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LipaseLipoprotein LipaseLiverMonoacylglycerol LipasesTriglyceridesTrioleinLipolysisChylomicronsStanozololLipoproteins, HDLSterol EsteraseHepatic ArteryHeparinLipoproteinsLipoproteins, HDL2ColipasesLipoproteins, VLDLApolipoprotein C-IIApolipoprotein A-IIApolipoproteins CCholesterol, HDLHepatic VeinsHyperlipoproteinemia Type ILipidsHypertriglyceridemiaApolipoprotein A-IApolipoproteinsPancreasLipoproteins, HDL3Apolipoproteins BHydrolysisCholesterolIndolizinesRhizopusLipoproteins, LDLCholesterol EstersHyperlipidemia, Familial CombinedGeotrichumCholesterol, VLDLApolipoproteins EHepatic EncephalopathyAdipose TissueCarboxylic Ester HydrolasesMolecular Sequence DataLipid MetabolismFatty AcidsKineticsHyperlipoproteinemiasHepatocytesApolipoprotein C-IIIHepatic Stellate CellsApolipoprotein B-48GlyceridesDietary FatsRNA, MessengerPolymorphism, GeneticFat Emulsions, IntravenousGenotypeCholesterol Ester Transfer ProteinsLipid Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsReceptors, LipoproteinFatty Acids, NonesterifiedHomozygotePhospholipidsBase SequenceEnzymes, ImmobilizedReceptors, LDLHyperlipidemiasAmino Acid SequenceSubstrate SpecificityApolipoproteins ACarboxylesteraseApolipoprotein B-100Phospholipid Transfer ProteinsMice, Inbred C57BLParticle SizeRats, WistarPhosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-AcyltransferaseLiver CirculationDeoxyribonuclease HpaIIAdrenal GlandsInsulinRats, Sprague-DawleyScavenger Receptors, Class BLiver DiseasesMice, KnockoutCatalysisLow Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1Rats, Inbred StrainsAmylasesHigh-Density Lipoproteins, Pre-betaCholesterol, DietaryGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicAllelesLiver NeoplasmsFatty LiverEsterasesFastingTime Factors
Pancreatic lipaseLIPCHormone-sensitTriglycerideGeneLipidsEndothelialLipidSerumEnzymesLiverInsulinDiacylglycerolActivityLevelsDamageLysosomal acid lipaseDeficiencyEnzymeLipoprotein lipase and hepaticMetabolismTriglyceride-rich particlesTriglyceridesCholesterolHydrolaseSteatosisPancreaticParticlesHeparinPromoterLipoproteinsVLDLEndothelial cellsAbnormalitiesHepatocytesSynthesisTranscriptRatsIncreasesTypeRole
Pancreatic lipase4
  • OM3CA bioavailability (area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to the last measurable concentration) is up to 4-fold greater than that of OM3FA ethyl esters, and unlike ethyl esters, the absorption of OM3CA is not dependent on pancreatic lipase hydrolysis. (ku.edu)
  • Ingested fats (lipids) are cleaved by enzymes (e.g., pancreatic lipase ) and absorbed in the small intestine . (amboss.com)
  • The pancreas secretes pancreatic lipase , colipase, and cholesterol esterase , which hydrolyze the lipid into cholesterol , fatty acids , and 2-monoglyceride molecules. (amboss.com)
  • Initial digestion of dietary triglycerides takes place with pancreatic lipase, which hydrolyzes one fatty acid chain at a time to form 2 free fatty acid (FFA) chains and one 2-monoglyceride (2MG) compound per each triglyceride. (medscape.com)
LIPC5
  • Hepatic lipase (HL), also called hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) or LIPC (for "lipase, hepatic"), is a form of lipase, catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglyceride. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hepatic lipase is coded by chromosome 15 and its gene is also often referred to as HTGL or LIPC. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we identify the lipolytic enzyme hepatic lipase (HL, encoded by Lipc) as a novel cell-autonomous regulator of osteoblast function. (bone-abstracts.org)
  • Hepatic lipase gene (LIPC), which has a major role in lipoprotein metabolism, resides within the linkage region and constitutes an obvious candidate gene. (wustl.edu)
  • While hepatic lipase is a known player in HDL metabolism, the relationship between common LIPC variants and HDL-C levels remains unclear. (wustl.edu)
Hormone-sensit4
  • Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) is an intracellular lipase found in most tissues. (novonordisk.com)
  • NNC0076-0079 selectively inhibits hormone sensitive lipase in vitro. (novonordisk.com)
  • In a study of Old Order Amish patients, a mutation in the gene that encodes for hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was tied to dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, systemic insulin resistance, and diabetes, Coleen Damcott, PhD , of the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, and colleagues reported online first in the New England Journal of Medicine . (medpagetoday.com)
  • A deletion in the gene encoding hormone-sensitive lipase, a key enzyme for lipolysis, was associated with abnormalities in adipocyte function and systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis. (medpagetoday.com)
Triglyceride5
Gene2
  • Mechanistically, FSH, via binding to hepatic FSHRs, activates the Gi2α/β-arrestin-2/Akt pathway and subsequently inhibits the binding of FoxO1 with the SREBP-2 promoter, thus preventing FoxO1 from repressing SREBP-2 gene transcription. (nature.com)
  • Berry intake changes hepatic gene expression and DNA methylation patterns associated with high-fat diet. (lu.se)
Lipids1
  • Methods: Twenty-one healthy volunteers participated in a 2 week double-blind, placebo-controlled study on the effect of the protease inhibitor ritonavir on total lipids, apolipoproteins, and post-heparin plasma lipase activities. (elsevierpure.com)
Endothelial2
Lipid2
  • APOE is also involved in the formation of chylomicrons and VLDL and affects the activity of other lipid metabolism-associated proteins and enzymes, such as hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase. (dovepress.com)
  • post-menopausal women with a higher serum FSH (≥78.3 IU/L) had higher serum TC and LDL-C levels than those with relatively lower FSH levels (40-78.3 IU/L), and ovariectomized mice had higher serum FSH and lipid levels and reduced hepatic LDL receptor expression. (nature.com)
Serum3
  • In this study, we find that blocking FSH reduces serum cholesterol via inhibiting hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis. (nature.com)
  • Carriers of the mutation had higher serum triglycerides, more hepatic fat, worse fasting insulin levels, and lower levels of HDL cholesterol, as well as nearly a twofold increased risk of type 2 diabetes compared with noncarriers, they reported ( P =0.02). (medpagetoday.com)
  • patients with Gilbert's syndrome may only be included if TBL = 3.0 x ULN or direct bilirubin = 1.5 x ULN, CrCl = 30 mL/min as calculated using Cockcroft-Gault formula, Serum lipase = 1.5 x ULN. (who.int)
Enzymes1
Liver7
  • Hepatic lipase can then catalyze the conversion of IDL to LDL by breaking down triacylglycerides in IDL and release free fatty acids to be used by other cells with low concentrations of cholesterol or stored in the liver for later use. (wikipedia.org)
  • First, HDL that makes its way to the liver, binds to HL thereby removing the heparan sulfate proteoglycan and freeing up the hepatic lipase into the bloodstream, but HL is still inactive due to the proteins on the surface of the lipoprotein. (wikipedia.org)
  • causes associated with liver disease can be categorized according to cause as prehepatic, hepatic, or posthepatic. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • This categorization is relative to the normal directional flow of from the portal vein to the liver (portal tracts), across the sinusoids, with egress through the hepatic vein into the vena cava. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Laboratory Tests of the Liver and Gallbladder Laboratory tests are generally effective for the following: Detecting hepatic dysfunction Assessing the severity of liver injury Monitoring the course of liver diseases and the response to treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We describe a 27-year-old man with acute cholecysti- large fluid collection in the right lobe of the liver, with tis, hepatic abscess, and bacteremia caused by Clostridium multiple adjacent smaller satellite fluid collections. (cdc.gov)
  • It is currently the most sensitive enzymatic indicator of liver disease, with normal values rarely found in the presence of hepatic disease. (cdc.gov)
Insulin3
  • Adipose tissue in obesity becomes refractory to suppression of fat mobilization by insulin, and also to the normal acute stimulatory effect of insulin on activation of lipoprotein lipase (involved in fat storage). (cambridge.org)
  • Other influences of the LDL subfraction profile were the activities of lipases and parameters indicative of the presence of insulin resistance. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Lipoprotein lipase activity is believed to be modulated by hormonal influence such as insulin and resistance of LPL to insulin may be responsible for the lower preheparin LPL documented in CAD patients. (gla.ac.uk)
Diacylglycerol1
  • Proposed mechanisms of action of OM3FAs include inhibition of diacylglycerol acyltransferase, increased plasma lipoprotein lipase activity, decreased hepatic lipogenesis, and increased hepatic β-oxidation. (ku.edu)
Activity3
  • Males on the average had twice the hepatic lipase activity of females. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The exaggerated hypertriglyceridaemia may be related to the preheparin lipoprotein lipase activity, which was demonstrated to be significantly lower in CAD patients compared to age matched controls. (gla.ac.uk)
  • In hepatic disease, an increase in ALP activity is generally accepted as an indication of biliary obstruction. (cdc.gov)
Levels1
  • Elevated levels of the transaminases can indicate myocardial infarction, hepatic disease, muscular dystrophy, or organ damage. (cdc.gov)
Damage1
  • hepatic and renal damage. (cdc.gov)
Lysosomal acid lipase7
  • Lysosomal Acid Lipase (LAL) deficiency is a rare metabolic storage disease, caused by a marked reduction in activity of LAL, which leads to accumulation of cholesteryl esters (CE) and triglycerides (TG) in lysosomes in many tissues. (nih.gov)
  • Secondly, we used MR spectroscopy to monitor the effects of an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), sebelipase alfa (a recombinant human lysosomal acid lipase), on hepatic TG and CE content in the preclinical model. (nih.gov)
  • Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency is a metabolic lipid storage disease. (nih.gov)
  • Infants with this form of Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency develop failure in multiple organs, and severe malnutrition. (nih.gov)
  • Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency is caused by genetic changes in the LIPA gene, which provides instructions to produce the lysosomal acid lipase enzyme. (nih.gov)
  • Lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase (LIPA, aka lysosomal acid lipase, LAL) is structurally related to previously described enteric acid lipases and catalyses the deacylation of triacylglyceryl and cholesteryl ester core lipids of endocytosed low density lipoproteins (LDLs) (Anderson & Sando 1991, Ameis et al. (reactome.org)
  • Cloning and expression of cDNA encoding human lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase. (reactome.org)
Deficiency11
  • Hepatic lipase deficiency is a disorder that affects the body's ability to break down fats (lipids). (medlineplus.gov)
  • In people with hepatic lipase deficiency, the LDL molecules are often abnormally large. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, some individuals with hepatic lipase deficiency, who have this imbalance of HDL and LDL, develop atherosclerosis and heart disease in mid-adulthood, while others do not. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is unknown whether people with hepatic lipase deficiency have a greater risk of developing atherosclerosis or heart disease than individuals in the general population. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Similarly, it is unclear how increased blood triglycerides and cholesterol levels affect the risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease in people with hepatic lipase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It is unclear what effect this change in lipid levels has on people with hepatic lipase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Lipoprotein metabolism in subjects with hepatic lipase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We used (1)H magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy to characterize the abnormalities in hepatic lipid content and composition in patients with LAL deficiency, and in ex vivo liver tissue from a LAL deficiency rat model. (nih.gov)
  • 120 mg/dl includes patients with diagnoses such as familial hypercholesterolemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia, sitosterolemia, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase or apo-CII deficiency, and dysbetalipoproteinemia. (nih.gov)
  • 25 mg/dl includes patients with deficiency of cholesteryl ester transfer protein, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, phospholipid transfer protein, lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase, or apo-CII, ANGPTL3, and Tangier disease. (nih.gov)
  • 150 mg/dl includes patients with deficiency of lipoprotein lipase, hepatic lipase or apoC-II, GPIHBP1, LMF1, dysbetalipoproteinemia, Type I, Type IV and Type V hyperlipidemia. (nih.gov)
Enzyme6
Lipoprotein lipase and hepatic2
Metabolism2
  • Kobayashi J, Miyashita K, Nakajima K, Mabuchi H. Hepatic Lipase: a Comprehensive View of its Role on Plasma Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We examined hepatic lipase metabolism in normal, 6-wk-old CRF rats, CRF-PTX (parathyroidectomized) rats, and CRF and normal rats treated with verapamil (CRF-V, normal-V) using liver homogenate, hepatic cell culture for 8 h, and in vitro liver perfusion. (jci.org)
Triglyceride-rich particles1
  • It is thought to inhibit hepatic uptake of triglyceride-rich particles. (bioradiations.com)
Triglycerides1
  • 7 As adipocytes become insulin resistant, insulin can no longer appropriately inhibit hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), which leads to constitutive release of free fatty acid (FFA) from intracellular triglycerides stores. (acc.org)
Cholesterol6
  • Hepatic lipase can then catalyze the conversion of IDL to LDL by breaking down triacylglycerides in IDL and release free fatty acids to be used by other cells with low concentrations of cholesterol or stored in the liver for later use. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hepatic (1)H MR spectroscopy was performed using 3T (human) and 7T (preclinical) MRI scanners to quantify hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content. (nih.gov)
  • Two more genes in the cholesterol pathway-lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and ATP binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1)-showed some association with AMD, but more research will be needed to confirm the finding. (nih.gov)
  • Scientists identified two additional genes, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and ATP binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCA1), that may be involved in the cholesterol pathway as well, but more research is needed to confirm these findings. (nih.gov)
  • The pancreas secretes pancreatic lipase , colipase, and cholesterol esterase , which hydrolyze the lipid into cholesterol , fatty acids , and 2-monoglyceride molecules. (amboss.com)
  • mouse-adcl3 Mus musculus (Mouse) Arylacetamide deacetylase-like 3 , mouse-adcl4 Mus musculus (Mouse) Arylacetamide deacetylase-like 4 Hypothetical esterase/lipase/thioesterase family active site containing protein , mouse-aryla Mus musculus (Mouse) arylacetamide deacetylase and 5033417e09rik protein , mouse-Q8BLF1 Mus musculus (Mouse) KIAA1363 NCEH1 neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 B230106I24RIK , mouse-b1avu7 Mus musculus (Mouse). (inra.fr)
Hydrolase1
  • Hepatic lipase also binds heparin and has the dual functions of triglyceride hydrolase and ligand bridging factor for receptor-mediated lipoprotein uptake, and has been shown to be expressed in the retina. (medscape.com)
Steatosis4
  • Mechanisms of disease:hepatic steatosis in type 2 diabetes-pathogenesis and clinical relevance. (udea.edu.co)
  • Postica C, Girarda J. The role of the lipogenic pathway in the development of hepatic steatosis. (udea.edu.co)
  • and (4) undergo deposition as triglyceride leading to hepatic steatosis. (acc.org)
  • Progression of NAFLD from simple steatosis to hepatic inflammation and liver fibrosis is a complex multi-cellular process involving the interaction of a number of cell types including hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells as well as infiltrating immune cells [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Pancreatic3
Particles2
  • Hepatic lipase hydrolyzes triglyceride-rich HDL particles, which are then rapidly catabolized and removed from the bloodstream. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Insulin resistance increases the activity of hepatic lipase, which, as previously stated, is responsible for the hydrolysis of phospholipids in LDL and HDL particles, resulting in smaller, denser LDL particles and a decrease in HDL2. (alliedacademies.org)
Heparin4
  • Post-heparin hepatic lipase activity is reduced in chronic renal failure (CRF). (jci.org)
  • Infusion of heparin to the in vitro hepatic perfusion system increased the activity of hepatic lipase in the effluent in all groups of rat except in CRF animals. (jci.org)
  • Infusion of PTH-(1-34) in dose of 10(-6) M into the liver perfusion system inhibited the increase in post-heparin hepatic lipase activity. (jci.org)
  • Lipase activity (breakdown of fats) in the blood is measured following the injection of heparin into a vein. (nih.gov)
Promoter1
  • A novel allele in the promoter of the hepatic lipase is associated with increased concentration of HDL-C and decreased promoter activity. (nih.gov)
Lipoproteins1
VLDL2
  • Among the changes are increased hepatic VLDL production and poor clearance of VLDL and intestinally generated chylomicrons. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Increased hepatic synthesis of big VLDL and/or delayed clearance of big VLDL from plasma results in an increase in tiny dense LDL particle precursors. (alliedacademies.org)
Endothelial cells2
Abnormalities1
  • Abnormalities in hepatic lipase in chronic renal failure: role of excess parathyroid hormone. (jci.org)
Hepatocytes1
Synthesis1
Transcript1
  • 0.001), with moderate correlation of hepatic transcript levels and serum levels. (biomedcentral.com)
Rats3
  • A significant decrease in hepatic CE was observed in LAL-deficient rats following treatment with sebelipase alfa. (nih.gov)
  • Culture of hepatic cells for 8 h was associated with an increase in hepatic lipase activity but the increment in CRF rats was significantly (P (jci.org)
  • Both parathyroid hormone (PTH)-(1-84) and 1-34 inhibited the production of hepatic lipase in cultured cells from normal, CRF-PTX, CRF-V, and normal-V rats. (jci.org)
Increases1
Type1
Role1
  • Hepatic lipase thus plays an important role in triglyceride level regulation in the blood by maintaining steady levels of IDL, HDL and LDL. (wikipedia.org)