• Researchers have identified hundreds of different versions (alleles) of the HLA-DRB1 gene, each of which is given a particular number (such as HLA-DRB1 *04:01). (medlineplus.gov)
  • HLA-DR alleles, polymorphisms, and aberrant expression are linked to a variety of diseases including autoimmunity and cancer. (rndsystems.com)
  • Analysis of peptide-binding motifs for two disease associated HLA-DR13 alleles using an M13 phage display library. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These DR13 alleles differ only at position 86 of the HLA-DR beta chain, where they contain valine and glycine residues respectively. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These three associated variants within the BTNL2 gene were neither in linkage disequilibrium with each other nor correlated with the SNPs tagging the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*1502 and HLA-DRB1*0301 alleles. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Association of extrahepatic manifestations with HLA class II alleles and with virus genotype in HCV infected patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Viral genotype and HLA class II alleles influence on extra-hepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection]. (cdc.gov)
  • We conducted a meta-analysis of four independent European SLE case collections for associations between SLE sub-phenotypes and MHC single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and variant HLA amino acids. (cdc.gov)
  • 12 - 15 These studies focused mainly on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes, and found evidence that class II alleles such as HLA-DRB1*03:01 are associated with auto-antibody production. (cdc.gov)
  • 13 Our study substantially expands this work by not only analysing imputed classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, but also examining variant HLA amino-acid positions in conjunction with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes across the extended MHC region (chromosome 6: 26-34 Mb). (cdc.gov)
  • 2 Baudouin C, Brinole F, Bayle J, Fredj-Reygrobellet D, Lapalus P, Gastaud P. Class II histocompatibility antigen expression by cellular components of vitreous and subretinal fluid in proliferative vitreoretinopathy. (sanarmed.com)
  • 6 With respect to activity, HLA-G molecules can inhibit natural killer cell mediated and antigen specific CD8 + T cell mediated cytolysis, 7 induce apoptosis of activated CD8 + T cells, 8 suppress the proliferation of allogeneic CD4 + T cells, 9 and inhibit the transendothelial migration of natural killer cells. (bmj.com)
  • In conjunction with the CD3/TCR complex and CD4 molecules, HLA-DR is critical for efficient peptide presentation to CD4 + T cells. (biolegend.com)
  • The L243 monoclonal antibody reacts with the HLA-DR antigen, a member of MHC class II molecules. (biolegend.com)
  • To perform this function, DC are capable of capturing antigens, processing them, and presenting them on the cell surface complexed to major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules, for example, human leukocyte antigen- (HLA-) DR. Along with that, context-dependent expression of costimulatory molecules, such as CD80 and CD86, and secretion of cytokines occurs. (hindawi.com)
  • Specific aim 1 is to determine the expression of HLA antigens and co-stimulatory molecules on PDX1+ pancreatic progenitor cells. (rotrf.org)
  • HLA-DR, like other MHC class II molecules, is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of a 36 kDa alpha chain (DRA) and 27 kDa beta chain (DRB). (thermofisher.com)
  • The human MHC class II molecules bind intracellularly processed peptides, present them to T-helper cells, and have a critical role in the initiation of the immune response. (thermofisher.com)
  • We have analysed the peptide binding motifs of HLA-DRB1*1301 and *1302 using affinity purified HLA-DR13 molecules to purify sequentially HLA-DR13-binding peptides from a large random library of M13 phage containing nonamer inserts in the pIII coat protein. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Analysis of the phage bound to these DR molecules suggests binding motifs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Antigens are the molecules that are recognized and stimulate the cells of immune system. (medscape.com)
  • Immunoglobulins (Igs), the term is sometimes used interchangeably with "antibodies," are glycoprotein molecules produced by B lymphocytes and plasma cells in response to an immunogen or after recognition of specific epitopes on the antigen. (medscape.com)
  • Variable region constitutes the antibody binding region of the molecule to the different antigens as it consists of about 110 amino acids that vary widely among the different antibody molecules. (medscape.com)
  • Recent advances in class II tetramer staining technology have allowed reliable direct ex vivo visualization of antigen-specific CD4 T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Direct visualization of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells during the primary immune response to Epstein-Barr virus In vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Antagonistic Human FcγRIIB (CD32B) Antibodies Have Anti-Tumor Activity and Overcome Resistance to Antibody Therapy In Vivo. (lu.se)
  • The cellular response is mainly a lymphocyte-mediated reaction, whereas the humoral response includes production of antibodies against the antigen by the plasma cells. (medscape.com)
  • The antibodies then specifically bind to only those particular antigens. (medscape.com)
  • Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stained with (A) Mouse Anti-Human HLA-DR Alexa Fluor® 700-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB4869N) or (B) isotype control antibody (Catalog # IC002N ) Mouse anti-Human CD19 PE-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB4867P ). (rndsystems.com)
  • Human whole blood was stained with either BD Horizon™ RB780 Mouse IgG2a, κ Isotype Control (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The bivariate pseudocolor density plot showing the correlated expression of HLA-DR (or Ig Isotype control staining) versus side-light scatter (SSC-A) signals was derived from gated events with the side and forward light-scatter characteristics of intact leucocyte populations. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Two years later, French immunologist Dr. Jean Dausset discovered human leukocyte antigens (HLA). (umn.edu)
  • Left Plot) or BD Horizon™ RB780 Mouse Anti-Human HLA-DR antibody (Cat. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • As control we used a human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA DR) antibody with equal inhibitory capacities on cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The following product was used in this experiment: HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody (LN3), Super Bright™ 436, eBioscience™ from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 62-9956-42, RRID AB_2744822. (thermofisher.com)
  • Applications Tested: This LN3 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • Our results provide strong evidence for a multilevel risk model for HLA-DRB1*03:01 in SLE, where the association with anti-Ro and anti-La antibody-positive SLE is much stronger than SLE without these autoantibodies. (cdc.gov)
  • A serum sample test showed a weak positive result for dengue virus by using IgM and IgG antibody tests, and a strong positive result for dengue virus nonstructural protein-1, or NS1, antigen, demonstrating acute dengue virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Epitopes are a component of the antigen that are recognized by the immune system and determine whether the cellular or the humoral arm of the immune system shall be activated against that particular antigen. (medscape.com)
  • Controversy and debate surround the role of the non-classic human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecule HLA-G. 1, 2 Initially, the expression of HLA-G was reported to occur only in a limited subset of trophoblast cells at the fetal-maternal interface. (bmj.com)
  • These revised guidelines were developed by CDC for laboratories performing lymphocyte immunophenotyping assays in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons. (cdc.gov)
  • It has been suggested that the non-classic HLA class I molecule HLA-G plays a role in autoimmune disease by protecting tissues from damage by infiltrating cytotoxic T cells. (bmj.com)
  • Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. (thermofisher.com)
  • However, terminally differentiated HLA-DR + Tregs are mobilized the following day, which could represent a compensatory attempt by the host to restore immune homeostasis and limit excessive cell damage. (nih.gov)
  • The HLA-DRB1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The HLA complex helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is not clear how HLA-DRB1*04:04 and other HLA-DRB1 variations are involved in the inappropriate immune response that causes autoimmune Addison disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This interaction is central to antigen specificity in the adaptive immune response. (rndsystems.com)
  • 10 Coupled with the reported tissue distribution, these inhibitory effects upon immune cells have led to the suggestion that HLA-G has a role in maintaining maternal-fetal tolerance, 11 reducing transplant rejection, 12 and in allowing the progression of tumours. (bmj.com)
  • Here, our objective is to study how the human adaptive immune system recognizes and responds in vivo to an enriched, non-tumorforming population of hESC-derived pancreatic precursor cells, which express the homeodomain protein PDX1. (rotrf.org)
  • In this project, we will test the hypothesis that human PDX1+ pancreatic progenitor cells stimulate a less vigorous immune response than normal adult islets by studying the adaptive immune responses to such cells in humanized mice. (rotrf.org)
  • In aim 2, human PDX1+ progenitors will be transplanted into mice previously conditioned to harbor a human immune system. (rotrf.org)
  • Overall, these studies will test whether human PDX1+ cells stimulate an allogeneic adaptive immune response in vivo and provide a platform for restoration of lost b cell function. (rotrf.org)
  • A complex cellular system like the human immune system only functions in a tightly regulated balance between activation and inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dr. Robert Good completed the procedure on David Camp, a baby with a severe immune deficiency, using marrow donated by David's nine-year-old sister, who was an HLA match. (umn.edu)
  • In this study, we have used tetrameric major histocompatibility complex-peptide complexes to directly visualize antigen-specific cluster of differentration (CD)8+ T cells during the primary immune response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in humans. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Human innate immune responses to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and HDI-albumin conjugates. (cdc.gov)
  • The body's immune system can react adaptively against the antigen via 2 pathways: cellular or humoral. (medscape.com)
  • Accurate and reliable measures of CD4+ T-lymphocytes (CD4+ T-cells) are essential to the assessment of the immune system of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons (1-3). (cdc.gov)
  • We aimed to characterize macrophage phenotype and function in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue in relation to insulin resistance in obesity. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • The majority of the antigen-specific cells had an activated/memory phenotype, with expression of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR, CD38, and CD45RO, downregulation of CD62 leukocyte (CD62L), and low levels of expression of CD45RA. (ox.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stimulated in vitro with HDI-albumin conjugates or control antigen, and changes in phenotype, gene and protein expression were characterized by flow cytometry, microarray, Western blot and ELISA. (cdc.gov)
  • In vivo, HDI-exposed subjects exhibited a drastic increase in the percentage of PBMCs with the same HDI-albumin responsive phenotype characterized in vitro (HLA-DR(+)/CD11c(+) with altered light scatter properties). (cdc.gov)
  • Detection of HLA‑DR in Human Blood Lymphocytes by Flow Cytometry. (rndsystems.com)
  • In the present review, we provide evidence for how the interaction of dietary lectins with enterocytes and lymphocytes may facilitate the translocation of both dietary and gut-derived pathogenic antigens to peripheral tissues, which in turn causes persistent peripheral antigenic stimulation. (cambridge.org)
  • HLA-DR is a heterodimeric transmembrane protein composed of alpha and beta subunits and plays an important role in the presentation of peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
  • HLA-DR is expressed primarily on antigen presenting cells such as B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, thymic epithelial cells and activated T lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
  • Multiparameter flow cytometric analysis of HLA-DR expression on Human peripheral blood leucocyte populations. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • They used human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) conjunctival expression as a biomarker of ocular surface inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • The HLA-DRB1 gene is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The HLA-DRB1 gene belongs to a group of MHC genes called MHC class II. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Homologous recombination is employed to inactivate genes, particularly genes associated with MHC antigens. (justia.com)
  • The most significant (P-values 0.007-0.05) changes in microarray gene expression were noted in lysosomal genes, especially peptidases and proton pumps involved in antigen processing. (cdc.gov)
  • His postdoctoral training was performed on minor H antigens in organ- and stem-cell transplantation in the laboratory of Prof. Dr. Els Goulmy, Leiden, The Netherlands. (umcutrecht.nl)
  • Using a single LV containing two constitutive promoters, we achieved strong and sustained expression of both transgenes in transduced engrafting CD34 + HSCs and their progeny, as well as in other human cell types. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Background: Monocytic human leukocyte antigen DR (mHLA-DR) expression levels have been reported to be a marker of immunosuppression and predictors of sepsis and death. (hla-dr.com)
  • The aim of the current study was to analyse thyroid tissue and thyrocytes obtained from individuals with autoimmune thyroid disease for the expression of HLA-G. (bmj.com)
  • HLA-G expression was analysed in thyroid tissue taken from six patients with GD and one with HT by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. (bmj.com)
  • HLA-G expression was also examined in cultured thyroid follicular cells (TFCs). (bmj.com)
  • The expression of HLA-G was not detected in the thyroid gland of patients with either GD, HT, or MNG. (bmj.com)
  • Furthermore, HLA-G expression could not be detected in cultured patient TFCs under basal conditions or after stimulation with the proinflammatory cytokines-interleukin 1α, interferon γ, and tumour necrosis factor α. (bmj.com)
  • HLA-G expression does not occur in the thyroid of patients with GD, indicating that HLA-G does not play a pathophysiological role in this autoimmune disorder. (bmj.com)
  • Although the expression of HLA-G was not detected in the thyroid sample of the patient with HT, a greater sample size would be required to conclude that HLA-G does not have a part to play in this autoimmune thyroid disease. (bmj.com)
  • 13 Furthermore, the expression of HLA-G has been reported in skin biopsies taken from patients with the chronic inflammatory diseases, psoriasis 14 and atopic dermatitis, 15 and in the muscle fibres of individuals with inflammatory myopathy. (bmj.com)
  • Monocytes activated by tumour-derived microvesicles from pancreatic, colon and lung cancer cell lines have been found to show increased expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and a resulting increase in production of reactive oxygen intermediates and TNF-α 11 . (ersjournals.com)
  • To evaluate the pattern of expression of MHC Class II in vitro in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) explant cultures treated with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and in vivo in rabbit RPE after subretinal injection of IFN-γ. (sanarmed.com)
  • Class II expression was studied on RPE by immunohistochemistry in explant cultures of 6 adult human eyes (all over 70 years), 4 fetal human eyes, and in 12 albino rabbit eyes. (sanarmed.com)
  • RPE cells are heterogeneous in their expression of HLA Class II after stimulation with IFN-γ in both in vitro and in vivo studies. (sanarmed.com)
  • Compared with vehicle, CsA CE significantly decreased median HLA-DR expression at six months. (medscape.com)
  • RESULTS: Human monocytes take up HDI-albumin conjugates and undergo marked changes in morphology and gene/protein expression in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • 3 However, further studies have suggested that HLA-G is expressed in other tissues such as thymic epithelial cells, 4 in addition to tumours 5 and transplant biopsies. (bmj.com)
  • HLA-DR antigens on retinal pigment epithelial cells from patients with uveitis. (sanarmed.com)
  • Conditional analyses showed that anti-Ro and anti-La subsets are independently associated with HLA-DRB1*0301, and that the HLA-DRB1*03:01 association with SLE is largely but not completely driven by the association of this allele with these sub-phenotypes. (cdc.gov)
  • Genetic diversity of the KIR/HLA system and susceptibility to hepatitis C virus-related diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) may one day be used as a source of pancreatic progenitor cells and/or b cells for transplantation into patients with type I diabetes mellitus. (rotrf.org)
  • A major component of medical care is anti-infective and prevention of further infectious episodes by regular infusion of human immunoglobulin and antimicrobial therapy. (medscape.com)
  • 16 Such observations have initiated the idea that HLA-G might protect tissues from damage by infiltrating cytotoxic T cells during the process of inflammation 2 because HLA-G has been shown to modulate the T helper (Th) cytokine balance in favour of Th2 type anti-inflammatory cytokine responses. (bmj.com)
  • The antigen for MRP 8/14 has been found in inflammatory tissues only and shown to be absent from normal resident mononuclear phagocytes 13 . (ersjournals.com)
  • In human postnatal dental tissues, five main sources of DSCs have been identified: dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), 11 stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), 12 periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), 13 dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) 14 and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs). (bvsalud.org)
  • The patient's T-cells are introduced to DNA that first incorporates itself into their genome to produce a new protein - a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - that activates each cell, giving it the ability to detect and bind to a lymphoma cell. (rochester.edu)
  • Therefore, in this study, we assessed the ability of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) to express the characteristics of ECs after induction in vitro to evaluate the theoretical feasibility of maintaining or restoring the function of ECs after intraocular application. (molvis.org)
  • In vitro aging of bovine and human rutural pigment epithelium: number and activity of the Na/K ATPase pump. (sanarmed.com)
  • HLA-DR is a heterodimeric cell surface glycoprotein comprised of a 36 kD α (heavy) chain and a 27 kD β (light) chain. (biolegend.com)
  • Interestingly, the number of CD80 + pDC positively correlates with the presence of IL-10-producing regulatory type 1 cells (Tr1), an important cell type for maintaining peripheral tolerance to self-antigens. (hindawi.com)
  • We established a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) grade cell facility to produce clinic-grade human umbilical cord derived MSCs (HUCMSCs) for treating premature ovarian failure (POF) and recurrent uterine adhesion [18, 20]. (researchsquare.com)
  • His current scientific interest focusses on the role of indirect recognition of mismatched HLA in transplantation and on post-transplant immunomonitoring via Next Generation Sequencing of T- and B-cell receptors and immunoglobulins. (umcutrecht.nl)
  • The antigen processing and presentation, natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity and T-cell receptor signaling pathway were enriched in PL compared with LM. (bmj.com)
  • Dr. Abutalib is Assistant Director in the Stem Cell Transplant & Cell Therapy Program at Cancer Treatment Centers of America in Chicago. (ascopost.com)
  • 9 Percopo Cm, Hooks JJ, Shinohara T, Caspi R, Detriek B. Cytokine-mediated activation of a neuronal retinal resident cell provokes antigen presentation. (sanarmed.com)
  • The magnitude of the antigen-specific component versus the bystander component of a primary T cell response remains controversial. (ox.ac.uk)
  • HLA-DR is expressed primarily by B cells and dendritic cells (DC), in which it binds peptides derived from internalized and processed antigenic proteins. (rndsystems.com)
  • We designed a study to find theoretical evidence for the induction, movement, fusion, proliferation, and safety of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) in intraocular application. (molvis.org)
  • To compare the heterogeneities of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) derived from different donors and test their therapeutic variations in mouse liver fibrosis model. (researchsquare.com)
  • In the present study we examined the protective potential of exogenously administered human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) against Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) induced acute colitis in immunodeficient NOD.CB 17 - Prkdc scid /J mice with particular attention to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In vivo, human HDI exposure was performed via a specific inhalation challenge, and subsequent changes in PBMCs and serum proteins were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA. (cdc.gov)
  • Clone L243 binds a conformational epitope on HLA-DRa which depends on the correct folding of the aß heterodimer. (biolegend.com)
  • DC are professional antigen-presenting cells with the unique capacity to polarize the differentiation of T cells, thereby regulating the balance between inflammation and tolerance [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 8,9 Because dental stem cells (DSCs) are easy to obtain and present a great potential of differentiation, there has been a growing interest in their use in regenerative medicine for treatment of various human diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • These cells are reported to express the CD163 antigen 7 , 8 . (ersjournals.com)
  • You're bypassing a lot of the regulatory checks and balances that have prevented previous attempts to generate tumor-killing T-cells,' said Dr. Dan Ryan , director of Central Labs . (rochester.edu)
  • Tissue culture medium conditioned by CD11c + ATMs, but not CD11c − ATMs or other stromovascular cells, impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by human adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • We show that massive expansion of activated, antigen-specific T cells occurs during the primary response to this virus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • After recovery from AIM, the frequency of antigen-specific T cells fell in most donors studied, although populations of antigen-specific cells continued to be easily detectable for at least 3 yr. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Correspondence with low molecular weight chemicals that results in the priming of chemical-specific, Prof. Dr. Stefan F. Martin, Allergy Research skin-homing CD8+ Tc1/Tc17 and CD4+ Th1/Th17 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • HLA compatibility between recipient and donor is vital for a successful transplant. (umn.edu)
  • The markers CD45RA and HLA-DR were included to define naïve and terminally differentiated Tregs, respectively. (nih.gov)
  • The Genomic Alliance for Transplantation (GRAfT), established by Dr. Hannah Valantine in 2015 , is a consortium of NHLBI and 8 heart and lung transplant programs located in 5 hospitals within geographic proximity of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), directed by Dr. Hannah Valantine. (nih.gov)
  • Transplants of undifferentiated hESC and adult human islets will be studied in parallel. (rotrf.org)
  • An adult human produces approximately 2-3 grams of Ig every day. (medscape.com)
  • Class II Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) play an important role in host protection from foreign. (hla-dr.com)
  • sub.2 -microglobulin gene is inactivated for reducing or eliminating Class I MHC antigens. (justia.com)
  • Each host has a personal set of Class I and II MHC antigens, which serve to distinguish that host from other hosts. (justia.com)
  • The human explants were stimulated with IFN-γ (50 U/ml) for 72 hours prior to immunostaining for Class II. (sanarmed.com)
  • Regional differences in Class II are seen in aged human eyes but not in fetal human eyes. (sanarmed.com)
  • Three loci, DR, DQ and DP, encode the major expressed products of the human class II region. (thermofisher.com)
  • The protein produced from the HLA-DRB1 gene, called the beta chain, attaches (binds) to another protein called the alpha chain, which is produced from the HLA-DRA gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Certain variations in the HLA-DRB1 gene have been linked to an increased risk of developing an autoimmune disorder called autoimmune Addison disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A particular HLA-DRB1 gene variant called HLA-DRB1*04:04 is the most well-known risk factor for autoimmune Addison disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Variations in the HLA-DRB1 gene have been associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis. (medlineplus.gov)
  • HLA-DRB1*03:01 was significantly associated with both sub-phenotypes. (cdc.gov)
  • Retinal vascular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), can cause irreversible vision loss. (molvis.org)
  • These findings identify proinflammatory CD11c + ATMs as markers of insulin resistance in human obesity. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Dr. Spierings received his PhD degree as immunologist at the Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands and was subsequently recognized as SMBWO Immunologist by the Dutch Society for Immunology. (umcutrecht.nl)