• The primary specificity of the enzyme for these natural substrates is shown to closely correspond to that observed for model substrates. (caltech.edu)
  • 2009). Substrate specificity of transthyretin: Identification of natural substrates in the nervous system . (up.pt)
  • Conclusions: The results confirm the usefulness of synthetic heterotrimeric collagenous peptides in the folded and unfolded state as mimics of the natural substrates collagen and gelatin, respectively, to gain a better a insight into the proteolytic mechanisms of matrix metalloproteinases. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • The test uses bacterial isolates with a fluorescent β-lactamase substrate, producing objective results with 100% sensitivity and specificity in 10 minutes. (cdc.gov)
  • With any type of laboratory test, the clinical accuracy or reliability depends on performance characteristics such as sensitivity and specificity, as well as the pretest probability that a person has SARS-CoV-2 infection and the prevalence of COVID-19 in the local community. (medscape.com)
  • CHROMagar Candida™ medium (CC) is a differential culture medium that allows the presumptive identification of yeasts species, with sensitivity and specificity higher than 99% to C. albicans 10 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Brown, N. R., Noble, M. E., Endicott, J. A. & Johnson, L. N. The structural basis for specificity of substrate and recruitment peptides for cyclin-dependent kinases. (nature.com)
  • The structural specificity of α-chymotrypsin for polypeptides and denatured proteins has been examined. (caltech.edu)
  • Overall, these studies are providing us structural and dynamical insights into affinity of substrate by various members of this family. (inrs.ca)
  • Structural analysis of hDJ-1 by molecular docking and simulation studies, however, indicates a possible role of glutamate (Glu18) in determining its substrate specificity . (bvsalud.org)
  • This thesis focuses on the identification and synthesis as well as kinetic and structural characterization of non-peptidic small molecule inhibitors of the two aspartic proteases HTLV-1 protease (HTLV-1 PR) and endothiapepsin. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Structural basis for substrate specificity. (expasy.org)
  • The present study reports the identification and structural and expression analysis of the AQPs found in the diploid progenitor genomes of A. hypogea i.e. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The identification and characterization of a selective H3K27me3 inhibitor thus provides insight into the structural determinants and cellular roles of demethylase activity, which may benefit cancer epigenetic drug discovery efforts. (aacrjournals.org)
  • A- and B-type cyclins differentially modulate substrate specificity of cyclin-cdk complexes. (nature.com)
  • For most xenobiotics and many endobiotics, glucuronidation constitutes a major route of elimination and thereby may substantially modulate substrate concentrations and effects. (aspetjournals.org)
  • MFS is subgrouped into 74 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis, postulated substrate specificity and expected transport mode (Madej M.G, Advances in Biology, Hindawi, Volume 2014, Article ID 523591:1-20). (embl.de)
  • The identification and the phylogenetic analysis of AQPs in both Arachis species revealed the presence of all five sub-families of AQPs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Generally, the C-terminus of UGT enzymes is highly conserved and binds the UDP-glucuronic acid cofactor, while the N-terminus (not resolved in this structure) is responsible for substrate binding. (wikipedia.org)
  • These cytosolic enzymes are different in their tissue distributions and substrate specificities. (origene.com)
  • The identification of precursor processing proteases lags behind the other PTM enzymes. (elifesciences.org)
  • The identification of selective small-molecule inhibitors of histone demethylases would provide insight into the activity and cellular functions of these enzymes and also establish potential avenues for reversing pathologic epigenetic states. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Results from digestion of these substrates by fibroblast and neutrophil collagenases (MMP-1 and MMP-8), as well as by gelatinase A (MMP-2), confirmed that the two classes of enzymes operate within the context of strong conformational dependency of the substrates. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • the enzymes responsible for adding these groups are surprisingly specific, distinguishing between closely similar substrates. (ukri.org)
  • we want to understand how the modern enzymes discriminate between closely similar substrates and perform very specific methylations. (ukri.org)
  • Our studies show that some of the enzymes can select tetrapyrrole substrates containing a colbalt-ion and reject those that don't and we want to understand how the enzymes discriminate between these substrates. (ukri.org)
  • These media contains chromogenic substrates that react with yeast enzymes, resulting in colored colonies 9 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Identification of a cyclin-cdk2 recognition motif present in substrates and p21-like cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. (nature.com)
  • Finally, by combining the sequence recognition model with the quantitative changes in phosphorylation measured in the two drug perturbation experiments, we identified 29 reliable candidates of PKA targeting residues in living cells including 8 previously known substrates. (nih.gov)
  • Kruidenier and colleagues solved the crystal structure of the JMJD3 catalytic domain in complex with an H3K27me3 peptide and used the insights into interactions required for substrate specificity and recognition to guide the optimization of weak inhibitors discovered in a screen of 2 million compounds. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Identification and characterization of a stable intermediate in photosystem I assembly in tobacco. (mpg.de)
  • Identification of the gene encoding homoserine kinase from Arabidopsis thaliana and characterization of the recombinant enzyme derived from the gene. (rhea-db.org)
  • Fang X, Liang P, Raba DA, Rosas-Lemus M, Chakravarthy S, Tuz K, Juárez O (2017) Kinetic characterization of Vibrio cholerae ApbE: Substrate specificity and regulatory mechanisms. (iit.edu)
  • Here we compare the specificity of two budding yeast cyclins, the S-phase cyclin Clb5 and the M-phase cyclin Clb2, in the phosphorylation of 150 Cdk1 (Cdc28) substrates. (nature.com)
  • Figure 1: Identification of Clb5-specific Cdk1 substrates in budding yeast. (nature.com)
  • To better understand the functions of PKA, it is necessary to elucidate the direct interplay between PKA and their substrates in living human cells. (nih.gov)
  • DNA polymerase substrate specificity is fundamental to genome integrity and to polymerase applications in biotechnology. (bbk.ac.uk)
  • Here, we describe the discovery of a distinct specificity checkpoint located over 25 Å from the active site in the polymerase thumb subdomain. (bbk.ac.uk)
  • This gatekeeper mutation therefore identifies a key missing step in the adaptive path from DNA to RNA polymerases and defines a previously unknown postsynthetic determinant of polymerase substrate specificity with implications for the synthesis and replication of noncognate nucleic acid polymers. (bbk.ac.uk)
  • Although we did not identify any highly Clb2-specific substrates, we found that Clb2-Cdk1 possessed higher intrinsic kinase activity than Clb5-Cdk1, enabling efficient phosphorylation of a broad range of mitotic Cdk1 targets. (nature.com)
  • Schulman, B. A., Lindstrom, D. L. & Harlow, E. Substrate recruitment to cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by a multipurpose docking site on cyclin A. (nature.com)
  • To identify kinase target substrates in a high-throughput manner, we first quantified the change of phosphoproteome in the cells of which PKA activity was perturbed by drug stimulations. (nih.gov)
  • To exclude potential indirect targets of PKA, we built a computational model to characterize the kinase sequence specificity toward the substrate target site based on known kinase-substrate relationships. (nih.gov)
  • Whereas there remains much to learn about the potential biological relevance of UGTs, deficient glucuronidation can result in either elevated tissue concentrations and direct toxicity of substrates, as with the endobiotic bilirubin, or, alternatively, enhanced bioactivation of substrates to toxic reactive intermediates, as in the case of acetaminophen and benzo[ a ]pyrene. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The HTLV-1 PR, a promising target for the treatment of viral infections caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type-1, is related to the well-known HIV-1 PR, however, it exhibits a substantially different substrate specificity and inhibition profile than the latter. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Further studies would compare the different transaldolases with respect to their substrate and stereo specificity to TalB from Escherichia coli. (europa.eu)
  • Structure-guided approach to modify the substrate specificity of the protein human deglycase-1 (hDJ-1). (bvsalud.org)
  • Title: Identification of MANF as a protein interacting with RTN1-C. (genscript.com)
  • Streamlining Regulon Identification in Bacteria Regulons are a group of genes that can be turned on or off by the same regulatory protein. (doe.gov)
  • A major contribution of PRO as a protein biology community informatics resource is that it provides a formal ontological structure with foundation in Basic Formal Ontology http://www.ifomis.org/bfo/ to describe types of protein complexes and gives these types unique, permanent identifiers http://www.obofoundry.org/id-policy.shtml . (biomedcentral.com)
  • These studies have provided fundamental insights into UGT gene structure and regulation, isozyme substrate selectivity, and interindividual variability. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The importance of a binding interaction between the carboxyl function of the substrate and the enzyme is suggested by the results obtained. (caltech.edu)
  • Additional possible reasons for the inactivity of the BrILL2C139S mutant have been discussed based on MD simulations and MM-PBSA free energy calculations of BrILL2 enzyme complexes (wt and C139S mutant) with IPA-Ala as a substrate. (irb.hr)
  • So if an enzyme, E1, catalyses the reaction A to B, then A is depleted which means an organism with the ability to catalyse a reaction producing A, using enzyme E2, from another substrate would be at an advantage. (ukri.org)
  • The importance of non-productive binding in determining the kinetic parameters of these substrates is discussed. (caltech.edu)
  • Thus, Clb5 and Clb2 use distinct mechanisms to enhance the phosphorylation of S-phase and M-phase substrates. (nature.com)
  • It was also found that gelatinases and collagenases exhibit two distinct proteolytic mechanisms: gelatinase digests the gelatin-like heterotrimer rapidly in individual steps with intermediate releases of partially processed substrate into the medium, whereas collagenases degrade the triple-helical heterotrimer by trapping it until scission through all three alpha chains is achieved. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • The construction of large, phylogenetically diverse libraries of synthetic genes from a sequence-based family allows rapid evaluation of the substrate specificity encoded within the gene products and identification of rare catalytic capabilities. (doe.gov)
  • Tuz K, Li C, Fang X, Raba DA, Liang P, Minh DD, Juarez O (2017) Identification of the catalytic ubiquinone-binding site of Vibrio cholerae sodium-dependent NADH dehydrogenase: a novel ubiquinone-binding motif. (iit.edu)
  • The sequences identity ranges around 12-18% but regions of functional similarity (e.g., substrate- or H-binding sites) align for only very closely related MFS transporters. (embl.de)
  • Clb5 specificity depended on an interaction between a hydrophobic patch in Clb5 and a short sequence in the substrate (the RXL or Cy motif). (nature.com)
  • We develop a homology model and use comparative sequence analyses to identify substitutions in the substrate-binding site of SiaT that may explain the altered specificity. (instem.res.in)
  • Residues are labeled according to the sequence of PDB ID: 5v7n. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, due to the similarity in the active site, HIV-1 PR inhibitors provide a promising starting point for the identification and further optimization of novel small molecule inhibitors against HTLV-1 PR. (uni-marburg.de)
  • A screening of our in-house aspartic protease inhibitor library was performed and resulted in the identification of C2-symmetric 3,4-bis-N-alkylsulfonamido-pyrrolidines and pyrrolidine-based bicyclic HIV-1 PR inhibitors as promising candidates for HTLV-1 PR inhibition. (uni-marburg.de)
  • These studies have expanded our knowledge of the range of substrates that can be repaired by AGTs and may be useful in guiding the design of hAGT inhibitors as therapeutics against uncontrolled cellular proliferation seen in cancer. (concordia.ca)
  • T o obtain better insights into the mechanism of ribonucleotyic activity we have modeled 7 human RN ases and bovine RNase A each with two different model substrates (ACAC and AUAU). (inrs.ca)
  • N-acylated peptide esters as substrates. (caltech.edu)
  • A series of N-acetylated peptide esters of varying length have been evaluated as substrates of α-chymotrypsin. (caltech.edu)
  • Its function is to catalyse the conjugation of a wide variety of lipophilic aglycon substrates with glucuronic acid, using uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recent studies have revealed an extensive superfamily of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), 2 previously termed glucuronyl transferases, which catalyze the conjugation of UDP-glucuronic acid with lipid-soluble substrates to form polar conjugates that are excreted in the urine and feces. (aspetjournals.org)
  • AGTs from different species differ in their substrate specificity and proficiency towards repair of these lesions. (concordia.ca)
  • Several chromogenic media have been developed to aid the rapid identification of Candida species. (bvsalud.org)
  • Because of their high stereo specificity for this asymmetric synthesis, transaldolases are desired tools in biocatalysis. (europa.eu)
  • Figure 2: Clb5 specificity depends on an interaction between the Clb5 hydrophobic patch and an RXL motif in the substrate. (nature.com)
  • Interestingly, all substrates were repaired efficiently. (concordia.ca)
  • As a second approach for lead identification, the privileged structure concept was exploited as tool to identify novel small molecule scaffolds for HTLV-1 PR inhibition. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Using mass spectrometry data obtained from a rat experimental study with epicatechin supplementation, BioTransformer was also able to correctly identify 39 previously reported epicatechin metabolites via its metabolism identification tool, and suggest 28 potential metabolites, 17 of which matched nine monoisotopic masses for which no evidence of a previous report could be found. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the end of this research we will have a more complete understanding of how the methyltransferases evolved their individual specificities and the how they direct the chemistry that results in the essential cofactor vitamin B12. (ukri.org)
  • A partial model of the locus of the active site which interacts with the R' 1 CONH- group of a substrate of the form R' 1 CONHCHR 2 COR' 3 is proposed. (caltech.edu)
  • For some members these model substrates remains stro ngly bound to the active-site, while for other members they are ejected within 10-20 nanosecon ds. (inrs.ca)
  • This specificity of hDJ-1 is thought to be regulated by its active site cysteine residue (Cys106). (bvsalud.org)
  • In the current paradigm, active site geometry is the main site of specificity control. (bbk.ac.uk)
  • We stably engineered O-glycan sulfation capacities in HEK293 cells by site-directed knockin of sulfotransferase genes in combination with knockout of genes to eliminate endogenous O-glycan branching (core2 synthase gene GCNT1) and/or sialylation capacities in order to provide simplified substrates (core1 Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr) for the introduced sulfotransferases. (lu.se)
  • Altogether this study proposed a confident list of PKA substrate candidates, expanding our knowledge of PKA signaling network. (nih.gov)
  • The results are interpreted in terms of the available specificity theories and are compared with results obtained in the study of polypeptide substrates. (caltech.edu)
  • The results are interpreted in terms of proposed specificity theories. (caltech.edu)
  • It has been suggested that methylation at C-17 in the substrate precorrin 3b results in the ketone function pendant from C-1 by a pinacol rearrangement. (ukri.org)
  • The structure specificity of alpha-chymotrypsin. (caltech.edu)
  • The r esults in ground (reactant) state indicate significant variations in the interactions of the huma n RNases family members with model substrate. (inrs.ca)
  • We demonstrate that by using fluorescence identification of β-lactamase activity (FIBA), carbapenemase production in bacteria can be detected sensitively and specifically in 10 minutes, with only 1 step. (cdc.gov)