• In enzymology, a glycerate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.29) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction (D)-glycerate + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } hydroxypyruvate + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (R)-glycerate and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are hydroxypyruvate, NADH, and H+. (wikipedia.org)
  • That is, hydroxypyruvate, NADH, and H+ can act as the substrates while (R)-glycerate and NAD+ are formed as products. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other names in common use include D-glycerate dehydrogenase, and hydroxypyruvate reductase (due to the reversibility of the reaction). (wikipedia.org)
  • There are currently several structures that have been solved for this class of enzyme including those for the two mentioned above with PDB access code 1GDH, D-glycerate dehydrogenase, and the human homolog Glyoxylate reductase/Hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR), 2WWR. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glyoxylate reductase/Hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) is the glycerate dehydrogenase found, predominantly in the liver, of humans encoded by the gene GRHPR. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the name suggests, in addition to the glycerate dehydrogenase and hydroxypyruvate reductase activity, the protein also exhibits glyoxylate reductase activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • A Cytosolic Pathway for the Conversion of Hydroxypyruvate to Glycerate during Photorespiration in Arabidopsis. (mpg.de)
  • Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate into glycolate and glycerate, respectively. (joplink.net)
  • Reduces glyoxylate to glycolate or hydroxypyruvate to D-glycerate. (expasy.org)
  • The ability of GRHPR to reduce glyoxylate to glycolate is found in other glycerate dehydrogenase homologs as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • The resulting 3-ketose-1-phosphate intermediate is hydrolysed, as in the authentic RuBisCO-catalysed reaction, to generate glycolate and 3-phospho- D -glycerate. (enzyme-database.org)
  • Specificity: Natural and recombinant Bovine Alpha-enolase GeneName: ENO1 ProteinName: Alpha-enolase Alternative: 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase,Enolase. (researchd.com)
  • D-GLYCERATE 3-KINASE, the last unknown enzyme in the photorespiratory cycle in Arabidopsis, belongs to a novel kinase family. (mpg.de)
  • Glycerate kinase family [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
  • Other names for this condition are c ongenital oxaluria, D-glycerate dehydrogenase deficiency, glyceric aciduria, glycolic aciduria, hepatic AGT deficiency, oxalosis, and peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase deficiency. (jewishgenetics.org)
  • Here we design a synthetic malyl-CoA-glycerate (MCG) pathway to augment the CBB cycle for efficient acetyl-CoA synthesis. (osti.gov)
  • article{osti_1500021, title = {Augmenting the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle by a synthetic malyl-CoA-glycerate carbon fixation pathway}, author = {Yu, Hong and Li, Xiaoqian and Duchoud, Fabienne and Chuang, Derrick S. and Liao, James C.}, abstractNote = {The Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle is presumably evolved for optimal synthesis of C3 sugars, but not for the production of C2 metabolite acetyl-CoA. (osti.gov)
  • It is commonly confused with the similarly named glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. (hmdb.ca)
  • A common regulator for the operons encoding the enzymes involved in D-galactarate, D-glucarate, and D-glycerate utilization in Escherichia coli. (rhea-db.org)
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-glycerate:NAD+ oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
  • An enzyme completes the process by adding carbon dioxide to a 5 carbon sugar forming Gp (glycerate-3-phosphate). (nmmra.org)
  • Many organisms from Hyphomicrobium methylovorum to humans have some form of the glycerate dehydrogenase protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • These encode, in three transcriptional units, (D)-glucarate dehydratase (GlucD), galactarate dehydratase, 5-keto-4-deoxy-(D)-glucarate aldolase, tartronate semialdehyde reductase, a glycerate kinase that generates 2-phosphoglycerate as product, and two hexaric acid transporters. (rhea-db.org)
  • D-glycerate 2-kinase (EC 2.7.1. (lbl.gov)
  • This locus encodes a member of the glycerate kinase type-2 family. (nih.gov)
  • Other names in common use include D-glycerate dehydrogenase, and hydroxypyruvate reductase (due to the reversibility of the reaction). (wikipedia.org)
  • There are currently several structures that have been solved for this class of enzyme including those for the two mentioned above with PDB access code 1GDH, D-glycerate dehydrogenase, and the human homolog Glyoxylate reductase/Hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR), 2WWR. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glyoxylate reductase/Hydroxypyruvate reductase (GRHPR) is the glycerate dehydrogenase found, predominantly in the liver, of humans encoded by the gene GRHPR. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the name suggests, in addition to the glycerate dehydrogenase and hydroxypyruvate reductase activity, the protein also exhibits glyoxylate reductase activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Crystalline hydroxypyruvate reductase ( D -glycerate dehydrogenase). (enzyme-database.org)
  • In enzymology, a glycerate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.29) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction (D)-glycerate + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } hydroxypyruvate + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are (R)-glycerate and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are hydroxypyruvate, NADH, and H+. (wikipedia.org)
  • D-GDH reverse reaction, 20 mmol/L D-glycerate and 0.03 mmol/L NADP and for the GR reaction 1.25 mmol/L glyoxylate and 0.33 mmol/L NADPH. (nih.gov)
  • 2 phospho glycerate reaction. (editthis.info)
  • The ability of GRHPR to reduce glyoxylate to glycolate is found in other glycerate dehydrogenase homologs as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • [ 35 , 37 ] Under normal conditions, most glyoxylate is metabolized to glycine by alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase or reduced to glycolate by D-glycerate dehydrogenase. (medscape.com)
  • Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glyoxylate and hydroxypyruvate into glycolate and glycerate, respectively. (joplink.net)
  • Comment: GarK produces 2-phospho-D-glycerate, an intermediate in glycolysis. (lbl.gov)
  • Disruptions of garK and glxK genes in the E. coli genome were performed to minimize the consumption of glycerate produced. (bvsalud.org)
  • That is, hydroxypyruvate, NADH, and H+ can act as the substrates while (R)-glycerate and NAD+ are formed as products. (wikipedia.org)
  • The next step would be making glycerate into glycerol, from which 'you can go wherever you want' in producing commodity chemicals, he claims. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Plasmid pSR3 carrying gpd1 and gpp2 encoding two isoforms of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and plasmid pLB2 carrying aldO encoding alditol oxidase from Streptomyces violaceoruber were introduced into E. coli to enable the production of glycerate from glucose via glycerol. (bvsalud.org)
  • Low doses of fructose are ∼90% cleared by the intestine, with only trace fructose but extensive fructose-derived glucose, lactate, and glycerate found in the portal blood. (uzh.ch)
  • In this study, glycerate was produced from glucose using engineered Escherichia coli BW25113. (bvsalud.org)
  • Reversed O 2 sensitivity explained by lack of glycerate re-entry into the chloroplast, Photosynth. (afs-journal.org)
  • Design and engineering of E. coli metabolic sensor strains with a wide sensitivity range for glycerate. (mpg.de)
  • Under physiological conditions, the production of D-glycerate is favored over its consumption as a substrate. (wikipedia.org)