• The HLA-DR3 phenotypes seem to predispose to the formation of aCL antibodies and antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), but this has not been confirmed in patients, and particular HLA alleles associated with recurrent miscarriage have not been reported. (medscape.com)
  • Methods Homocitrullinated peptides were identified and assessed in vitro for HLA-A2 binding and in vivo in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) transgenic mouse models for immunogenicity. (bmj.com)
  • Modified peptides showed enhanced binding to HLA-A2 compared with the native sequences and immunization of HLA-A2 transgenic mice generated high avidity modification specific CD8 responses that killed peptide expressing target cells. (bmj.com)
  • Exposure of endothelial cells to anti-b2GPI antibodies and their corresponding peptides leads to the inhibition of endothelial cell activation, as shown by decreased expression of the adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule, and vascular cell adhesion molecule and of monocyte adhesion. (medscape.com)
  • In vivo infusion of each of the anti-b2GPI antibodies into BALB/c mice followed by administration of the corresponding specific peptides prevents the peptide-treated mice from developing experimental APS. (medscape.com)
  • Recent observations raise the hypothesis that not only the drug/chemical, but also parts of the haptenated protein or peptides may constitute the important structural determinants for antigen recognition by the TCR. (frontiersin.org)
  • Peptides are a promising class of gelators, due to their structural simplicity, biocompatibility and versatility. (bvsalud.org)
  • The association between aPL antibodies and particular human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and HLA-linked epitopes has been reported in studies of patients with lupus erythematous (eg, HLA-DR7, HLA-DR4). (medscape.com)
  • Due to the artificial nature of drug/chemical-T-cell epitopes, it is not clear whether thymic selection of drug/chemical-specific T cells is a common phenomenon or remains limited to few donors or simply does not exist, suggesting T-cell receptor (TCR) cross-reactivity with other antigens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Serotypes are unknown the following alleles: DRB1*1110 to *1157 DR11 is associated with grape anaphylaxis, well-differentiated thyroid cancer, low antibody production in Hepatitis C. DRB1*11 is associated systemic sclerosis (SSc) & anti-DNA topoisomerase I (anti-topo I) antibody DRB1*1101 is associated Anti-Ro/SSA with anti-La/SSB antibodies in neonatal lupus erythematosus, mite sensitive asthma, cervical cancer risk (HPV? (wikipedia.org)
  • DRB1*1101:DQA1*0505:DQB1*0301 haplotype is associated with Anti-Ro/SSA with anti-La/SSB antibodies in neonatal lupus erythematosus, mite sensitive asthma DRB1*1102:DQA1*0505:DQB1*0301 haplotype is associated with hepatitis B virus persistence HLA-DR11 is genetically linked to HLA-DR52 and HLA-DQ7(3) serotypes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Women with the clinical features of APS should be tested for 3 antiphospholipid antibodies that have proven association with the diagnosis of APS: lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anticardiolipin (aCL) antibody, and anti-beta-2glycoprotein I antibody. (medscape.com)
  • Once the anti-GBM antibodies bind to the specific GBM antigen, complement is activated. (medscape.com)
  • The aCL antibodies bind to b2GPI, or a complex formed by this b2GPI is a platelet adhesin glycoprotein and cardiolipin. (medscape.com)
  • Previously published parts of this "Vaccine Overview" series reviewed the U.S. Congressional Hearings on Vaccine Safety (1999-December, 2004) which revealed gross deficiencies in vaccine safety testing by federal health bureaucracies (FDA, CDC, NIH, etc.), as defined by Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and Quality of Evidence Ratings (QER). (medicalveritas.org)
  • 2,3) Because of these deficiencies, we have no means of proving adverse vaccine reactions when they do occur. (medicalveritas.org)
  • Because the antigenic epitope is hidden within the triple helix of the collagen, an environmental factor (eg, smoking, hydrocarbon exposure) presumably is required to unmask the cryptic antigen to the immune system. (medscape.com)
  • Following this model, the human immune system is divided into two major classes: Cellular Immunity, located in the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts and their respective lymph nodes (outer defenses), and Humoral Immunity, with production of antigen-specific antibodies by plasma cells in the bone marrow (inner defenses). (medicalveritas.org)
  • Definitions CD is an immune-mediated systemic disorder elicited by gluten and related prolamines in genetically susceptible individuals and characterised by the presence of a variable combination of gluten-dependent clinical manifestations, CD-specific antibodies, Received and accepted September 1, 2011. (vdocuments.net)
  • Background Post-translational modification of proteins has the potential to alter the ability of T cells to recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class -I and class-II restricted antigens, thereby resulting in altered immune responses. (bmj.com)
  • During this time, the perception of CD has changed from a rather uncommon enteropathy to a common multi- organ disease with a strong genetic predisposition that is associated mainly with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8. (vdocuments.net)
  • Human aCL antibodies cause placental necrosis in BALB/c mice. (medscape.com)
  • Animals immunized with aCL or with the cofactor beta-2 glycoprotein I (b2GPI) develop clinical manifestations of APS, including fetal loss, thrombocytopenia, and neurologic and behavioral dysfunction, along with elevated levels of aPL antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • Coexistence of ANCAs (mostly myeloperoxidase [MPO-ANCAs]) with anti-GBM antibodies is thought to occur when the renal involvement in ANCA vasculitis leads to the exposure of antigens from the basement membrane and the formation of anti-GBM antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • These antibodies predispose to clotting in vivo, predominantly by interfering with the antithrombotic role of PLs. (medscape.com)
  • In group 2, the diagnosis of CD is based on positive serology and histology. (vdocuments.net)
  • The diagnosis of CD also has changed as a result of the availability of CD-specific antibody tests, based mainly on tissue transgluta- minase type 2 (TG2) antibodies. (vdocuments.net)
  • In 1967, in a classic experiment, Lerner and colleagues transferred anti-GBM disease to monkeys by injecting them with kidney-bound antibodies from patients with anti-GBM nephritis. (medscape.com)
  • Antibodies reacting with the alpha-3 chain of type IV collagen can be detected in the serum and can be eluted from kidneys of patients with anti-GBM nephritis. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately 20-40% of patients positive for anti-GBM antibodies also have antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs). (medscape.com)
  • The 2004 National Institutes of Health/ Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality report and a systematic literature search on antibody tests for CD in paediatric patients covering the years 2004 to 2009 was the basis for the evidence-based recommendations on CD-specific antibody testing. (vdocuments.net)
  • [ 2 ] However, in patients at high risk (eg, those who have first-degree relatives with type 1 diabetes), it may be appropriate to perform annual screening for anti-islet antibodies before the age of 10 years, along with 1 additional screening during adolescence. (medscape.com)
  • children with symptoms suggestive of CD (group 1) and asymptomatic children at increased risk for CD (group 2). (vdocuments.net)
  • When bound to the specific antigens in the kidneys and lungs, the antibodies initiate an inflammatory destruction of tissues by complement activation and recruitment of proinflammatory cells, leading to rapidly proliferative glomerulonephritis, often accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
  • HLA-DR11 and HLA-DR2 are negatively associated with autoantibody production in chronic hepatitis C." Ann Rheum Dis. (wikipedia.org)
  • DR11 serotype is a split antigen of the older HLA-DR5 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR12 antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • During thymic selection, T cells that have not yet encountered their cognate antigen are considered naive T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • DRB1*1102: Tiopronin intolerance in rheumatoid arthritis DRB1*1104: pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis DR11 is an identifier for the DR11-DQ7/DR7-DQ2 transhaplotype isoform of celiac disease.DR11-DQ7.5 is identified as a risk factor in rheumatic heart disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 7 ] Immunofluorescent examination of affected kidneys demonstrated that these antibodies were localized in a continuous linear deposit along the GBM. (medscape.com)
  • Celiac disease is a multifactorial disorder resulting from the interaction of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 allelic variants known to be associated with celiac disease susceptibility, less well-recognized variants in non-HLA genes, gliadin (a subcomponent of gluten), and other environmental factors. (nih.gov)
  • Serotypes are unknown the following alleles: DRB1*1110 to *1157 DR11 is associated with grape anaphylaxis, well-differentiated thyroid cancer, low antibody production in Hepatitis C. DRB1*11 is associated systemic sclerosis (SSc) & anti-DNA topoisomerase I (anti-topo I) antibody DRB1*1101 is associated Anti-Ro/SSA with anti-La/SSB antibodies in neonatal lupus erythematosus, mite sensitive asthma, cervical cancer risk (HPV? (wikipedia.org)
  • This study was performed to investigate the role of HLA- DR and DQ alleles in a group of Italian patients, with HCV infection and associated extrahepatic manifestations and to test whether an association between HCV genotype, HLA locus and clinical or serological manifestations can be demonstrated. (nih.gov)
  • One hundred and sixty-three HCV patients without extrahepatic manifestations were tested as controls for the prevalence of HCV genotypes, and 283 healthy donors were used as controls for HLA class II alleles distribution. (nih.gov)
  • HLA class II alleles typing was performed using a standard microlymphocytotoxicity assay on B lymphocyte purified. (nih.gov)
  • DRB1*1102: Tiopronin intolerance in rheumatoid arthritis DRB1*1104: pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis DR11 is an identifier for the DR11-DQ7/DR7-DQ2 transhaplotype isoform of celiac disease.DR11-DQ7.5 is identified as a risk factor in rheumatic heart disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • One hundred and thirty-two patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with gold have been studied for possible associations between HLA DR antigens and different adverse reactions occurring during such therapy. (nih.gov)
  • HLA antigens and toxic reactions to sodium aurothiomalate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
  • HLA antigens and adverse drug reactions to sodium aurothiomalate and D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
  • HLA antigens and toxicity to gold and penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. (nih.gov)
  • Several factors including age, gender, ethnicity, quality and quantity of vaccine antigen, doses, and route of administration can influence immune response to vaccination, although the main cause of variation in the responsiveness among vaccine recipients is host genetic variability. (wjgnet.com)
  • Most require 2 or more injections of insulin daily, with doses adjusted on the basis of self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. (medscape.com)
  • 2. Frequencies of tetramer+ T cells specific for the wild-type sequence p53(264-272) peptide in the circulation of patients with head and neck cancer. (nih.gov)
  • 7. A peptide epitope derived from the cancer testis antigen HOM-MEL-40/SSX2 capable of inducing CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-cell as well as B-cell responses. (nih.gov)
  • 9. A wild-type sequence p53 peptide presented by HLA-A24 induces cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. (nih.gov)
  • Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype DQ2 or DQ8 identified by molecular genetic testing of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 . (nih.gov)
  • It has been postulated that host factors, such as the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) system, may play a predominant role in the pathogenesis of HCV-related extra-hepatic manifestations. (nih.gov)
  • Associations were found between DR7 and ANA (OR=1.74) and between DQ2 and ANA (OR=1.97). (nih.gov)
  • The lowest frequency of side effects was seen in DR7 positives. (nih.gov)
  • In a 2009 report, however, an international expert committee appointed by the ADA, the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), and the International Diabetes Association recommended the HbA 1c assay for diagnosing type 1 and type 2 DM. (medscape.com)
  • The American Diabetes Association's Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes for type 1 and 2 diabetes highlight recommendations most relevant to primary care. (medscape.com)
  • DR11 serotype is a split antigen of the older HLA-DR5 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR12 antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • This remission is caused by a partial return of endogenous insulin secretion, and it may last for several weeks or months (sometimes for as long as 1-2 years). (medscape.com)
  • Anti-GBM antibodies are directed against an epitope located at the NC1 domain at the C-terminal of the alpha-3 chain of type IV collagen. (medscape.com)