Interactions species specificity. Medical search. Frequent questions

They are not as effective as adaptive immune responses, which can afford to be more powerful on account of their antigen specificity . (nih.gov)
Isotype control antibodies can act as negative controls to help differentiate non-specific background signal from specific antibody signal because they have no relevant specificity to a target antigen. (fishersci.com)
Now that you know what an antigen and antibody are, let us consider the interaction between them. (sigmaaldrich.com)
The strength of interaction between antibody and antigen at single antigenic sites can be described by the affinity of the antibody for the antigen. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Ultimately these factors define the specificity of the antibody, that is, the likelihood that the particular antibody is binding to a precise antigen epitope. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Cross-reactivity is sometimes desirable when one wants general binding to a related group of antigens or when attempting cross-species labeling when the antigen epitope sequence is not highly conserved during evolution. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Immunochemical techniques capitalize upon the extreme specificity, at the molecular level, of each immunoglobulin for its antigen, even in the presence of high levels of contaminating molecules. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Isotype controls should match with the primary antibody species and isotype so that the level of specific staining by the primary antibody may be accurately determined. (fishersci.com)
This can be caused either by low avidity or specificity of the antibody or by multiple distinct antigens having identical or very similar epitopes. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Salmonella and Yersinia are two distantly related genera containing species with wide host-range specificity and pathogenic capacity. (ucsd.edu)
We found that fish monocytes can differentiate between pathogenic and nonpathogenic mycobacterial species. (tamu.edu)

Bimolecular interaction analysis using a real-time surface plasmon resonance-based assay showed that Compstatin exhibits exclusive specificity for primate C3s and does not bind either to C3s from lower mammalian species or to two structural homologs of C3, human C4 and C5. (nih.gov)

Tritrophic interactions join pollination and seed dispersal as vital biological functions which plants perform via cooperation with animals. (wikipedia.org)
We report an unanticipated transcriptional activity triggered in stigma upon incompatible pollination and show that following compatible interaction, components of the pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) pathway are induced on the female side. (biomedcentral.com)

To search for novel proteins that interact with Galphao, a mouse brain library was screened using the yeast two-hybrid interaction system. (embl-heidelberg.de)
We are investigating how Pbx and Meis proteins contribute to the specificity of Hox function in development and how disruption of their activities leads to neoplasia. (stanford.edu)
The predicted networks were integrated to protein interaction data already available, analyzed using several topological features and used to classify proteins as essential for network stability. (biomedcentral.com)

Amino acid residues of OGR1 that are associated with ogerin are conserved among the species. (bioone.org)
Chimeric receptors between human and zebrafish OGR1s showed that the amino acid residues that determine the species specificity of ogerin-induced enhancement reside in the transmembrane and/or intracellular regions of OGR1. (bioone.org)

Here we discuss working definitions of central ecological terms that have been used in various fashions in microbial ecology, provide a framework by focusing on different types of interactions within communities, review the status of the interface between evolutionary and ecological study, and highlight important similarities and differences between macro- and microbial ecology. (nih.gov)
Microbes spontaneously release membrane vesicles (MVs), which play roles in nutrient acquisition and microbial interactions. (nature.com)
However, whether MVs are also responsible for efficient iron uptake and therefore involved in microbial interaction remains to be elucidated. (nature.com)
Therefore, MVs are suitable for packing multi-molecule complexes and for delivering across long distances, and thus play critical roles in stress response, nutrition acquisition, host survival, and microbial interactions [ 6 ]. (nature.com)

Humans can take advantage of tritrophic interactions in the biological control of insect pests. (wikipedia.org)
The differential energy metabolism of cancer cells has stimulated the development of tools that can be applied to better understand the complex biological interaction involved in the uptake of glucose analogs at the cellular level in this disease. (bvsalud.org)
Then, monolayers and spheroids of HeLa cells were applied to probe the biological interaction with the conjugate through fluorescence techniques. (bvsalud.org)
The biological species concept is considered together with the difficulties of its application to Schistosoma spp. (schisto.com)

Background: Infection processes consist of a sequence of steps, each critical for the interaction between host and parasite. (uni-muenchen.de)
Our study underlines the importance of resolving the infection process in order to better understand host-parasite interactions. (uni-muenchen.de)
Apical periodontal infection has been associated with 200 bacterial species, and 500 bacterial species have been reported with marginal periodontitis. (medscape.com)
[ 3 , 4 ] Evidence also exists that significant interaction of bacterial types within biofilm may either enhance or suppress metabolic activity that leads to dental infection. (medscape.com)
Diseases caused by infection with Borrelia species body louse), all known species are transmitted by ticks (4). (cdc.gov)

What determines host specificity for every agent is not known, but the requirement for attachment to a particular cell-surface molecule is one critical factor. (nih.gov)
This interaction determines the species specificity and liver tropism. (arigobio.com)

Finally, we found that the heme carried in MVs is utilized by multiple species, and we further verified that membrane fusion efficiency and species evolutionary distance determine heme delivery. (nature.com)

Deciphering the specific transcriptomic response of both pollen and stigmatic cells during their interaction constitutes an important challenge to better our understanding of this cell recognition event. (biomedcentral.com)
We provide invaluable resource and tools to identify potential new molecular players involved in pollen-stigma interaction. (biomedcentral.com)
In flowering plants, the early interaction between the extremity of the female organ (stigma) and the male gametophyte (pollen grain) acts as a checkpoint for fertilization. (biomedcentral.com)
All 20 networks had interactions with balsam pollen, although significantly more balsam pollen was found on plants with dry stigmas in invaded areas. (unesp.br)
Balsam pollen deposition was restricted to a small subset of plant species, which is surprising because pollinators are known to carry high loads of balsam pollen. (unesp.br)
networks were modular and poorly nested, both of which are likely to be related to the specificity of pollen transfer interactions. (unesp.br)

The occurrence points of a species carry information about its distribution, which is a complex expression of its ecology and evolutionary history ( Brown 1995 BROWN, J.H. 1995. (scielo.br)
The overarching aim of my project is to elucidate the evolutionary role of predator-prey interactions in generating species diversity and adaptations. (szn.it)
We collaborate closely on most projects, which allows us to use our complementary expertise and perspectives to understand how ecological and evolutionary processes, including species interactions, can generate novel biodiversity. (lu.se)

These results suggest that Compstatin's exclusive specificity for primate C3s could be exploited for the development of species-specific complement inhibitors. (nih.gov)
The immunology of enzyme inhibitors synthesized in the host cells are summarized in this article, with case studies in mammal species, insect species, plant species. (natural-foundation-science.org)
Enzyme inhibitors can be divided into reversible inhibitors and irreversible inhibitors, which shows relative specificity or selectivity for enzymes, inhibiting one or several kinds of enzymes[15]. (natural-foundation-science.org)
Concluding, the QD-EcTI represents a valuable nanotool to study the interaction of this inhibitor with cancer cells using fluorescence-based techniques with the potential to unravel the intricate dynamics of interplays between proteases and inhibitors in cancer biology. (bvsalud.org)

Rather than participating in basic metabolic processes, they mediate interactions between a plant and its environment, often attracting, repelling, or poisoning insects. (wikipedia.org)

Brucellae are Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacteria that can infect many species of animals and man. (hindawi.com)
According to a conservative estimate, between 4,000 and 5,000 endoparasite species are believed to infect bats around the world ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Most influenza A viruses are restricted to their host species, having limited capability to cross species barrier and infect a new host. (springer.com)

These are highly specific to certain plant species and are detectable meters from the source. (wikipedia.org)

In the present study, we found that ogerin differentially enhances the activation of OGR1 in various animal species. (bioone.org)
SCIN infects a broad range of animal species, including horses, humans, pigs, which is evolved into strong adaptiveness through genome modification (such as by gene communications with external genetic segments aiming to host-invasion interactions). (natural-foundation-science.org)
Competing causes of mortali- or all of the animal species tested genetic variation, health status, life ty may prevent the development of experimentally. (who.int)

Predators and parasitoids exploit the specificity of volatile profiles to navigate the complex infochemical signals presented by plants in their efforts to locate a particular prey species. (wikipedia.org)
Some negative effects of imported coccinellids on native coccinellids and on non-target prey species have been reported. (usda.gov)

Tritrophic interactions in plant defense against herbivory describe the ecological impacts of three trophic levels on each other: the plant, the herbivore, and its natural enemies. (wikipedia.org)
Ecological niche modeling have been successfully applied to identify the potential distribution, even for rare species that have few recorded occurrence points. (scielo.br)
In this study, we evaluated the potential distribution and additionally generated the first data on the reproductive biology of Discocactus ferricola , due to its degree of threat and the absence of ecological data for that species. (scielo.br)
Our study highlights the use of ecological niche modeling and data on biotic interactions to evaluate species potential distribution, to guide new sampling efforts, and to assist conservation and management initiatives. (scielo.br)
Interpretation of models of fundamental ecological niches and species' distributional areas. (scielo.br)
Thus, the points of occurrence can be used to construct ecological niche models (ENM) also known as species distribution models (SDM) ( Soberón & Peterson 2005 SOBERÓN, J. & PETERSON, A.T. 2005. (scielo.br)
Broadly, my research strives to identify how variation arises and the processes by which it sorts into new species, as well as which ecological settings and factors that promote these processes. (lu.se)

A large number of influenza A viruses naturally reside in avian species where they constantly circulate and evolve. (springer.com)

The specificity of this approach can be improved by implementing high spectral resolution and using multiple excitation wavelengths. (parc.com)
The interaction between the excitation light and the analyte is enhanced by anti-resonantly guiding the excitation light within the analyte-containing fluid. (parc.com)

While evolutionarily conserved, ACE2 receptors differ across various species and differential interactions with Spike (S) glycoproteins of SARS-CoV-2 viruses impact species specificity. (cdc.gov)

This rejection mechanism is initiated by a ligand-receptor interaction and is genetically controlled by a single polymorphic locus, called the S -locus [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One crucial determinant of host tropism is hemagglutinin (HA) receptor specificity, in particular, preference of specific species of sialic acid on host cells. (springer.com)

A pig sperm protein that binds to the extracellular matrix of the egg in a species-specific manner was recently identified and named zonadhesin (Hardy, D. M., and Garbers, D. L. (1995) J. Biol. (embl.de)

To understand the potential non-target effects of coccinellid releases, greater research emphasis is needed on coccinellids in their native ranges, predator habitat specificity, colonization and use of non-agricultural environments, and assessment of community-level interactions. (usda.gov)
The occurrence of D. ferricola populations was limited to outcrops of flat ironstone (cangas) distributed in patches across the landscape, increasing the chances of serious threats, such as habitat loss due to mining and species extraction. (scielo.br)

Therefore, in situ conservation actions must prioritize the maintenance of interactions with pollinators by preserving the flora and fauna of rocky outcrops and adjacent forests in areas of greater environmental suitability for D. ferricola . (scielo.br)

The latter species is common and has a normal geographical pattern of voltinism: the number of annual generations is correlated with latitude. (bioone.org)
Geographical isolation and host specificity represent important pre-zygotic isolating mechanisms. (schisto.com)

These findings suggest that host-parasite interaction plays a major role in determining the degree of pathogenicity, and that in vitro and in vivo isolation, if not followed by subsequent passages, may fail to reveal major differences in virulence between isolates. (ox.ac.uk)

Furthermore, measurable binding affinities for various analyte interactions can vary based on the chemistry and detection technology ( Figure 1B ). (genengnews.com)

The former species is classified as a vulnerable species and exhibits a characteristic pattern of voltinism: univoltine and bivoltine populations are distributed in a scattered manner. (bioone.org)

Mammalian zonadhesin, which binds in a species-specific manner to the zona pellucida of the egg. (embl.de)

In this study, we have examined the species-specificity of Compstatin. (nih.gov)
2003). Both main-chain and side-chain atoms of compstatin are thought to be involved in interaction with C3 (Sahu et al. (justia.com)

The microbiome may lack statistical power to detect common, tumour site concordances can also play a critical part in host an increase in tumour incidence at among the species studied. (who.int)

Ten species are recognized within the genus Brucella . (hindawi.com)
Leishmaniasis represents a series of infections that have as etiological agents species of parasites of the genus Leishmania . (biomedcentral.com)
The genus Borrelia currently contains 37 species of spiro- spirochetes were commonly present in the midgut of infected chetes, many of which cause diseases in humans and domestic ticks and occasionally seen in the hindgut and rectal ampule. (cdc.gov)

Therefore, our study systems often include multiple plant- and insect species that form small interaction networks. (lu.se)

The students are especially to develop knowledge about vaccines, immune stimulants, vaccination and immunostimulants for aquatic organisms with emphasis on the immune prophylaxis for aquaculture species. (uib.no)

Oral bacteria are diverse, but in the immunocompetent individual the interaction between the various complex competing microflora provides relative stability. (medscape.com)
Porous silicon-based optical microsensors for volatile organic analytes: effect of surface chemistry on stability and specificity. (cdc.gov)

Species diversity in the structure of zonadhesin, a sperm-specific membrane protein containing multiple cell adhesion molecule-like domains. (embl.de)

As these interactions are both complex and multifaceted, the understanding of them and how they may improve agriculture is only beginning to evolve. (ialr.org)
In our lab group, we acknowledge that most species interactions evolve in site-specific networks of multiple coevolving species, and that each interaction is likely shaping suites of traits on both sides of the interaction. (lu.se)

genomes may elucidate genes that are unique to those species of spirochetes associated with ticks. (cdc.gov)
As the sequencing and gene annotation projects of entire genomes of many species are headed towards completion (see, e.g. [13] ), massive mapping efforts in biology are now focused on how the genes interact. (lu.se)

The aim of the course is to develop knowledge among students about the fish's immune system, its interaction with fish pathogens and responses to stimulation and vaccines. (uib.no)

Currently, several approaches for protein interaction prediction for non-model species incorporate only small fractions of the entire proteomes and their interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, we trained a machine-learning algorithm (Gradient Boosting) using docking information performed on a curated set of positive and negative protein interaction data. (biomedcentral.com)
Several methodologies, capable of handling and generating large-scale protein interaction data, have been employed, such as the experimental techniques of yeast two-hybrid and affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
PRDM9 is a member of the PRDM family of transcription regulators, but unlike other family members, it contains a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-related domain that is predicted to be a potential protein interaction domain. (springer.com)
Evolving New Protein-Protein Interaction Specificity through Promiscuous Intermediates. (cncr.nl)

As CXXC1 is orthologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spp1 that links DSB sites to the DSB machinery on the chromosome axis, we propose that these molecular interactions involved in the regulation of meiotic DSB formation are conserved in mouse meiosis. (springer.com)
The molecular interactions of genes and gene products underlie fundamental questions of biology. (lu.se)

Most infectious agents show a significant degree of host specificity , causing disease only in one or a few related species. (nih.gov)
While the standard filarial life cycle pattern involves a vertebrate definitive host and an invertebrate vector, represented by a blood-sucking ectoparasite, our finding suggests that microfilariae of this nematode species may also be semen-borne, with transmission intensity promoted by the polygynous mating system of vespertilionid bats in which an infected male mates with many females during the autumn swarming. (frontiersin.org)
However, while hundreds of nematodes have been described in bats ( 2 ), their biology, life cycles and host-parasite specificity and interactions remain largely unknown ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
With the huge influenza A virus reservoir in wild birds, it is a cause for concern when a new influenza strain emerges with the ability to cross host species barrier, as shown in light of the recent H7N9 outbreak in China. (springer.com)
Further understanding and determining host tropism would be important in identifying zoonotic influenza virus strains capable of crossing species barrier and infecting humans. (springer.com)
Studying Salmonellae and Yersiniae host-pathogen interactions using integrated 'omics and modeling. (ucsd.edu)
The specificity of host-pathogen interactions with emphasis on the specific i. (natural-foundation-science.org)
2021). Article 14: The specificity of host-pathogen interactions with emphasis on the specific inhibitor enzyme synthesized in the invasion-defense process. (natural-foundation-science.org)
Very few information is available on this predator-prey relationship at the species level, especially for deep-water taxa that tend to detach from their host upon collection. (szn.it)
Fish monocytes as a model for mycobacterial host-pathogen interactions. (tamu.edu)
We next established that parasite attachment occurs onto the host oesophagus independently of host species, gender and environmental conditions. (uni-muenchen.de)

On the other hand, we show that the attachment step is crucial for the pronounced genetic specificities of this system. (uni-muenchen.de)

Yet when some avian strains do acquire the ability to overcome species barrier, they might become adapted to humans, replicating efficiently and causing diseases, leading to potential pandemic. (springer.com)

With few exceptions, the effects of these species on resident pest and predator populations and communities have been superficially examined. (usda.gov)
Information on distribution, number of populations, and biotic interactions are essential for assessing the threat status of species and to establish more effective conservation initiatives. (scielo.br)
Our genetic analyses of these two species yielded contrasting results: a spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA) and F ST between each pair of populations revealed a locally fragmented genetic structure for Y. multistriata , compared to three distinct geographic groups of Y. argus within which range-wide gene flow occurs. (bioone.org)

The Bayesian posterior estimate for sensitivity was 89.6 (95% PI: 79.9-95.8), 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3-99.1), and 94 (95% PI: 87.8-97.5) and for specificity was 84.5 (95% PI: 68-94.98), 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7-98.8), and 88.5 (95% PI: 81-93.8) for RBT, I-ELISA, and CFT, respectively. (hindawi.com)
In this study I-ELISA was found with the best sensitivity and specificity estimates 96.8 (95% PI: 92.3-99.1) and 96.3 (95% PI: 91.7-98.8), compared to both CFT and RBPT. (hindawi.com)

A PCR assay targeting cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 confirmed that adult worms from the peritoneal cavity and testicular microfilariae were of the same filarial species. (frontiersin.org)

Despite its epidemiological importance, few antigens from this parasite species have been characterized to date compared to Plasmodium falciparum , due in part to the difficulties of maintaining an in vitro culture of P. vivax . (biomedcentral.com)
The specific association of antigens and antibodies is dependent on hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic forces, and Van der Waals forces. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Welding fumes from stainless steel gas metal arc processes contain multiple manganese chemical species. (cdc.gov)

Borden E.S., Phung T.N. et al (2021) Penalized regression analysis identifies features of the peptide: MHC class I interaction and mRNA expression as key to prioritizing neoantigen immunogenicity. (cncr.nl)

Currently, my main research activities include studies of mating-system and floral evolution in the neotropical vine Dalechampia, and studies of the role of species interactions in structuring the spatial and temporal dynamics of communities. (lu.se)

The PRDM9 zinc finger array is highly polymorphic both within and between species (Berg et al. (springer.com)

Each serum sample was subjected to the three tests and the results obtained were recorded and the test outcomes were cross-classified to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the tests using Bayesian model. (hindawi.com)

Describe the fish's immune system, and central features of the immune system in crustaceans that is relevant for immune stimulation of farmed species. (uib.no)

A hallmark of gamete interactions at fertilization is relative or absolute species specificity. (embl.de)

The greater the interaction, the stronger the affinity. (sigmaaldrich.com)

They may also be called multitrophic interactions when further trophic levels, such as soil microbes, endophytes, or hyperparasitoids (higher-order predators) are considered. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy6

Organisms14

Chemicals and Drugs25

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment20

Phenomena and Processes32

Information Science4

Health Care4

Antigen7

Antibody2

Pathogenic2

Bimolecular1

Pollination2

Proteins3

Amino acid2

Microbial4

Biological4

Infection5

Determines2

Membrane fusion1

Pollen6

Evolutionary3

Inhibitors4

Metabolic1

Infect3

Plant species1

Animal species3

Prey species2

Ecological7

Reside1

Excitation2

Receptors1

Receptor2

Extracellular1

Habitat2

Pollinators1

Geographical2

Reveal1

Analyte1

Exhibits1

Mammalian1

Compstatin2

Among the species1

Genus3

Insect1

Organisms1

Stability2

Diversity1

Evolve2

Genomes2

Pathogens1

Protein interaction5

Molecular interactions2

Host11

Attachment1

Humans1

Populations3

ELISA2

Assay1

Antigens2

Processes1

Peptide1

Spatial1

Polymorphic1

Estimate1

Describe1

Fertilization1

Affinity1

Microbes1