Influenza dogs viruses and infection. Medical search. Frequent questions

The often close contact between dogs and humans raises questions about the zoonotic potential and the role of dogs in transmission and adaptation of influenza virus (H5N1) to mammals. (cdc.gov)
usually refers to influenza A virus found chiefly in birds, but infections can occur in humans. (cdc.gov)
Can canine influenza infect humans? (campbowwow.com)
However, influenza viruses are constantly changing and it is possible for a virus to change so that it could infect humans and spread easily. (campbowwow.com)
For this reason, the CDC is monitoring the canine influenza viruses closely but in general they are considered to pose a low threat to humans. (campbowwow.com)
Colin Parrish] So, the canine influenza is a different strain from the virus that infects humans. (cdc.gov)
The ancestral hosts for influenza A viruses are aquatic birds, however, it has also been established in some mammals, such as humans and pigs. (health.gov.au)
The natural host for types B and C is humans, although influenza C has been isolated from pigs. (health.gov.au)
Currently, there is concern that the avian A(H5N1) virus that has infected and killed millions of poultry in many countries will undergo such changes or naturally mutate to make it easily transmissible in humans and hence trigger a pandemic. (health.gov.au)
The disease situation in the dog is very different from that in humans, which makes matters even more confused. (marvistavet.com)
If BPL-1357 is found to protect humans from various influenza strains, it may protect individuals from the seasonal flu as well as future emerging strains transmitted from animals, Gizmodo reports. (smithsonianmag.com)
Because of their large population and intimacy with humans, dogs could act as such an intermedia host. (flu.org.cn)
A pandemic occurs when an influenza virus emerges that most people do not have immunity from because it is so different from any previous strain in humans. (who.int)
Neither strain of canine influenza has been found to infect humans. (whole-dog-journal.com)
Viruses are also transmitted between pigs and humans, and from poultry to humans. (powershow.com)
Currently, there isn't any evidence that canine influenza is contagious to humans. (craigrd.com)
One of the big questions dog owners have is whether humans can pass the flu to dogs and vice versa. (petswelcome.com)
On the other side of the coin, there are no reported cases of dogs passing canine influenza to humans. (petswelcome.com)
However, like the vaccination for humans, the canine vaccination does not guarantee your dog will not get the flu. (petswelcome.com)
Influenza A viruses are endemic (can infect and regularly transmit) in 6 animal species or groups (wild waterfowl, domestic poultry, swine, horses, dogs, and bats) in addition to humans. (cdc.gov)
Influenza A virus subtypes currently endemic in humans are H3N2 and H1N1 viruses. (cdc.gov)
Examples of different influenza A virus subtypes currently endemic in animals include H1N1 and H3N2 in pigs (different strains than those found in humans), H3N8 in horses, H3N2 in dogs, and H5N1 in wild water birds and domestic poultry. (cdc.gov)
However, in 1998, H3N2 viruses from humans were introduced into the pig population and caused widespread disease among pigs. (cdc.gov)
The resulting new virus might then be able to infect humans and spread easily from person to person, but it could have surface proteins (hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase) different than those currently found in influenza viruses that routinely circulate in humans-this could make it seem like a "new" influenza virus to people, one that had not been encountered before. (cdc.gov)
Antigenic shift results when a new influenza A virus subtype against which most people have little or no immune protection infects humans. (cdc.gov)
While a "shift" of this kind has not occurred in relation to avian influenza viruses, such a "shift" occurred in the spring of 2009 when an H1N1 virus with genes from North American Swine, Eurasian Swine, humans and birds emerged to infect people and quickly spread, causing a pandemic. (cdc.gov)
Influenza A viruses with a hemagglutinin against which humans have little or no immunity that have reassorted with a human influenza virus are more likely to result in sustained human-to-human transmission and have pandemic potential. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, careful evaluation of influenza A viruses recovered from humans and animals that are infected with avian influenza A viruses is important to identify genetic reassortment if it occurs. (cdc.gov)
There is no evidence that canine influenza can be passed to humans. (goodnewsforpets.com)
There are three different types of influenza virus - A, B, and C. Type A viruses infect humans and several types of animals, including birds, pigs, and horses. (bcm.edu)
Type B influenza is normally found only in humans, and type C is mostly found in humans, but has also been found in pigs and dogs. (bcm.edu)
Birds are the reservoirs of all influenza virus variants, pigs are susceptible to both human and bird flu viruses and can act as a 'mixing vessel,' and humans are the species we're ultimately most concerned about. (wormsandgermsblog.com)
Discover how animal viruses are transmitted between animals and humans, and learn more about the diseases they produce. (futurelearn.com)
As with flu infections in humans, there is more than one strain of virus, the virus can mutate rapidly and spread from one species to another, like bird flu and swine flu, and vaccination won't be effective unless it is specific for that particular strain of flu. (bestfriendsvet.com)
As flu season approaches, people who get sick may not realize they can pass the flu not only to other humans, but possibly to other animals, including pets such as cats, dogs and ferrets. (sciencedaily.com)
Since then, researchers have identified a total of 13 cats and one dog with pandemic H1N1 infection in 2011 and 2012 that appeared to have come from humans. (sciencedaily.com)
It's unknown if an infected cat or other pet could pass influenza back to humans. (sciencedaily.com)
Swine influenza A viruses, including subtypes H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2, are prominent among pigs and sporadically transmit to humans. (medindia.net)
The symptoms in dogs are very similar to those seen in humans, such as fatigue, cough, sneezing, and a drippy nose. (areflect.com)
In future, the flu can spread between humans and dogs. (areflect.com)
Quantifying within-host diversity of H5N1 influenza viruses in humans and poultry in Cambodia. (cdc.gov)
The infection presents symptoms quite similar to the common cold in humans. (petsbubble.com)
Bordetella bronchiseptica is one of the most common bacteria that cause the infection and is related to Bordetella pertussis which causes whooping cough in humans. (petsbubble.com)
While the canine influenza virus cannot infect humans, it is very contagious among dogs. (petsbubble.com)
1 Numerous outbreaks of influenza A(H5N1) viruses have occurred, with limited transmission to humans and as of yet unclear potential for sustained human-to-human transmission. (who.int)
Avian influenza (H5N1) is rare in humans in developed countries (see the image below). (medscape.com)

There is a vaccine available for both the H3N2 and H3N8 strains of canine influenza. (whole-dog-journal.com)
Currently there are two known strains of canine influenza, also known as The Dog Flu, which have now been identified in the United States. (craigrd.com)
Starting in January 2017 at Craig Road Animal Hospital we will start recommending that dogs are who are boarding are vaccinated for both strains of canine influenza. (craigrd.com)
There are two strains of canine influenza, H3N8 and H3N2. (petswelcome.com)

A sudden increase in the incidence of childhood narcolepsy was observed after vaccination with AS03-adjuvanted Pandemrix influenza vaccine in Finland at the beginning of 2010. (plos.org)
Here, we analysed whether the coinciding influenza A H1N1pdm pandemic contributed, together with the Pandemrix vaccination, to the increased incidence of childhood narcolepsy in 2010. (plos.org)
Based on our findings, it is unlikely that H1N1pdm09 virus infection contributed to a sudden increase in the incidence of childhood narcolepsy observed in Finland in 2010 after AS03-adjuvanted Pandemrix vaccination. (plos.org)
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for people who are at increased risk of complications from the disease, such as those aged 65 years or older, and people with conditions such as cardiovascular disease and lung conditions which predispose them to severe influenza, and others with impaired immunity. (health.gov.au)
This virus forms the basis of regular feline vaccination, and represents one of the most classical diseases in feline practice. (marvistavet.com)
What is the infection that ultimately formed the very basis of regular canine vaccination? (marvistavet.com)
There is a canine flu vaccination, but it may not be appropriate for all dogs. (ncagr.gov)
Another disease for which you should consider vaccination is canine flu. (dvgrr.org)
Vaccination for canine influenza doesn't prevent dogs from becoming infected, but rather decreases the severity and duration of illness. (craigrd.com)
No matter what you decide, if you are considering the vaccination for your dog, it's important to talk to the person you trust most with regard to your pet's health-your own veterinarian. (petswelcome.com)
Vaccination for the older H3N8 strain of canine influenza does not protect against H3N2. (bestfriendsvet.com)
Lion Country Supply sells the Bronchicine CAe Kennel Cough Vaccine , which is licensed for the vaccination of healthy dogs 8 weeks of age or older as an aid in the control of canine infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica. (lcsupply.com)
The Vanguard B (IN) contains an avirulent live culture of Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) for intranasal (IN) vaccination of healthy dogs and puppies at least 3 weeks of age or older as an aid in preventing kennel cough (canine infectious tracheobronchitis) caused by B. bronchiseptica. (lcsupply.com)
Bordetella vaccination will protect them from the parainfluenza virus, distemper, adenovirus, B ordetella bronchiseptica , and influenza. (petsbubble.com)
This year, for the first time, healthcare professionals in France are invited to offer influenza vaccination to all children. (medscape.com)
In addition to vaccination, other public health measures are also effective in limiting influenza transmission in closed environments. (medscape.com)
She is also a subject matter expert for CDC Influenza Vaccination Policy. (cdc.gov)
So I'm going to run through a brief update on what's new in the ACIP influenza vaccination recommendations for this season 2016-2017. (cdc.gov)

The H1N1 virus that caused that pandemic is now a regular human flu virus and continues to circulate seasonally worldwide. (cdc.gov)
MDCK cells were used for the propagation of influenza virus H1N1 (A/WSN/33), H9N1 (1P10), and H9N1 (1WF10). (cdc.gov)
In 2006, 657 influenza isolates from Australia were antigenically analysed: 402 were A(H3N2), 24 were A(H1N1) and 231 were influenza B viruses. (health.gov.au)
Continued antigenic drift was seen with the A(H3N2) viruses from the previous reference strains (A/California/7/2004 and A/New York/55/2004) and drift was also noted in some of the A(H1N1) strains from the reference/vaccine strain A/New Caledonia/20/99, although very few A(H1N1) viruses were isolated in Australia in 2006. (health.gov.au)
We investigated the expression of miRNAs with diverse functions including proliferation (miR-20a), differentiation (miR-22) or innate/adaptive immune responses (miR-132) in primary bronchial epithelial cells (pBECs) of asthmatics following infection with the H1N1 strain of IAV. (biomedcentral.com)
For the 2016-2017 northern hemisphere influenza season, the vaccine formulation was updated in February 2016 to contain two types, A viruses (H1N1 and H3N2), and a type B virus. (who.int)
and once a pandemic virus has been established, as with the pandemic A(H1N1) in 2009, it can become a seasonal virus. (who.int)
For example, until 1998, only H1N1 viruses circulated widely in the U.S. pig population. (cdc.gov)
The novel virus, commonly called swine flu, is named influenza A (H1N1). (bcm.edu)
Fortunately, however, H1N1 is far less deadly than the H5N1 virus. (bcm.edu)
In only a few short weeks after emerging in North America, the new H1N1 virus reached around the world. (bcm.edu)
Although the 2009 H1N1 pandemic did not turn out to be as deadly as initially feared, the next pandemic flu virus could emerge at any time, and we must remain vigilant. (bcm.edu)
Hopefully, the knowledge gained in response to the H5N1 and 2009 H1N1 outbreaks, and continued research to more completely understand influenza virus, as well as improvements in vaccine and drug development, will enable us to minimize the effects of future influenza outbreaks. (bcm.edu)
It's well known that new strains of influenza can evolve from animal populations such as pigs and birds and ultimately move into human populations, including the most recent influenza pandemic strain, H1N1. (sciencedaily.com)
The first recorded, probable case of fatal human-to-cat transmission of the pandemic H1N1 flu virus occurred in Oregon in 2009, Loehr said. (sciencedaily.com)
While she was still in the hospital, her cat -- an indoor cat with no exposure to other sick people, homes or wildlife -- also died of pneumonia caused by an H1N1 infection. (sciencedaily.com)
In addition, the predominant influenza virus subtype was an H3N2, in contrast to dominance by H1N1 subtypes in recent past years. (medscape.com)

The highly contagious equine influenza A virus subtype H3N8 was found to have been the cause of Greyhound race dog fatalities from a respiratory illness at a Florida racetrack in January 2004. (wikipedia.org)
Instead, paired serum samples from patients, who suffered from a laboratory confirmed H1N1pdm09 infection, showed high levels or diagnostic rises (96%) in H1N1pdm virus NS1-specific antibodies and very high cross-reactivity to H3N2 subtype influenza A virus NS1 protein. (plos.org)
RIDTs that provide results on type of influenza virus (e.g. influenza A or B virus), do not provide information on influenza A virus subtype (e.g. (cdc.gov)
Dogs involved the most recent outbreak were originally thought to have H3N8, but testing identified a new subtype, H3N2. (craigrd.com)
So, for example, a virus with version 1 of the HA protein and version 2 of the NA protein would be called influenza A subtype H1N2 (A H1N2, for short). (bcm.edu)
According to CDC, in 2004 the H3N8 subtype jumped from horses to dogs, and in 2007 the H3N2 subtype jumped from birds to dogs. (areflect.com)

Samples from dogs with respiratory disease will be tested for both H3N8 and H3N2-specific antibodies. (cornell.edu)
There is an approved vaccine to protect dogs against H3N8 and H3N2. (campbowwow.com)
As with Leptospirosis, vaccines are available for both H3N8 and H3N2 canine influenza, with one available for protection against both strains. (dvgrr.org)
Canine Influenza (Flu) Canine influenza is spread by dog-to-dog by aerosolization of two strains of the canine influenza virus (H3N8 and H3N2), as well as by contaminated objects and fomites. (merckvetmanual.com)

Experiments that exposed influenza virus (H5N1)-infected cats to susceptible dogs did not result in intraspecies or interspecies transmission. (cdc.gov)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus (H5N1) has spread across Asia, Europe, and Africa. (cdc.gov)
Experiments were performed on 2 groups of animals housed in different rooms in the high-containment animal facility (Biosafety Level 3+) at the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut using the highly pathogenic influenza virus (H5N1) strain A/cat/Germany/R606/2006 ( 2 , 9 ). (cdc.gov)
H5N1 (avian influenza) was also shown to cause death in one dog in Thailand, following ingestion of an infected duck. (wikipedia.org)
More recently, H5N1 viruses from birds have caused sporadic infections in wild foxes in the U.S. and in other countries. (cdc.gov)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) is endemic in poultry in Viet Nam. (who.int)
The country has experienced the third highest number of human infections with influenza A(H5N1) in the world. (who.int)
A study in Hanoi in 2001, before the epizootic that was identified in 2003, found influenza A(H5N1) specific antibodies in 4% of poultry market workers (PMWs). (who.int)
We conducted a seroprevalence survey to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to influenza A(H5N1) among PMWs in Hanoi, Thaibinh and Thanhhoa provinces. (who.int)
These were then tested using a horse haemagglutination inhibition assay and a microneutralization assay with all three clades of influenza A(H5N1) viruses that have circulated in Viet Nam since 2004. (who.int)
The continued circulation and evolution of influenza A(H5N1) requires comprehensive surveillance of both human and animal sites throughout the country with follow-up studies on PMWs to estimate the risk of avian-human transmission of influenza A(H5N1) in Viet Nam. (who.int)
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses re-emerged in south-eastern Asia in 2003, and these viruses continue to circulate widely among domestic poultry in the region. (who.int)
However, the continuing evolution and genetic diversification of influenza A(H5N1) viruses is worrying since as few as four amino acid changes are necessary to render the viruses transmissible between ferrets, reinforcing the ongoing pandemic threat from these viruses. (who.int)
In Viet Nam, as of July 2014, there have been 127 human cases of influenza A(H5N1) infection with 63 deaths. (who.int)
Since the influenza A(H5N1) epizootic first began in Viet Nam in 2003, three main clades have circulated and been associated with human infections (clades 1, 2.3.4 and 2.3.2.1). (who.int)
1,5 Contact with sick or dead poultry has been consistently identified as a risk factor for human influenza A(H5N1) infection, and live poultry markets have been shown to be important locations for amplifying influenza A(H5N1) virus transmission. (who.int)
6,7 An antibody seroprevalence study conducted among 200 poultry market workers (PMWs) in Hanoi in 2001 detected antibodies against influenza A(H5N1) virus in 4% of subjects, 8 suggesting that there were human infections with influenza A(H5N1) before the first case was officially confirmed. (who.int)
9-11 Similarly, seroprevalence studies have been conducted in Thailand, Cambodia and Indonesia as part of comprehensive outbreak investigations to evaluate key clinical, epidemiological and serological aspects related to human influenza A(H5N1) infections. (who.int)
To assess if exposure to influenza A(H5N1) viruses among PMWs has changed over this period, we conducted a seroprevalence study among PMWs in three provinces of northern Viet Nam in 2011. (who.int)
Live poultry markets were eligible if their regular number of poultry sellers exceeded 100 individuals and they were located in a large city with a history of laboratory-confirmed cases of human influenza A(H5N1) infection. (who.int)
The FDA has approved a vaccine for H5N1 influenza. (medscape.com)
This paper, and the accompanying Diagram, describe many aspects of the influenza vaccine process including important similarities and differences in how seasonal human influenza viruses and H5N1 viruses are handled. (who.int)
Before 2004, GISN primarily focused on seasonal influenza viruses for vaccine development but since 2004, has expanded its scope to include H5N1 viruses because this virus constitutes an unusually serious pandemic risk. (who.int)
Therefore, WHO now reviews the available antigenic and genetic data on animal and human H5N1 viruses in addition to the analyses of seasonal vaccine stains and has developed and made H5N1 candidate vaccine viruses available to vaccine producers so they can work on developing safe and effective human H5N1 vaccines for potential productioni. (who.int)
Some of these H5N1 candidate vaccine viruses have been used by manufacturers to produce human influenza H5N1 vaccines, some of which have been tested in clinical trials. (who.int)

This is the main reason why seasonal influenza epidemics occur and vaccines need to be regularly updated. (health.gov.au)
This is very different than nearly all other vaccines for influenza or other respiratory viruses, which focus on inducing immunity to a single viral antigen and often do not induce mucosal immunity. (smithsonianmag.com)
The phase I trials allow researchers to see if the vaccine can induce a wide and durable response against the flu virus in people, per Gizmodo , as opposed to the often incomplete protection offered by traditional vaccines that need to be received every year . (smithsonianmag.com)
Influenza vaccines that can provide long-lasting protection against a wide range of seasonal influenza viruses, as well as those with pandemic potential, would be invaluable public health tools," says NIAID director Anthony S. Fauci in a statement. (smithsonianmag.com)
Vaccines, whether for canines or human, can be the source of ongoing debate, and some veterinarians have reduced the number of diseases for which they vaccinate. (dvgrr.org)
What is the evidence that influenza vaccines are effective? (lpmhealthcare.com)
A: The first vaccine for H3N8 canine influenza was approved in 2009, and there are several H3N8 canine Influenza vaccines available. (nilesanimalhospital.com)
There are no approved antiviral drugs or recommended vaccines to treat or prevent FCoV infection. (bvsalud.org)
Among all vaccines, however, the process of making influenza vaccines is considered uniquely complicated and difficult. (who.int)
Since 1971, WHO has provided formal recommendations for the composition of seasonal influenza vaccines based on the information provided by the GISN. (who.int)
Since the development and production of influenza vaccines requires several months, these recommendations precede the period of anticipated use by up to eight months. (who.int)
The results of that data examination in turn allow these experts to select candidate vaccine viruses that might be included -- if they pass additional testing -- in the following season's vaccines. (who.int)
There are now vaccines to protect against malaria, dengue and Ebola virus disease, and promising vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus, tuberculosis and all influenza virus strains are in the pipeline. (who.int)

Although the natural hosts of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are wild birds, multiple subtypes of AIVs have established epidemics in numerous mammals due to their cross-species spillover. (flu.org.cn)
The Epidemiology, Virology, and Pathogenicity of Human Infections with Avian Influenza Viruses. (cdc.gov)

You've heard of flu outbreaks making people sick, but they can happen to dogs, too. (webmd.com)
There have been a couple of other outbreaks that arose from that introduction, what we call the sort of Chicago virus. (cdc.gov)
So, although generally they're sort of localized and you have these localized outbreaks, you know, in certain occasions the viruses can spread long distances. (cdc.gov)
4 Influenza C is more like the common cold in its effect, being less severe than influenza A or B. 5 Influenza types A and B are responsible for major outbreaks. (health.gov.au)
RIDTs can be useful to identify influenza virus infection as a cause of respiratory outbreaks in any setting, but especially in institutions (i.e., nursing homes, chronic care facilities, and hospitals), cruise ships, summer camps, schools, etc. (cdc.gov)
Positive RIDT results from one or more ill persons with suspected influenza can support decisions to promptly implement prevention and control measures for influenza outbreaks. (cdc.gov)
Seasonal influenza outbreaks are caused by small changes in viruses that have already circulated, and to which many people have some immunity. (who.int)
Outbreaks of dog flu occur when the virus infects naïve dogs. (craigrd.com)
Although it is unusual for people to get influenza A virus infections directly from animals, sporadic human infections and outbreaks caused by certain avian influenza A viruses and swine influenza A viruses have been reported. (cdc.gov)
Regional outbreaks (e.g. of Ebola virus disease), the COVID-19 pandemic and the threat of future pandemics (such as with a novel flu strain) have and will continue to strain even the most resilient health systems. (who.int)

The presence of an upper respiratory tract infection in a dog that has been vaccinated for the other major causes of kennel cough increases suspicion of infection with canine influenza, especially in areas where the disease has been documented. (wikipedia.org)
In fact, it doesn't require a large number: exposure to one other dog with kennel cough is all it takes. (marvistavet.com)
Canine influenza is one of several viruses that cause canine infectious respiratory disease complex (kennel cough). (whole-dog-journal.com)
Kennel cough should be suspected whenever the characteristic cough suddenly develops 5-10 days after exposure to other susceptible or affected dogs. (merckvetmanual.com)
About 50-80% of infected dogs have symptoms of mild kennel cough, this includes sneezing, a runny nose, eye discharge, and a cough-like sound made by some dogs, especially small ones, which is called a reverse sneeze. (craigrd.com)
Typically, respiratory issues in dogs are tested for and traced back to 'kennel cough' or canine influenza, which saw an outbreak in Chicago and then in Colorado Springs years ago. (flutrackers.com)
The symptoms resemble kennel cough or bordatella and only your vet can diagnose if it is canine influenza or something else. (petswelcome.com)
In addition to the canine influenza virus A, this PCR test also is used to detect other infectious diseases in dogs, including Bordetella bronchiseptica, distemper, adenovirus type 2, herpesvirus, and parainfluenza virus, all of which are causes of "kennel cough" in dogs.UC Davis is making it available to veterinarians for $48 per sample for canine influenza alone or $75 per sample for a complete panel of dog respiratory diseases. (goodnewsforpets.com)
The signs are similar to kennel cough, caused most commonly by Bordeletella bronchiseptica or parainfluenza virus, and canine flu is frequently misdiagnosed as such. (bestfriendsvet.com)
Kennel cough caused by Bordetella or parainfluenza is much more common than CIV infection. (bestfriendsvet.com)
This could be a sign that they might have a case of kennel cough, or canine infectious tracheobronchitis. (lcsupply.com)
In this article, we will break down everything you need to know about kennel cough, the causes and symptoms to watch out for, how to treat it, and how to prevent your dog(s) from getting kennel cough. (lcsupply.com)
Like most infections, kennel cough starts with the dog inhaling bacteria into their respiratory tract. (lcsupply.com)
If you dog is infected with kennel cough, make sure he or she has good hydration, plenty of rest, and nutrition. (lcsupply.com)
In most cases, the infection of kennel cough will naturally be resolved without the need for medical treatment, but medications may speed up the recovery, reduce symptoms, and stress of the dog. (lcsupply.com)
Most dogs with kennel cough recover in three weeks. (lcsupply.com)
To protect your dog against getting kennel cough, it is highly recommended to have your dog vaccinated using a kennel cough vaccine, such as the Bronchicine CAe Kennel Cough vaccine. (lcsupply.com)
Similar to the human influenza vaccine, kennel cough vaccine is not a guarantee of protection because kennel cough can be caused by several different bacteria and viruses. (lcsupply.com)
Having your dog being vaccinated against Bordetella bronchiseptia and canine parainfluenza virus can also reduce your dog's chances of contracting kennel cough. (lcsupply.com)
It is recommended to prevent exposure to dogs with current kennel cough infections. (lcsupply.com)
Some dogs have a dry cough similar to the traditional "kennel cough" caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica/parainfluenza virus complex. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

This was partially due to increased human travel and reopened offices following the relaxation of COVID-19 pandemic public health measures, leading to large numbers of dogs being placed together in kennels and doggy day care centers. (wikipedia.org)
Influenza pandemic occurs when a new influenza virus emerges and spreads around the world, and most people do not have immunity. (who.int)
For example, both seasonal and pandemic influenza can cause infections in all age groups, and most cases will result in self-limited illness in which the person recovers fully without treatment. (who.int)
For both seasonal and pandemic influenza, the total number of people who get severely ill can vary. (who.int)
Is seasonal influenza linked to pandemic flu? (who.int)
What is pandemic influenza? (who.int)
If this new influenza A virus causes illness in people and is transmitted easily from person to person in a sustained manner, an influenza pandemic can occur. (cdc.gov)
Every few decades or so, a new version of the influenza virus emerges in the human population that causes a serious global outbreak of disease called a pandemic . (bcm.edu)
To date, the avian flu virus has not acquired to ability to spread easily from person to person - a necessary step in order for a virus to cause a pandemic. (bcm.edu)
Another reason is that the rapid spread of these viruses during seasonal epidemics, as well as the occasional pandemic, means that each step in the vaccine process must be completed within very tight time frames if vaccine is to be manufactured and delivered in time. (who.int)

This panel includes canine adenovirus, canine distemper virus, canine parainfluenza virus, canine respiratory coronavirus, canine pneumovirus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Mycoplasma cynos along with Influenza Virus Matrix PCR. (cornell.edu)

Dogs with the more severe form may have a high fever and pneumonia. (wikipedia.org)
Pneumonia in these dogs is not caused by the influenza virus, but by secondary bacterial infections. (wikipedia.org)
The fatality rate of dogs that develop pneumonia secondary to canine influenza can reach 50% if not given proper treatment. (wikipedia.org)
Necropsies in dogs that die from the disease have revealed severe hemorrhagic pneumonia and evidence of vasculitis. (wikipedia.org)
The severity of illness associated with canine flu in dogs can range from no signs to severe illness resulting in pneumonia and sometimes death. (campbowwow.com)
However, secondary bacterial infections can develop, and may cause more severe illness and pneumonia. (ncagr.gov)
Lethargy and fever may also be symptoms, and dogs most severely affected show signs similar to pneumonia (high fever and increased respiratory rate and effort). (dvgrr.org)
However, some dogs progress to pneumonia, which is usually due to secondary bacterial infections. (bestfriendsvet.com)
While the death rate for canine influenza is very low, the secondary pneumonia can be life-threatening in some cases. (bestfriendsvet.com)
If the infection is not resolved within this timespan, it can potentially lead to life-threatening pneumonia. (lcsupply.com)
Severe cases of infection result in potentially fatal pneumonia. (petsbubble.com)
Two clinical syndromes have been seen in dogs infected with the canine influenza virus-a mild form of the disease and a more severe form that is accompanied by pneumonia. (nilesanimalhospital.com)
severe form - Dogs with the severe form of canine influenza develop high fevers (104ºF to 106ºF) and have clinical signs of pneumonia, such as increased respiratory rates and effort. (nilesanimalhospital.com)
Pneumonia may be due to a secondary bacterial infection. (nilesanimalhospital.com)
The course of treatment depends on your pet's condition, including the presence or absence of a secondary bacterial infection, pneumonia, dehydration, or other medical issues (e.g., pregnancy, pre-existing respiratory disease, compromised immune system, etc. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

The antimicrobial peptide, β-defensin-1, has antiviral activity against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. (cdc.gov)
In contrast, wogonin treatment following influenza A virus infection led to up-regulation of interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral signaling. (elis.sk)
Therefore, antiviral treatment should not be withheld from patients with suspected influenza, even if they test negative. (cdc.gov)
Antiviral drugs for influenza can reduce severe complications and deaths although influenza viruses can develop resistance to the drugs. (who.int)
I'm interested in how viruses engage with these pathways with respect to cellular antiviral immunity, to develop novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. (gla.ac.uk)
Introduction Myxovirus resistance protein 1 (Mx1) is a type I/III interferons-induced protein conferring the hosts an antiviral property against several viruses. (edu.vn)
At the conclusion of today's session, the participant will be able to describe strategies to prepare for the 2016-2017 influenza season, identify key recommendations in the AAP influenza policy statement, discuss vaccine effectiveness, clarify recommendations related to live, attenuated influenza vaccine, explain the importance of antiviral medications in the control of influenza, discuss flu vaccine in egg allergic children. (cdc.gov)

To monitor the epidemiology of canine influenza viruses (CIVs) in Liaoning, China, we performed three surveillances in November 2018, March 2019, and April 2019. (flu.org.cn)
As an Honorary Consultant in Infectious Diseases, my research focuses on the epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the UK and sub-Saharan Africa including COVID-19. (gla.ac.uk)
The information provided by GISN through its participating institutions has identified new influenza threats, substantially helped define the epidemiology of influenza and the molecular evolution of the viruses, and formed the basis for selecting new influenza vaccine strains and for updating diagnostic tests. (who.int)

There are two different types of influenza A dog viruses: one is an H3N8 virus and the other is H3N2 virus. (campbowwow.com)
Cats and ferrets are susceptible to many different types of influenza viruses, and are good species to look at when figuring out if a virus can spread to other domestic animals. (wormsandgermsblog.com)

Testing for antibodies specific for influenza virus is generally done using the standard influenza virus test of hemagglutination inhibition (HI). (cornell.edu)
Antibodies to CIV develop rapidly and by 10 days post infection there is a significant antibody titer. (cornell.edu)
The ADHC at Cornell offers serologic assays that detect antibodies to the H3N2 virus and to the H3N8 virus. (cornell.edu)
Antibodies to HA neutralize virus. (powershow.com)
The drawback of such blood tests is that they cannot detect the disease until the dog begins to produce sufficient antibodies to the virus, which may be several days after symptoms appear. (goodnewsforpets.com)
To date, antibodies to canine influenza virus have been detected in dogs in animal shelters, adoption groups, pet stores, boarding kennels and veterinary clinics in 19 states. (goodnewsforpets.com)
Ferrets did not develop disease after exposure to an infected ferret but 2/3 developed antibodies against CIV, meaning the virus had been transmitted, but not able to cause disease. (wormsandgermsblog.com)

is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that is common in the Northern Hemisphere in the fall and winter months each year. (cdc.gov)
As is the case with all influenza viruses, there is the opportunity for changes in the virus that could affect transmission rates and increase or decrease the ability of the virus to cause respiratory illness. (cornell.edu)
In 2004, however, cases of an unknown respiratory illness in dogs (initially greyhounds) were reported in the US. (campbowwow.com)
An investigation showed that this respiratory illness was caused by the equine influenza A H3N8 virus. (campbowwow.com)
Amantadine is also known to be effective against canine influenza, a highly contagious respiratory illness that affects dogs. (villagecountryinn.com)
Flu, or influenza, is a contagious respiratory illness that spreads from person to person through the air via coughs or sneezes or through contact with infected surfaces. (bcm.edu)

Canine influenza is caused by varieties of influenzavirus A, such as equine influenza virus H3N8, which was discovered to cause disease in canines in 2004. (wikipedia.org)
This virus is a genetic variant of the H3N8 equine influenza virus that gained the ability to infect dogs. (cornell.edu)
The canine influenza virus (CIV) is closely related to the virus that causes equine influenza and it is thought that the equine influenza virus mutated to produce the canine influenza virus. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

There are two viruses in this family that can cause canine influenza: H3N2 and H3N8. (whole-dog-journal.com)
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the two influenza A viruses, H3N2 and H3N8, that cause dog flu. (areflect.com)

Canine reoviruses (types 1, 2, and 3), canine herpesvirus, and canine adenovirus 1 (CAV-1) are of questionable significance in this syndrome. (merckvetmanual.com)
The 'A' is for Adenovirus, which is also known as Canine Infectious Hepatitis. (animalhospitalofti.com)

In solid organ transplant recipients with donor-derived infection (DDI), LCMV has been shown to cause severe illness characterized by multisystem organ failure. (medscape.com)
7 days should be tested for CIV by an antibody test as the virus itself is often undetectable in later stages of illness, as is true for most respiratory viral infections. (cornell.edu)
Scientists believe this virus jumped species and has adapted to cause illness in dogs and spread among dogs, especially those housed in kennels and shelters. (campbowwow.com)
The signs of this illness in dogs are cough, runny nose, and fever, but not all dogs will show signs of illness. (campbowwow.com)
Some dogs have asymptomatic infections (no signs of illness), while some have severe infections. (campbowwow.com)
Almost all dogs are susceptible to canine flu infection, and illness tends to spread among dogs housed in kennels and shelters. (campbowwow.com)
But canine influenza "can cause more serious illness than the average respiratory infection," says Cynda Crawford, DVM, PhD, of the University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine. (webmd.com)
Influenza surveillance in Australia is based on laboratory isolation of influenza viruses, sentinel general practitioner reports of influenza-like illness, and absenteeism data from a major national employer. (health.gov.au)
Reports of influenza-like illness from sentinel general practitioners showed a slow but steady increase throughout the first half of the year to peak in late August. (health.gov.au)
Time from illness onset to collection of respiratory specimens for testing o Testing specimens collected within 48-72 hours of illness onset (when influenza viral shedding is highest) is more likely to yield positive RIDT results. (cdc.gov)
However, influenza can cause severe illness or death in high risk groups (see Who is most at risk? (who.int)
But if your vaccinated dog contracts canine influenza, the vaccine will lessen the severity and duration of his illness. (whole-dog-journal.com)
The illness spreads rapidly among susceptible dogs housed in close confinement (eg, veterinary hospitals, doggy daycare, boarding facilities, kennels). (merckvetmanual.com)
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (KRDO) - A highly contagious, and potentially deadly dog illness is spreading in Colorado Springs, and veterinary clinics are now warning dog owners as the number of cases is growing. (flutrackers.com)
They can cause mild illness but if a dog has a weak immune system or if left untreated, it can be severe. (petswelcome.com)
Any dog infected should be kept away from other dogs until the illness completely resolves. (petswelcome.com)
Influenza A viruses that typically are endemic in one animal species sometimes can cause illness in another species. (cdc.gov)
All dogs exposed will become infected, and about 80 percent of the infected dogs will develop symptoms of the illness.The disease appears to kill 5-8 percent of the infected dogs. (goodnewsforpets.com)
All directly infected animals developed some degree of illness, with cats and dogs typically developing sneezing, coughing, increased respiratory effort and nasal discharge, and ferrets only developing sneezing. (wormsandgermsblog.com)
As with any illness, if your dog shows signs of rapid breathing or loss of appetite, it is important to contact your veterinarian immediately. (lcsupply.com)
The researchers are surveying flu transmission to household cat and dog populations, and suggest that people with influenza-like illness distance themselves from their pets. (sciencedaily.com)
If a pet experiences respiratory disease or other illness following household exposure to someone with the influenza-like illness, the scientists encourage them to take the pet to a veterinarian for testing and treatment. (sciencedaily.com)
Nearly all dogs are infected in the country, with 80% showing signs of illness. (areflect.com)

Mortality associated with the Asian and Hong Kong influenza pandemics was less severe, with the highest mortality rates being in the elderly and people with chronic diseases. (health.gov.au)
However, typical seasonal influenza causes most of its deaths among the elderly while other severe cases occur most commonly in people with a variety of medical conditions. (who.int)
The green discharge from this puppy's nose, and to a lesser extent, the clear discharge from her eyes, are signs of a severe case of canine influenza. (whole-dog-journal.com)
Dogs of all ages can be affected, with puppies more prone to severe disease. (merckvetmanual.com)
If the dog has a severe case of canine influenza there can be a high fever, difficulty breathing, and heavy discharge. (petswelcome.com)
Animal viruses cause huge economic losses to farmers and severe emotional distress to animal owners. (futurelearn.com)
Similar to other influenza viruses, H3N8 causes severe respiratory infection and cough. (bestfriendsvet.com)
Viral respiratory infections can cause severe damage to the dog's respiratory system, including causing upper airway disease. (petsbubble.com)

It is primarily used to treat a variety of viral infections such as influenza A and canine distemper virus. (villagecountryinn.com)

This makes it very difficult to stop viral infections once they infect the cell. (futurelearn.com)
Although most infections are mild and the pets can recover without any complications, some cases such as canine distemper caused by viral infections can be fatal if left untreated. (petsbubble.com)
Bacterial infections call for antibiotics while no direct treatment is currently available for viral infections. (petsbubble.com)

The canine virus was almost certainly derived from a virus of birds or an avian influenza virus and it didn't derive from the human influenza strain. (cdc.gov)
The influenza viruses are mostly found in aquatic birds, in this case it's probably ducks or geese or something. (cdc.gov)
And, although the virus that's the direct ancestor of the canine influenza hasn't actually been detected so far, there are a number of viruses that have been seen in birds that have similar sequences that might be related to the virus that gave rise to canine flu. (cdc.gov)
Also, this strain of influenza is different from avian influenza that has caused the deaths of birds in the Midwest. (ncagr.gov)
The influenza virus's adaptability to a variety of animals-dogs, horses, seals, birds, among others-means "these viruses are comprised of a broad array of different genotypes of variable and often unpredictable human pathogenicity," the researchers wrote in the September bioRxiv paper. (smithsonianmag.com)
The H3N2 virus originated in birds and was first found to infect in dogs in 2005. (whole-dog-journal.com)
Influenza B and C are human viruses do not infect birds. (powershow.com)
Wild aquatic birds are the main reservoir of influenza A viruses. (powershow.com)
Directly from infected birds or from avian influenza A virus-contaminated environments. (cdc.gov)
Direct infection can occur from exposure to saliva, mucous, or feces from infected birds. (cdc.gov)
People with close or prolonged unprotected contact (not wearing respiratory and eye protection) with infected birds or places that sick birds or their mucous, saliva, or feces have contaminated, might be at greater risk of bird flu virus infection. (cdc.gov)
H3N2 is a common human flu type, but birds are the ultimate reservoirs of all flu viruses, and based on the genetic relationship of H3N2 from dogs and birds, it's thought that this virus came to dogs from birds. (wormsandgermsblog.com)
The primary concern in "reverse zoonosis," as in evolving flu viruses in more traditional hosts such as birds and swine, is that in any new movement of a virus from one species to another, the virus might mutate into a more virulent, harmful or easily transmissible form. (sciencedaily.com)

What are the signs of canine influenza infection in dogs? (campbowwow.com)
Anyone with concerns about their pet's health, or whose pet is showing signs of canine influenza, should contact their veterinarian. (ncagr.gov)

the H3N8 strain that has been around for years, and the newest strain of canine influenza virus, H3N2. (bestfriendsvet.com)

What ARE the symptoms of canine influenza? (campbowwow.com)
Most dogs show symptoms of canine influenza two to three days after exposure to the virus. (whole-dog-journal.com)
Typical symptoms of canine influenza include a soft, wet cough with a low fever. (petswelcome.com)

Is there a vaccine for canine influenza? (campbowwow.com)
A vaccine for canine influenza is available with no more than the typical side effects of any vaccine - lethargy, reduced appetite, and soreness at the injection site. (whole-dog-journal.com)

Download the State of Pet Health(TM) 2014 Report and discover key findings on a wide range of pet health conditions and diseases such as Lyme disease and canine parvovirus, by visiting stateofpethealth.com. (prnewswire.com)
It has no relationship to canine distemper , but is closely related to canine parvovirus . (marvistavet.com)
Abstract Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a small, single-stranded DNA virus causing fatal haemorrhagic enteritis in dogs. (edu.vn)

The owner got a catastrophic dose of swine flu and transmitted the infection to the cat. (thenakedscientists.com)
Comparative genomic analysis reveals an 'open' pan-genome of African swine fever virus. (cdc.gov)

citation needed] In late 2022, together with Bordetella bronchiseptica and other respiratory pathogens, the H3N2 canine flu virus experienced a surge in canine infections. (wikipedia.org)
Most of the time when a dog gets infected with Bordetella, they are already infected by a virus that is attacking their immune system that makes them more susceptible to contracting the Bordetella infection. (lcsupply.com)
Because dogs normally only get infected with Bordetella while their immune systems are weakened, puppies and senior dogs are at a higher risk of contracting Bordetella. (lcsupply.com)

Understanding the host response to influenza A virus (IAV) infection is vital for developing intervention strategies. (cdc.gov)

So far, there is no evidence that canine influenza infects people. (wisconsinpetcare.com)

H3N8 was also responsible for a major dog-flu outbreak in New York state in all breeds of dogs. (wikipedia.org)
If you live in an area where there has been an outbreak of dog flu, or your pet often comes into close contact with other dogs, it might be a good idea for them to get vaccinated. (webmd.com)
There was a second outbreak, and it was actually due to a second introduction of the virus, and that occurred possibly from a virus that was introduced into Los Angeles. (cdc.gov)
However, negative RIDT results do not exclude influenza virus infection as a cause of a respiratory outbreak because of the limited sensitivity of these tests. (cdc.gov)
Testing respiratory specimens from several persons with suspected influenza will increase the likelihood of detecting influenza virus infection if influenza virus is the cause of the outbreak. (cdc.gov)
Public health authorities should be notified of any suspected institutional outbreak and respiratory specimens should be collected from ill persons (whether positive or negative by RIDT) and sent to a public health laboratory for more accurate influenza testing. (cdc.gov)
With the continuing dog flu outbreak in multiple states, dog owners are concerned about what they can do to mitigate the risk posed to their pets. (craigrd.com)
It is not a case of if there will be an outbreak of canine influenza in Las Vegas, but when. (craigrd.com)
With the recent outbreak of K-9 Influenza in Chicago, IL and some cases in Wisconsin owners of cats who use a pet sitting service that also cares for dogs may be worried about their cat's safety. (wisconsinpetcare.com)
According to the CDC " A canine influenza A H3N2 virus is responsible for an outbreak of dog flu reported in the Chicago area according to a press release issued by Cornell University, home to the New York State Animal Diagnostic Laboratory. (wisconsinpetcare.com)
A separate canine influenza virus, H3N2, had been reported in Korea, China and Thailand, but not in the U.S. until 2015, when an outbreak in Chicago, IL was determined to be caused by the H3N2 strain. (nilesanimalhospital.com)
A: The first recognized outbreak of canine influenza in the world is believed to have occurred in racing greyhounds in January 2004 at a track in Florida. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

Dogs may continue to cough for several weeks following recovery from acute infection. (cornell.edu)
Just like when people get the flu, you can expect your dog to sneeze, have a runny nose, and cough," says Barry N. Kellogg, senior veterinary advisor to the Humane Society Veterinary Medical Association. (webmd.com)
So it's almost entirely respiratory disease, you get a fever, the dogs have a very characteristic cough, and sometimes the cough may be prolonged. (cdc.gov)
Any dog that exhibits upper respiratory symptoms, such as a persistent cough or nasal discharge, should be routinely examined by a local veterinarian. (goodnewsforpets.com)
These medications include antibiotics and dog cough medicines. (lcsupply.com)
Upper respiratory infection symptoms accompanied by a moist cough may signal a relatively recent and increasingly alarming canine influenza virus. (petsbubble.com)
mild form - Dogs suffering with the mild form of canine influenza develop a soft, moist cough that persists for 10 to 30 days. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

Influenza A virus can cause infection in many mammalian and avian species and exists in multiple subtypes. (cornell.edu)
Type A influenza is classified into subtypes depending on which versions of two different proteins are present on the surface of the virus. (bcm.edu)
The influenza A subtypes are further classified into strains, and the names of the virus strains include the place where the strain was first found and the year of discovery. (bcm.edu)

Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells were cultured in Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium (ATCC, Manassas, VA) with 10% fetal bovine serum, and appropriate antibiotics. (cdc.gov)
Wogonin treatment effectively suppressed both influenza A and B virus replication in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells and human lung epithelial (A549) cells. (elis.sk)

is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza. (cdc.gov)

Because of the lack of previous exposure to this virus, dogs have no natural immunity to it. (wikipedia.org)
With the BPL-1357 vaccine, especially when given intranasally, we are attempting to induce a comprehensive immune response that closely mimics immunity gained following a natural influenza infection," says Matthew Memoli, a NIAID investigator leading the vaccine trial, in a statement. (smithsonianmag.com)
However, the impact or severity tends to be higher in pandemics in part because of the much larger number of people in the population who lack pre-existing immunity to the new virus. (who.int)
Bottom line Influenza virus somehow manages to make frequent minor changes and sudden major changes which permit temporary evasion of a population's immunity. (powershow.com)
When shifts happen, most people have little or no immunity against the new virus. (cdc.gov)
Because this virus is just now emerging, dogs have no natural immunity to it. (goodnewsforpets.com)
It is always a great concern when a new flu virus emerges, because the general population does not have immunity and almost everyone is susceptible to infection and disease. (bcm.edu)
My research focuses on companion animal virology and immunology with a view to understanding disease pathogenesis, correlates of immunity to infection and the development of novel approaches to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of viral diseases. (gla.ac.uk)
Because the dog flu is new to the Bay Area, our dogs have no natural immunity and, sadly, most of the dogs exposed to the dog flu will get sick. (petcamp.com)
Because this is still an emerging disease, almost all dogs, regardless of breed or age, are susceptible to infection and have no immunity. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

Antibiotics may be given to deal with secondary bacterial infections, and fluids may be administered to prevent dehydration. (goodnewsforpets.com)

For a realistic contact exposure setting, the cats were fed by using the dogs' food and water bowls without prior cleaning. (cdc.gov)
The exposure and transfer apparently occurred at horse-racing tracks, where dog racing had also occurred. (wikipedia.org)
Clothing, equipment, surfaces, and hands should be cleaned and disinfected after exposure to dogs showing signs of respiratory disease. (campbowwow.com)
Risk factors for Leptospirosis include exposure to any bodies of water in which the bacteria are present, exposure to infected wildlife (even rodents in the backyard), and other dogs. (dvgrr.org)
people with increased risk of exposure to influenza, which includes health care workers. (who.int)
Serological studies suggest there is far more exposure to flu virus in cats and dogs than previously known. (sciencedaily.com)
The veterinarian will ask you a few questions relating to possible exposure to other dogs such as in animal shelters. (petsbubble.com)

Often 1 or a few rodent species serves as the natural reservoir for a given virus. (medscape.com)
No evidence shows the virus can be transferred to people, cats, or other species. (wikipedia.org)
Influenza virus infection in dogs follows a similar pattern to infections in other species. (cornell.edu)
In addition to the Influenza Virus Matrix PCR test that will detect any influenza variant currently circulating that may infect dogs or other species, the AHDC offers a more broadly diagnostic Canine Respiratory PCR Panel. (cornell.edu)
The H3N8 virus made a species jump from horses to dogs in the late 1990s or early 2000s. (whole-dog-journal.com)
The segmented genome allows influenza A viruses from different species to mix genes (reassortment) and create a new virus if influenza A viruses from two different species infect the same person or animal at the same time. (cdc.gov)
Like influenza infections in other species, canine influenza is highly contagious. (bestfriendsvet.com)
Any time you have infection of a virus into a new species, it's a concern, a black box of uncertainty. (sciencedaily.com)
Natural and experimental transmission of the H3N2 influenza virus from dogs to cats in South Korea showed the potential for flu viruses to be transmitted among various animal species, Loehr said. (sciencedaily.com)
According to recent findings, dogs play a key role in virus adaptation and genome mixing before spread to other species. (areflect.com)

The genetic information in these viruses could reassort to create a new influenza A virus with a hemagglutinin and/or neuraminidase gene from the avian virus and other genes from the human virus. (cdc.gov)
[ 3 , 4 ] A total of 31,989 participants were randomly assigned to receive either a high dose (IIV3-HD) (60 μg of hemagglutinin per strain) or a standard dose (IIV3-SD) (15 μg of hemagglutinin per strain) of a trivalent, inactivated influenza vaccine. (medscape.com)

The analysis was based on the presence or absence of antibody response against non-structural protein 1 (NS1) from H1N1pdm09 virus, which was not a component of Pandemrix vaccine. (plos.org)
Non-structural (NS) 1 proteins from recombinant influenza A/Udorn/72 (H3N2) and influenza A/Finland/554/09 (H1N1pdm09) viruses were purified and used in Western blot analysis to determine specific antibody responses in human sera. (plos.org)
Based on quantitative Western blot analysis, only two of the 45 (4.4%) Pandemrix-vaccinated narcoleptic patients showed specific antibody response against the NS1 protein from the H1N1pdm09 virus, indicating past infection with the H1N1pdm09 virus. (plos.org)
Prior to development of the test, veterinarians relied on serum antibody tests to diagnose canine influenza. (goodnewsforpets.com)

Veterinarians and pet owners should submit acute and convalescent serum samples and request Canine Influenza Virus HI H3N8 - (CIVHI). (cornell.edu)
There is currently no reliable rapid test available to veterinarians for diagnosing canine influenza but there are tests available at certain diagnostic labs. (petswelcome.com)
These results provide accurate diagnoses for the veterinarians treating these animals and demonstrate that this test is capable of detecting the virus even in dogs that have not died from the infection," said veterinary researcher Christian Leutenegger, who developed the test. (goodnewsforpets.com)
veterinarians treat infected dogs with supportive care so that their immune systems can fight off the disease. (goodnewsforpets.com)
We have spoken with local veterinarians and national experts on dog flu and reviewed all of our operations with them. (petcamp.com)

This is a relatively new cause of disease in dogs and nearly all dogs are susceptible to infection. (campbowwow.com)
While it is true that most dogs are susceptible to infection, mortality is 5-8% rather than the more dramatic figures quoted by some alarmist emails. (marvistavet.com)

For rRT-PCR (real time PCR) or virus isolation, nasal or pharyngeal swabs are the samples of choice. (cornell.edu)
The virus is highly contagious and easily spread from infected dogs to other dogs through direct contact, nasal secretions (through coughing and sneezing), contaminated objects (kennel surfaces, food and water bowls, collars and leashes), and people moving between infected and uninfected dogs. (ncagr.gov)
Canine influenza is transmitted by coughing or sneezing, through contact with nasal secretions, and from contact with infected surfaces or clothing. (whole-dog-journal.com)
Upper respiratory infection in dogs is a condition that affects the throat, bronchial passageways, and nasal cavities. (petsbubble.com)
Pneumonyssoides caninum , commonly known as a canine nasal mite, can cause health complications that make dogs susceptible to secondary infections. (petsbubble.com)
Dogs with the mild form of influenza may also have a thick nasal discharge, which is usually caused by a secondary bacterial infection. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

Old world viruses include the Lassa virus (LASV) and Lujo fever in Africa, while New World viruses include several viral hemorrhagic fevers (Junin, Machupo, Guanarito, Sabia, Chapare) found in South America. (medscape.com)
Some dogs also can have a fever of 104-106 F. (webmd.com)
The signs of canine flu are coughing, runny nose and fever and are similar to other respiratory problems. (ncagr.gov)
While supportive home care will help most dogs recover from canine influenza, if she develops a high fever or has difficulty breathing, she needs to see a veterinarian as soon as possible. (whole-dog-journal.com)
Fever can cause headaches, as can many infections that do not specifically involve the brain. (msdmanuals.com)

The incubation period for canine influenza is one to five days. (whole-dog-journal.com)
The incubation period of influenza is 2 days long on average but may range from 1 to 4 days in length. (medscape.com)

Influenza virus Influenza history Historical records indicate flu-like epidemics throughout recorded history. (powershow.com)

A: Canine influenza (CI), or dog flu, is a highly contagious respiratory infection of dogs that is caused by an influenza A virus. (nilesanimalhospital.com)

Feline Upper Respiratory Infections can be caused by any of several infections: Feline Pneumonitis (Chlamydophila), Rhinotracheitis (Herpesvirus), Calicivirus, and a few others causes symptoms similar to those of a head cold. (marvistavet.com)

Broad spectrum antibiotics may be prescribed by your veterinarian if a secondary bacterial infection is suspected. (campbowwow.com)
Your vet may prescribe antibiotics if your dog gets a bacterial infection along with the flu. (webmd.com)
Antibiotics are not effective against influenza viruses. (who.int)
If a secondary bacterial infection is suspected, antibiotics are used to mitigate the contamination. (craigrd.com)
Of the sick dogs most recover on their own or with antibiotics to ward off secondary infection. (petcamp.com)

To date there is no evidence of transmission of canine influenza viruses from dogs to people and there has not been a single reported case of human infection with a canine influenza virus. (campbowwow.com)

Co-infections with B bronchiseptica , CPIV, and CAV-2 are most common. (merckvetmanual.com)

Anatomy17

Organisms100

Diseases22

Chemicals and Drugs41

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes41

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science3

Named Groups1

Health Care15

Geographicals3

Humans46

Strains of canine influenza4

Vaccination18

H1N117

Subtype6

H3N8 and H3N24

H5N125

Vaccines13

Avian influenza viruses2

Outbreaks10

Kennel cough21

Pandemic10

Parainfluenza1

Pneumonia15

Antiviral7

Epidemiology3

Different types of influenza2

Antibodies7

Respiratory illness6

Equine influenza virus3

H3N2 and H3N82

Adenovirus2

Illness23

Severe8

Distemper virus1

Viral infections3

Birds13

Signs of canine influenza2

Strain of canine influenza1

Symptoms of canine influenza3

Vaccine for canine influenza2

Parvovirus3

Swine2

Bordetella3

Response to influenza A vir1

Evidence that canine1

Outbreak12

Cough7

Subtypes3

Madin Darby2

Pigs1

Immunity10

Bacterial infections1

Exposure7

Species10

Hemagglutinin2

Antibody4

Veterinarians5

Susceptible to infection2

Nasal6

Fever5

Incubation period2

Epidemics1

Highly contagious respiratory1

Feline Upper Respirator1

Antibiotics5

Case of human infection1

Bronchiseptica1