• Racialism implies that these races are substantially physiologically different from each other and that these racial differences strongly determine the abilities and behavior of individuals and peoples. (rationalwiki.org)
  • In the members' segment (try this link ), we explore more on the different origins of humans and understanding how the science of racial differences has been politicized. (theoccidentalobserver.net)
  • In the 19th century most White Americans (including abolitionists) explained racial inequality as an inevitable consequence of biological differences. (kss.org.pl)
  • Moreover, the research results may be taken as supporting the classic "racial" categories, with any discovered "differences" misinterpreted as genetically determined "racial differences. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • The celebration of Tiger Woods' mixed descent and his widespread popularity would seem to support David Hollinger's argument that the history of the United States has been a successful (albeit episodic) history of "amalgamation" overcoming group differences. (historycooperative.org)
  • Given visually complex social relationships, humans presumably have always observed and speculated about the physical differences among individuals and groups. (daynal.org)
  • Smedley 1999) As Europeans encountered people from different parts of the world , they speculated about the physical, social, and cultural differences among various human groups. (daynal.org)
  • Meltzer 1993) Drawing on Classical sources and upon their own internal interactions - for example, the hostility between the English and Irish was a powerful influence on early thinking about the differences between people (Takaki 1993) - Europeans began to sort themselves and others into groups associated with physical appearance and with deeply ingrained behaviors and capacities. (daynal.org)
  • Combining African-descent populations into one group obscures clinical differences and generalizes diabetes risk. (bvsalud.org)
  • The current study is a secondary analysis examining primary motives in college student smokers, and differences between Asian American and Caucasian students in smoking frequency, nicotine dependence, and motives to quit. (netlify.app)
  • For example: To what degree are differences in national racial identification related to such and such outcomes independent of genomic ancestry? (humanvarieties.org)
  • By the end of the twentieth century many hundreds of studies on racial IQ differences had been published. (emilkirkegaard.com)
  • He made the first quantitative estimates of racial differences in intelligence. (emilkirkegaard.com)
  • The effect of ancestry on any individual locus in the genome is likely to be modest, but in aggregate, differences in ancestry may contribute substantially to the observed ethnic disparity in risk of type 2 diabetes. (emilkirkegaard.dk)
  • Objectives: This study sought to evaluate racial disparities in the performance and outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Background: Racial disparities in cardiovascular diseases are well described. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Whether the racial disparities observed in surgical aortic valve replacement also exist with TAVR remains unknown. (elsevierpure.com)
  • OBJECTIVE: Racial disparities among women with cervical cancer have been reported but are understudied in Caribbean immigrants. (bvsalud.org)
  • Given the observed ethnic/racial disparities in diabetes prevalence, we hypothesized that some diabetes susceptibility alleles are present at higher frequency in African Americans than in European Americans, resulting in association between genetic ancestry and diabetes risk that is independent of its association with other non-genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes. (emilkirkegaard.dk)
  • Compared with whites, other racial and ethnic groups were on average younger and had a higher median score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Whites had higher 30-day unadjusted mortality than other groups (white versus black versus Hispanic versus Asian=15.0% versus 9.9% versus 11.9% versus 11.1%, respectively). (elsevierpure.com)
  • People of color can be prejudiced against whites but clearly do not have the power as a group to enforce that prejudice. (darkademic.co.uk)
  • Asian Americans are Americans of Asian ancestry (including naturalized Americans who are immigrants from specific regions in Asia and descendants of such immigrants). (wikipedia.org)
  • Although this term had historically been used for all the indigenous peoples of the continent of Asia, the usage of the term "Asian" by the United States Census Bureau only includes people with origins or ancestry from the Far East, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent and excludes people with ethnic origins in certain parts of Asia, including West Asia who are now categorized as Middle Eastern Americans. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2020, Americans who identified as Asian alone (19,886,049) or in combination with other races (4,114,949) made up 7.2% of the U.S. population. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chinese, Indian, and Filipino Americans make up the largest share of the Asian American population with 5 million, 4.3 million, and 4 million people respectively. (wikipedia.org)
  • Analyses of the 2010 census have shown that Asian Americans are the fastest-growing racial group in the United States. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prior to being included in the "Asian" category in the 1980s, many Americans of South Asian descent usually classified themselves as Caucasian or other. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3060 non-Hispanic Asian Americans, 1.5%) from 926 US centers participating in the Get With The Guidelines-Stroke program from April 2003 through December 2008. (elsevierpure.com)
  • A. That's a simplistic verbal shorthand Americans use to refer to ancestry. (vdare.us)
  • Characterizing the admixed African ancestry of African Americans My own inclination has been to not get bogged down in the latest race and IQ controversy because I don't have that much time, and the core readership here is probably not going to get any new information from me, since this is not an area of hot novel research. (discovermagazine.com)
  • In his posts on this topic Ta-Nehisi repeatedly points to the real diversity in physical type and ancestry among African Americans, despite acknowledging implicitly the shared preponderant history. (discovermagazine.com)
  • The above plot is from Characterizing the admixed African ancestry of African Americans , a 2009 paper with 94 Africans of diverse geographic origins, 136 African Americans, and 38 European Americans. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Groups such as African Americans who were known to have acquired a large degree of Caucasoid admixture due to the social definition of a "black" in the United States, have been shown to be a group with around 20-25% European admixture. (blogspot.com)
  • The limitations of Hollinger's analysis are quickly apparent when we consider just one of his "communities" of descent: Asian Americans. (historycooperative.org)
  • Thus we sought 1) to establish the association of genetic ancestry with diabetes and related quantitative traits in African Americans, after accounting for the non-genetic risk factors, and 2) to identify diabetes susceptibility loci by conducting a genome-wide admixture mapping scan. (emilkirkegaard.dk)
  • In summary, in community-based populations with more than 7,000 African Americans, we found that genetic ancestry is significant associated with type 2 diabetes above and beyond the effects of markers of SES, and we detected several suggestive loci that may harbor genetic variants modulating diabetes risk. (emilkirkegaard.dk)
  • These results suggest that in African Americans, genetic ancestry has a significant effect on the risk of type 2 diabetes that are independent of the contribution of SES, but that no single locus with a major effect explains a large portion of the observed disparity in diabetes risk between African Americans and European Americans. (emilkirkegaard.dk)
  • Demographers note that the aging population has something to do with it - and that some African Americans leave to stretch their retirement dollars, escape high taxes, and find better opportunities elsewhere, just as other groups do. (akh99.com)
  • Conclusions: Racial minorities are underrepresented among patients undergoing TAVR in the United States, but their adjusted 30-day and 1-year clinical outcomes are comparable with those of white race. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Some of these predict that the ancestry-outcome association will generalize spatially, such that admixture will be correlated with outcomes across regions and nations. (humanvarieties.org)
  • The association between regional ancestral and cognitive related outcome variation in Mexico will first be explored, since for this county reliable regional admixture estimates, at least with regards to European and Amerindian ancestry, and outcome measures are available and also since there is a good deal of spatial variation in admixture (and outcomes). (humanvarieties.org)
  • It argues that the IWW tradition, and organizations inspired by it, played a key role in struggling against racial discrimination and prejudice. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • However, often brutal conflicts between ethnic groups have existed throughout history and across the world, and racial prejudice against Africans also exists today in non-colonised countries such as China and Japan. (kss.org.pl)
  • It is most often used to describe negative racial discrimination or prejudice, however this fails to recognise that positive discrimination-such as racial pride, or where racial groups are afforded special exceptions or treatment-is effectively the same thing. (darkademic.co.uk)
  • Racism is also sometimes incorrectly identified as being limited to institutionalised prejudice, whereby it is claimed that only those belonging to certain "privileged" or "powerful" racial groups can be legitimately regarded as racist. (darkademic.co.uk)
  • Benjamin (2016) proposed "prejudice based on race" as a condensed form of "racial prejudice or discrimination" (itself being a dictionary definition) after deciding "discrimination" was redundant. (darkademic.co.uk)
  • From left to right, the FBI assigns the above individuals to the following races: White, Black, Hispanic, Asian. (kss.org.pl)
  • And if you've followed along with me in my arguments, then you should be convinced that race is real, the groups we usually call races are social kinds, their social construction involves problematic notions, the categories themsevles came into existence from false views, their current existence is nonetheless real, and where racial boundaries are drawn can vary from place to place, across time, and even from conversation to conversation. (parableman.com)
  • If you followed me in my line of reasoning in the last post, you would also agree with me that there are groups that biology can identify that seem perfectly reasonably to call races but that are not remotely like the old biological theories of race and are much closer to the social kind races that we refer to in ordinary conversation. (parableman.com)
  • Our ordinary racial terms don't quite refer to precisely the same groups as these newly recognized biological races, however, so it wouldn't be accurate to say that these groups are the same races that we ordinarily speak of. (parableman.com)
  • But if races are real, and if real problems occur along racial lines, then we have to be able to refer to races, right? (parableman.com)
  • Physical anthropologists have long believed in continental races, although they may have differed as to the number of these races. (blogspot.com)
  • Conceptions of race, as well as specific ways of grouping races , vary by culture and over time, and are often controversial for scientific as well as social and political reasons. (daynal.org)
  • According to Nicholas Wade, "Humans cluster into five continental groups or races, and within each race there are further subclusters. (thisviewoflife.com)
  • Thus, he argued, forensic anthropologists apply a racial label to human remains because their analysis of physical morphology enables them to predict that when the person was alive, that particular racial label would have been applied to them. (kss.org.pl)
  • At the Tokyo meeting, for example, it was noted that even among the Japanese researchers, there was no unitary understanding of what populations should be considered "Asian. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • The term race refers to the concept of dividing people into populations or groups on the basis of various sets of characteristics and beliefs about common ancestry. (daynal.org)
  • While the Argentinean and Brazilian national populations have roughly the same degree of pre-1500 European ancestry, Argentine has a White European national image while Brazil has a multiracial one. (humanvarieties.org)
  • Across the Americas, Amerindian and African (versus European) ancestry was found to be negatively correlated in admixed populations (e.g. (humanvarieties.org)
  • Ta-Nehisi, as one who studies history, feels confident that he can dismiss the utility of racial population structure categorization because as he says, 'no coherent, fixed definition of race actually exists. (discovermagazine.com)
  • One might wonder, then, to what extent average racial self-identification concords with average racial admixture on the national level. (humanvarieties.org)
  • Previously, a literature review was conducted regarding continental racial admixture and educational attainment and/or socioeconomic status. (humanvarieties.org)
  • 2014) found a correlation of 0.48 between self-identified European and Amerindian racial identity and genomic ancestry in a five country sample. (humanvarieties.org)
  • these include: national genomic percents, aggregate self- identified race percents, Putterman's ancestry percents, and national skin reflectance scores. (humanvarieties.org)
  • Strangely enough, Hollinger's focus on mixing and boundary crossing assumes the stability of the "socially constructed" racial categories that we as historians should be critically examining. (historycooperative.org)
  • We described the racial distribution, and the risk-adjusted in-hospital morbidity, and mortality stratified by race. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Results: Among the 70,221 included patients, 91.3% were white, 3.8% were black, 3.4% were Hispanic, and 1.5% were of Asian/Native American/Pacific Islander race. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Their preferred labels include scientific racism (pre-2000), [note 1] race realism or racial realism (post-2000), [note 2] and human biodiversity or HBD (post-2010). (rationalwiki.org)
  • For instance, should New World Indians be considered a separate race-or merely a subset of East Asians? (vdare.us)
  • It offers an in-depth and eye-opening analysis of (a) the power of racial classification to shape our understanding of race and race relations, (b) the way in which the system came into being and remains, and (c) the real consequences this system has on life chances. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • Medieval models of "race" mixed Classical ideas with the notion that humanity as a whole was descended from Shem , Ham and Japheth , the three sons of Noah , producing distinct Semitic ( Asian ), Hamitic ( African ), and Japhetic ( European ) peoples. (daynal.org)
  • Their aim is the extermination of the White Race, the genocide of all Indigenous White Ethnic groups and the eradication of all white ancestral cultures. (blogspot.com)
  • As of today, Andrea and I have been able link a majority of our M23 Malagasy matches to the NY/NJ Hudson River Valley Region going back to the mid-1600s and a subset of that group to VA, AL, LA, and MS. Three of our M23 cohort members are connected to the French Huguenot Devoe /Devereaux Family of Ulster County, NY, Middlesex County, NJ, and Pennsylvania. (radiantrootsboricuabranches.com)
  • But the city's population of continental Africans and Black West Indians have also shrunk in recent years. (akh99.com)
  • Garrett Hongo , Culture Wars in Asian America . (mixedracestudies.org)
  • The term Afro-Latinx (or Afro-Latino, -Latina, or -Latine) refers to individuals of Latin America or of Latin American descent who are also of African ancestry. (loc.gov)
  • The Indo-Guyanese population is one of the fastest growing immigrant groups in North America (1) and the largest immigrant minority population in Schenectady, New York. (cdc.gov)
  • It pays close attention to how activists in the Wobbly tradition explained the roots of racial discrimination in each country, how they sought to build class solidarity within racially and ethnically divided working classes, and how effectively they organized workers of color. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • According to the Oxford English Dictionary, "Asian person" in the United States is most often thought of as a person of East Asian descent. (wikipedia.org)
  • In vernacular usage, "Asian" is usually used to refer to those of East Asian descent or anyone else of Asian descent with epicanthic eyefolds. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1. A group of persons related by common descent or heredity. (vdare.us)
  • Singh, who was born in the Fiji Islands of Asian Indian descent, is much darker in skin color than Woods. (vdare.us)
  • There is no evidence, however, that at any time historically people have considered themselves "Asian American" because of a pan-Asian sense of shared descent, even if identities such as "Chinese" or "Japanese" might have been imagined categories of shared descent. (historycooperative.org)
  • We must be careful not to read back into historical time definitions of racial or ethnic belonging without explaining the work that went into their formation and stability. (historycooperative.org)
  • At the very least such characteristics would have to exist on a continuum of preferability, thus implying the racial superiority and inferiority that such definitions of racism are attempting to avoid. (darkademic.co.uk)
  • After risk adjustment, Asian American patients with AIS had lower 30-day and 1-year mortality than white, black, and Hispanic patients. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The Figure 1 below depicts the Mexican spatial ancestral racial variation. (humanvarieties.org)
  • STRUCTURE produces for individuals an estimate of the probability that a randomly chosen genetic marker (e.g. single tandem repeats, STR, or single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNP) from that individual originated from one of a set of ancestral groups. (thisviewoflife.com)
  • The number of ancestral groups, K, is chosen to produce a best estimate of these probabilities, which are averaged over all genetic markers to assign a membership coefficient, namely a fraction of each individual's ancestry to one of the ancestral groups (Feldman 2010. (thisviewoflife.com)
  • The ancestral groups are not specified in advance, and the population membership of individuals is removed prior to analysis. (thisviewoflife.com)
  • Data were technically validated using published algorithms to evaluate donor relatedness, ancestry, imputed HLA, and T1D genetic risk score. (nature.com)
  • division of social groups into categories with differential access to resources and status, assumed to be based on biological difference, but actually constructed socially. (kss.org.pl)
  • There continues to be a great deal of academic work that highlights the degree to which these broad "racial" categories are, in reality, social constructs. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • The most widely used human racial categories are based on visible traits (especially skin color , facial features and hair texture), and self-identification. (daynal.org)
  • Asian American students listed significantly fewer motives in the categories of health, self-view and image, and significantly more in the category of personal relationships than Caucasian students. (netlify.app)
  • For comparability, these values are expressed in terms of major racial categories e.g. (humanvarieties.org)
  • Many people believe that the two identities are mutually exclsuive, when in reality Latinx is an ethnic identity while Black is a racial identity. (loc.gov)
  • That is because almost no African American whose ancestors are not recent immigrants from Africa lack white ancestry. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Another example of the challenges associated with the use of population descriptors can be found in the frequent use of the terms European, African, and Asian. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • When the actual samples in the name of "European", "African", and "Asian" are taken from certain limited groups, without taking into account significant diversity within each region, it is unlikely that such broad terms have any scientific meaning, at least from the perspective of genetics on the global level. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • The rise of the Atlantic slave trade , which gradually displaced an earlier trade in slaves from throughout the world, created a further incentive to categorize human groups in order to justify the subordination of African slaves. (daynal.org)
  • White European, Black African, and Amerindian - plus an "Other" group. (humanvarieties.org)
  • This blogpost is dedicated to all my ancestors and to my M23 cousins who decided to take mtDNA and autosomal DNA tests that have enabled us to reconnect with our DNA cousins who share our Native-American, Malagasy, West African, and European ancestry and find out our true family history. (radiantrootsboricuabranches.com)
  • In addition, they suggest that genetic measured African ancestry contributes to the risk of type 2 diabetes via both genetic and non-genetic pathways. (emilkirkegaard.dk)
  • And even as the city's economy has added more high-paying jobs, they say African American New Yorkers overall have seen limited economic gains and job opportunities compared to other groups. (akh99.com)
  • Changing patterns of immigration and an extensive period of exclusion of Asian immigrants have resulted in demographic changes that have in turn affected the formal and common understandings of what defines Asian American. (wikipedia.org)
  • After risk-adjustment, there was no difference in the rates of in-hospital mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, major bleeding, vascular complications, or new pacemaker requirements among the 4 racial groups. (elsevierpure.com)
  • For Afro-Latinx folks in the United States, the added identity of living as an American further complicates their sense of identity, creating the sense that their distinct racial, ethnic, and national identities struggle to coexist. (loc.gov)
  • When considering the contribution of environmental as well as genetic factors to diversity within each continental region, the scientific validity of the use of such broad terms to describe samples becomes even more questionable. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • After immigration laws were reformed during the 1940s-1960s, abolishing national origins quotas, Asian immigration increased rapidly. (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, since the removal of restrictive "national origins" quotas in 1965, the Asian American population has diversified greatly to include more of the peoples with ancestry from various parts of Asia. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most commonly used definition of Asian American is the U.S. Census Bureau definition, which includes all people with origins in the Far East, Southeast Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. (wikipedia.org)
  • Motivation to quit may differ, however, between racial groups. (netlify.app)
  • As with other racial and ethnicity-based terms, formal and common usage have changed markedly through the short history of this term. (wikipedia.org)
  • These continental terms are tremendously broad in scope. (mixedracestudies.org)
  • We look at what it will take for Europeans to reach a critical mass of racial awareness and take actions to combat monsters like Barbara Spectre, who unapologetically advocates the destruction of ethnic European societies. (theoccidentalobserver.net)
  • These numbers equal 23%, 20%, and 18% of the total Asian American population, or 1.5% and 1.2% of the total U.S. population. (wikipedia.org)
  • Today, "Asian American" is the accepted term for most formal purposes, such as government and academic research, although it is often shortened to Asian in common usage. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yet anyone with a basic knowledge of American racial history who bothered to look at the first half dozen pages of Watson's new autobiography, Avoid Boring People , which includes photos and detailed information on his ancestors, would realize that this assertion by the Icelandic firm deCODE genetics is wildly unlikely . (vdare.us)
  • There may be myriad reasons for the historical rise of a sense of identity as "Asian American" during the 1970s-being lumped together by a census category, a common reaction to "anti-Oriental" racism, the desire to create political coalitions with shared causes, a sense of commonality born of sharing similar migration experiences in the United States. (historycooperative.org)
  • Nicotine dependence was significantly higher for Asian American students. (netlify.app)
  • From the abstract: 'Precision prevention involves using the unique characteristics of a particular group to determine their responses to preventive interventions. (cdc.gov)
  • Some Roman writers adhered to an environmental determinism in which climate could affect the appearance and character of groups (Isaac 2004). (daynal.org)
  • Then we focus on the 40,000 years of genetically homogeneous European civilization that has been marginalized by a politically correct shift from physical to cultural anthropology, resulting in the insertion of racial animosity and huge handicaps for scientists who wish to connect the past with the present. (theoccidentalobserver.net)
  • 2014) found that, on the individual level, White identity was associated with wealth (but not educational attainment) net of European ancestry (see note 1). (humanvarieties.org)
  • Nativist immigration laws during the 1880s-1920s excluded various Asian groups, eventually prohibiting almost all Asian immigration to the continental United States. (wikipedia.org)
  • The leftist liberal lunatics (not that there is anything liberal about them if you are white) are suffering en masse from ethnic self loathing. (blogspot.com)
  • This bibliography provides an overview of Afro-Latinx issues and identity, ranging from racial socialization and cultural expression to economic impact and decolonization. (loc.gov)
  • STRUCTURE is an algorithm designed to infer population structure (cluster individuals into ancestry groups) within a species (Pritchard, Stephens, and Donnelly 2000. (thisviewoflife.com)
  • Should we be classifying people into these groups? (parableman.com)
  • The Azande people live between the longest river in the world, the Nile river, and the Congo river on a continental divide that separates the two drainage basins. (benjaminbarber.org)
  • However, frequency of smoking did not differ between groups. (netlify.app)