The other major Atropa belladonna-derived drug hyoscine (known in the United States as Scopolamine) has 92 per cent of the antimuscarinic potency of atropine. (wikipedia.org)
Later, it was found that the same substance could be used in the production of scopolamine and hyoscyamine, which are used in eye surgery, and a multi-million dollar industry was built in Queensland based on this substance. (wikipedia.org)
Atropa1
It is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants of the family Solanaceae, including henbane, mandrake, angel's trumpets, jimsonweed, the sorcerers' tree, and Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade). (wikipedia.org)
Many cultures worldwide add plants with tropane alkaloids (particularly Datura species) to alcoholic beverages to increase intoxication. (medscape.com)
As hyoscyamine is a direct precursor in the plant biosynthesis of hyoscine, it is produced via the same metabolic pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Anticholinergic3
Although most tropane alkaloids cause an anticholinergic syndrome, a case report indicates that the tropane alkaloid-containing medicinal herb Erycibe henri Prain ("Ting Kung Teng") contains a tropane alkaloid that may cause a cholinergic syndrome, as well as kidney, liver, and erythrocyte toxicity. (medscape.com)
[ 14 ] This is considered atypical for the tropane alkaloids, which are predominantly strongly anticholinergic. (medscape.com)
Toxicity from plants containing tropane alkaloids manifests as classic anticholinergic poisoning. (medscape.com)
Naturally1
Hyoscyamine (also known as daturine or duboisine) is a naturally occurring tropane alkaloid and plant toxin. (wikipedia.org)
Include2
[ 1 ] The alkaloids represent a very diverse group of medically significant compounds that include well-known drugs such as the opiates. (medscape.com)
A subgroup of the alkaloids is the alkaloid amines, which include three major pharmacologic groups: the hallucinogenic alkaloid amines, the stimulant alkaloid amines, and the tropane alkaloids (also called the belladonna alkaloids or bicyclic alkaloids). (medscape.com)
Plant2
Alkaloids are plant metabolites that have a nitrogen-containing chemical ring structure, alkali-like chemical reactivity, and pharmacologic activity. (medscape.com)
Isoquinoline alkaloids - Isoquinoline alkaloids 1-Benzyl isoquinoline type: Papaverine: An opiate alkaloid isolated from the plant Papaver somniferum and produced synthetically. (powershow.com)
Treatment1
Between them is the therapeutic window where safe and effective treatment will occur. (skepticalob.com)
Scopolamine and hyoscyamine1
Later, it was found that the same substance could be used in the production of scopolamine and hyoscyamine, which are used in eye surgery, and a multi-million dollar industry was built in Queensland based on this substance. (wikipedia.org)
Anticholinergic syndrome1
Although most tropane alkaloids cause an anticholinergic syndrome, a case report indicates that the tropane alkaloid-containing medicinal herb Erycibe henri Prain ("Ting Kung Teng") contains a tropane alkaloid that may cause a cholinergic syndrome, as well as renal, hepatic, and erythrocyte toxicity. (medscape.com)
Predominantly1
[ 13 ] This is considered atypical for the tropane alkaloids, which are predominantly strongly anticholinergic. (medscape.com)
Ingestion1
Symptoms usually occur 30-60 minutes after ingestion and may continue for 24-48 hours because tropane alkaloids delay gastric emptying and absorption. (medscape.com)
Cultures1
Tropane alkaloids in auxin-independent root cultures of Physochlaina physaloides. (ncats.io)
Species2
The proportion of each alkaloid present varies among species, time of year, location, and part of plant. (medscape.com)
Their exact natural distribution is uncertain, due to extensive cultivation and naturalization throughout the temperate and tropical regions of the globe, but is most likely restricted to the Americas , from the United States south through Mexico (where the highest species diversity occurs) to the mid-latitudes of South America. (findmeacure.com)
Symptoms2
Chinese herbal medicines containing tropane alkaloids have been used to treat asthma, chronic bronchitis, pain, and flu symptoms. (medscape.com)
Stramonium is, in fact, so similar to belladonna in the symptoms produced by it in small or large doses, in its toxicity and its general physiological and therapeutic action, that the two drugs are practically identical, and since they are about the same strength in activity, the preparations may be used in similar doses. (findmeacure.com)
Acetylcholine1
Hyoscyamine inhibits specifically the actions of acetylcholine on structures innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves and on smooth muscles that respond to acetylcholine but lack cholinergic innervation. (ncats.io)
Strongly1
Stramonium has been employed in all the conditions for which belladonna is more commonly used, but acts much more strongly on the respiratory organs, and has acquired special repute as one of the chief remedies for spasmodic asthma, being used far more as the principal ingredient in asthma powders and cigarettes than internally. (findmeacure.com)
Plants2
Toxicity from plants containing tropane alkaloids manifests as classic anticholinergic poisoning. (medscape.com)
Tropane alkaloids are found in all parts of the plants, with highest concentrations in roots and seeds. (medscape.com)
Major1
The three major pharmacologic groups of alkaloid amines are the hallucinogenic alkaloid amines, the stimulant alkaloid amines, and the highly anticholinergic tropane alkaloids (also called the belladonna alkaloids or bicyclic alkaloids). (medscape.com)
Treat1
Hyoscyamine is used to treat a variety of stomach/intestinal problems such as cramps and irritable bowel syndrome. (ncats.io)
Central1
It is considered slightly more sedative to the central nervous system than is belladonna. (findmeacure.com)