From these studies, the emerging picture is that the RLD is a versatile domain which may perform many different functions, including guanine nucleotide exchange on small GTP-binding proteins, enzyme inhibition or interaction with proteins and lipids. (nih.gov)
The normal rate of Ras catalytic GTPase (GTP hydrolysis) activity can be increased by proteins of the RasGAP family, which bind to Ras and increase its catalytic rate by a factor of one thousand - in effect, increasing the rate at which Ras is inactivated. (bionity.com)
The rationale of this organization may be related to important roles of these proteins as "exchange hubs" for the signaling proteins for their migration from the subcortical cytosol to the membrane. (frontiersin.org)
The encoded protein belongs to a family of cytoplasmic proteins that activate the Ras-like family of Rho proteins by exchanging bound GDP for GTP. (antibodies-online.com)
We have revealed the design principles and functions of "pH sensors" described as endogenous proteins regulated within the cellular pH range, including guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulating cell polarity (Frantz et al. (ucsf.edu)
Protein8
However, there are some similarities in how different GEFs alter the conformation of the G protein nucleotide-binding site. (wikipedia.org)
The C9orf72 protein is predicted to be a differentially expressed in normal and neoplastic cells domain protein implying that C9orf72 functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) to regulate specific Rab GTPases. (bath.ac.uk)
Iyer, S , Subramanian, V & Acharya, KR 2018, ' C9orf72, a protein associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor ', PeerJ , pp. 1-29. (bath.ac.uk)
A rat gene, mss4, that encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Sec4 was recently cloned by its ability to rescue defects in protein transport of a yeast temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant, sec4-8. (elsevierpure.com)
This gene encodes a large protein that functions as a GDP to GTP exchange factor. (cancerindex.org)
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors. (novusbio.com)
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (Son-of-sevenless) is a complex multidomain protein that activates the small GTPase Ras (H-Ras, K-Ras, N-Ras, but not functionally distinct R-Ras) in response to receptor tyrosine kinase stimulation. (novusbio.com)
The inhibitory effect of cAMP could not be reversed by inhibition of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) but was blocked by depletion of the alternative intracellular cAMP sensor exchange protein activated by cAMP 1 (Epac1), which is also required to observe SOCS-3 accumulation in response to cAMP. (gla.ac.uk)
GTPases5
GTPases contain two loops called switch 1 and switch 2 that are situated on either side of the bound nucleotide. (wikipedia.org)
A novel group of bacterial virulence factors termed the WXXXE family has emerged as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for these GTPases. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
In cell signalling , Son of Sevenless , or SOS , is a gene encoding a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that acts on Ras - GTPases . (bionity.com)
SOS (and other guanine nucleotide exchange factors) act by binding Ras-GTPases and forcing them to release of their bound nucleotide (usually GDP). (bionity.com)
By another (separable) guanine exchange factor domain domain Sos modulates activity of Rac/Rho GTPases. (novusbio.com)
GEFs2
Thus, GEFs both destabilize the GTPase interaction with GDP and stabilize the nucleotide-free GTPase until a GTP molecule binds to it. (wikipedia.org)
TARP functions by binding two distinct Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), Sos1 and Vav2, in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner. (elsevierpure.com)
GTPase4
These regions and the phosphate-binding loop of the GTPase interact with the phosphates of the nucleotide and a coordinating magnesium ion to maintain high affinity binding of the nucleotide. (wikipedia.org)
The distinctive presence of both Rab- and Rho-GTPase GEF activities suggests that C9orf72 may function as a dual exchange factor coupling physiological functions such as cytoskeleton modulation and autophagy with endocytosis. (bath.ac.uk)
We also show that dissociation of the GDP.Mg(2+) complex is preceded by the displacement of the metal ion to the alpha-phosphate of the nucleotide, diminishing its affinity to the GTPase. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
Once released from SOS, the Ras-GTPase quickly binds fresh guanine nucleotide from the cytosol. (bionity.com)
Genetics1
We did not detect association between the remaining risk factors and neonatal FeNO levels.Increased FeNO in healthy newborns seems strongly influenced by genetics including father's atopy and child's variants in the DENND1B locus at chromosome 1q31.3. (nih.gov)
Encodes1
HER2/neu (also called ERB B2 ) is the gene that encodes the human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2. (cancerquest.org)
RhoA2
Northwestern Events Calendar: 10/5/2023 CAN SEMINAR SERIES: 'Altered Cortical Expression of a RhoA-specific Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor in Bipolar Disorder Causes Altered Synaptic Stability and Cognitive Dysfunction ' with Michael Cahill Ph.D. (northwestern.edu)
Structure of Shigella IpgB2 in complex with human RhoA: implications for the mechanism of bacterial guanine nucleotide exchange factor mimicry. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
MeSH1
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ouhsc.edu)
Cyclic1
Binding to cAMP, the nucleotide cyclic AMP (adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate). (mcw.edu)
Receptor3
The guanine-nucleotide exchange factor Vav is a crucial regulator of B cell receptor activation and B cell responses to nonrepetitive antigens. (ox.ac.uk)
These results provide the first genetic evidence on the role of the guanine exchange factor Vav in immune responses to viral infections and antigenic challenge in vivo, and suggest that Vav adjusts the threshold for Ag receptor-mediated B cell activation depending on the nature of the Ag. (ox.ac.uk)
This receptor is found in moderate levels on some normal cells and as the gene's name implies, it is involved in cellular responses to growth factors. (cancerquest.org)
Mutation1
Two of the mutations that cause this disorder delete nucleotides, and one mutation replaces one nucleotide with an incorrect nucleotide. (medlineplus.gov)
Phosphorylation1
Consistent with this observation, cAMP elevation in HUVECs produced a transient yet robust activation of ERK, and subsequent phosphorylation of transcription factor C/EBPβ, both of which were resistant to PKA inhibition. (gla.ac.uk)
Expression1
Network analysis of disrupted genes with high brain expression identified significant enrichment in pathways of the cholinergic synapse, guanine-exchange factor activation and the mammalian target of rapamycin. (bmj.com)
Abstract1
ABSTRACT: The structural stability of guanine quadruplexes depends critically on an unusual configuration of dehydrated Na+ or K+ ions, closely spaced along the central axis of the quadruplex. (lu.se)
Receptors1
The mammalian homologue similarly functions downstream of many growth factor and adhesion receptors. (bionity.com)
Structural1
A variety of unrelated structural domains have been shown to exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange activity. (wikipedia.org)
Binding3
Nucleotide exchange activity of Sos is stimulated by allosteric Ras binding. (novusbio.com)
Dynein light chain LC8-nNOS from acto-myosin Va is possibly exchanged with shank, which thereafter facilitates transposition of nNOS for binding with palmitoyl-PSD95 at the nerve terminal membrane. (frontiersin.org)
As shown below, binding of the growth factor can lead to cell division. (cancerquest.org)
Family1
The Sec7 domain is a guanine-nucleotide-exchange-factor (GEF) for the pfam00025 family. (nih.gov)
Slowly1
Its secondary structure was also deduced from slowly exchanging amide protons, characteristic NOEs, and 3 J NH-cαH coupling constants. (elsevierpure.com)
Functions2
The structure of alsin predicts that it functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). (medscape.com)
SOS-1 is a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor that functions in the transduction of signals that control cell growth and differentiation 9,10 . (bvsalud.org)
Specific1
RasGRPs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that are specific for Ras or Rap, and are important regulators of cellular signaling. (rcsb.org)
Topic1
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors" by people in this website by year, and whether "Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ouhsc.edu)
Cell1
P-Rex1, a Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), was previously identified in this lab in a transcriptional screen for mediators of cell invasion. (gla.ac.uk)
Genetic1
In meiosis, the genetic information inherited from a person's mother and father is recombined through crossing over (exchange between homologous chromosomes). (msdmanuals.com)
Article1
Is the Subject Area "Guanine nucleotide exchange factors" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
Range1
More detailed information of completely dehydrated alkali ions (usually K+ or Na+) about the internal ions can be obtained by measuring the coordinated to the buried carbonyl oxygens of the nucleotide spin relaxation rate(s) over a wide range of resonance bases. (lu.se)