However uses high throughput nucleotide sequencing. Medical search. Frequent questions

aegypti L5 annotated physical map has allowed interrogation of the exome for genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with pyrethroid resistance. (cdc.gov)
The frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compared between resistant and susceptible mosquito pools using a contingency chi2 analysis. (cdc.gov)

Both tumour tissue types, together with a blood sample, will then be subjected to next generation sequencing for a panel of cancer-related genes. (nih.gov)
When applied to single-cell RNA sequencing of tumor-infiltrating T cells, MAS-ISO-seq demonstrated a 12- to 32-fold increase in the discovery of differentially spliced genes. (nature.com)
In 2008, two human transcriptomes, composed of millions of transcript-derived sequences covering 16,000 genes, were published, and by 2015 transcriptomes had been published for hundreds of individuals. (wikipedia.org)
No exome-sequenced TMD/AMKL sample had other recurrently mutated genes. (unige.ch)
However, Fleischman and colleagues did not detect mutations in the coding sequence of HOX genes known to affect radial development. (medscape.com)
We hypothesized that a high fat diet in non-human primates would induce changes in hepatic chromatin structure resulting in altered expression of fetal genes critical to the development of childhood and adult obesity. (nih.gov)
Together, we have found that a single resistance locus leads to a higher immune response in resistant mosquitoes, and we identify genes in this region that may be responsible for this trait. (cam.ac.uk)
The vgsc on chromosome 3 had the highest association, followed by genes proximal to vgsc. (cdc.gov)
In the high association group (n = 1,053 genes), several genes were identified that also genetically or physically interact with the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC). (cdc.gov)

The first attempt at capturing a partial human transcriptome was published in 1991 and reported 609 mRNA sequences from the human brain. (wikipedia.org)
Consequently, the manner in which a transcriptome as a whole is expressed and regulated remained unknown until higher-throughput techniques were developed. (wikipedia.org)
While there have been impressive technical innovations demonstrating feasibility-for example, generating paired measurements of single-cell transcriptome (single-cell RNA sequencing [scRNA-seq]) and chromatin accessibility (single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing [scATAC-seq])-widespread application of joint profiling is challenging due to its experimental complexity, noise, and cost. (stanford.edu)
Conclusions: In this study, we integrated two high-throughput sequencing techniques, mass spectrometry analysis, and comprehensive bioinformatics approach in order to arrive at the first comprehensive description of monogenean transcriptome and secretome. (muni.cz)
Exploration of E. nipponicum transcriptome-related nucleotide sequences and translated and secreted proteins offer a better understanding of molecular biology and biochemistry of these, often neglected, organisms. (muni.cz)
Exome and transcriptome sequencing of Aedes aegypti identifies a locus that confers resistance to Brugia malayi and alters the immune response. (cam.ac.uk)

Whole exome sequencing identifies MRVI1 as a susceptibility gene for moyamoya syndrome in neurofibromatosis type 1. (cancerindex.org)
Whole exome sequencing was carried out on an Italian family with moyamoya-complicated neurofibromatosis type 1 to identify putative genetic modifiers independent of the NF1 locus and potentially involved in moyamoya pathogenesis. (cancerindex.org)
Exome sequencing identifies putat. (unige.ch)
We performed exome sequencing in 7 TMD/AMKL cases and copy-number analysis in these and 10 additional cases. (unige.ch)
Multiregional whole-exome or genome sequencing has revealed that there is significant variation in the genetic makeup of tumor cells across different anatomical locations and within the same tumor over time ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In the 1980s, low-throughput sequencing using the Sanger method was used to sequence random transcripts, producing expressed sequence tags (ESTs). (wikipedia.org)
The Sanger method of sequencing was predominant until the advent of high-throughput methods such as sequencing by synthesis (Solexa/Illumina). (wikipedia.org)
In 1995, one of the earliest sequencing-based transcriptomic methods was developed, serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE), which worked by Sanger sequencing of concatenated random transcript fragments. (wikipedia.org)
The traditional Sanger method is still popular in clinical applications, but high-throughput next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques are on the rise. (aacc.org)
Each of the HSV-2 genome sequences was initially obtained using next-generation sequencing and completed with Sanger sequencing. (emmes.com)
However, traditional Sanger sequencing-based DNA barcoding protocols can be prohibitively expensive and laborious when large community samples have to be processed. (springer.com)
These technologies have been available since 2004, and they have largely replaced the previous method ("Sanger sequencing") and make high-throughput WGS possible. (cdc.gov)

With the development of high throughput technologies such as tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and next generation sequencing, more and more nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variations (nsSNVs) that cause variation of amino acids have been identified, some of which result in the damage of PTMs. (hindawi.com)
Genomics and proteomics have revolutionized biology but would not have been possible without developments in capillary sequencing, cDNA microarrays, and mass spectrometry, amongst other enabling technologies. (nih.gov)
After 4 weeks of conversion, we performed global analyses of RNA and protein levels by RNA-sequencing and mass spectrometry. (lu.se)

Either at genomic or at proteomic level, mutations have significant impact on normal gene or protein function, and human diseases could be associated with mutations like nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variations (nsSNVs) on amino acids. (hindawi.com)
With the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS), research has focused on comprehensive genomic analysis based on tumor molecular features, such as somatic mutations and copy number variation. (spandidos-publications.com)
Genomic sequences obtained through high-throughput sequencing are not uniformly distributed across the genome. (cam.ac.uk)
For example, sequencing data of total genomic DNA show significant, yet unexpected enrichments on promoters and exons. (cam.ac.uk)
Determining the order of bases-"genomic sequencing" or simply, "sequencing"-is a core AMD technology. (cdc.gov)
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences that comprise around 50% of our genomic DNA. (lu.se)

NGS's single-nucleotide resolution also enables it to detect even the smallest possible mutations (SNPs) without necessarily requiring knowledge of the mutation in advance. (aacc.org)
One class of applications of high-throughput sequencing involves identifying genetic variation, such as finding rare mutations in the genomes of cancerous cells. (utexas.edu)
These studies reveal a wide range of genetic tumor heterogeneity in both spatial and temporal dimensions, encompassing diverse single-nucleotide mutations, insertions, deletions and copy number variations ( 9 , 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Dynamic role of the codon 72 p53 single-nucleotide polymorphism in mammary tumorigenesis in a humanized mouse model. (cancerindex.org)
Human epidemiological studies reveal that a p53 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at codon 72, encoding proline (P72) or arginine (R72), is associated with differential risk of several cancers, including BrCa. (cancerindex.org)
This approach identified genetic markers (SNPs, or single nucleotide polymorphism) useful for assessing whether germplasm is identical at various positions in the genome. (usda.gov)
[ 9 ] They discovered one low frequency single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the noncoding 5' untranslated (UTR) region of the gene RBM8A in 4 of the cases and another low frequency noncoding SNP in the first intron of the same gene. (medscape.com)
The map contains 2,808 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers distributed on 20 linkage groups with a total length of 1,308.20 cM and an average inter-marker distance of 0.47 cM. (frontiersin.org)
The sequencing approach is polymorphism independent and therefore universally applicable for the noninvasive detection of fetal aneuploidy. (medgadget.com)
Here I survey their major applications ranging from whole-genome sequencing and resequencing, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and structural variation discovery, to mRNA and noncoding RNA profiling and ChIP-seq. (usda.gov)

With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, gene mutation detection has become another important resource to investigate regulatory mechanisms and cellular processes. (hindawi.com)

We apply a systems genetics approach integrating high-throughput -omics and machine learning in large family and population-based cohorts as well as tissues of interest to dissect such maternal and paternal effects and how they can affect risk of diabetes and its related comorbidities. (lu.se)

Metzker, M. Sequencing technologies-the next generation. (nature.com)
As next-generation sequencing (NGS) makes inroads into clinical applications such as cancer diagnostics, we look at some of the NGS initiatives and collaborations aiming to change the landscape of clinical sequencing and improve patient's lives. (aacc.org)
We used next-generation sequencing techniques to determine whole-genome sequences of four viral samples from two subjects in the Herpevac Trial. (emmes.com)
Scholars@Duke publication: Next-generation sequencing of the human olfactory receptors. (duke.edu)
Technological progress and cost erosion in next-generation sequencing have given us the opportunity to determine the sequence of the entire OR gene set with high fidelity and to measure the extent of variation in this functional module across many individuals. (duke.edu)
Given that whole genome sequencing remains prohibitively expensive for this purpose, especially since the OR sub-genome represents only ~0.0125 % of the human genome, we have designed a targeted capture method to enrich the OR for next-generation sequencing, which we describe here. (duke.edu)
Applications and Case Studies of the Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies in Food, Nutrition and Agriculture. (usda.gov)
Applications and Case Studies of the Next-Generation Sequencing Technologies in Food, Mutrition and Agriculture. (usda.gov)
Next-generation sequencing technologies are able to produce high-throughput short sequence reads in a cost-effective fashion. (usda.gov)
In the near future, we will witness broad impacts of these next-generation sequencing technologies for solving complex biological problems in food, nutrition and agriculture. (usda.gov)
We also propose a diagnostic algorithm for the detection of these fusions, drawing attention to the limitations of ancillary studies including immunohistochemistry against tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) protein, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and next generation sequencing. (edu.au)
Since 2014, the Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) program has worked to integrate the latest next-generation sequencing technology with bioinformatics and epidemiology expertise to improve public health. (cdc.gov)
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) refers to sequencing technologies that can process a large quantity of genetic material at a time. (cdc.gov)
Some next-generation sequencing devices read fluorescent signals. (cdc.gov)

Relatively fast, inexpensive and accurate, short read sequencing (technically known as high throughput massively parallel sequencing) requires breaking the genome into millions of short-250 bases, plus or minus-segments for sequencing and then reassembling them to generate the full sequence. (jax.org)

We directly sequenced cell-free DNA with high-throughput shotgun sequencing technology from plasma of pregnant women, obtaining, on average, 5 million sequence tags per patient sample. (medgadget.com)
The DNA is directly sequenced using nanopore technology with the output expected to be composed of nascent - BrdU containing molecules - as well as parental template and un-replicated DNA. (mskcc.org)

ESTs came to prominence during the 1990s as an efficient method to determine the gene content of an organism without sequencing the entire genome. (wikipedia.org)
A variant of SAGE using high-throughput sequencing techniques, called digital gene expression analysis, was also briefly used. (wikipedia.org)
Quake proposed a "shotgun sequencing" strategy where he would use the very latest high-throughput gene sequencing technology and equally powerful computers to identify millions of unique sequence "tags" in the fetal DNA. (medgadget.com)
The novel innovation and significance resides within its potential to provide (1) an expanded understanding of the mechanism through which a maternal high fat diet reprograms primate gene expression and (2) a simple intervention (essential nutrient supplementation with neither diet nor behavioral modification) with tremendous potential impact given the current obesity epidemic and the lack of efficacious therapeutics. (nih.gov)
High density arrays of extraordinarily sensitive integrated microring resonators will allow many gene and protein signatures to be simultaneously quantitated from a single patient sample. (nih.gov)
Typically, nucleotide sequences encoding the protein/peptide library are fused to a gene encoding a phage coat protein thus allowing them to be displayed on the phage exterior. (cdc.gov)

Long read sequencing technologies haven't pushed aside short read sequencing or Illumina, the largest company in the field, as some predicted back then, but they are now being applied to a wider range of research applications. (jax.org)

We determined the genome sequences of viruses isolated from two subjects in the Herpevac Trial for Women who experienced primary HSV-2 genital disease and compared them with sequences of viruses isolated from the subsequent fifth or sixth episode of recurrent disease in the same individuals. (emmes.com)

We show that human and chimpanzee cells differentiate in a similar man¬ner and that the difference in interspecies protein abundance is higher than transcript-level differences, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms play a role in the difference between human and chim¬panzee brain development. (lu.se)

For analysis by HTS, 6 DNA samples extracted from cutaneous swabs obtained from the skin surface of facial areas (forehead and eyebrows) of patients previously studied by PCR for MCPyV sequences were selected ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
The analysis of nucleic acids by high-throughput sequencing has dominated biological research for more than a decade. (mskcc.org)
Techniques of nucleotide sequence analysis that increase the range, complexity, sensitivity, and accuracy of results by greatly increasing the scale of operations and thus the number of nucleotides, and the number of copies of each nucleotide sequenced. (bvsalud.org)
The sequencing may be done by analysis of the synthesis or ligation products, hybridization to preexisting sequences, etc. (bvsalud.org)
Techniques of nucleotide sequence analysis that increase the scale of operations enabling an increase in the depth of coverage (number of copies) to which each polynucleotide is sequenced. (bvsalud.org)
Conventional techniques employed to detect NPs in tissues such as transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy offer superior nanoscale resolution, however pose limitations due to the high cost of sample processing and limited sample analysis throughput. (cdc.gov)
The work presented in this thesis focuses on the bioinformatic methods for a TE-centric analysis of next- and third-generation sequencing technologies. (lu.se)

Full-length RNA-sequencing methods using long-read technologies can capture complete transcript isoforms, but their throughput is limited. (nature.com)
However, these methods were largely overtaken by high throughput sequencing of entire transcripts, which provided additional information on transcript structure such as splice variants. (wikipedia.org)
High-throughput sequencing methods are utilized to analyze the mutational spectrum and evolutionary trajectories of tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)

Construction of High-Density Genetic Map and Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Growth Habit-Related Traits of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. (frontiersin.org)

This method produced 681,257 SNP markers distributed across the entire genome, with the ability to detect rare alleles at high confidence levels. (usda.gov)
Single-molecule reads that span the entire genome can capture species without an existing reference sequence as well as detect variants within a particular species. (jax.org)

Improving nanopore read accuracy with the R2C2 method enables the sequencing of highly multiplexed full-length single-cell cDNA. (nature.com)
By eliminating the vast majority of incorrectly identified nucleotides from the resulting data, our method enables the sensitive detection of rare variants and opens up exciting new questions involving such variants to direct measurement by sequencing. (utexas.edu)
High-throughput sequencing (HTS), particularly DNA metabarcoding, enables community-wide analyses of diversity and interactions at unprecedented scales and at a fraction of the cost that was previously possible. (springer.com)

The rapid pace of advancements in sequencing technologies in recent years have made it possible to simultaneously determine the sequences of hundreds of millions of short DNA fragments. (utexas.edu)
The library is loaded into a sequencer, which will identify the nucleotide bases in the DNA fragments. (cdc.gov)

There are two key contemporary techniques in the field: microarrays, which quantify a set of predetermined sequences, and RNA-Seq, which uses high-throughput sequencing to record all transcripts. (wikipedia.org)

Here, we report a novel in vivo metabolic RNA sequencing method, SLAM-ITseq, which metabolically labels RNA with 4-thiouracil in a specific cell type in vivo followed by detection through an RNA-seq-based method that specifically distinguishes the thiolated uridine by base conversion. (nih.gov)
Accurate circular consensus long-read sequencing improves variant detection and assembly of a human genome. (nature.com)

In December 2018, Genomics England announced that they had reached the main goal of their ambitious "100 000 Genomes Project"-to sequence 100 000 genomes [iii] . (aacc.org)
We sequenced the whole genomes of 21 N. gonorrhoeae isolates collected in 2013-2014 by ARSP. (who.int)

Each instrument can generate data required for a draft bacterial genome sequence in days, making them attractive for identifying and characterizing pathogens in the clinical setting. (nature.com)
Figure 2: N50 contig sizes from assemblies generated from sequence data for each sequencing platform. (nature.com)
Human tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells single-cell RNA-sequencing data are available from dbGAP with accession number phs003200.v1.p1 . (nature.com)
Because these approaches will rely on novel data types such as DNA sequences and high-throughput phenotyping images, Breeding 4 will call for analyses that are complementary to traditional quantitative genetic studies, being based on machine learning techniques which make efficient use of sequence and image data. (springer.com)
Rqc is an optimized tool designed for quality control and assessment of high-throughput sequencing data. (bioconductor.org)
Based on our preliminary data, the focus of this proposal is to apply developed high throughput technology (comparative epigenomics and metabolomics) to decipher the primate epigenome and metabolome in the obese maternal environment and then measure the impact of supplementation on the differentially altered epigenome and resultant disease. (nih.gov)
The first protocol, relying on a pool of poxvirus primers, was insufficient to acquire enough sequence data. (cdc.gov)
Systematic bias in high-throughput sequencing data and its correction by BEADS. (cam.ac.uk)
We have focused on data obtained from Illumina's Genome Analyser platform, where at least three factors contribute to sequence bias: GC content, mappability of sequencing reads, and regional biases that might be generated by local structure. (cam.ac.uk)
To correct sequence bias, we present BEADS (bias elimination algorithm for deep sequencing), a simple three-step normalization scheme that successfully unmasks real binding patterns in ChIP-seq data. (cam.ac.uk)
Newer sequencing platforms have revolutionized this field, by generating larger volumes of data and dramatically lowering the cost of sequencing. (cdc.gov)
The sequencer produces data-millions of long strings of letters-which are then assembled together or aligned with a reference sequence. (cdc.gov)
Analytical programs compare the new sequence data to the reference sequence and identify variations in the sample that allow scientists to infer an ancestral relationship, much like a family tree. (cdc.gov)
Toward better understanding of the mechanisms involved, we examined high throughput sequencing data (HTS) from two Aedes aegypti aegypti collections from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico treated with either permethrin or deltamethrin. (cdc.gov)
The multilocus sequence type, multiantigen sequence type, presence of determinants of antimicrobial resistance and relatedness among the isolates were all derived from the sequence data. (who.int)

Cancer patients, for example, had both their healthy and tumor DNA sequenced. (aacc.org)

DNA sequencing refers to a range of techniques that analyze sections of the genome to single-nucleotide resolution. (aacc.org)
Quake said the shotgun-sequencing system is not only safer than invasive techniques but can also make a determination at an earlier gestational age, around 12 weeks. (medgadget.com)

We genotyped 2,815 maize inbred accessions, most from the NCRPIS, using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS), a low cost, high-throughput sequencing technology. (usda.gov)
A new high-density genetic linkage map was constructed by using specific locus amplified fragment sequencing technology. (frontiersin.org)
We also highlight applications of the third generation sequencing technology for long read and portable DNA barcoding. (springer.com)
The first "complete" human genome sequence was actually complete only in terms of what researchers could achieve with the technology available at that time. (jax.org)
The original reference genome sequence, as well as my own, was generated using short read sequencing technology. (jax.org)

Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain High-Throughput Sequencing in Pediatric B-Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Is the Clonality of the Disease at Diagnosis Related to Its Prognosis? (frontiersin.org)
High-throughput sequencing (HTS) of the immunoglobulin heavy chain ( IgH ) locus is a recent very efficient technique to monitor minimal residual disease of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL). (frontiersin.org)

The 454 GS Junior generated the longest reads (up to 600 bases) and most contiguous assemblies but had the lowest throughput (70 Mb/run, 9 Mb/h). (nature.com)
BrdU containing reads which represent nascent molecules are identified by informatically due to current shifts during nanopore sequencing. (mskcc.org)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colo- nucleotide identity with ZIKV. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

Accurate whole human genome sequencing using reversible terminator chemistry. (nature.com)
Fig. 2: Single-cell isoform-resolved sequencing of primary human CD8 + T cells with MAS-ISO-seq. (nature.com)
While studying the virome of the skin surface of a patient with a Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) by using unbiased, high-throughput sequencing, we identified a human polyomavirus nearly identical to human polyomavirus 9, a virus recently reported in blood and urine of renal transplantion patients and closely related to the African green monkey lymphotropic polyomavirus. (cdc.gov)
In this study of the skin virome of a patient with MCC, using high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and comparing sequences from a patient with MCC with sequences from healthy controls, we identified a human polyomavirus strain nearly identical to HPyV9, a virus species closely related to the lymphotropic polyomavirus (LPV). (cdc.gov)
The T2T (telomere-to-telomere) consortium announced in late March 2022 that it had generated the first complete, gapless sequence of a human genome. (jax.org)

Nanopore sequencing of replicons proceeds from the 5' end of the lagging strand through to the 3' end of the leading strand of the sister replisome. (mskcc.org)

The emergence of these technologies has not only facilitated genome sequencing but also changed the landscape of life sciences. (usda.gov)

or RNA in the process of translation (Ribosome-profiling) have revolutionized our ability to interrogate RNA metabolism with high resolution. (mskcc.org)
These categories were transport, signal transduction and metabolism, in order from highest to lowest statistical significance. (cdc.gov)

The key reason for choosing NGS for clinical diagnostics is its combination of high throughput, speed, and resolution. (aacc.org)
We report a sequencing protocol and 121-kb poxvirus sequence from a clinical sample from a horse in Finland with dermatitis. (cdc.gov)
However, with our clinical sample, the small amount of DNA available for sequencing led to an alternative approach. (cdc.gov)

In these applications, the sensitivity with which rare genetic variants can be detected is limited by the relatively high rate with which current DNA sequencing technologies incorrectly identify nucleotides. (utexas.edu)
The emergence of high-throughput sequencing technologies (HTS) has been a significant step forward in recent years, greatly reducing both the cost and the labor required for biodiversity studies (Bohmann et al. (springer.com)

By using this strategy, the researchers believed they could detect higher-than normal amounts of DNA belonging to the three chromosomes involved in the most common aneuploidies - chromosomes 21, 18, and 13. (medgadget.com)

The resulting products consist of several physically linked copies of the original sequence in each fragment. (utexas.edu)

Consistent with earlier observations based on partial sequences of ORF11 and ORF056, F14.1158H grouped clearly closer to PPVs than other poxviruses (Figure, panel A), although distinctly separate from the 5 recognized species (Figure, panels B–D). We found the amino acid sequences to be more similar to PPV species than to other chordopoxviruses. (cdc.gov)

681,257 SNP markers were distributed across the entire maize genome, and most alleles were detected as rare with high confidence levels. (usda.gov)

Long read sequencing has long been important for sequencing microbes. (jax.org)
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a laboratory procedure that determines the order of all or most of the nucleotides in the genome of these disease-causing microbes, enabling public health officials to better understand how microorganisms move through populations and change over time. (cdc.gov)
Whole-genome sequencing provides detailed genetic information about pathogens, which are microbes that cause illnesses. (cdc.gov)

3. Patients with a higher number of foster clones were patients in the better prognosis group. (frontiersin.org)

The ability to perform sequencing with such high throughput has revolutionized the study of biological systems, but the types of questions that can be answered through sequencing-based experiments can be limited by the presence of different kinds of noise and biases in these experiments. (utexas.edu)

We compared the performance of these instruments by sequencing an isolate of Escherichia coli O104:H4, which caused an outbreak of food poisoning in Germany in 2011. (nature.com)
The sequence of each subject's well-documented primary isolate was compared with the sequence of the isolate from their fifth or sixth episode of recurrent disease. (emmes.com)

With a PCR-free approach, using enrichment of the viral DNA, we acquired as much as 121 kb of nucleotide sequence, almost the full genome, with coverage values of ≈100 in 5 contigs (BioProject no. (cdc.gov)

Albers and colleagues applied high-throughput sequencing in 5 unrelated patients with TAR syndrome and the chromosome 1q21.1 deletion. (medscape.com)

It also reveals the sequences of clonal rearrangements, therefore, the multiclonal structure, of BCP-ALL. (frontiersin.org)
1. IgH high-throughput sequencing allows new insights into the clonal architecture of BCP-ALL. (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy6

Organisms12

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs57

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment73

Phenomena and Processes92

Disciplines and Occupations10

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science18

Health Care9

Geographicals1

Single nucleotide po2

Genes9

Transcriptome6

Exome5

Sanger7

Mass spectrometry3

Genomic6

Mutations3

Polymorphism7

Mutation1

Genetics1

Next generation14

Massively parallel1

Directly sequenced2

Gene6

Illumina1

Determined the genome1

Protein1

Analysis7

Methods3

Loci1

Entire genome2

Enables3

Fragments2

Microarrays1

Detection2

Genomes2

Data15

Tumor1

Techniques2

Technology5

Immunoglobulin2

Reads2

Centers1

Human5

Nanopore1

Life sciences1

Metabolism2

Clinical3

Technologies2

Detect1

Fragment1

Amino acid1

Alleles1

Microbes3

Prognosis1

Biological1

Isolate2

Enrichment1

Chromosome1

Clonal2