GnRHAdrenalGonadotropinHypothalamusFollicle stimulatSecretionBiosynthesisEndocrine glandsStimulatesAxisHypothalamicReceptorEstrogenSecrete inhibinTestisCORTICOSTEROIDSLuteinizing HormoneDisorders of androgenAndrogenMaturationSpermatogenesisProgesteroneImmunoreactivePituitary glandParathyroidOvarian steroidGonadsSecretesEstradiolRegulateDysgenesisGonadotropinsCortisolInsufficiencyAdrenocorticotrophic hormoneThyroid hormonesSertoliOXYTOCINProduce hormonesDifferent hormonesTesticularFollicularCalcitoninReceptorsLevelsPubertyESTROUS CYCLEEndogenousMalesBeta subunitEstrogensGrowthDifferentiationBloodstreamAnti-MulleriConcentrationsSelectivelyFunctionDevelopment
GnRH17
- Since the isolation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a hypothalamic decapeptide, from mammalian brain in the early 1970s, several other GnRHs have been identified in the brains of other vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
- Some neurochemicals and peripheral hormones [e.g.gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), opiates, gonadal sex steroids, inhibin] can modulate gonadotropin release, but GnRH was considered to have no hypothalamic antagonist. (wikipedia.org)
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a glycoprotein gonadotropin secreted by the anterior pituitary in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) released by the hypothalamus. (medscape.com)
- GnSAF is present in steroid-free human follicular fluid (HFF) from superovulated women and specifically attenuates gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. (elsevierpure.com)
- HFF produced dose-dependent suppression of GnRH-induced LH and basal FSH secretion, the former reflecting GnSAF bioactivity, the latter inhibin bioactivity. (elsevierpure.com)
- In-vitro and in-vivo GnSAF bioactivity is consistent with a role for GnSAF in the gonadal feedback regulation of pituitary response to GnRH. (elsevierpure.com)
- Gonadotropin synthesis and secretion are primarily regulated by gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) but other hormones such as steroids activin follistatin and inhibin also modulate gonadotropin production (26). (immune-source.com)
- Testicular function is mainly regulated by the pituitary gonadotropins LH and FSH, which in turn depend on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) action, from the hypothalamus. (biomedcentral.com)
- You decide to run a blood test, which shows low levels of the hormones GnRH , LH, FSH, and testosterone . (osmosis.org)
- First, the hypothalamus secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone , or GnRH for short, which goes to the anterior pituitary to stimulate the release of gonadotropic hormones, which are luteinizing hormone or LH, and follicle-stimulating hormone or FSH. (osmosis.org)
- The gene for the FSH beta subunit is located on chromosome 11p13, and is expressed in gonadotropes of the pituitary cells, controlled by GnRH , inhibited by inhibin , and enhanced by activin . (wikidoc.org)
- Low frequency gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses increase FSH mRNA levels in the rat, [6] but is not directly correlated with an increase in circulating FSH. (wikidoc.org)
- This article is about GnRH as a hormone. (wikidoc.org)
- Gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) is a releasing hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary . (wikidoc.org)
- GnRH is a tropic peptide hormone synthesized and released from GnRH neurons within the hypothalamus . (wikidoc.org)
- At the pituitary, GnRH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropins , follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). (wikidoc.org)
- GnRH is considered a neurohormone , a hormone produced in a specific neural cell and released at its neural terminal . (wikidoc.org)
Adrenal10
- A recent case of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome and complete suppression of the pituitary-adrenal-axis in a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis treated with itraconazole as an antifungal agent, and budesonide as an anti-inflammatory agent led to a systematic assessment of this axis and gonadal function in all patients treated with itraconazole in the authors' CF centre. (ersjournals.com)
- The aim of this study was to evaluate adrenal and gonadal function in patients treated with itraconazole with or without budesonide. (ersjournals.com)
- The frequency of suppression of the pituitary-adrenal-axis and gonadal steroidogenesis due to pharmacological interaction of itraconazole and budesonide was prospectively studied in a group of 31 patients with CF and six patients with chronic granulomateous disease (CGD) and compared to a control group of 30 CF patients who had been tested as part of a pretransplantation programme. (ersjournals.com)
- Background/Aims: Physiological role of luteinizing hormone (LH) and its receptor (LHCGR) in adrenal remains unknown. (abo.fi)
- In contrast to Lhcgr-ko, Gata4-ko Ca1 cells presented decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, decreased expression of Inha, SV40Tag and Lhcgr tumor markers, as well as up-regulated adrenal-and down-regulated sex steroid gene expression. (abo.fi)
- Conclusion: Our data indicate that LH/LHCGR signaling is critical for the adrenal cell reprogramming by GATA4 induction prompting adenoma formation and gonadal-like phenotype of the adrenocortical tumors in inha/Tag mice. (abo.fi)
- These conditions may be caused by numerical or structural variations in sex chromosomes as well as autosomes, variations in genes involved in gonadal and/or genital development, and changes in gonadal and/or adrenal steroidogenesis. (e-apem.org)
- The main function of the hormone is to stimulate the adrenal glands to release cortisol in response to stress. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS. (lookformedical.com)
- [4] It is released from the adrenal medulla into the blood as a hormone , and is also a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and sympathetic nervous system where it is released from noradrenergic neurons . (wikidoc.org)
Gonadotropin9
- The pituitary gland also secretes luteinizing hormone (LH), another gonadotropin. (medscape.com)
- In the pituitary the gonadotropin hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) are produced exclusively in gonadotrope cells (19-21). (immune-source.com)
- In the adult male, the appraisal of the endocrine function of the gonadal axis usually relies on the assessment of serum levels of gonadotropins, testosterone and inhibin B. In pediatric ages, basal testosterone and gonadotropin levels may be largely uninformative. (biomedcentral.com)
- Unlike that in humans, the equine LUTEINIZING HORMONE, BETA SUBUNIT is identical to the equine choronic gonadotropin, beta. (lookformedical.com)
- A potent synthetic analog of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-serine substitution at residue 6, glycine10 deletion, and other modifications. (lookformedical.com)
- Follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ) is a gonadotropin , a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone . (wikidoc.org)
- Its structure is similar to those of luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). (wikidoc.org)
- The peptide belongs to gonadotropin-releasing hormone family . (wikidoc.org)
- You decide to run a blood test, which reveals that Noam's testosterone and inhibin B levels are decreased, while gonadotropin and estrogen are increased. (osmosis.org)
Hypothalamus4
- The other major control factor is the negative feedback mechanism exerted by the thyroid hormones themselves at the level of the pituitary and the hypothalamus. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- In another, we examine a phenomenon called a negative feedback loop, in which hormones from endocrine glands influence the action of the hypothalamus. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
- Secretion of pituitary hormones is controlled by the hypothalamus. (msdmanuals.com)
- Changes in circulating levels of hormones produced by these endocrine glands are detected by the hypothalamus, which then increases or decreases its stimulation of the pituitary to maintain homeostasis. (msdmanuals.com)
Follicle stimulat2
- PCR using primers specific for 20beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20beta-HSD) which is involved in DHP production, follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), the two forms of membrane progestin receptor: mPR-alpha and mPR-beta, as well as GAPDH (control), were performed. (biomedcentral.com)
- FSH has a beta subunit of 111 amino acids (FSH β), which confers its specific biologic action, and is responsible for interaction with the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor . (wikidoc.org)
Secretion5
- The pathogenesis is most likely an itraconazole caused increase in systemic budesonide concentration through a reduced/inhibited metabolism leading to inhibition of adrenocorticotrophic hormone secretion along with a direct inhibition of steroidogenesis. (ersjournals.com)
- FSH and LH secretion are affected by a negative feedback from sex steroids. (medscape.com)
- Fowler, PA , Templeton, A & Messinis, IE 1993, ' The ovarian modulation of gonadotrophin releasing hormone-induced luteinizing hormone secretion in women ', Human Reproduction , vol. 8, pp. 112-116. (elsevierpure.com)
- by the parathyroid glands, primarily in response to blood calcium levels), whereas many (eg, secretion of thyroid or gonadal hormones) are controlled to a great extent. (msdmanuals.com)
- Specifically, activation of Sertoli cells by FSH sustains spermatogenesis and stimulates inhibin B secretion. (wikidoc.org)
Biosynthesis3
- Evidence for sex hormone biosynthesis was identified by significant overexpression of multiple estrogen biosynthetic enzymes. (johnshopkins.edu)
- 46,XY and 46,XX DSDs can be further subdivided into the subclasses of disorders of gonadal development, disorders of androgen biosynthesis and excess, and unclassified. (e-apem.org)
- This highlights the importance of evaluating the role of sexual steroid hormones in ovarian cancer by the expression of enzymes related to steroid hormone biosynthesis in the tumor cells. (bioscientifica.com)
Endocrine glands5
- The endocrine system-the other communication system in the body-is made up of endocrine glands that produce hormones, chemical substances released into the bloodstream to guide processes such as metabolism, growth, and sexual development. (medscape.com)
- The anterior pituitary, often called the "master gland," responds to chemical messages from the bloodstream to produce numerous hormones that trigger the action of other endocrine glands. (medscape.com)
- The endocrine system consists of endocrine glands that produce and secrete hormones into the blood stream to reach and act on target cells of specific organs. (medscape.com)
- In response, the pituitary releases various hormones that stimulate certain endocrine glands throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)
- These anterior pituitary hormones regulate peripheral endocrine glands (the thyroid, adrenals, and gonads) as well as growth and lactation. (msdmanuals.com)
Stimulates5
- Meanwhile, the autonomic nervous system stimulates the suprarenal medulla to secrete hormones such as epinephrine into the bloodstream. (medscape.com)
- There, it stimulates the cleavage of Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) into several molecules including melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH). (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- Growth hormone stimulates many tissues, mainly the liver, to produce substances known as somatomedins. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- During oocyte growth, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates production of estradiol-17β from the ovary. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, this hormone can cross the placenta and stimulates the foetal pituitary to secrete thyrotropin. (spiritsong.org)
Axis7
- The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis plays a crucial and integrative role in the mammalian endocrine regulation to maintain homeostasis. (intechopen.com)
- While FOXO1 function in the gonads and uterus has been characterized little is known about its function in the central portion of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. (immune-source.com)
- This hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis evolves throughout development, from fetal life through adulthood. (biomedcentral.com)
- The development of primary and secondary sexual characteristics is generally under control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. (osmosis.org)
- FSH is subject to oestrogen feed-back from the gonads via the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis. (wikidoc.org)
- It constitutes the initial step in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis . (wikidoc.org)
- It is the target of various regulatory mechanisms of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis , such as being inhibited by increased estrogen levels in the body. (wikidoc.org)
Hypothalamic2
- The control of TSH release is by the hypothalamic hormone Thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH). (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- However, these hormones are only released (or, in some cases, inhibited from being released) in response to hypothalamic hormones. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Receptor1
- The pleiotropic harmful effects of EDCs act through hormone-dependent downstream signaling pathways responsible for gonad development either through direct interaction with steroid hormone receptor or via epigenetic regulation. (intechopen.com)
Estrogen3
- Sex hormone steroids , also known as gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate androgen or estrogen receptors. (illnesshacker.com)
- Estrogens are used as part of some oral contraceptives , in estrogen replacement therapy of postmenopausal women, and in hormone replacement therapy for transwomen . (wikidoc.org)
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulate the production of estrogen in the ovaries . (wikidoc.org)
Secrete inhibin2
- Sertoli cells, under the influence of androgens, also secrete inhibin, a polypeptide, which may help to locally regulate spermatogenesis. (medscape.com)
- The granulosa cells of the ovary secrete inhibin, which plays a role in cellular differentiation. (medscape.com)
Testis3
- FSH and LH bind to receptors in the testis and ovary and regulate gonadal function by promoting sex steroid production and gametogenesis. (medscape.com)
- Measurement of serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has become increasingly widespread since it provides information about the activity of the male gonad without the need for dynamic tests, and also reflects the action of FSH and androgens within the testis. (biomedcentral.com)
- Transcriptomic analysis on 72 h-exposed fetal testis explants revealed 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including genes involved in steroid synthesis and toxic substance response. (biomedcentral.com)
CORTICOSTEROIDS1
- Receptors inside cells interact with hormones that regulate gene function (eg, corticosteroids, vitamin D, thyroid hormone). (msdmanuals.com)
Luteinizing Hormone3
- This is a frequently sampled serum luteinizing hormone (LH) profile in a male patient with Kallmann syndrome (KS), compared with that in a healthy individual. (medscape.com)
- The process of corpus luteum formation, LUTEINIZATION, is regulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE. (lookformedical.com)
- FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) work together in the reproductive system . (wikidoc.org)
Disorders of androgen1
- Serum AMH measurements are useful, together with testosterone determination, in the diagnosis of patients with ambiguous genitalia: both are low in patients with gonadal dysgenesis, including ovotesticular disorders of sex development, testosterone is low but AMH is in the normal male range or higher in patients with disorders of androgen synthesis, and both hormones are normal or high in patients with androgen insensitivity. (biomedcentral.com)
Androgen2
- AIMS To study the value of assessing serum concentrations of luteinising hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in patients with male undermasculinisation not caused by androgen insensitivity. (bmj.com)
- In males , FSH induces Sertoli cells to secrete androgen-binding proteins (ABPs), regulated by inhibin 's negative feedback mechanism on the anterior pituitary . (wikidoc.org)
Maturation4
- In birds and mammals, luteinizinghormone (LH) regulates sex steroid production as well as ovulation, whereas follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes spermatogenesis and ovarian follicle maturation. (wikipedia.org)
- Throughout a female's reproductive lifespan, the ovaries undergo continual structural changes that are crucial for the maturation of ovarian follicles and the production of sex steroid hormones. (mdpi.com)
- Oocyte maturation in teleosts is triggered by the release of leutinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary. (biomedcentral.com)
- In the granulosa cells, under the action of 20β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20β-HSD), 17α-HP is converted to 17α, 20β-dihydroxyprogesterone (DHP), the maturation inducing hormone (MIH) in cyprinids, such as zebrafish and goldfish. (biomedcentral.com)
Spermatogenesis1
- Thus, a single hormone, GnRH1, controls a complex process of follicular growth, ovulation , and corpus luteum maintenance in the female, and spermatogenesis in the male. (wikidoc.org)
Progesterone1
- Mineralocorticoid and gonadal steroid function were evaluated by measurements of plasma-renin, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, progesterone, oestradiol, testosterone, serum-inhibin A and B. ACTH tests performed as part of a pretransplantation programme in an additional 30 CF patients were used as controls. (ersjournals.com)
Immunoreactive2
- Immunoreactive inhibin B levels were measured in serum using ELISA. (cdc.gov)
- The influence of gonadal steroid hormones on immunoreactive kisspeptin in the preoptic area and arcuate nucleus of developing agonadal mice with a genetic disruption of Steroidogenic factor-1. (arnes.si)
Pituitary gland2
- The pituitary gland produces the largest number of different hormones and, therefore, has the widest range of effects on the body's functions. (medscape.com)
- For example, in response to a stressful situation, the pituitary gland may release beta endorphin and ACTH, which, in turn, prompt the suprarenal cortex to release hormones. (medscape.com)
Parathyroid1
- Parathyroid hormone (PTH) , or parathormone , is secreted by the parathyroid glands as a polypeptide containing 84 amino acids. (bionity.com)
Ovarian steroid1
- A disruption of this process may result in anovulation and ovarian steroid hormone deficiency. (medscape.com)
Gonads1
- The hormone of gonadotropins secreted by the anterior hypophyse gland effects on the gonads and play a crucial role in the process of gonadal development and function in vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
Secretes1
- The thyroid gland secretes thyroxin, a hormone that can reduce concentration and lead to irritability when the thyroid is overactive and cause drowsiness and a sluggish metabolism when the thyroid is underactive. (medscape.com)
Estradiol1
- In many contexts, the two main classes of sex steroids are androgens and estrogens, of which the most important human derivatives are testosterone and estradiol, respectively. (illnesshacker.com)
Regulate3
- These hormones regulate the body's growth, and are involved in cell to cell communication, control metabolic activity, sleep-wake homeostasis, and altered regulation or dysregulation of adaptive response in various physiologic and pathophysiologic states. (medscape.com)
- Receptors on the cell surface bind with hormones that regulate enzyme activity or affect ion channels (eg, growth hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone). (msdmanuals.com)
- Second, networks of genes and hormones regulate the advancement of sex determination and gonad differentiation, known as the gonadal sex phase. (lidsen.com)
Dysgenesis3
- Serum AMH is undetectable in patients with congenital or acquired anorchidism, or with complete gonadal dysgenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
- Low circulating levels of AMH may reflect primary testicular dysfunction, e.g. in certain patients with cryptorchidism, monorchidism, partial gonadal dysgenesis, or central hypogonadism. (biomedcentral.com)
- It has been hypothesized that in gonadal dysgenesis various deletions on the X chromosome cause such rapid atresia of oocytes 5 that few girls with this condition reach puberty with functioning ovaries. (ldysinger.com)
Gonadotropins1
- During the menopausal transition, physiologic changes in responsiveness to gonadotropins and their secretions occur, with wide variations in hormone levels. (medscape.com)
Cortisol1
- Stressors increase corticoreleasing hormone, adrenocorticoreleasing hormone, cortisol and prolactin and decrease prostaglandin E2 release and vasoconstriction induced/potentiated by angiotensin II, nitric oxide, acetylcholine and serotonin. (gremjournal.com)
Insufficiency2
- Mineralocorticoid and gonadal insufficiency was not observed in any of the patients. (ersjournals.com)
- Occult primary ovarian insufficiency presents as unexplained infertility in a patient with a normal basal serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level. (medscape.com)
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone1
- An adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) test (250 µg tetracosactid) was performed in 25 CF patients treated with both itraconazole and budesonide, and in 12 patients treated with itraconazole alone (six patients with CF and six with chronic granulomateous disease). (ersjournals.com)
Thyroid hormones2
- The actions of the two thyroid hormones released (T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine)) are discussed in the Thyroid section. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- Also, growth hormone and thyroid hormones directly influence implantation. (gremjournal.com)
Sertoli1
- Primary gonadal failure in men and women leads to high levels of FSH and LH, except in selective destruction of testicular tubules with subsequent elevation of only FSH, as in Sertoli-cell-only syndrome. (medscape.com)
OXYTOCIN3
- It produces 2 hormones: vasopressin, which causes blood pressure to rise and regulates the amount of water in the body's cells, and oxytocin, which causes the uterus to contract during childbirth and lactation to begin. (medscape.com)
- Oxytocics used clinically include the neurohypophyseal hormone OXYTOCIN and certain prostaglandins and ergot alkaloids. (lookformedical.com)
- The neurons that extend into the posterior pituitary produce either the hormone arginine vasopressin (abbreviated AVP) or the hormone oxytocin. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Produce hormones1
- The adenohypophysis contains a number of different cell types that produce hormones. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
Different hormones1
- Time and spatially controlled transcription factors, signal molecules, and an array of different hormones are involved in the development of sex characteristics, and variations in their pathways and actions are associated with DSD. (e-apem.org)
Testicular2
- In the next period, called sex determination (lasting from approximately 6 to 8 weeks of gestation), the bipotent gonadal anlagen eventually develops into ovarian or testicular cells. (e-apem.org)
- Therefore, it appears evident that the assessment of gonadal function and the definition of male hypogonadism should rely on the understanding of normal testicular physiology resulting from the integrated function of the tubular and interstitial compartments, and its developmental changes from fetal life through maturity [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Follicular1
- With the concomitant rise in inhibin B, FSH levels then decline in the late follicular phase. (wikidoc.org)
Calcitonin1
- It acts to increase the concentration of calcium (Ca 2+ ) in the blood , whereas calcitonin (a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid gland ) acts to decrease calcium concentration. (bionity.com)
Receptors2
- Hormones bind selectively to receptors located inside or on the surface of target cells. (msdmanuals.com)
- Hyperinsulinism decreases: the number of insuin receptors, insulin-like factor receptors, insulin-like growth factor binding globulin-1 and sex hormone binding globulin. (gremjournal.com)
Levels7
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) abnormalities are divided into 2 major groups (low and high), depending on FSH levels. (medscape.com)
- 2000) Serum inhibin B levels in males with gonadal dysfunction. (cdc.gov)
- In 1902, Balysis and Startling extracted and identified the first hormone secretin (secreted by cells in the intestinal mucosa), and, in 1927, McGee isolated and purified substances that were androgenic in small amounts (microgram levels). (medscape.com)
- In general, androgens are considered "male sex hormones", since they have masculinizing effects, while estrogens and progestogens are considered "female sex hormones" although all types are present in each sex, albeit at different levels. (illnesshacker.com)
- Grgurevic N, Koracin J, Majdic G , Snoj T.: Effect of dietary estrogens from bovine milk on blood hormone levels and reproductive organs in mice. (arnes.si)
- Thyroid stimulating hormone is released in low-amplitude pulses following a diurnal rhythm (the highest levels reached during the night). (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- Reference ranges for the blood content of follicle-stimulating hormone levels during the menstrual cycle . (wikidoc.org)
Puberty2
- Enough of the hormone that plays a key role in masculine growth and development during puberty (testosterone) or enough sperm or both. (upperecheloncoaching.com)
- Evaluating the four most important salivary sex steroids during male puberty: testosterone best characterizes pubertal development. (upperecheloncoaching.com)
ESTROUS CYCLE1
- oestrogens or œstrogens ) are a group of steroid compounds, named for their importance in the estrous cycle , and functioning as the primary female sex hormone . (wikidoc.org)
Endogenous1
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) comprise a diverse group of naturally occurring and synthetic compounds that mimic and interfere with the endogenous chemical hormones. (intechopen.com)
Males2
- Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. (upperecheloncoaching.com)
- The development of the gonadal and reproductive tract (uterus and vagina in females, and seminal vesicles, prostate glands, and penis in males) starts around E10.5 in mice, and they are almost completely developed at birth. (lidsen.com)
Beta subunit1
- LH and FSH are heterodimers composed of a common alpha subunit (CGA) and a unique beta subunit (LHB or FSHB) that provides hormone specificity (25). (immune-source.com)
Estrogens2
- Other contexts will include progestogens as a third class of sex steroids, distinct from androgens and estrogens. (illnesshacker.com)
- Unlike estrogens produced by mammals, these substances are not necessarily steroids . (wikidoc.org)
Growth3
- In inhibin-alpha/Simian Virus 40 T antigen (SV40Tag) (inh alpha/Tag) mice, gonadectomy-induced (OVX) elevated LH triggers the growth of transcription factor GATA4 (GATA4)-positive adrenocortical tumors in a hyperplasia-adenoma-adenocarcinoma sequence. (abo.fi)
- Growth hormone exerts its actions on many tissues. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- The main role of this hormone, as its name would suggest, is the promotion of linear growth in a variety of tissues. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
Differentiation1
- Brain sex differentiation - are sex hormones the only answer? (arnes.si)
Bloodstream2
- The main role of TSH is to stimulate the thyroid gland to release two of its own hormones into the bloodstream. (endocrinesurgeon.co.uk)
- The endocrine system coordinates functioning between different organs through hormones, which are chemicals released into the bloodstream from specific types of cells within endocrine (ductless) glands. (msdmanuals.com)
Anti-Mulleri1
- 2011) A multicentre evaluation of the new Beckman Coulter anti-Mullerian hormone immunoassay (AMH Gen II). (cdc.gov)
Concentrations2
- Within the 2001-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) and inhibin B concentrations among men were measured to evaluate variation by age and race/ethnicity. (cdc.gov)
- In patients with abnormal testes, median pre-LHRH (luteinising hormone releasing hormone) concentrations of LH and FSH were 2 and 6.4 U/l, respectively, and post-LHRH concentrations were 21 and 28 U/l. (bmj.com)
Selectively1
- Inhibin also has a negative feedback on FSH selectively. (medscape.com)
Function2
- In the absence of pregnancy and diminishing trophic hormones, the corpus luteum undergoes luteolysis which is characterized by the involution and cessation of its endocrine function. (lookformedical.com)
- Once in circulation, hormones affect function of the target tissues, which may be another endocrine gland or an end organ. (msdmanuals.com)
Development2
- Okay, now based on their initial presentation, both Clay and Jessie seem to have some form of disorder of sexual development and sex hormones . (osmosis.org)
- However, it is also possible that such genetic defects result in a smaller complement of oocytes during gonadal development. (ldysinger.com)