • Aislamiento y parcial purificación de antígenos de membrana de Leishmania mexicana mexicana : nr, uso potencial en el serodiagnóstico diferencial de leishmaniasis / Luis Absalon Guevara Sarmiento. (who.int)
  • Leishmaniasis is caused by a tiny parasite called leishmania protozoa. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Leishmania species: visceral (kala-azar), cutaneous, and mucosal leishmaniasis. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Leishmaniasis is caused by species of Leishmania . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis is with liposomal amphotericin B or miltefosine , depending on the infecting Leishmania species and the geographic area of acquisition. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mucosal leishmaniasis (espundia) is caused mainly by L. braziliensis but occasionally by other Leishmania species. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We also report biological studies in which we demonstrate that localization of LmARG to the glycosome, a unique subcellular organelle peculiar to Leishmania and related parasites, is essential for robust pathogenesis. (rcsb.org)
  • Here, we describe methods for studying flagellar ultrastructure and biogenesis in two unicellular parasites-Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania mexicana. (ox.ac.uk)
  • I returned to the field of parasitology in 2000 to join the research group of Debbie Smith at Imperial College London and from 2004 at the University of York, studying the cell biology of the protozoan parasites Leishmania major and Trypanosoma brucei . (keele.ac.uk)
  • Melby says the Leishmania parasites were tracked to a nest of rats living on the man's ranch. (kcbx.org)
  • Advances in understanding underlying immune mechanisms are feasibale using a variety of candidate antigens, including attenuated live parasites, crude antigens, pure or recombinant Leishmania proteins, Leishmania genes encoding protective proteins, as well as immune system activators from the saliva of parasite vectors. (ac.ir)
  • Fong, D 1993, ' Effect of the anti-microtubule compound tubulozole on Leishmania protozoan parasites in vitro ', FEMS Microbiology Letters , vol. 107, no. 1, pp. 95-99. (researchwithrutgers.com)
  • The infection with L. mexicana occurs when an individual is bitten by an infected sandfly that injects infective promastigotes, which are carried in the salivary glands and expulsed by the proboscis, directly to the skin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prevention of L. mexicana infection is principally avoiding the bite of the infected sandfly. (wikipedia.org)
  • These data show that GPI-anchored proteins of L. mexicana are not essential for growth of promastigotes, invasion of macrophages by promastigotes, or infection of mice. (gla.ac.uk)
  • This crucial life-cycle development stage of Leishmania within the macrophage revealed infection response associated genes, linked with parasite removal strategies. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Infection of THP-1 (human monocyte/macrophage) cells with Coxiella and Leishmania elicited disparate host responses. (pdx.edu)
  • At 5 days post-infection, when compared to uninfected cells, 1057 genes were differentially expressed (746 genes up-regulated and 311 genes downregulated) in C. burnetii infected cells, whereas 698 genes (534 genes up-regulated and 164 genes down-regulated) were differentially expressed in L. mexicana infected cells. (pdx.edu)
  • People with HIV are especially prone to Leishmania as an opportunistic infection, and co-infection worsens and accelerates the progression of HIV. (medicinenet.com)
  • 3. Mohebali M, Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Akhavan AA, Hajjaran H, Abaei MR. Characterization of Leishmania infection in rodents from endemic areas of the islamic republic of Iran. (ac.ir)
  • Human infection is caused by 20 Leishmania species that are morphologically indistinguishable but can be differentiated by laboratory analysis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The life cycle of this and other Leishmania species begin when an infected Phlebotomine bites and injects promastigotes in the skin of the mammal host. (wikipedia.org)
  • To investigate these changes, we employed scRNA-seq over five time-points as Leishmania mexicana (L. mexicana) differentiated from promastigotes to axenicamastigotes in vitro. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Further comparisons showed that lesion-derived L. mexicana amastigotes, that do not express lipophosphoglycan, lack eMPT(LPG) and that nondividing L. major metacyclic promastigotes contain 5-fold less eMPT(LPG) activity than dividing procyclic promastigotes. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • Leishmania promastigotes are transmitted by sand flies ( Phlebotomus , Lutzomyia ) to vertebrate hosts. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Trypanosomatid parasitic protozoa such as Leishmania and Trypanosoma brucei make extensive use of this method of protein surface attachment. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Indomethacin is common to the trypanosomatid family treatment slows disease progression and of protozoa, which includes Leishmania enhances a type 1 helper (Th1) cell response and Trypanosoma spp. (who.int)
  • The CDC's recent study indicates that a specific type of parasite called Leishmania mexicana is becoming endemic in the United States. (celebritybeautybuzz.com)
  • Longitudinal section through a Leishmania promastigote cell. (ucsd.edu)
  • Leishmania mexicana promastigote forms (WHO strain MNYC/BZ/62/M379) were grown in M199 culture medium. (ucsd.edu)
  • Leishmania spreads to people through the bite of over 30 Phlebotomus genus of sand flies. (medicinenet.com)
  • Scanning and three-dimensional electron microscopy methods for the study of Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania mexicana flagella. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Based on previous reports about the antileishmanial activity of dihydropyridine-CCBs, this work aimed to investigate whether the in vitro anti- Leishmania infantum and anti- Trypanosoma cruzi activities of this therapeutic class would be shared by other non-dihydropyridine-CCBs. (hindawi.com)
  • Additionally, the in vitro antiparasitic activity of eight clinically used dihydropyridines (azelnidipine, amlodipine, cilnidipine, lercanidipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, and nitrendipine) was demonstrated against a panel of Leishmania species and Trypanosoma cruzi [ 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Due to the side effects of anti-Leishmania drugs and the emergence of drug-resistant isolates, there is currently no encouraging prospect of introducing an effective therapy for the disease. (ac.ir)
  • Two primer pairs TC22 and TC4 were synthesized and applied to other Paraguayan T. cruzi isolates and two Leishmania mexicana amazoniensis str. (bvsalud.org)
  • RÉSUMÉ Afin de déterminer les modifications de l'expression des protéines liées au processus de résistance à l'antimoniate de méglumine dans la leishmaniose cutanée anthroponotique, nous avons réalisé une analyse protéomique comparative de souches sensibles et de souches résistantes de Leishmania tropica isolées à partir d'échantillons prélevés chez des patients iraniens atteints de la maladie. (who.int)
  • So that this transitional gene progression may be explored in broader contexts, scRNA-seq of L. mexicana-infected human macrophages was undertaken. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The role of Bax in the apoptosis of Leishmania-infected macrophages. (ac.ir)
  • Macrophages derived from the bone marrow of a C57/BL6 mouse were co-incubated in vitro with Leishmania mexicana (WHO strain MNYC/BZ/62/M379) st. (ucsd.edu)
  • There are no blood stages in the life cycle of L. mexicana (unlike Malaria and Trypanosomiasis). (wikipedia.org)
  • For this, the in vitro activity of four non-dihydropyridine agents (amrinone, fendiline, mibefradil, and lidoflazine) was tested against different Leishmania species and their cytotoxicity to mammalian cells was evaluated. (hindawi.com)
  • The high resolution X-ray crystal structures of the unliganded form of Leishmania mexicana arginase (LmARG) and four inhibitor complexes are now reported. (rcsb.org)
  • Once thought to be a danger largely reserved for travelers, a flesh-eating parasite known as Leishmania Mexicana is now likely spreading locally through some sand flies native to the southern U.S., a new Centers for Disease Control and Prevention analysis has concluded. (epibiodev.blog)
  • Leishmania mexicana is believed to be spreading through sand flies in the southern US, particularly Texas, according to an analysis from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (newser.com)
  • Sequence comparison of L. mexicana, yeast and human GPI8 proteins identified two potential active site cysteine residues. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Background: Cysteine protease B is considered crucial for the survival and infectivity of the Leishmania in its human host. (unifesp.br)
  • Here, we have investigated the influence of heparin upon Leishmania mexicana cysteine protease rCPB2.8 activity.Methodology/Principal Findings: the data analysis revealed that the presence of heparin affects all steps of the enzyme reaction: (i) it decreases 3.5-fold the k(1) and 4.0-fold the k(-1), (ii) it affects the acyl-enzyme accumulation with pronounced decrease in k(2) (2.7-fold), and also decrease in k(3) (3.5-fold). (unifesp.br)
  • Transgenic, fluorescent Leishmania mexicana allow direct analysis of the Proteome of intracellular amastigotes. (mpg.de)
  • Investigating the functions of the BBSome protein complex in Leishmania mexicana using molecular, cellular and proteomic techniques. (keele.ac.uk)
  • Organización molecular del complejo II y su rol en la anaerobiosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • 11. Tripathi P, Singh V, Naik S. Immune response to leishmania: paradox rather than paradigm. (ac.ir)
  • As Coxiella and Leishmania are highly divergent organisms that cause different diseases, we reasoned that their respective infections would likely elicit distinct host responses despite producing phenotypically similar parasite-containing vacuoles. (pdx.edu)
  • Additionally, we detected 257 micro RNAs (miRNAs) that were expressed in THP-1 cells, and identified miRNAs that were specifically expressed during Coxiella or Leishmania infections. (pdx.edu)
  • Collectively, this study identified host mRNAs and miRNAs that were influenced by Coxiella and/or Leishmania infections, and our data indicate that although their PVs are morphologically similar, Coxiella and Leishmania have evolved different strategies that perturb distinct host processes to create and thrive within their respective intracellular niches. (pdx.edu)
  • Leishmania mexicana can induce the cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous clinical manifestations in humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • Coxiella burnetii and Leishmania Mexicana Residing Within Similar Para" by Jess A. Millar, Raquel Valdés et al. (pdx.edu)
  • Leishmania express lipophosphoglycans and proteophosphoglycans that contain Galbeta1-4Manalpha1-P phosphosaccharide repeat structures assembled by the sequential addition of Manalpha1-P and betaGal. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • The taxonomy of Leishmania organisms is complex, and no single categorization is generally accepted. (medscape.com)
  • Crystal structure of glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenasefrom Leishmania mexicana: implications for structure-based drug design anda new position for the inorganic phosphate binding site. (embl.de)
  • The structure of glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) from the trypanosomatid parasite Leishmania mexicana has beendetermined by X-ray crystallography. (embl.de)
  • The structure of L. mexicana GAPDH is very similar tothat of glycosomal GAPDH from the related trypanosomatid Trypanosomabrucei. (embl.de)
  • Classic Leishmania major lesion from a case in Iraq shows a volcanic appearance with rolled edges. (medscape.com)
  • In contrast, substitution of the penultimate phosphosaccharide repeat does not abrogate transfer but is slightly stimulatory in L. mexicana and inhibitory in L. major. (lancs.ac.uk)
  • note = "Funding Information: We thank Dr. Max Grogl for the gift of Leishmania major, Drs. Marion Man-Ying Chan and Robert Herman for helpful comments, Ms. Chiann-Chyi Chen for technical assistance, and Mrs. Lynn Weingart for manuscript preparation. (researchwithrutgers.com)
  • Nitric oxide controls proliferation of Leishmania major by inhibiting the recruitment of permissive host cells. (pasteur.fr)
  • Intracellular pathogens such as Leishmania major can hijack these cells as a niche for replication. (pasteur.fr)
  • increased resistance in BALB/c mice with established Leishmania major in- 5. (who.int)
  • These antibodies detected recombinant protein but failed to detect protein in L. mexicana cell lysates. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Antibodies raised against a peptide of GPI8 also recognised recombinant GPI8, but not GPI8 in L. mexicana lysates. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Leishmania mexicana , a eukaryote, has also independently evolved to live in a morphologically similar PV. (pdx.edu)
  • type in susceptible BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania mexicana. (who.int)
  • Alternatives include amphotericin B deoxycholate and pentavalent antimony compounds ( sodium stibogluconate or meglumine antimoniate) if disease was acquired in areas where Leishmania species are likely to be susceptible. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Se ha descrito en muchos reportes que diferentes especies de Leishmania regulan dichas vías de señalización de manera diferencial. (revistabiomedica.mx)
  • MRC New Investigator Research grant (PI), BBSome trafficking: investigating a novel pathway associated with virulence in Leishmania . (keele.ac.uk)
  • To examine the timing and the patterns of gene expression over the life and cell cycle, pseudotime analysis was used for the first time in Leishmania, so that we may further explain the order of these transitional events and any potential stage specific patterns in gene expression, providing an unprecedented understanding of the life cycle transitions. (gla.ac.uk)
  • This project aimed to provide an example of investigating fundamental Leishmania biology by applying scRNA-seq for the study of life and cell cycle transitions, with the application of pseudotime analysis for the first time. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The work described in this thesis focussed on the cloning of the GPI8 gene from Leishmania mexicana and its characterisation. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Targeted gene replacement of the single copy L. mexicana GPI8 produced GPI8 null mutants. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Gene expression profiling of Leishmania (Leishmania). (cambridge.org)
  • A significant structural difference between L. mexicana GAPDH andmost previously determined GAPDH structures occurs in a loop regionlocated at the active site. (embl.de)