Infection gene expression regulation bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

RafK carries a C-terminal regulatory domain present in a subset of ATP-binding proteins that has been involved in both direct regulation of transporter activity (inducer exclusion) and transcription of transporter genes. (lu.se)
Transcription factors are the proteins which control gene expression, and they can either increase (i.e. an activator) or decrease (i.e. a repressor) expression. (wikipedia.org)
The locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) in EHEC encodes a type three secretion system and effector proteins, all of which are essential for bacterial adherence to host cells. (nih.gov)
Our project offers a unique opportunity for Master's student to gain hands-on experience focused on transcriptional regulators with importance in expression of genes of outer membrane proteins that are essential in host-pathogen interaction. (lu.se)
Interestingly, also the redox state of bacterial and viral proteins depends on host cell-mediated redox reactions that are critical for invasion and infection. (bvsalud.org)
Phase variation of Opa proteins of Neisseria meningitidis and the effects of bacterial transformation. (ox.ac.uk)
The majority of opa genes in UK disease isolates (315/463, 68.0%) were in the 'on' phase, suggesting the importance of Opa proteins during invasive disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Currently, it is not known whether orthologous, inhibitory serpin genes retain the same target proteinase specificity within the Drosophilid lineage, nor whether they give rise to non-inhibitory serpin-fold proteins or other, more diverged, proteins. (cnrs.fr)
Mechanisms by which E. chaffeensis establishes intracellular infection, and avoids host defenses are not well understood, but involve functionally relevant host-pathogen interactions associated with tandem and ankyrin repeat effector proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Despite its small genome and limited number of effector proteins, Ehrlichia efficiently establishes an intracellular infection and avoids immune defenses in vertebrate and invertebrate hosts through complex molecular and cellular reprogramming strategies. (frontiersin.org)
Analysis of virulence related gene expression and computational simulations of pivotal proteins involved in pathogenesis demonstrate that myricetin downregulates the saeR global regulator and interacts with sortase A and α-hemolysin. (nature.com)
Pseudomonas aeruoginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and is a primary cause for nosocomial infections.Motility in Pseudomonasis mediated by the action of flagella that are complex dynamic structures composed of numerous proteins. (rcb.res.in)
The regulation of flagellar and biofilm genes is brought about primarily at the transcription level through the action of a number of dedicated regulatory proteins. (rcb.res.in)
CBP and p300 are two highly similar proteins that play critical roles as "super-organizers" of transcription of genes. (atlasofscience.org)
BioID screen for bacterial virulence proteins: new tools for… The discovery of penicillin in the 1920s revolutionized our ability to treat bacterial infection. (atlasofscience.org)
The course comprises molecular biology of genes, proteins, multicomponent protein complexes, and other biomolecules that provide structure and perform the organism's functions. (lu.se)

This module provides an up to date understanding of how fundamental research in bacterial cell biology helps to elucidate central biological questions such as the control and regulation of cell division and of gene expression in bacteria. (ncl.ac.uk)
The objective being to give an overview of the methods used in the discovery of molecular mechanisms used by model bacteria and the application of this in understanding the basic processes involved in bacterial growth and development in terms of regulation and biological function. (ncl.ac.uk)
During the terminal phases of the infection, clusters of small bacteria were noted within neutrophils in the peripheral blood ( Figure 1 ), assumed to be phagocytosed gram-positive cocci. (cdc.gov)
Bacteria sense these microenvironments and adapt by up or down regulating the expression of certain genes to influence different cell processes. (the-scientist.com)
The research in the Division of Microbiology & Parasitology comprises a wide range of topics including: bacterial motility and flagellar biogenesis, mechanisms of entry of bacteria into mammalian cells, bacterial toxin export and multi-drug efflux, regulation of gene expression during host-pathogen interaction, transmission, cell-cycle dynamics and virulence mechanisms in malaria parasites, host modulation by parasitic organisms and dynamics of parasitic worm infection in human populations. (cam.ac.uk)
We have developed a novel series of calprotectin-based tools that enable us to study the impact of host-imposed metal starvation both in culture and during infection, and the strategies used by S. aureus and other bacteria to overcome nutritional immunity. (illinois.edu)
ppGpp is an intracellular sensor that, in response to different types of stress, coordinates the rearrangement of the gene expression pattern of bacteria to promote adaptation and survival to new environmental conditions. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Therefore, biofilm matrix gives the additional resistance power to bacteria which makes them to not only tolerate harsh conditions but also resistant to antibiotics which lead to the emergence of bad bugs infections like multi drug resistant, extensively drug resistant and totally drug resistant bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
Bacteria with variant cagY alleles that reduced T4SS function showed comparable reduction in binding to a5ß1 integrin, although CagY was still expressed on the bacterial surface. (pacb.com)
Here, we used RNA-seq on the sea anemone Exaiptasia pallida (Ep) strain CC7 as a model to depict the innate immune response during the onset of infection with the marine pathogenic bacteria Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) clinical strain O3:K6, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) exposure. (c3m-nice.fr)
These phenotypic transitions are generally regulated at the level of transcription which is an essential process for modulating gene expression profiles in bacteria. (rcb.res.in)
Before delving into the differences between gram positive and gram negative bacteria, it's important to have a basic understanding of bacterial classification. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
Knowing the staining properties of a bacterial cell wall can provide valuable information about the bacteria, including its size, shape, and arrangement. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
Gram staining is not only important in identifying bacteria, but it is also a crucial step in the diagnosis of many bacterial infections. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
For example, a gram stain of a patient's sputum can help determine if they have a bacterial infection in their lungs, and if so, what type of bacteria is causing the infection. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
The realization of the vastness of bacterial diversity and the development of novel experimental techniques have propelled molecular microbiology into a new era of investigation This course provides insights into how genes are organized and regulated in bacteria and in their viruses. (lu.se)

Spoiler alert: He discovers that virus-infected individuals will not bite humans with other infections or terminal illnesses, and proceeds to infect himself with a BSL4 pathogen and walk among the zombies unscathed. (asmblog.org)
Research has shown that the activity of gene profiles or gene programs can be affected by the physical and social environments that humans inhabit. (wikipedia.org)
E. chaffeensis, E. ewingii , and EMLA are considered human zoonotic pathogens, but E. canis infections in humans have been reported in South America. (frontiersin.org)

Simultaneously, social stress is associated with the down-regulation of anti-viral gene products including interferon type 1 and specific antibody isotypes (e.g. immunoglobulin G). This pattern of up-regulated pro-inflammatory transcription coupled with down-regulated anti-viral transcription challenged the previously held belief that social stress was generally immunosuppressive. (wikipedia.org)
For example catecholamines, the class of neurotransmitters that includes dopamine and norepinephrine, have been linked with responses to acute stressors including the fight-or-flight response, and also appear to modulate the transcription of multiple transcription factors that impact inflammatory and anti-viral genes. (wikipedia.org)
Translational gene-reporter fusion experiments revealed that Esr41 regulates ler expression at a post-transcriptional level, and pch transcription, probably via an unknown target of Esr41. (nih.gov)
In addition, Esr41 activated the expression of flagellar Class 3 genes by indirectly inducing the transcription of fliA, which encodes the sigma factor for flagellar synthesis. (nih.gov)
Members of the Hox gene family encode transcription factors that specify positional identity along the anterior-posterior axis of nearly all metazoans. (ox.ac.uk)
Key aspects include the organization of the bacterial genome, the transcription and translation machinery, mechanisms of regulation of gene expression, transport of small molecules and macromolecules, cell division and differentiation, bacterial motility and chemotaxis, signal transduction and bacterial communication mechanisms. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factor E2F6, a member of the polycomb repressive complex 1.6 (PRC1.6), is critical to target and initiate epigenetic silencing at germline genes in early embryogenesis. (cnrs.fr)
Contributing to the interest of the present topic is the fact that modulation of gene activity involves the sensing of intra- and inter-cellular conditions, DNA binding and DNA dynamics, and interaction with the replication/transcription machinery of the cell. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Here, we systematically delineate the acute innate immune response to endotoxin in terms of human macrophage enhancer activity and contrast with endotoxin tolerance, profiling the coding and non-coding transcriptome, chromatin accessibility and epigenetic modifications.ResultsWe describe the spectrum of enhancers under acute and tolerance conditions and the regulatory networks between these enhancers and biological processes including gene expression, splicing regulation, transcription factor binding and enhancer RNA signatures. (ox.ac.uk)
We show enrichment in differential enhancers for tolerance involving transcription factors NFκB-p65, STATs and IRFs and prioritize putative causal genes directly linking genetic variants and disease risk enhancers. (ox.ac.uk)
The molecular events that underlie transcription regulation include interaction of regulators with promoters and RNA polymerase (RNAP). (rcb.res.in)
We employ an integrated approach, involving structural tools, biophysical techniques, biochemical methods and functional in vivo assays to investigate the molecular mechanisms of transcription regulation. (rcb.res.in)
In addition, knowledge of transcription modulation is utilized to develop inducible expression systems that are sensitive to the presence of small molecules. (rcb.res.in)
In the case of transcription modulators, effector binding can either increase (activation) or decrease its affinity to the DNA (derepression) thereby altering the gene expression. (rcb.res.in)
Thus, transcription modulators serve as molecular switches, turning on and off the expression of genes. (rcb.res.in)
Through our structural work on transcription repressor AraR, we have provided essential insights into long-standing fundamental questions in the field of regulation of gene expression and uncovered the mechanistic details of the diverse approaches utilized by transcription modulators to bind different DNA sequences without compromise on specificity and affinity thereby regulating gene expression to different extents at different promoters. (rcb.res.in)

Unlike antibacterials that aim to inhibit cell growth, antivirulence therapies are based on the inhibition of bacterial virulence. (nature.com)
Investigations are focused on elucidating how ArlRS senses the metabolic disruptions caused by host-imposed metal starvation and how activation of this global virulence regular promotes resistance to nutritional immunity and influences the outcome of infection. (illinois.edu)
The major H. pylori virulence factor that determines whether infection causes disease or asymptomatic colonization is the type IV secretion system (T4SS), a sort of molecular syringe that injects bacterial products into gastric epithelial cells and alters host cell physiology. (pacb.com)
Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Whole-genome sequencing also revealed divergence in malic enzyme-encoding genes between the strains predicted to impact the activity of the malate metabolic pathway. (nih.gov)
Shortly thereafter, a series of papers were published by Youssef Idaghdour and his colleagues looking at the role of environmental factors on gene expression throughout the genome where they found that only 5% of the variation in genomic expression was attributable to genetic factors (i.e. sequence variation in the genome) whereas, as much as half was due to the living environment of the individual, either urban or rural. (wikipedia.org)
BACKGROUND: The Drosophila melanogaster genome contains 29 serpin genes, 12 as single transcripts and 17 within 6 gene clusters. (cnrs.fr)
In all previous examples, phase-variation of methyltransferases results in genome wide methylation differences, and results in differential regulation of multiple genes, a system known as the phasevarion (phase-variable regulon). (ox.ac.uk)
Adenovirus DNA : the viral genome and its expression / edited by Walter Doerfler. (who.int)

Genetic expression is far from random, allowing the differentiation and specialization of different cell types with identical genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Type I toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widespread genetic modules in bacterial genomes. (mdpi.com)
These observations suggest genetic variants can decrease mRNA expression levels by increasing usage of intronic PAS. (elifesciences.org)
Thus, our work demonstrates that APA links genetic variation to variation in gene expression, protein expression, and disease risk, and reveals uncharted modes of genetic regulation. (elifesciences.org)
We further delineate similarities and differences in epigenetic landscape between stem cell-derived macrophages and primary cells and characterize the context-specific enhancer activities for key innate immune response genes KLF4, SLAMF1 and IL2RA.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the importance of context-specific macrophage enhancers in gene regulation and utility for interpreting disease associations, providing a roadmap to link genetic variants with molecular and cellular functions. (ox.ac.uk)
Exploding the gene myth : how genetic information is produced and manipulated by scientists, physicians, employers, insurance companies, educators, and law enforcers / Ruth Hubbard and Elijah Wald. (who.int)

2022 ) Gene Expression Regulation in Airway Pathogens: Importance for Otitis Media. (lu.se)
Bacterial pathogens are a serious and growing threat to human health due to the continued emergence of antibiotic resistance, which limits our ability to treat infections. (illinois.edu)
During infection pathogens must acquire all their nutrients from the host. (illinois.edu)
However, how nutrient starvation impacts pathogens during infection and the adaptations that allow pathogens to overcome this host defense are unknown. (illinois.edu)
Critical to the ability of pathogens to overcome nutritional immunity is the expression of dedicated metal uptake systems that allow invaders to fight with the host for metals. (illinois.edu)
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the role of metal-independent enzymes and alternative biochemical pathways in preserving the ability of S. aureus and other pathogens to consume glucose and generate energy when metal-starved during infection. (illinois.edu)
During infection pathogens must not only cope with host-imposed metal starvation, but also the oxidative burst of immune cells. (illinois.edu)
This practical feature various aspects of infection biology, including bacteriology, fungal pathogens, virology and immunology. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
however, little is known about immunity gene regulation in the host's early response against marine bacterial pathogens over time. (c3m-nice.fr)
Enhances expression of lysosomal enzymes and nitric oxide release which help kill infectious pathogens. (glowluxe.ca)

It may result from opportunistic colonization following immunosuppression by the primary pathogen and can be influenced by the time interval between infections, microbial physiology, or host resistance. (lookformedical.com)
Streptococcus suis is a major pathogen of swine, responsible for a number of chronic and acute infections, and is also emerging as a major zoonotic pathogen, particularly in South-East Asia. (ox.ac.uk)
A deletion allele of egl-5 was isolated in a screen for animals which fail to develop swollen tails when exposed to the bacterial pathogen Microbacterium nematophilum. (ox.ac.uk)
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen related to a variety of life-threatening infections but for which antimicrobial resistance is liming the treatment options. (nature.com)
Staphylococcus aureus is an important human opportunistic pathogen involved in a wide range of human infections. (nature.com)
Researching the interplay of host and pathogen gene regulation. (cam.ac.uk)
Current studies are focused on elucidating how the selective pressures encountered during infection shape the repertoire of metalloenzymes possessed by a pathogen and their expression. (illinois.edu)
Vertebrates including teleost fish have evolved an array of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) for detecting and responding to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs), and the retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs). (syr.edu)
Analysis of expression of these representative NLR genes after bacterial infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri revealed a significant up-regulation of all tested genes in the spleen and liver, but a significant down-regulation in the intestine and head kidney, suggesting their involvement in the immune responses of catfish against the intracellular bacterial pathogen in a tissue-specific manner. (syr.edu)

The presence or absence of flagella can be an important factor in determining the motility of a bacterial species, which can have implications for its ability to cause disease or survive in different environments. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)

The presence of Opa PV in meningococcal populations and high expression of Opa among invasive strains likely indicates the importance of this protein in bacterial colonization in the human nasopharynx. (ox.ac.uk)

The pattern of social stress-related changes in gene expression has been termed by Steve Cole and George Slavich at UCLA as a conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA). (wikipedia.org)
Using the bioinformatics tool MAGICTRICKS and reversible pharmacological inhibition, we found that primed genes required the transcriptional activities of NF-κB. (frontiersin.org)
The major events in the regulation of the host response on a transcriptional level occur within the first 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
ppGpp is required for the expression of the alpha-hemolysin encoded in hlyCABD(II) by stimulating its transcriptional expression. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Prevention of congenital heart anomalies: the secret kept by… CITED2 is a transcriptional modulator involved in the regulation of the expression of many other genes in vertebrates. (atlasofscience.org)
Activation of Btk results in a cascade of signaling events resulting in calcium mobilization and fluxes, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and transcriptional regulation involving nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). (medscape.com)

2014. Regulation of the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide gene by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in primary immune cells. . (oregonstate.edu)
In 2007, Steve Cole at UCLA published the first study of social factors, in this case social connection, on the immune cell gene expression among healthy older adults. (wikipedia.org)
When LEE expression is activated, flagellar gene expression is down-regulated because bacterial flagella induce the immune responses of host cells at the infection stage. (nih.gov)
After 30 days of feeding, immune-related gene expressions for bacterial-infection responses and disease resistance against Vibrio vulnificus (204) were determined. (tmu.edu.tw)
Experimental results assessed whether the recombinant epinecidin-1 protein from BL21 E. coli (containing the pET28a-epinecidin-1-dsRed plasmid) has up- (or down-) regulation immune-related genes expression. (tmu.edu.tw)
Results indicated that the recombinant epinecidin-1 protein from BL21 E. coli administered as a feed supplement significantly enhanced expressions several immune-related genes such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-1 in grouper and Toll-like receptor (TLR)4, interleukin (IL)-1β, nitric oxide synthase (NOS)2, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in zebrafish. (tmu.edu.tw)
The experimental results indicated that dietary intake of the recombinant epinecidin-1 protein from BL21 E. coli modulated immune-related gene expressions and disease resistance of grouper and zebrafish after a V. vulnificus (204) infection. (tmu.edu.tw)
We propose that CagY-dependent binding to a5ß1 integrin acts like a molecular rheostat that alters T4SS function and modulates the host immune response to promote persistent infection. (pacb.com)
Gene expression kinetics of Exaiptasia pallida innate immune response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection. (c3m-nice.fr)
Pairwise and time series analyses identified the genes responsive to infection as well as the kinetics of innate immune genes over time. (c3m-nice.fr)
All of these immune cells are involved in the killing of viral and bacterial infections. (glowluxe.ca)
Regulates the adaptive immune response by dampening T cell proliferation and maturation during viral respiratory infections. (glowluxe.ca)
This all makes it sound like it's counterproductive to proper immune function and fighting infection, but it's regulatory role seems to contribute to the inhibition of hyper-inflammation that would normally lead to complications (such as thromboembolism and tissue damage in the host). (glowluxe.ca)
Enhanced apoptosis in the leukocytes of peripheral blood of PEM patients may be a marker of increased infection and immune disturbances. (who.int)
Strategies of immune regulation / edited by Eli Sercarz, Alastair J. Cunningham. (who.int)

Other genes were found to have a role in the pathogenesis of the disease through defects in sensing and processing of signals that are related to regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. (medscape.com)

So, if you are a Master's student looking for a challenging but also rewarding research project, who is interested in bacterial genetics, we encourage you to apply to our project. (lu.se)
The creation and isolation of specific mutants is a cornerstone of bacterial genetics. (lu.se)

2012. Regulation of antimicrobial peptide gene expression by nutrients and by-products of microbial metabolism. . (oregonstate.edu)

As a postdoctoral researcher in Dianne Newman 's lab at the California Institute of Technology, Dar developed a way to track gene activity across the entire biofilm with submicrometer resolution. (the-scientist.com)
Metabolic activity of the bacterial biofilm communities have altered as compared to the planktonic one such as increased rates of EPS production, activation or inhibition of particular genes associated with biofilm formation and decreased growth rate [ 39 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The research in our lab focuses on structural studies of macromolecular complexes involved in regulation of genesresponsible for biofilm and flagella expression in Pseudomonas. (rcb.res.in)
In particular, exposure to CAS resulted in the upregulation of hypha-specific genes known to play a role in biofilm formation, such as ALS3 and HWP1. (who.int)

This threat is exemplified by Staphylococcus aureus , which can infect nearly every tissue in the body and is a leading cause of bone and joint infections, as well as skin and soft tissue infections. (illinois.edu)

Our findings elucidate the mechanisms of epigenetic targeting of germline genes and provide a paradigm for how transient repression signals by DNA-binding factors in early embryonic cells are translated into long-term epigenetic silencing during mouse development. (cnrs.fr)
iv) Plasmid- and chromosomally-mediated mechanisms of AMR in NG, (v) Novel therapeutic (e.g., sialic acid analogs, FH/Fc fusion molecule, monoclonal antibodies, topoisomerase inhibitors, fluoroketolides, LpxC inhibitors) and preventative (e.g., peptide mimic) strategies to combat infection. (cdc.gov)

From an evolutionary perspective, the frequent social contact of homo-sapiens increases the probability of viral infection. (wikipedia.org)
Concurrently, the down-regulation of anti-viral gene expression leaves the individual more vulnerable to viral infection such as the flu and the common cold. (wikipedia.org)
Prior to developing the condition, most people with Guillain-Barré syndrome have a bacterial or viral infection. (medlineplus.gov)

There will be involved gene engineering and molecular biology methods such as PCR, SDS-PAGE, qPCR, western blot, DNA-protein interaction assays, flow cytometry etc. (lu.se)
For this purpose, fish were fed diets for 30 days containing the recombinant epinecidin-1 protein from BL21 E. coli (containing the pET28a-epinecidin-1-dsRed plasmid) at different bacterial numbers (10 4 , 10 6 , 10 8 , and 10 10 colony-forming units (cfu) of BL21 E. coli in 50 ml of LB medium) mixed with 50 g of eel powder as fodder. (tmu.edu.tw)
We also identified 24 apaQTLs associated with protein levels, but not mRNA expression. (elifesciences.org)
Sjöberg A., Trouw L., McGrath F., Hack E. C. and Blom A. M. (2006) Regulation of complement activation by C-reactive protein: targeting of the inhibitory activity of C4b-binding protein. (lu.se)

Enzyme kinetics including its regulation and inhibition, Vitamins and Coenzymes. (entrance-exam.net)

Resistance to antibiotics represents an escalating challenge in the treatment of bacterial infections. (rcb.res.in)

Inactivation of E2f6 leads to a failure to deposit CpG island DNA methylation at these genes during implantation. (cnrs.fr)

Acute systemic infection strongly impacts MZ populations and the location of T and B lymphocytes. (unamur.be)
Our results suggest that MZ macrophage populations are particularly sensitive to persistent low-level IFN-γ-mediated inflammation and thatBrucellainfection could reduce the ability of the spleen to perform certain MZM- and MMM-dependent tasks, such as antigen delivery to lymphocytes and control of systemic infection. (unamur.be)
Staphylococcal TSS is a potentially life-threatening systemic bacterial intoxication. (medscape.com)

We report here that a small regulatory RNA (sRNA), Esr41, mediates LEE repression and flagellar gene activation. (nih.gov)
These results suggest that Esr41 plays important roles in the inverse regulation of LEE and flagellar gene expression. (nih.gov)

An evolutionary explanation for the origin of the CTRA, characterized by increased pro-inflammatory gene expression and a suppression of anti-viral gene expression, has been proposed. (wikipedia.org)
In conditions of social stress however, the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression prepares the body to better deal with bodily injury and bacterial infection which is more likely under conditions of social stress either through hostile human contact, or increased predatory vulnerability due to separation from the social group. (wikipedia.org)
In the modern age however, the chronic elevation of pro-inflammatory gene expression produced by social stress is more likely to result in inflammation-related diseases including various cancers, cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis. (wikipedia.org)
We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that hypoxia would enhance or "prime" microglial pro-inflammatory gene expression in response to a later inflammatory challenge without programmatically increasing basal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. (frontiersin.org)
We used RNA sequencing coupled with chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing to analyze primed microglial inflammatory gene expression and modifications to histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) at the promoters of primed genes. (frontiersin.org)
Among others, these thiol switches are essential for inflammatory signaling, regulation of gene expression, cytokine release, immunoglobulin function and isoform variation, and antigen presentation. (bvsalud.org)
Here, we highlight mechanistic thiol switches in inflammatory pathways and infections including cholera, diphtheria, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). (bvsalud.org)
We find enrichment for context-specific eQTL involving endotoxin response and specific infections and delineate specific differential regions informative for GWAS variants in inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis, together with a context-specific enhancer involving a bacterial infection eQTL for KLF4. (ox.ac.uk)
We speculate that cagY-dependent modulation of H. pylori T4SS function is mediated by alterations in binding to a5ß1 integrin, which in turn regulates the host inflammatory response so as to maximize persistent infection.IMPORTANCE Infection with H. pylori can cause peptic ulcers and is the most important risk factor for gastric cancer, the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide. (pacb.com)

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology , 12. (lu.se)

Pneumococci lacking RafK showed a 50- to 80-fold reduction in expression of the raf operon genes aga (alpha-galactosidase) and rafEFG (raffinose substrate binding and permease genes), and both glucose and sucrose inhibited raffinose uptake through inducer exclusion. (lu.se)
Like RafK, the presence of DLDH also activated the expression of raf operon genes, as DLDH-negative pneumococci showed a significantly decreased expression of aga and rafEFG, but DLDH did not regulate rafK or the putative regulatory genes rafR and rafS. (lu.se)
Here, we characterize the role of this alarmone in the regulation of the hlyCABD(II) operon of the UPEC isolate J96, encoding the toxin alpha-hemolysin that induces cytotoxicity during infection of bladder epithelial cells. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Prototrophy suppressor mutations in a ppGpp-deficient strain restore the alpha-hemolysin expression from this operon to wild-type levels, confirming the requirement of ppGpp for its expression. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

Interestingly, FLU-exposed biofilms showed no significant changes in gene expression over the course of the experiment. (who.int)
In AMB-exposed biofilms, 2.7% of the genes showed altered expression, while in CAS-exposed biofilms, 13.0% of the genes had their expression modified. (who.int)
There was little overlap between AMB- or CAS-responsive genes in biofilms and those that have been identified as AMB, FLU, or CAS responsive in C. albicans planktonic cultures. (who.int)

This interaction leads to permutations of neutrophil function and could permit immunopathologic changes, severe disease, and opportunistic infections. (cdc.gov)

All isolates expressing the mefA gene displayed the M phenotype whilst all those expressing ermB displayed the constitutive macrolide resistance (cMLS(B)) phenotype. (lenus.ie)
Of 19 isolates that expressed the ermTR gene, 16 displayed the inducible macrolide resistance (iMLS(B)) phenotype. (lenus.ie)

Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Proceedings of the STAR Sexually Transmitted Infection-Clinical Trial Group Programmatic Meeting. (cdc.gov)
The goal of the Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinical Trial Group's (STI-CTG) Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) meeting was to assemble experts from academia, government, non-profit and industry to discuss the current state of research, gaps and challenges in research and technology as well as priorities and new directions to address the continued emergence of multi-drug resistant NG infections. (cdc.gov)

Another important characteristic used in bacterial classification is the presence or absence of flagella. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)

Here, we discovered a temporal modulation of ubKDM1A and KDM1A+2a during human and mice fetal cardiac development and evaluated their impact on the regulation of cardiac differentiation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

In Escherichia coli, ppGpp regulates the expression of cellular factors that are important during urinary tract infections. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

For more detail, please see Pediatric Bacterial Endocarditis . (medscape.com)

MEFV gene mutations, seen in persons with Mediterranean fever, are increased in persons with Behçet disease. (medscape.com)
Mutations can occur in any area of the gene. (medscape.com)
Murine gene mutations in human counterparts may be associated with a clinical illness different from the illness seen in mice. (medscape.com)

This regulation led to reduced EHEC adhesion to host cells. (nih.gov)

A careful review of the blood smear suggested the possibility of human ehrlichiosis, an emerging infection with similar bacterial clusters in peripheral blood monocytes among infected patients in the southeast and south-central United States. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, we link increased expression of inflammasome components NLRP3 and ASC in monocytes with site-specific DNA hypomethylation around the corresponding genes NLRP3 and PYCARD. (liverpool.ac.uk)

Although we have been aware of polymicrobial infections, arguably for centuries, only recently has biotechnology allowed the delicate dissection of the role of individual microbial species in infections. (asmblog.org)
Our group is interested in the research of clinically relevant bacterial species that mainly cause upper and lower airway infections and their interactions with the host. (lu.se)
Current estimates of the number of bacterial species range from 1 to 1000 million. (lu.se)

CagY is an ortholog of VirB10 that, unlike other VirB10 orthologs, has a large middle repeat region (MRR) with extensive repetitive sequence motifs, which undergo CD4+ T cell-dependent recombination during infection of mice. (pacb.com)
Here we found that these recombination events produce parallel changes in specific binding to a5ß1 integrin, a host cell receptor that is essential for T4SS-dependent translocation of bacterial effectors. (pacb.com)

Because of this narrow scope of treatment, other colonizing microbes, not normally virulent, may be given a competitive edge, leading to chronic infections or severe complications. (asmblog.org)
Here, we usedBrucella melitensisinfection as a model to investigate the impact of chronic stealth infection on splenic MZ macrophage populations. (unamur.be)

There are many approaches being used to control infections by suppressing its formation but CRISPR-CAS (gene editing technique) and photo dynamic therapy (PDT) are proposed to be used as therapeutic approaches to subside bacterial biofim infections, especially caused by deadly drug resistant bad bugs. (biomedcentral.com)
Notably, therapeutic carmofur treatment after manifestation of P. yoelii infection is efficient in reducing parasitemia. (elifesciences.org)

Bacterial transformation resulted in a 180-fold increase in PV rate. (ox.ac.uk)

Social genomics researchers have thus examined the role of social factors (e.g. isolation, rejection) on the expression of individual genes, or more commonly, clusters of many genes (i.e. gene profiles, or gene programs). (wikipedia.org)
Three gene clusters appear to have originated in the melanogaster subgroup, Spn28D, Spn77B and Spn88E, each containing one inhibitory serpin orthologue that is present in all Drosophilids. (cnrs.fr)

In our proposed project, you would investigate expression regulation in clinically significant bacterium non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). (lu.se)

Comparison of wild-type and deficient mice suggested that MZ macrophage population loss is dependent on interferon gamma (IFN-γ) receptor but independent of T cells or tumor necrosis factor alpha receptor 1 (TNF-αR1) signaling pathways and is not correlated to an alteration of CCL19, CCL21, and CXCL13 chemokine mRNA expression. (unamur.be)

Comparative growth assays in urine comparing wild-type ABSA and gene-deficient mutants that were functionally inactivated for the malic enzyme metabolic pathway by targeted disruption of the maeE or maeK gene in ABSA demonstrated attenuated growth of the mutants in normal human urine as well as synthetic human urine containing malic acid. (nih.gov)
First described to modulate metabolic adaptive responses, ppGpp modulates the expression of genes belonging to very diverse functional categories. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

The lecture sequence will comprise of a module introduction followed by lectures on specific aspects of bacterial cell biology. (ncl.ac.uk)
Stem cell characteristics CD44(+)/CD24(-), TERT and Oct4 were associated with MSI expression in vivo and were decreased in vitro after MSI DKD as was ALDH expression and mammosphere formation. (bvsalud.org)
Different opa genes demonstrated variable rates of PV, between 6.4 × 10(-4) and 6.9 × 10(-3) per cell per generation. (ox.ac.uk)
They occur naturally as N-acetyl derivatives in peptidoglycan, the characteristic polysaccharide composing bacterial cell walls. (lookformedical.com)
We find that this allele carries an inserted repeat element approximately 13.8 kb upstream of the egl-5 open reading frame, which specifically disrupts the cell-specific expression of this gene in HSN egg-laying neurons. (ox.ac.uk)
Get to know the bacterial cell structures in depth. (unict.it)
BackgroundChromatin states and enhancers associate gene expression, cell identity and disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Similarly, expression of CagY in the absence of other T4SS genes was necessary and sufficient for whole bacterial cell binding to a5ß1 integrin. (pacb.com)
However, the impact of cell-intrinsic Ac activity and ceramide on the course of Plasmodium infection remains elusive. (elifesciences.org)
Interestingly, ablation of Ac leads to alleviated parasitemia associated with decreased T cell responses in the early phase of Plasmodium yoelii infection. (elifesciences.org)
Hence, our results provide evidence for the involvement of Ac and ceramide in controlling P. yoelii infection by regulating red blood cell development. (elifesciences.org)
However, one of the most widely used classification systems is based on the staining properties of the bacterial cell wall. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
When a bacterial cell is stained with the Gram stain, it is given a specific color based on the properties of its cell wall. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
This difference in staining properties is due to the structure of the bacterial cell wall. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
After rinsing, a solution of iodine is added to help fix the stain in the bacterial cell wall. (dopeentrepreneurs.com)
In the nucleus, β-catenin recruits either CBP or p300 to express various genes involved in stem cell regulation. (atlasofscience.org)

C/EBPα and the Vitamin D Receptor Cooperate in the Regulation of Cathelicidin in Lung Epithelial Cells. (oregonstate.edu)
We show that compromised rectal development, which occurs as a result of loss of egl-5 function, results in a failure of rectal epithelial cells to express the ERK MAP kinase mpk-1, which was previously shown to mediate tail-swelling in response to bacterial infection. (ox.ac.uk)

These studies set the stage for looking at environmental modulation of gene expression including social influences. (wikipedia.org)

The first two time points represent the acute and sub-acute phase of bacterial meningitis, whereas the latter represent the recovery phase of the disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Whereas in the acute phase of the disease immunoregulatory processes prevail in the hippocampus and the cortex, we observed a strong activation of neurogenic processes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, both by gene expression and immunohistology starting as early as 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate that the vast majority of differentially regulated enhancers on acute stimulation are subject to tolerance and that expression quantitative trait loci, disease-risk variants and eRNAs are enriched in these regulatory regions and related to context-specific gene expression. (ox.ac.uk)

Know the main eukaryotes and metazoans related to infections, to toxins, to poisonings, and to environmental contamination. (unict.it)

Anatomy23

Organisms16

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs65

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment32

Phenomena and Processes99

Disciplines and Occupations4

Information Science8

Health Care3

Proteins16

Bacteria16

Humans3

Transcription16

Virulence4

Genome5

Genetic6

Pathogens10

Pathogen9

Motility1

Colonization1

Transcriptional6

Immune15

Immunity1

Genetics2

Metabolism1

Biofilm4

Staphylococcus1

Mechanisms2

Viral infection3

Protein4

Inhibition1

Antibiotics1

Methylation1

Systemic3

Flagellar2

Inflammatory9

Microbiology1

Operon4

Biofilms3

Opportunistic1

Phenotype2

Antimicrobial resistance2

Flagella1

Differentiation1

Urinary Tract Infe1

Endocarditis1

Mutations3

Adhesion1

Monocytes2

Species3

Recombination2

Chronic2

Therapeutic2

Transformation1

Clusters2

Bacterium1

Macrophage1

Metabolic2

Cell16

Epithelial2

Modulation1

Acute3

Toxins1