In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Neural cell adhesion molecule: structure, immunoglobulin-like domains, cell surface modulation, and alternative RNA splicing. (academicinfluence.com)
Antibody2
The CD5 antibody, clone L17F12, is derived from the hybridization of NS-1/Ag4 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from BALB/c mice immunized with human T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
The CD5 antibody is composed of mouse IgG2a heavy chains and kappa light chains. (bdbiosciences.com)
Probes1
c-kit point mutation Asp816-Val was detected by PNA mediated PCR clamping and hybridisation probes. (bmj.com)
Chromosome4
These B-cells are abnormal: they are monoclonal, i.e. produced by a single ancestral B-cell, and have some of the same cell marker proteins, chromosome abnormalities, and gene mutations found in CLL. (wikipedia.org)
The hOAT3 protein was shown to be localized in the basolateral membrane of renal proximal tubules and the hOAT3 gene was determined to be located on the human chromosome 11q12-q13.3 by fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis. (aspetjournals.org)
The chromosome diagrams and the locations of the genes on the cytogenetic map are according to the NCBI MapViewer [ 67 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The characteristics of a single copy of a specific gene, or of a single copy of a specific location on a chromosome. (ojp.gov)
Protein11
Some eight years later it was discovered that triplets of the base pairs specified each amino acid in the polypeptide chain of each protein [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
optimal dilutions of specific immunoglobulin (1:500, corresponding to protein concentration of 50 micrograms/ml) and conjugate were found. (liverpool.ac.uk)
These include functions that promote viral gene transcription, inhibition of host mRNA processing, increased degradation of mRNA, and a shutoff of host protein synthesis (29, 52, 58). (moam.info)
The genes encoding CaaX protein prenyltransferases are considerably longer than those encoding non-CaaX subunits, as a result of longer introns. (biomedcentral.com)
The genomic organization of the human genes that encode protein prenyltransferases is shown in Figure 1 . (biomedcentral.com)
Gene structures and chromosomal locations of human protein prenyltransferase subunit genes. (biomedcentral.com)
(b) genes encoding non-CaaX protein prenyltransferases are much shorter. (biomedcentral.com)
Automatic comparisons of data from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with genes (for example using the program Acembly, for which the results are available from the NCBI AceView server [ 2 ]) shows that all the human protein prenyltransferase genes have multiple alternative splice variants. (biomedcentral.com)
The chromosomal locations and number of exons from protein prenyltransferase genes in the major eukaryotic model organisms are shown in Table 2 . (biomedcentral.com)
The 30-kDa membrane-bound c-type cytochrome protein of mitochondria that functions as an electron donor to CYTOCHROME C GROUP in the mitochondrial and bacterial RESPIRATORY CHAIN. (lookformedical.com)
A bacterial protein from Pseudomonas, Bordetella, or Alcaligenes which operates as an electron transfer unit associated with the cytochrome chain. (lookformedical.com)
Suppressor1
The review highlights the discovery of oncogenes and suppressor tumor genes, underlining the crucial role of these achievements in cancer diagnosis and therapies. (jcancer.org)
Genome1
The gene encoding the Ov-phy-1 open reading frame contained 11 introns, similar in structure to the gene encoding human prolyl 4-hydroxylase isoform I. Genomic Southern blot, EST and genomic PCR studies demonstrated that the O. volvulus genome contained between three and eight genes closely related to Ov-phy-1. (embl.de)
Chromosomes1
A gene present on the X and Y sex chromosomes that is used in DNA identification testing to determine the gender of the donor of the DNA in a biological sample. (ojp.gov)
To explore the role of adenoviral co-infection (simultaneous infection by multiple pathogenic adenovirus species) in breakthrough disease, we examined specimens from patients with ARD by using 3 methods to detect multiple adenoviral species: a DNA microarray, a polymerase chain reaction- (PCR)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a multiplex PCR assay. (cdc.gov)
Expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis and developmental polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies demonstrated that Ov-phy-1 was expressed in L3 and adult parasites. (embl.de)
Variants in blood pressure genes and the risk of Accardi R, Rubino R, Scalise M et col . (2011). (who.int)
Clusters1
The biosynthesis gene clusters for grixazone and hexahydroxyperylenequinone are examples. (go.jp)
Monoclonal2
In contrast, B cells from immunocytomas showed light chain restriction and monoclonal rearrangement for IgH, confirming their neoplastic nature. (bmj.com)
Human T-cell antigens defined by monoclonal antibodies: The 65,000-dalton antigen of T cells (T65) is also found on chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells bearing surface immunoglobulin. (bdbiosciences.com)
Molecular1
This mechanism also applies to hematopoietic cells transformed by other HOX genes, including CDX2, which is highly expressed in a majority of acute myeloid leukemias, thus providing a molecular approach based on GSK-3 inhibitory strategies to target HOX-associated transcription in a broad spectrum of leukemias. (stanford.edu)
MRNA1
Fibroblasts from lesional tissue of patients with eosinophilic fasciitis produce excess collagen in vitro and display elevated TGF-beta and type 1 collagen mRNA levels when examined via in situ hybridization with specific cDNA. (medscape.com)
Proteins2
Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
8, 9] Therefore, the pathogenesis appears to involve the concomitant increase in the expression of genes for TGF-beta and extracellular matrix proteins in fibroblasts in the affected tissues. (medscape.com)
Mitochondrial1
These regulators include canonical genes that control lipid metabolism as well as genes involved in ubiquitination, transcription, and mitochondrial function. (stanford.edu)
Oncogenes1
Without doubt, the first human transforming gene, and more broadly, oncogenes and anti-oncogenes, had been previously theorized by Theodor Boveri. (jcancer.org)
Replication1
Given that HSV-1 encodes several microRNAs, it is possible that a dynamic equilibrium exists between silencing and silencing suppression that is capable of modulating viral gene expression to promote replication, to evade host defenses, and/or to promote latency. (moam.info)
Disruption2
We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer. (stanford.edu)
Mice that are homozygous for a targeted disruption of the LDL receptor gene (LDLR-/- mice) were fed a diet that contained 1.25% cholesterol, 7.5% cocoa butter, 7.5% casein, and 0.5% cholic acid. (jci.org)
Cells1
Less commonly, the disease comes to light only after the cancerous cells overwhelm the bone marrow, resulting in low red blood cells, neutrophils, or platelets. (wikipedia.org)
Human1
Amazingly, the first human cancer gene was cloned only thirty years ago. (jcancer.org)
Specific3
therapy of ebola fever should be based on the earliest possible and sufficiently prolonged administration of specific immunoglobulins in combination with pathogenetic drugs. (liverpool.ac.uk)
RNAi is mediated by small (21- to 24-nucleotide [nt]) antisense RNAs that induce gene-specific silencing by virtue of complete or partial complementarity with their respective target mRNAs (2, 13, 72, 73, 75). (moam.info)
Enzymes of various catalytic functions in Streptomyces are useful as members of an artificial gene cluster constructed in Escherichia coli for fermentative production of plant-specific flavonoids, including isoflavones and unnatural compounds. (go.jp)
Biology1
Nothing in biology is understandable except in the light of genetics. (deltastate.edu)
Suppressed in long-term1
The majority of the genes were suppressed in long-term type 1 DM compared to controls and new-onset patients. (indexindex.com)
Include1
The target genes of the regulatory cascade include genes of various functions required for morphological development and secondary metabolite formation. (go.jp)
Cell1
For the gene family, see B-cell CLL/lymphoma . (wikipedia.org)
Types1
CLL is divided into two main types: Those with a mutated IGHV gene Those without. (wikipedia.org)
Blood1
genes in peripheral blood of at-risk, new-onset and long-term type 1 DM , and healthy controls. (indexindex.com)
Levels1
Increased gene expression levels for IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 in new-onset patients from at-risk patients might be used as potential markers for progression of the disease. (indexindex.com)
Link1
For his Bakerian Lecture , On the Relations of Electrical Changes, considered as the last link, in the order of time, of the splendid chain of Discoveries in Chemical Electricity, which has been continued for so many years of his valuable life. (ipfs.io)
Studies1
Although the etiology of eosinophilic fasciitis is unknown, studies have shed light on some of the mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis. (medscape.com)