Laser optics microscopy confocal. Medical search. Frequent questions

The versatile ZEISS Smartproof 5 widefield confocal microscope is your integrated system for surface analysis: fast, precise and repeatable. (zeiss.com)
Benefit from a fully integrated system: optics, electronics and camera are all enclosed in the microscope. (zeiss.com)
In the traditional fluorescence microscope configuration, including many confocal systems, spectral filtering of both excitation and emission light is accomplished utilizing thin-film interference filters. (olympusconfocal.com)
Fitted with a back-illuminated scientific CMOS camera provided by Photometrics, the Re-scan Confocal Microscope (RCM) improves resolution with an optical "trick", by first scanning the microscope image and then re-scanning it onto the camera chip using a pair of mirrors. (optics.org)
The RCM technique is based around a box containing pre-aligned optics that Photometrics says can be connected to any microscope, to convert it from a confocal system to one capable of imaging beyond Abbe's classical diffraction limit. (optics.org)
In a blog post last month, Confocal.nl claimed that the RCM represented the "first commercial-optics-only super-resolution confocal microscope" on the market. (optics.org)
RCM is a standard confocal microscope extended with a detection unit, where a pair of scanning mirrors project the emission light directly onto a camera in a scanning manner," wrote co-founder Manders. (optics.org)
The 2fFCS set-up is based on a specificly modified MicroTime 200 confocal microscope. (picoquant.com)
Carl Zeiss - The LSM 510 laser scanning confocal microscope offered by Zeiss can collect data in up to four channels simultaneously utilizing a quad-photomultiplier 12-bit A/D detection system. (fsu.edu)
Illumina: Confocal Microscopy - Molecular Dynamics, a subsidiary of GE Healthcare (formerly Amersham Bioscience), is a manufacturer of confocal microscope systems, image analysis software, volume rendering and three-dimensional modeling tools. (fsu.edu)
Nikon Confocal Microscopy - Nikon's PCM 2000 biosciences confocal microscope employs twin photomultiplier tubes with options for single or triple configurations. (fsu.edu)
Olympus America - The Olympus FluoView is a point-scanning, point-detection, confocal laser scanning microscope for biology research applications. (fsu.edu)
Optiscan - The Optiscan Personal Confocal microscope offers a twin detection system utilizing both argon-ion and krypton-argon lasers for simultaneous fluorescence imaging. (fsu.edu)
The microscope is controlled by the Optiscan Confocal Control software and images can be analyzed with Optiscan Analyze, a Windows-based program. (fsu.edu)
Microscopy in which the samples are first stained immunocytochemically and then examined using an electron microscope. (genomicglossaries.com)
The confocal Raman instrument used in this experiment is based on an inverted optical microscope equipped with an x,y-scan stage. (rhk-tech.com)
Fluorescence confocal laser scanning endomicroscopy is a novel tool combining confocal microscopy and endoscopy for in-vivo subcellular structure imaging with comparable resolution as the traditional microscope. (jpier.org)
The Raman microscope is a laser-based microscopic device used to perform Raman spectroscopy. (helmholtz-imaging.de)
In addition to serving as a standalone confocal or super-resolution microscope, the Nikon N-SIM/N-STORM/A1 system also allows researchers to perform correlative confocal-super-resolution imaging. (edu.hk)
Even though resolution is somewhat enhanced with confocal microscopy over conventional widefield techniques, it is still considerably less than that of the transmission electron microscope. (olympusconfocal.com)
When imaged with a laser scanning confocal microscope (Figure 1(d)), the medulla thick section reveals a significant degree of structural detail. (olympusconfocal.com)
Following Minsky's work, M. David Egger and Mojmir Petran fabricated a multiple-beam confocal microscope in the late 1960s that utilized a spinning (Nipkow) disk for examining unstained brain sections and ganglion cells. (olympusconfocal.com)
Continuing in this arena, Egger went on to develop the first mechanically scanned confocal laser microscope, and published the first recognizable images of cells in 1973. (olympusconfocal.com)
Fortuitously, shortly after Minsky's patent had expired, practical laser scanning confocal microscope designs were translated into working instruments by several investigators. (olympusconfocal.com)
Dutch physicist G. Fred Brakenhoff developed a scanning confocal microscope in 1979, while almost simultaneously, Colin Sheppard contributed to the technique with a theory of image formation. (olympusconfocal.com)

Also presented in a nicely-executed format is information about video-enhanced light microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and digital imaging. (fsu.edu)
In high-resolution electron microscopy one can begin to do `` crystallography without crystals'', averaging thousands of images of single molecules or other assemblies to reveal near atomic level structure. (genomicglossaries.com)
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign Molecular Biomedicine in the Era of Teraflop Computing - DDDAS.org Narrower term: transmission electron microscopy (TEM). (genomicglossaries.com)
The pH, particle characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and weight% of solid particles in the toothpaste were assessed. (bvsalud.org)
To this aim, we use STED microscopy, phase holography microscopy, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy techniques to investigate the phenotype of a variety of cells cultured on nanowires and nanotubes. (lu.se)

Multiphoton confocal microscopy uses a focused beam of photons to provide high-resolution images of tissue in vivo at depths up to 600 μm. (warf.org)
MaiTai laser can also be run as a two photon laser for multiphoton scanning. (ucla.edu)

These fiber-pigtailed lasers are used in confocal microscopy, DNA sequencing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic instruments, flow cytometry, medical imaging, and instrumentation applications. (edmundoptics.com)

While the confocal setup does not deliver the kind of state-of-the-art resolving power of more advanced approaches like stimulated emission depletion (STED) fluorescence microscopy and related techniques, it is said to deliver axial resolutions as low as 170 nm. (optics.org)
A technique developed at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ( KIT ) promises to improve the quality of images delivered by stimulated emission depletion (STED) fluorescence microscopy, one of the family of super-resolution microscopy techniques . (optics.org)
Set up for stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy for fluorescence scanning imaging below the diffraction limit of light resolution in two different color channels. (ucla.edu)
stimulated emission depletion (STED) beam at 750 nm, generated by attenuating a pulsed infrared beam from a MaiTai laser through a 100 meter fiber optic. (ucla.edu)

Conventional STED involves the use of two laser pulses - one to excite fluorescence, followed by a synchronized second pulse to selectively quench emission in areas away from a central undepleted confocal region. (optics.org)
The new method from KIT adds a third pulse to the STED scheme - a further depletion pulse which intentionally quenches the confocal region of interest, to leave only an intrinsic background. (optics.org)
A key advantage is that we can move the STED laser wavelength closer to the excitation peak, so the STED power can be lowered to reduce photobleaching, while the stronger background signal is removed. (optics.org)
In order to deepen our understanding of the interactions between the cell membrane and nanostructures, we perform STED microscopy live imaging of the membrane of cells cultured on nanostructures. (lu.se)

Participants underwent imaging with confocal scanning laser tomography for measurement of DM rim area (DM-RA) and with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) for quantification of a BMO-based neuroretinal rim parameter, minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), and RNFL thickness. (nih.gov)
Heidelberg Engineering's growing product portfolio combines these core technologies: confocal microscopy, scanning lasers and optics, optical coherence tomography (OCT), real-time image processing and analytics, multimodal image management solutions (PACS), electronic medical records (EMR) and large-scale data analysis. (heidelbergengineering.com)

The term MOLE (molecular optics laser examiner) is used to refer to the Raman-based microprobe. (helmholtz-imaging.de)

Super-resolution microscopy overcomes this diffraction limit and allows scientists to observe and study subcellular or even molecular processes in greater detail. (edu.hk)
This is particularly useful when one needs to perform multi-colour imaging, and when not all fluorescent labels are compatible with super-resolution microscopy. (edu.hk)

An acousto-optic crystal is defined as having optical properties that are altered in the presence of an acoustic wave. (olympusconfocal.com)
STY-AOTF-PRO is the latest plug and play wavelength selection module based on the Acousto-Optic Crystal. (sintec.sg)

The widefield confocal technology of Smartproof 5 offers greater throughput compared to classical point scanning confocal microscopes. (zeiss.com)
This is achieved by the correlated aperture spinning disc technology integrated in the Smartproof 5 detector module, while maintaining the typical benefits of confocal microscopes for surface characterization. (zeiss.com)
The microscopes employ krypton-argon, argon, and helium-neon lasers and a Windows-based host computer running the NT operating system. (fsu.edu)
The Zeiss confocal website offers technical and application information, as well as a gallery of digital images acquired with these microscopes. (fsu.edu)
Leica Microsystems Confocal Microscopy - Leica's confocal microscopy website provides introductory material about confocal microscopy, tutorials and manuals about Leica microscopes, FAQ's, application notes, a publications listing, and an image gallery. (fsu.edu)
The microscopes utilize up to three lasers, including air-cooled argon and 543 or 635 nanometer helium-neon. (fsu.edu)

Described as a cost-effective solution for researchers wanting to get beyond the diffraction limit without blowing their laboratory budgets, the RCM requires a lower laser power compared to conventional confocal microscopy, making it better suited to imaging live cells. (optics.org)
We demonstrate the modalities of bright- and dark-field imaging and scanning fluorescence microscopy at acquisition rates that allow observation of dynamic processes such as Brownian motion of mesoscopic particles. (nature.com)
Andor - Andor Technology offers a range of confocal and live cell imaging systems through their Microscopy Systems Division. (fsu.edu)
In addition to product information, the Andor site includes in its library a section on confocal imaging that provides an excellent concise introduction to basic confocal concepts and equipment. (fsu.edu)
Confocal Imaging - Developed by the Laboratory for Optical and Computational Instrumentation at the University of Wisconsin, this website provides an introduction to confocal imaging and a variety of related topics. (fsu.edu)
From Bones to Atoms: Imaging Nature Across Dimensions - Written by scientists from the M.E. M ller Institute for Microscopy at the University of Basel (Switzerland), this website offers introductory information about optical sectioning using confocal microscopy techniques. (fsu.edu)
Imaging silicon atoms with terahertz-driven scanning tunnelling microscopy (TD-STM). (rhk-tech.com)
It is an imaging technique similar to fluorescence microscopy which is able to detect absorbing nanoparticles (NPs) of sizes down to 1nm and even single absorbing molecules. (jimdofree.com)
With its multi-laser scanning, multi-channel detection, flexible probing, and in-vivo imaging abilities it will become a powerful tool in bio-chemical research and diagnostics, such as the investigation of the transport mechanism of nano-drugs in small animals. (jpier.org)
Yonghong Shao, "Multi-Laser Scanning Confocal Fluorescent Endoscopy Scheme for Subcellular Imaging (Invited)," Progress In Electromagnetics Research , Vol. 169, 17-23, 2020. (jpier.org)
Fluorescence imaging is often used in a light microscopy setting and revolved around the use of either autofluorescent properties of the sample or fluorescent marker molecules. (helmholtz-imaging.de)
To determine which cells are expressing specific cellular markers and how these cells are organized relative to each other requires volumetric imaging of the pre-implantation embryos by confocal microscopy. (zeiss.com)
There has been a tremendous explosion in the popularity of confocal microscopy in recent years, due in part to the relative ease with which extremely high-quality images can be obtained from specimens prepared for conventional fluorescence microscopy, and the growing number of applications in cell biology that rely on imaging both fixed and living cells and tissues. (olympusconfocal.com)
Likewise, widefield fluorescence imaging of whole rabbit muscle fibers stained with fluorescein produce blurred images (Figure 1(b)) lacking in detail, while the same specimen field (Figure 1(e)) reveals a highly striated topography in confocal microscopy. (olympusconfocal.com)
Tony Wilson, Brad Amos, and John White nurtured the concept and later (during the late 1980s) demonstrated the utility of confocal imaging in the examination of fluorescent biological specimens. (olympusconfocal.com)

Before the objective the laser beam passes through a Nomarski prism. (picoquant.com)
The two major concerns in safe laser operation are exposure to the beam and the electrical hazards associated with high voltages within the laser and its power supply. (microscopyu.com)
While there are no known cases of a laser beam contributing to a person's death, there have been several instances of deaths attributable to contact with high voltage laser-related components. (microscopyu.com)
Beams of sufficiently high power can burn the skin, or in some cases create a hazard by burning or damaging other materials, but the primary concern with regard to the laser beam is potential damage to the eyes, which are the part of the body most sensitive to light. (microscopyu.com)
Potential hazards to the eye depend on laser light wavelength, beam intensity, distance from the laser, and power of the laser (both average power over long intervals and peak power produced in a pulse). (microscopyu.com)
In practice, lasers operated in pulsed mode are generally of higher power, and a single microsecond-pulse of sufficient power can cause permanent damage if it enters the eye, whereas a lower-power continuous beam may only present a hazard with long-term exposure. (microscopyu.com)
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) is brought about using devices that transform light of varying frequencies into a single intense, nearly nondivergent beam of monochromatic radiation. (genomicglossaries.com)
Moreover the single line tunable output covers 430-1450nm range in one output beam, offering great flexibility for spectroscopy, microscopy and nanophotonics application. (sintec.sg)
A high numerical aperture objective (1.4 NA) is used to focus a radially polarized laser beam with wavelength 785nm on the sample surface. (rhk-tech.com)
A second beam from a either a 561 or 635 nm pulsed laser for excitation is aligned with the latter beam to pass through the hole and both beams are then be scanned across the specimen giving a much smaller effective excitation beam allowing resolution of details between 60-90 nm. (ucla.edu)
High resolution is achieved by scanning the sample with a finely focussed laser beam, and exclusion of out-of-focus fluorescence by a confocal aperture. (lu.se)

We determined whether neuroretinal rim assessment based on Bruch's membrane opening (BMO), rather than conventional optic disc margin (DM)-based assessment or retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, yielded higher diagnostic accuracy in myopic patients with glaucoma. (nih.gov)
Light sources may be conventional or laser, and fluorescence or transmitted observations are possible. (genomicglossaries.com)
The best resolution of conventional light microscopy is limited to ~200 nm due to the diffraction of light. (edu.hk)
Confocal microscopy offers several advantages over conventional widefield optical microscopy, including the ability to control depth of field, elimination or reduction of background information away from the focal plane (that leads to image degradation), and the capability to collect serial optical sections from thick specimens. (olympusconfocal.com)

Because of its patented widefield, correlated aperture confocal technology, your Smartproof 5 minimizes the time to result thus providing a perfect balance between high resolution and high speed. (zeiss.com)
The new ZEISS objective class C Epiplan-Apochromat has been especially designed for widefield confocal systems. (zeiss.com)
These high numerical aperture lenses not only produce the best performance in the visible range, but also at 405 nm - the wavelength used for the acquisition of widefield confocal images. (zeiss.com)
Presented in Figure 1 are a series of images that compare selected viewfields in traditional widefield and laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. (olympusconfocal.com)

c) 594 and 633 nm helium neon lasers. (ucla.edu)

The confocal microscopy hardware and software were licensed to Illumina in February 2002. (fsu.edu)

It has the two output: broadband supercontinuum output (useful for broadband scattering, reflection and transmission spectroscopy) and single line tunable output (useful for replacing multiple laser lines). (sintec.sg)
Applications include colour laser confocal microscopy, spectroscopy, full colour laser displays, and colour holography. (ozoptics.com)
Background can also be a problem for quantitative microscopy methods such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), where measurements are normally done with a diffraction-limited focal spot of around one femtoliter volume. (optics.org)

Confocal laser scanning microscopy is a powerful technique for studying biological specimens in three dimensions (3D) by optical sectioning. (inria.fr)
Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light. (genomicglossaries.com)
The basic key to the confocal approach is the use of spatial filtering techniques to eliminate out-of-focus light or glare in specimens whose thickness exceeds the immediate plane of focus. (olympusconfocal.com)

The wavelength of the laser radiation is significant because only light within the wavelength range of approximately 400 to 1400 nanometers can penetrate the eye sufficiently to damage the retina. (microscopyu.com)

The final classification of myopic glaucoma or myopic control was based on consensus assessment by 3 clinicians of visual fields and optic disc photographs. (nih.gov)
Glaucomatocyclitic crisis is characterized by a slight decrease in vision, elevated IOP, and open anterior chamber angles, with normal visual fields and optic nerve appearance. (medscape.com)

Visual and photographic microscopy in which electron beams with wavelengths thousands of times shorter than visible light are used in place of light, thereby allowing much greater magnification. (genomicglossaries.com)
Coherent® High Performance OBIS™ LX/LS Fiber-Pigtailed Laser Systems are plug-and-play lasers available in wavelengths from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared with an added fiber attachment. (edmundoptics.com)
By using achromatic optics with specially designed red/green/blue combiner optics, our RGB systems combine light of widely different wavelengths with low losses. (ozoptics.com)

This system uses a swept-scan 25-MHz ultrasound transducer with confocal dark-field laser illumination optics. (spie.org)
In addition, the utilization of filter wheels for illumination wavelength selection has become progressively more complex and expensive as the number of lasers being employed has increased with current applications. (olympusconfocal.com)
Upon illumination with a laser operating at a suitable resonant wavelength, the anisotropic gold-capped polystyrene microspheres self-propel along their symmetry axis. (jimdofree.com)
In structured illumination microscopy (SIM), the sample is illuminated with a series of highly structured excitation light ( e.g ., a pattern of parallel lines). (edu.hk)

To view tissue at greater depths, one possible solution is adaptive optics, a technology commonly used on astronomical telescopes to reduce the effects of rapidly changing optical distortion. (warf.org)

There has been an immense drive in modern microscopy towards miniaturization and fibre-based technology. (nature.com)
Here we present a novel approach for this field by utilizing disordered light within a standard multimode optical fibre for lensless microscopy and optical mode conversion. (nature.com)
These may be useful for future fibre-based implementations of super-resolution or light-sheet microscopy. (nature.com)
To generate the two shifted foci, two orthogonally polarized, pulsed diode lasers are combined with a polarization sensitive beamsplitter and afterwards coupled into a polarization maintaining single-mode fibre. (picoquant.com)

Introduction of the acousto-optic tunable filter to confocal systems overcomes most of the filter wheel disadvantages by enabling rapid simultaneous electronic tuning and intensity control of multiple laser lines from several lasers. (olympusconfocal.com)

The fiber optic is permanently attached to the laser, providing an extended lifetime of the fiber and guaranteed power consistency. (edmundoptics.com)
Coherent® High Performance OBIS™ LX/LS Fiber-Pigtailed Laser Systems produce high-quality, low-noise laser beams and also allow for hands-free operation. (edmundoptics.com)
In addition OZ Optics provides laser to fiber couplers for many makes and models of lasers and can custom design couplers specifically for your laser. (ozoptics.com)
Founded in 1985, OZ Optics Limited designs, manufactures and markets fiber optic components for existing and next-generation optical networks and systems based on proprietary technology, trade secrets and patents. (ozoptics.com)
OZ Optics also designs and manufactures handheld test and measurement equipment for the fiber optic market. (ozoptics.com)
In this paper, we propose a three-channel fluorescence confocal microscopy system based on fiber bundle and two excitation laser lines of 488nm and 650nm. (jpier.org)

The RCM technology will be making further appearances at a number of microscopy events this year, including the ELMI 2017 event in Dubrovnik, Croatia, next month, and the Microscience Microscopy Congress taking place in Manchester, UK, in early July. (optics.org)

The TCSPC time of each recorded photon is used to determine in which laser focus/detection region the fluorescence light was generated. (picoquant.com)

Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) has rapidly become an essential tool in the life sciences laboratory, enabling high-resolution and minimally intrusive optical sectioning of fluorescent samples. (strath.ac.uk)
Most commercially available CLSM systems employ a gas laser, e.g. a Kr/Ar laser, to provide the excitation radiation. (strath.ac.uk)

Additional avenues to sources of information on confocal principles, theory, and optics are also provided. (fsu.edu)

The optical probe being one of the main constituents of integrated optic measurement system critically determines the performance of the original metrology sensor system. (hud.ac.uk)

Laser emission is similar to direct sunlight exposure in that the light arrives at the eye in parallel rays, which are very efficiently focused on the retina, the rear surface of the eye that senses light. (microscopyu.com)

The confocal imager utilizes a Nipkow spinning disk and allows users to quickly switch from confocal to wide-field viewing or recording. (fsu.edu)
Immunofluorescence microscopy utilizes antibodies that are labeled with fluorescent dye. (genomicglossaries.com)

A pulse-sequencer enables ultrasonic and laser pulses to be interlaced so that photoacoustic and Doppler ultrasound images are co-registered. (spie.org)

The acousto-optic tunable filter ( AOTF ) is an electro-optical device that functions as an electronically tunable excitation filter to simultaneously modulate the intensity and wavelength of multiple laser lines from one or more sources. (olympusconfocal.com)
An acousto-optic tunable filter designed for microscopy typically consists of a tellurium dioxide or quartz anisotropic crystal to which a piezoelectric transducer is bonded. (olympusconfocal.com)
Although the function of the acousto-optic tunable filter is similar to that of a diffraction grating, its behavior differs in that diffraction occurs over an extended volume of the crystal rather than at a planar surface, and only a limited band of spectral frequencies are affected. (olympusconfocal.com)
Tunable Filters An acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is a solid-state, electronically-addressable random-access optical pass-band filter. (sintec.sg)

This high quality confocal system is driven by the powerful software ZEISS Efficient Navigation (ZEN) to bring you the added benefits of maximum user comfort and increased productivity. (zeiss.com)
The best of ZEISS optics and proven components enable you to work effectively across a broad range of applications. (zeiss.com)
When ZEISS Lattice Lightsheet 7 was presented to the research community in 2020, it marked a milestone in the development of microscopy techniques for the study of life. (zeiss.com)

They add that the signal-to-noise ratio of RCM is four times better than standard confocal microscopy, and confirm that the lateral resolution of the technique is 170 nm, compared with 240 nm for the diffraction-limited approach when using a 488 nm excitation laser and optics with a numerical aperture of 1.49. (optics.org)

More details of the technique and its potential applications are revealed in a recent scientific paper published by the Confocal.nl team and partners including Nikon in the Journal of Microscopy . (optics.org)
When lasers first began appearing in laboratories, both the devices and their applications were so specialized that safe laser operation was a problem faced by a very limited group of researchers and engineers, and was not a subject of general interest. (microscopyu.com)
OZ Optics Limited has updated its product line of delivery systems for visible light applications. (ozoptics.com)

The problem is that the confocal volume sensibly depends on numerous parameters of the optical set-up, refractive index mismatch of the sample solution and the objective's immersion medium, coverslide thickness variations and especially the dependence on optical saturation of the fluorescent dye, which can occur at even very low excitation powers. (picoquant.com)
Confocal laser scanning microscopy is mainly used in biomedical sciences for high-resolution analysis of cell and tissue structures labeled with fluorescent markers. (lu.se)

It contains the complete optics and electronics for recording virtually all aspects of the fluorescence dynamics of microscopic samples or femtoliter volumes. (picoquant.com)

OZ Optics' OZ-5000 series of diode laser modules are temperature stabilized, free space, laser diode delivery systems. (amstechnologies-webshop.com)
The compact housings contain both the laser diode and the temperature control and are powered by a single 5 V DC supply. (amstechnologies-webshop.com)
Both designs have an operating temperature range of +10 to +45°C and hold the temperature variation of the laser diode below 0.01 °C. This maintains the wavelength variation to better than 0.1 nm and reduces the tendency of the laser diode to mode hop. (amstechnologies-webshop.com)
An interlock feature is also standard for the OZ-5000 series of diode laser modules, enabling the user to shut the unit down if a safety issue or other error condition arises. (amstechnologies-webshop.com)

Confocal microscopy is used to view biological tissue through intervening tissues or structures. (warf.org)

Here, we used the σR1-knockout mouse ( Sigmar1 −/− ) to demonstrate unambiguously the role of the σR1 in protecting the retinal ganglion cells against degeneration after acute damage to the optic nerve. (molvis.org)
Retinal ganglion cell death was induced by acute optic nerve crush in wild-type and Sigmar1 −/− mice. (molvis.org)
Our data indicated faster retinal ganglion cell death in Sigmar1 −/− than in wild-type mice under the stresses caused by optic nerve crush, providing direct evidence for a role of the σR1 in alleviating retinal degeneration. (molvis.org)

Lasers have become integral components of many current optical microscopy techniques, and when combined with complex optical systems, they can constitute a significant hazard if safe procedures are not strictly followed. (microscopyu.com)
In contrast, a thin optical section of the same grain (Figure 1(f)) acquired with confocal techniques displays a dramatic difference between the particle core and the surrounding envelope. (olympusconfocal.com)

J'ai obtenu ma thèse en traitement du signal et des images au Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes ([L2S](http://www.l2s.supelec.fr/)), Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay, en 2000, et mon [ Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches](http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924578) à l'Université de Lorraine en 2013. (hal.science)
The topography and near-field images were obtained with shear-force microscopy using a chemically etched gold tip attached to a quartz tuning fork. (rhk-tech.com)
Scanning tunneling microscopy images of Aβ1−16-Cu2+ (a,b) and Aβ1−16 (c,d). (rhk-tech.com)
HRT3 RCM is a compact ophthalmic device that uses confocal scanning laser microscopy to provide high-resolution images of the cornea and external ocular structures, such as the conjunctiva or the limbus. (heidelbergengineering.com)
Scanning the cornea with a field of view of up to 400 x 400 μm, HRT3 RCM allows you to acquire unique en face images of corneal cells and structures, identify keratocytes subpopulations, and visualize details of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus. (heidelbergengineering.com)
The final confocal images can then be overlaid with the corresponding super-resolution images in the same FOV. (edu.hk)
During the late 1970s and the 1980s, advances in computer and laser technology, coupled to new algorithms for digital manipulation of images, led to a growing interest in confocal microscopy. (olympusconfocal.com)

Pulsed lasers present a different hazard than those producing continuous beams. (microscopyu.com)

Apart from improved sensitivity and resolution, the optical setup of RCM is flexible in its configuration in terms of control of the mirrors, lasers and filters, points out the team. (optics.org)

Tucson-headquartered scientific camera specialist Photometrics says that thanks to a collaboration with the Netherlands-based microscopy startup Confocal.nl , laboratories are now able to buy a new cost-effective system capable of sub-diffraction-limited resolution. (optics.org)
Parts can be purchased individually, or OZ Optics can design and build an entire system, complete with laser sources and output optics, to your specifications. (ozoptics.com)

The integration of optoelectronic technology into confocal microscopy has provided a significant enhancement in the versatility of spectral control for a wide variety of fluorescence investigations. (olympusconfocal.com)

In fact, confocal technology is proving to be one of the most important advances ever achieved in optical microscopy. (olympusconfocal.com)

To examine the changes in gene expression during this transition, both live and fixed samples are imaged at different timepoints using spinning disk confocal microscopy. (zeiss.com)
The only available option was to use spinning disk confocal microscopy. (zeiss.com)

A TCSPC-unit is used for data acquisition, operating in the time-tagged time-resolved (TTTR) mode, which allows to record for every detected photon its arrival time with a temporal resolution in the nano-second range (macroscopic time) and its arrival time with respect to the last laser pulse with picosecond timing resolution (TCSPC time). (picoquant.com)
During image acquisition, the activation laser stochastically activates a sparse set of probes, which are then imaged with the readout laser. (edu.hk)

And after a first public demonstration of the RCM kit at the European Light Microscopy Initiative (ELMI) conference held in Debrecen, Hungary, in May 2016, the company began delivering the first commercial units earlier this year. (optics.org)
The combined light consists of a train of laser pulses with alternating orthogonal polarization. (picoquant.com)
Research results combined with an accumulated understanding of the hazards of sunlight and other light sources have led to the establishment of estimated nominal safe exposure limits for most types of laser radiation. (microscopyu.com)
than TEM or light microscopy. (freezingblue.com)

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