• Using FRET-based sensors to monitor cAMP and PKA-dependent phosphorylation in the cytosol and outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) of primary rat cardiomyocytes, we demonstrate that comparable cAMP increases in these two compartments evoke higher levels of PKA-dependent phosphorylation in the OMM. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We present a model that accounts for these unexpected results in which the degree of PKA-dependent phosphorylation is dictated by both the subcellular distribution of the phosphatases and the different accessibility of membrane-bound and soluble phosphorylated substrates to the cytosolic enzymes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Both calcium/calmodulin and protein phosphorylation mechanisms control its activity. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • To map the mechanisms of aggressiveness we aimed to investigate changes in protein phosphorylation across WHO grades of human meningiomas. (nature.com)
  • Protein phosphorylation, which plays a key role in most cellular activities, is a reversible process mediated by protein kinases and phosphoprotein phosphatases. (embl.de)
  • Phosphorylation usually results in a functional change of the target protein by changing enzyme activity, cellular location, or association with other proteins. (embl.de)
  • AGC kinase proteins are characterised by three conserved phosphorylation sites that critically regulate their function. (embl.de)
  • The two other phosphorylation sites are located outside the kinase domain in a conserved region on its C-terminal side, the AGC-kinase C-terminal domain. (embl.de)
  • 5 ], inducing apoptosis through phosphorylation and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins BCL-2 and BCL-XL respectively [ 6 - 9 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKACG gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) consists of two catalytic subunits and a regulatory subunit dimer. (wikipedia.org)
  • CONTEXT: Carney complex (CNC) is an autosomal dominant condition caused, in most cases, by an inactivating mutation of the PRKAR1A gene, which encodes for the type 1 alpha regulatory subunit of protein kinase A. CNC is characterized by the occurrence of endocrine overactivity, myxomas and typical skin manifestations. (kl.ac.at)
  • Somatic mutations of the catalytic subunit of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PRKACA) gene in Japanese patients with several adrenal adenomas secreting cortisol [Rapid Communication]. (cdc.gov)
  • Novel somatic mutations in the catalytic subunit of the protein kinase A as a cause of adrenal Cushing's syndrome: a European multicentric study. (cdc.gov)
  • Interestingly, recombinant protein of wild-type PDE10A2, but not PDE10A2 mutant with an Ala replacement at Thr 16 , was distributed to cytosolic fractions by co-transfection with a plasmid encoding the catalytic subunit of PKA. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • cAMP is associated with kinases function in several biochemical processes, including the regulation of glycogen , sugar , and lipid metabolism . (wikipedia.org)
  • Noncanonical regulation of phosphatidylserine metabolism by a Sec14-like protein and a lipid kinase. (tamu.edu)
  • The kinases of this family that have been suggested to play a role in apoptosis are the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, specifically p42/44 ERK, p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), protein kinase B (PKB), or Akt and protein kinase C (PKC). (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • The Tax protein has pleiotropic effects on host-cell gene expression and activates several pathways such as the cyclic AMP responsive binding protein (CREB), the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), the cyclin-dependant kinases (CDKs), and the Akt pathways. (nih.gov)
  • The Tax protein has pleiotropic effects on host-cell gene expression and activates several pathways such as the cyclic AMP responsive binding protein (CREB), the nuclear factor kappa-B, the cyclin-dependant kinases (CDKs), and the Akt pathways. (nih.gov)
  • Akt is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that plays a critical role in controlling the balance between survival and death pathways in cells. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • Serine/threonine (S/T) protein kinases are crucial components of diverse signaling pathways in eukaryotes, including the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • Publications] Sasaki,T.: 'A mammalian inhibitory GDP/GTP exchange protein(GDI)for smg p25A is active on the yeast SEC4 protein. (nii.ac.jp)
  • The inhibitory effect of cAMP could not be reversed by inhibition of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) but was blocked by depletion of the alternative intracellular cAMP sensor exchange protein activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1), which is also required to observe SOCS-3 accumulation in response to cAMP. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Adenylate cyclase is inhibited by agonists of adenylate cyclase inhibitory G ( G i )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • To exclude potential indirect targets of PKA, we built a computational model to characterize the kinase sequence specificity toward the substrate target site based on known kinase-substrate relationships. (nih.gov)
  • Dual specificity protein kinases (e.g. (embl.de)
  • The specificity of serine/threonine kinases is partly determined by interactions with a few residues near the phospho-acceptor residue, forming the so-called kinase-substrate motif. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • In 1998 a family of cAMP-sensitive proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evidence supporting the heterogeneity in cAMP and PKA signaling is rapidly accumulating and has been largely attributed to the localization or activity of adenylate cyclases, phosphodiesterases, and A-kinase-anchoring proteins in different cellular subcompartments. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Considerably higher resistance against cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases compared to dibutyryl- or 8-Br-cAMP (Cat. (biolog.de)
  • Pharmacological Inhibition of Protein Kinase G1 Enhances Bone Formation by Human Skeletal Stem Cells Through Activation of RhoA-Akt Signaling. (sdu.dk)
  • Woolson, H. D. , Thomson, V. S. , Rutherford, C. , Yarwood, S. J. and Palmer, T. M. (2009) Selective inhibition of cytokine-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase by cyclic amp via Epac1-dependent induction of suppressor of cytokine signalling-3. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Inhibition of NADPH-oxidase activity in human polymorphonuclear neutrophils by lipophilic ascorbic acid derivatives. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Elevation of glutathione levels by phase II enzyme inducers: lack of inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in chronically infected monocytoid cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • VIP's lack of effect on IL-10 and its slight effect on TNF-alpha results from cAMP being rapidly degraded as the phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor, rolipram, rescues cAMP-dependent activation of cAMP response element binding protein. (ox.ac.uk)
  • cAMP decomposition into AMP is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphodiesterase . (wikipedia.org)
  • Our previous studies have suggested that two phosphodiesterase type 10A (PDE10A) variants, PDE10A1 and PDE10A2 transcripts, are mainly expressed in humans and that PDE10A2 and PDE10A3 transcripts are major variants in rats. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • To identify kinase target substrates in a high-throughput manner, we first quantified the change of phosphoproteome in the cells of which PKA activity was perturbed by drug stimulations. (nih.gov)
  • Phosphoproteomic techniques have been widely employed to identify kinase activity, which may lend itself to pharmaceutical blockade. (nature.com)
  • The 1.6 Å X-ray structure of the homodimeric A. fumigatus protein reveals unique properties including N-linked glycosylation and a Ca 2+ -binding site whose occupancy regulates activity. (nature.com)
  • In addition, cAMP binds to and regulates the function of ion channels such as the HCN channels and a few other cyclic nucleotide-binding proteins such as Epac1 and RAPGEF2 . (wikipedia.org)
  • Nicotine up-regulates alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors and ER exit sites via stoichiometry-dependent chaperoning. (tamu.edu)
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uchicago.edu)
  • Protein kinases catalyse the transfer of the gamma phosphate from nucleotide triphosphates (often ATP) to one or more amino acid residues in a protein substrate side chain, resulting in a conformational change affecting protein function. (embl.de)
  • Because the engagement of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, B7.1, B7.2, and CD40 on monocytes with their ligands on T cells plays roles in cytokine production, we examined the effects of AGE-2 and AGE-3 on the expression of adhesion molecules and cytokine production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and their modulation by histamine in the present study. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In addition, it reveals a novel Epac-dependent mechanism by which cAMP can specifically inhibit ERK in response to cytokine receptor activation. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Cytokine production was assessed for cell cultures and, in addition, the ability of VIPs to activate cAMP response element binding protein. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Interestingly, macrophages stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin displayed an augmented IL-10 response upon addition of dibutyryl cAMP, with corresponding downregulation in TNF-alpha, suggesting a complex interaction between protein kinase C and protein kinase A in cytokine regulation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Constitutive activation of AKT promotes NED, and NED induced by androgen withdrawal is suppressed by the phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT inhibitors [ 5 , 6 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • In addition to cleavage of NAD + to Nam and ADP-ribose, NADases found in animals act as ADP-ribosylcyclases, generating cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a potent intracellular Ca 2+ mobilizing agent 7 . (nature.com)
  • cAMP is a derivative of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction in many different organisms, conveying the cAMP-dependent pathway . (wikipedia.org)
  • Regarded as constitutively active enzymes, known to participate in many, diverse biological processes, the intracellular regulation bestowed on the CK1 family of serine/threonine protein kinases is critically important, yet poorly understood. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • Activation of AMPK was mediated by a CO(2)-triggered increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase-beta (CaMKK-beta). (ilh-giessen.de)
  • Phosphatases control PKA-dependent functional microdomains at the outer mitochondrial membrane. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, we show that the activity of soluble phosphatases attenuates PKA-driven activation of the cAMP response element-binding protein while concurrently enhancing PKA-dependent mitochondrial elongation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cross-resistance to antitumor diarylsulfonylureas and collateral sensitivity to mitochondrial toxins in a human cell line selected for resistance to the antitumor agent N-(5-indanylsulfonyl)-N'-(4-chlorophenyl)urea. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In males, ACOT1 deficiency increased mitochondrial uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) protein abundance while reducing 4-hydroxynonenal, a marker of oxidative stress, in white adipose tissue and liver of HFD-fed mice. (jci.org)
  • Mitochondrial membrane biogenesis: phospholipids and proteins go hand in hand. (tamu.edu)
  • Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • To investigate the role of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) in the desensitization and down-regulation of the D 1 dopamine receptor, we stably expressed the rat cDNA for this receptor in mutant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines deficient in PKA activity. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Protein kinase A (PKA or cAMP-dependent protein kinase) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays essential roles in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • These results indicate that CREB/ATF-1-related factors act coordinately with the cell-specific factor GHF1 to mediate cAMP-dependent regulation of hGH-1 gene transcription in anterior pituitary somatotrophs. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Shepard, AR, Zhang, W & Eberhardt, NL 1994, ' Two CGTCA motifs and a GHF1/Pit1 binding site mediate cAMP-dependent protein kinase A regulation of human growth hormone gene expression in rat anterior pituitary GC cells ', Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol. 269, no. 3, pp. 1804-1814. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The AGC (cAMP-dependent, cGMP-dependent and protein kinase C) protein kinase family embraces a collection of protein kinases that display a high degree of sequence similarity within their respective kinase domains. (embl.de)
  • In eukaryotes, cyclic AMP works by activating protein kinase A (PKA, or cAMP-dependent protein kinase ). (wikipedia.org)
  • Several classes of protein kinases , including protein kinase C, are not cAMP-dependent. (wikipedia.org)
  • Further effects mainly depend on cAMP-dependent protein kinase , which vary based on the type of cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • PDE10A2 was phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) at Thr 16 . (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Here we demonstrate that elevation of cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) specifically attenuates ERK1,2 activation in response to either leptin or a soluble interleukin IL-6 receptor-α/IL-6 (sIL-6R-α/IL-6) trans-signalling complex but not protein kinase C activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Role of kinase-independent and -dependent functions of FAK in endothelial cell survival and barrier function during embryonic development. (tamu.edu)
  • In yeasts, several downstream target proteins of PKA have also been recognized and functionally characterized. (bio2009.org)
  • which encodes a putative G-protein-coupled receptor may be involved in regulating Mac pc1 activities, because is required for surface acknowledgement and virulence and exogenous cAMP restores appressorium formation and pathogenicity in deletion mutants [55]. (bio2009.org)
  • STRAP (Serine/Threonine Kinase Receptor Associated Protein) is a Protein Coding gene. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • We utilize two complementary models, HEK293 cells and human iPSC-derived neurons, and delineate RBM12 as a novel repressor of the G protein-coupled receptor/cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (GPCR/cAMP/PKA) signaling axis. (sciety.org)
  • In agreement with its activity as an RNA-binding protein, loss of RBM12 leads to altered gene expression, including that of multiple effectors of established significance within the receptor pathway. (sciety.org)
  • Use knockout HEK293 cells to verify that RBM12 is novel repressor of the GPCR/cAMP pathway that extends to multiple GPCRs coupled to the stimulatory G protein (e.g. dopamine 1 receptor, beta-2 adrenergic receptor). (sciety.org)
  • 2020 ) Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and D1 dopamine receptors regulate diacylglycerol lipase-α and synaptic 2-arachidonoyl glycerol signaling. (neurotree.org)
  • We have purified and characterized several GDP/GTP exchange proteins (GDP dissociation stimulator (GDS) and GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI)) and GTPase activating Proteins (GAP) for small G proteins. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Cyclic AMP binds to specific locations on the regulatory units of the protein kinase, and causes dissociation between the regulatory and catalytic subunits, thus enabling those catalytic units to phosphorylate substrate proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evidence is accumulating that small G proteins are involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Notably, the cAMP and transcriptional signaling steps are subject to discrete RBM12-dependent regulation. (sciety.org)
  • In this research project, we have investigated the C-terminal structures of small G proteins, purified the regulatory proteins for small G proteins, and made monoclonal antibodies against small G proteins and their regulatory proteins. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Among these regulatory proteins, we have cloned the cDNAs of smg p21 GDS, smg p25A GDI, and rho GDI, and made monoclonal antibodies against them. (nii.ac.jp)
  • They are tetrameric proteins that contain two catalytic subunits and two type II-specific regulatory subunits. (uchicago.edu)
  • Herpes simplex virus protein kinase US3 activates and functionally overlaps protein kinase A to block apoptosis. (uchicago.edu)
  • Protein kinase A can also phosphorylate specific proteins that bind to promoter regions of DNA, causing increases in transcription. (wikipedia.org)
  • The great majority are serine/threonine kinases, which phosphorylate the hydroxyl groups of serines and threonines in their targets. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • The effects of histamine were reversed by a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, N-[2-(4-bromocinnamylamino) ethyl]-5-isoquinoline (H89), and mimicked by a dibutyryl cAMP and an adenylate cyclase activator, forskolin. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Activator of protein kinase A (cyclic AMP agonist). (biolog.de)
  • In both and Flo8 interacts with Efg1, a homolog of the Phd1/Sok2 and StuA proteins that regulate morphogenesis of and FoStuA, GcStuA and MoStu1 (Mstu1), have recently been recognized [29]C[31]. (bio2009.org)
  • In order to assess the importance of S/T kinases to Neurospora biology, we embarked on a global analysis of 86 S/T kinase genes in Neurospora. (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • We have learned that genes in mammalian cells are transcribed into messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are to be translated into polypeptides (proteins). (intechopen.com)
  • RBM12 knockdown yielded hyperactive upregulation of NR4A1 and FOS mRNAs, two known CREB-dependent immediate early genes induced by neuronal activity. (sciety.org)
  • Publications] Araki,S.: 'Role of the Cーterminal region of smg p25A in its interaction with membranes and the GDP/GTP exchange protein. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Nuclear localization sequences and conserved domains of the MoSom1 and MoCdtf1 proteins are crucial for 192203-60-4 his or her biological function. (bio2009.org)
  • abstract = "Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are modifications of proteins/lipids that become nonenzymatically glycated after contact with aldose sugars. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To better understand the functions of PKA, it is necessary to elucidate the direct interplay between PKA and their substrates in living human cells. (nih.gov)
  • The active subunits catalyze the transfer of phosphate from ATP to specific serine or threonine residues of protein substrates. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is a superfamily of ras p21/ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins (small G proteins) with GTPase activity. (nii.ac.jp)
  • The activity of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase is responsible for regulating the levels of a large number of inositol polyphosphates that are important in cellular signaling. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity involved in cell survival and cell proliferation and thus providing a selective advantage in tumorigenesis (PubMed:15528381, PubMed:1825810, PubMed:31548394). (inamericawithgrace.com)
  • AN - check the tag INFANT HN - 2008 FX - Child Nutrition FX - Infant Nutrition Physiology FX - Milk FX - Milk, Human DH - Adolescent Nutrition DI - 052508 MN - SP6.021.067 MS - Nutrition of persons 10 through 19 years of age. (bvsalud.org)
  • Elevated CO(2) levels caused a rapid activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in AECs, a key regulator of metabolic homeostasis. (ilh-giessen.de)
  • Transfected muscarinic acetylcholine receptors selectively couple to Gi-type G proteins and Gq/11. (aspetjournals.org)
  • 2018 ) Dorsal BNST α-adrenergic receptors produce HCN-dependent excitatory actions that initiate anxiogenic behaviors. (neurotree.org)
  • The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. (wikipedia.org)
  • We established the cis-acting elements which mediate cAMP responsiveness of the human growth hormone (hGH) gene in transiently transfected rat anterior pituitary tumor GC cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Tax-expressing cells also exhibit nuclear morphological aberrancy, frequent multinucleation, aneuploidy, and loss of function of the tumor suppressor protein p53. (nih.gov)
  • These are termed Exchange proteins activated by cAMP (Epac) and the family comprises Epac1 and Epac2 . (wikipedia.org)
  • We have found that the C-terminal systeine residues of smg p21B, rhoA p21, and smg p25A are geranylgeranylated, and that these prenylation are essential for each small G protein to bind to membranes. (nii.ac.jp)
  • The Akt kinase family comprises three highly homologous isoforms: Akt1 (PKBα), Akt2 (PKBβ), and Akt3 (PKBγ) [4,14]. (inamericawithgrace.com)