• Like other members of the Rho family of Ras-related GTPases it regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to extracellular growth factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • According to the nature of the target and the type of modification, intracellular active toxins cause a dramatic alteration of cellular functions, such as protein synthesis, cell homeostasis, cell cycle progression, vesicular trafficking or actin cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
  • Disorganization of the actin cytoskeleton induces alterations of intestinal barrier functions, leading to passage of fluids into the intestinal lumen, but to a lesser degree. (medscape.com)
  • ROCK1 Protein kinase which is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity. (affbiotech.com)
  • Moesin is a member of the ERM family and is involved in plasma membrane-actin cytoskeleton cross-linking, resulting cell adhesion, shape, and motility. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The highly homologous ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) proteins, molecular cross-linkers which connect the cell membrane with the underlying cytoskeleton, have molecular weights of 81, 80 and 78 kDa respectively. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The glomerular epithelial cell anti-adhesin podocalyxin associates with the actin cytoskeleton through interactions with ezrin. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • These data indicate that in podocytes, podocalyxin is complexed with ezrin, which mediates its link to the actin cytoskeleton. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Binding of p120 catenin stabilizes junctional cadherins by preventing cadherin endocytosis (reviewed in [ 3 , 10 ]), while β -catenin associates with α -catenin, providing the link to the actin cytoskeleton [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • We found RNA-seq and ATAC-seq highlights LncRNA AY927503 (AY) induced SEPT11 transcription, resulting in Rho GTPase activation and cytoskeleton actin aggregation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Meanwhile, we found SEPT11 targets RhoA, thereby regulating cytoskeleton rearrangement and abnormal cell adhesion through ROCK1/cofilin and FAK/paxillin signaling pathways, promoting invasion and migration of HCC. (bvsalud.org)
  • A complex of seven proteins including ARP2 PROTEIN and ARP3 PROTEIN that plays an essential role in maintenance and assembly of the CYTOSKELETON. (lookformedical.com)
  • ICAM-1 cross-linking results in a reorganization of the endothelial actin cytoskeleton to form stress fibers and activation of the small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein Rho. (lookformedical.com)
  • The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network of filamentous proteins that enables the active transport of cellular cargo, transduces force, and when assembled into higher-order structures, forms the basis for motile cellular structures that promote cell movement. (mechanobio.info)
  • Overexpression of Rho kinase 1 (ROCK1) and the G protein RhoA is implicated in breast cancer progression, but oncogenic mutations are rare, and the molecular mechanisms that underlie increased ROCK1 and RhoA expression have not been determined. (nih.gov)
  • Once formed, podocalyxin/ezrin complexes are very stable, because they are insensitive to actin depolymerization or inactivation of Rho kinase, which is known to be necessary for regulation of ezrin and to mediate Rho-dependent actin organization. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • It is known that the human Ras GTPase activating protein (GAP) p120-GAP can be phosphorylated by different members of the Src kinase family and recently phosphorylation of the GDP/GTP exchange factor (GEF) CDC25Mm/GRF1 by proteins of the Src kinase family has been revealed in vivo [Kiyono, M., Kaziro, Y. & Satoh, T. (2000) J. Biol. (embl.de)
  • In addition to its association with Ras, GAP has been shown to bind to several tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in cells stimulated by growth factors or expressing transforming tyrosine kinase variants. (embl.de)
  • Here, we demonstrate that epithelial growth factor stimulates protein kinase Src- and Abl1-dependent phosphorylation of Net1A to promote its cytosolic localization. (bvsalud.org)
  • A PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE family that was originally identified by homology to the Rous sarcoma virus ONCOGENE PROTEIN PP60(V-SRC). (lookformedical.com)
  • Since ERM proteins can exist in dormant or active conformations corresponding to their phosphorylation state, we propose that the partitioning of ERM proteins between subcellular compartments may depend on their activation status. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • phosphorylation by Lck increased its capacity to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange on Ha-Ras, whereas its phosphorylation by p60c-Src was ineffective. (embl.de)
  • Our results suggest that phosphorylation by p60c-Src and Lck is a selective process that can modulate the activity of p120-GAP and CDC25Mm towards Ras proteins. (embl.de)
  • We also demonstrate that aspartate substitution at Y373 is sufficient to promote Net1A cytosolic accumulation, and expression of Net1A Y373D potentiates epithelial growth factor-stimulated RhoA activation, downstream myosin light chain 2 phosphorylation, and F-actin accumulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mechanistically, HUNK directly phosphorylates GEF-H1 at serine 645 (S645) site, which activates RhoA and consequently leads to a cascade of phosphorylation of LIMK-1/CFL-1, thereby stabilizing F-actin and inhibiting EMT. (bvsalud.org)
  • Rnd3 contains a region which is similar to the one RhoA exposes for interaction with ROCK1, allowing Rnd3 to compete with RhoA for interaction with ROCK1. (wikipedia.org)
  • By binding to ROCK1, Rnd3 inhibits it from phosphorylating downstream targets necessary for stress fiber formation. (wikipedia.org)
  • RhoA-bound ROCK1 phosphorylates myosin light chain (MLC), which is required for actin-myosin contractility. (nih.gov)
  • Cellular distributions of the ERM proteins in MDCK epithelial cells: regulation by growth and cytoskeletal integrity. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • This study examined whether the highly conserved cytoplasmic tail of podocalyxin also contributes to the unique organization of podocytes by interacting with the cytoskeletal network found in their cell bodies and foot processes. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • 18. SEPT9_i1 regulates human breast cancer cell motility through cytoskeletal and RhoA/FAK signaling pathway regulation. (nih.gov)
  • Upon adhesion to ECM, cytoskeletal rearrangements occur that lead to cell spreading, actin turnover, and cell migration. (rupress.org)
  • SH2 usually binds PHOSPHOTYROSINE-containing proteins and SH3 interacts with CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Rnd3 is a small (~21 kDa) signaling G protein (to be specific, a GTPase), and is a member of the Rnd subgroup of the Rho family of GTPases. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, members of the Rnd subgroup of the Rho family are exceptions to this, binding detectably only to GTP, while having low GTPase activity, if any. (wikipedia.org)
  • RhoA belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Rho family. (novusbio.com)
  • The accessory GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) negatively regulate the cell signaling by increasing the slow intrinsic GTP to GDP hydrolysis rate of Ras. (embl.de)
  • A mouse homologue of the Drosophila tumor suppressor l(2)tid gene defines a novel Ras GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP)-binding protein. (embl.de)
  • The neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1 (Net1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RhoA that promotes cancer cell motility and metastasis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Receptor-binding transiently activates Cdc42/Rac1 GTPase and subsequent recruitment of adhesion molecules and components of the actin polymerizing module (e.g. (mechanobio.info)
  • Selective detergent extraction followed by differential centrifugation revealed that some of the podocalyxin cosediments with actin filaments. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • 13. Septin 9_i2 is downregulated in tumors, impairs cancer cell migration and alters subnuclear actin filaments. (nih.gov)
  • Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. (lookformedical.com)
  • Arp2-3 complex binds WASP PROTEIN and existing ACTIN FILAMENTS, and it nucleates the formation of new branch point filaments. (lookformedical.com)
  • Oncogenic forms of src-family kinases can occur through altered regulation or expression of the endogenous protein and by virally encoded src (v-src) genes. (lookformedical.com)
  • 13 , 20 - 28 ] The interactions of cells with nanometric surfaces often lead to a series of gene and protein regulation events that start as early as the cells begin to sense their surrounding environment. (ntno.org)
  • ARAP2 is a protein that contains both ArfGAP and RhoGAP domains. (biologists.com)
  • We found that it is a phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate-dependent Arf6 GAP that binds RhoA-GTP but lacks RhoGAP activity. (biologists.com)
  • The MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. (nih.gov)
  • Endothelial cells may allow the transport of proteins and even cells through their cell body in what has been called the transcellular pathway. (hindawi.com)
  • In this pathway, fluid and proteins are actively transported in a complex system of vesicles from the luminal to the basal side of the cell, where the vesicular content is released [ 13 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Antibodies bound to the blocking peptide no longer bind to the epitope on the target protein. (affbiotech.com)
  • We present data which shows significant variation in the molecular weight and presence of multiple forms of ERM proteins in different cell lines, such that specific antibodies to each protein are essential for unambiguous detection. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Our molecular dynamics simulations of the p21ras-p120GAP-GTP complex suggest that the local structure around the catalytic region can be different from that revealed by the x-ray crystal structure. (embl.de)
  • In this study, we report a direct and specific interaction of PAK1 with a 22-kD Ca 2+ -binding protein, CIB1, which results in PAK1 activation both in vitro and in vivo. (rupress.org)
  • P61959.1 MADEKPKEGVKTENNDHINLKVAGQDGSVVQFKIKRHTPLSKLMKAYCERQGLSMRQIRFRFDGQPINETDTPAQLEMEDEDTIDVFQQQTGGVY 1367453_at NP_446195 8.92 hsp90 co-chaperone Cdc37 Cdc37 Rattus norvegicus " Co-chaperone that binds to numerous kinases and promotes their interaction with the Hsp90 complex, resulting in stabilization and promotion of their activity. (nih.gov)
  • SH2 and SH3 domains are protein interaction domains. (lookformedical.com)
  • In agreement with the hypothesis that ARAP2 mediates effects of RhoA, endogenous ARAP2 associated with focal adhesions (FAs) and reduction of ARAP2 expression, by RNAi, resulted in fewer FAs and actin stress fibers (SFs). (biologists.com)
  • 14 - 17 ] Mammalian cells can sense and interact with the extracellular microenvironment at the nanometer scale despite their micrometer dimensions. (ntno.org)
  • Guidance cues come in many different forms, from diffusible extracellular proteins and lipid factors, to extracellular matrix proteins and/or carbohydrates located on the cell substrate. (mechanobio.info)
  • Phospholipid Phosphatase-Related Protein Type 1 (PLPPR1) is a member of a family of lipid phosphatase related proteins, integral membrane proteins characterized by six transmembrane domains. (nih.gov)
  • Discover related pathways, diseases and genes to RhoA. (novusbio.com)
  • This not only leads to radiation resistance, but the microenvironmental stress and hypoxia itself can alter cellular phenotype, for example, the induction of HIF-1 responsive genes. (nih.gov)
  • Differential actions of p60c-Src and Lck kinases on the Ras regulators p120-GAP and GDP/GTP exchange factor CDC25Mm. (embl.de)
  • Taken together, this work demonstrates a novel mechanism controlling Net1A subcellular localization to regulate RhoA-dependent cell motility and invasion. (bvsalud.org)
  • They are used to approximate the non-specific target primary antibody binding due to protein-protein interactions, binding t. (novusbio.com)
  • Consistent with other workers, our data suggest that maintenance of ezrin:F-actin interactions are required for the maintenance of normal cellular morphology. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The A1 fragment is responsible for the intracellular enzymatic activities of the toxin in the presence of the membrane Arf factor, including NAD hydrolysis in ADP ribose and nicotinamide, and transfer of ADP ribose to Arg-187 of the α-subunit of the stimulatory protein Gsα, leading to a continuous stimulation of adenylyl cyclase and elevated intracellular cAMP. (medscape.com)
  • The arginine finger of RasGAP helps Gln-61 align the nucleophilic water in GAP-stimulated hydrolysis of GTP. (embl.de)
  • The N-terminal subdomain includes Walker A and Walker B motifs which function in ATP binding and hydrolysis. (nih.gov)
  • The Sec61 complex usually transports newly synthesized proteins from cytosol into the ER, and also misfolded proteins from the ER to proteosomal degradation in the cytosol, a process known as the ER-associated degradation. (medscape.com)
  • Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins (By similarity). (nih.gov)
  • Activated by ARHGEF2, which promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP. (nih.gov)
  • Blocking peptides are peptides that bind specifically to the target antibody and block antibody binding. (affbiotech.com)
  • These results stress the diversification of folding mechanisms between different tissues and highlight the importance of lateral tension increase for epithelial folding. (sdbonline.org)
  • In neuronal growth cones, filopodia protrusion is induced when an attractive cue binds to its receptor on the cell surface. (mechanobio.info)
  • Optogenetic recruitment of RhoGEF2 to apical, lateral or basal cell sides leads to local accumulation of F-actin and increase in mechanical tension. (sdbonline.org)
  • In addition, we show that when the co-localization between ezrin and F-actin is disrupted by cytochalasin D, MDCK cells undergo a dramatic morphology change during which long, branching, ezrin-rich protrusions are formed. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Cholera toxin, via the B-subunits, binds with high affinity to GM1 ganglioside, which is distributed in the detergent-resistant membrane fraction of enterocytes. (medscape.com)
  • By immunocytochemistry, it was shown that podocalyxin and the actin binding protein ezrin are co-expressed in podocytes and co-localize along the apical plasma membrane, where they form a co-immunoprecipitable complex. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Probe Set ID Ref Seq Protein ID Signal Strength Name Gene Symbol Species Function Swiss-Prot ID Amino Acid Sequence 1367452_at NP_598278 16.52 small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 precursor Sumo2 Rattus norvegicus " Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. (nih.gov)
  • Interestingly, although mTid-1 is found tyrosine-phosphorylated in v-src-transformed fibroblast cells, GAP selectively binds to the unphosphorylated form of mTid-1. (embl.de)
  • 8. Properties of SEPT9 isoforms and the requirement for GTP binding. (nih.gov)
  • Two isoforms of Net1 exist, Net1 and Net1A, both of which are sequestered in the nucleus in quiescent cells to prevent aberrant RhoA activation. (bvsalud.org)
  • We find that the carbonyl oxygen on the backbone of the arginine finger supplied in trans by p120GAP (Arg-789) interacts with a water molecule in the active site that is forming a bridge between the NH(2) group of the Gln-61 and the gamma-phosphate of GTP. (embl.de)
  • CIB1 binds to PAK1 within discrete regions surrounding the inhibitory switch domain in a calcium-dependent manner, providing a potential mechanism of CIB1-induced PAK1 activation. (rupress.org)
  • Aldrich Syndrome Protein-dependent summers, which are predetermined compared to lie only Mst1 as 600 discovery into the east plethora to speculate other series( 56). (ballymoregroundwork.ie)
  • This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. (nih.gov)
  • The activation of localized signal transduction events results in positional cues that promote the relocalization of certain proteins to the front or back of the cell. (mechanobio.info)
  • 9. SEPT9_V1 protein expression is associated with human cancer cell resistance to microtubule-disrupting agents. (nih.gov)
  • A dynamic actin-rich extension of the surface of an animal cell used for locomotion or prehension of food. (lookformedical.com)
  • HN - 2018 FX - ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities MH - AAA Proteins UI - D000074582 MN - D8.811.277.40.13 MN - D12.776.157.25 MS - A large, highly conserved and functionally diverse superfamily of NTPases and nucleotide-binding proteins that are characterized by a conserved 200 to 250 amino acid nucleotide-binding and catalytic domain, the AAA+ module. (nih.gov)
  • Here we report the cloning and characterization of a novel GAP-binding protein, mTid-1, a DnaJ chaperone protein that represents the murine homolog of the Drosophila tumor suppressor l(2)tid gene. (embl.de)
  • In its GTP-bound form, RhoA exposes regions that allow it to interact with downstream targets. (wikipedia.org)
  • Similar to other classical cadherins, the cytoplasmic tail of VE-cadherin contains the binding regions for p120 catenin at the juxtamembrane domain (JMD) and for β -catenin or γ -catenin at the C-terminal catenin binding domain (CBD). (hindawi.com)
  • This family of proteins is enriched in the brain and recent data indicate potential pleiotropic functions in several different contexts. (nih.gov)
  • Monomeric subunits of primarily globular ACTIN and found in the cytoplasmic matrix of almost all cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Virus nanoparticles are typically comprised of self-assembled coat protein subunits, which form the virus capsid that encapsulates the genomic RNA. (ntno.org)
  • Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. (nih.gov)
  • In cells with reduced levels of endogenous ARAP2, FAs and SFs could be restored with wild-type recombinant ARAP2 but not mutants lacking ArfGAP or Rho-binding activity. (biologists.com)
  • Rnd3 is also directly involved in controlling RhoA activity through suppression of PLEKHG5 and activation of ARHGAP5. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most Rho family members cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form. (wikipedia.org)
  • An inherent ability of this family of proteins is to induce morphological changes, and we have previously reported that members of this family interact with each other and may function co-operatively. (nih.gov)
  • A member of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family that is found at high levels in NERVE CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
  • Discover more about diseases related to RhoA. (novusbio.com)
  • ADM can be recovered after the elimination of oncogenic genetic insults or sustained environmental stress [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)