Sex cord-gonadal stromal tumour is a group of tumors derived from the stromal component of the ovary and testis, which comprises the granulosa, thecal cells and fibrocytes. (wikipedia.org)
This tumour produces granulosa cells, which normally are found in the ovary. (wikipedia.org)
Although both cell types normally occur in the testicle, this tumour can occur in the ovary. (wikipedia.org)
With sex cord-stromal ovarian cancer , Ovarian refers to " ovary ", of which women have two that sit along either side of the uterus . (osmosis.org)
Mutation of FOXL2 in granulosa-cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
The prevalence and prognostic impact of lymph node metastasis in malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
Prognostic impact of lymphadenectomy in clinically early stage malignant germ cell tumour of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
Retroperitoneal nodal metastasis in primary and recurrent granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
Ayhan A, Salman MC, Velipasaoglu M, Sakinci M, Yuce K. Prognostic factors in adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary: a retrospective analysis of 80 cases. (cancercentrum.se)
Patterns of metastasis in sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary: can routine staging lymphadenectomy be omitted? (cancercentrum.se)
Surgical staging and adjuvant chemotherapy in the management of patients with adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
Patterns of spread and recurrence of sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary. (cancercentrum.se)
In this review, we highlighted some of the main gene networks and regulatory mechanisms involved in the plasticity of sex-determining pathways that help to establish a functional ovary that can nurture the follicles to generate a good ovarian reserve, both in quantity and quality. (lidsen.com)
Stromal tumors of the ovary include germ-cell tumors, sex-cord stromal tumors, and other more rare types. (medscape.com)
The LCOHs also include carcinosarcomas (malignant mixed Müllerian tumors of the ovary), borderline epithelial tumors (also known as low malignant potential tumors), malignant sex cord-stromal tumors, and malignant germ cell tumors. (nebraska.edu)
The LCOHs also include carcinosarcomas (malignant mixed M{\"u}llerian tumors of the ovary), borderline epithelial tumors (also known as low malignant potential tumors), malignant sex cord-stromal tumors, and malignant germ cell tumors. (nebraska.edu)
This tumour produces Leydig cells, which normally are found in the testicle and tend to secrete androgens. (wikipedia.org)
This tumour produces both Sertoli and Leydig cells. (wikipedia.org)
A very rare tumour producing both ovarian (granulosa and/or theca) and testicular (Sertoli and/or Leydig) cells or tissues. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Granulosa cell tumors and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors have specific genetic mutations that are characteristic and can help support the diagnosis. (wikipedia.org)
A retrospective study of 83 women with sex cord-stromal tumours (73 with granulosa cell tumour and 10 with Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour), all diagnosed between 1975 and 2003, reported that survival was higher with age under 50, smaller tumour size, and absence of residual disease. (wikipedia.org)
Sex cord-stromal tumors are groups of tumors composed of granulosa cells, theca cells, Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and fibroblasts of stromal origin, singly or in various combinations. (medscape.com)
Leydig cell tumors (see the image below) are rare testicular tumors of the male gonadal interstitium that may be hormonally active and lead to feminizing or virilizing syndromes. (medscape.com)
Leydig cell tumors may be an incidental finding of a testicular mass on scrotal ultrasonography performed for other conditions. (medscape.com)
Radical orchiectomy was once the primary treatment for Leydig cell tumors, and it remains in use for malignant cases. (medscape.com)
When Leydig cell tumors are diagnosed and treated early, testicle-sparing surgery has proved to be a feasible and safe choice and could be regarded as first-line therapy. (medscape.com)
In a study of 20 patients with Leydig cell tumors who were treated with conservative surgery, follow-up for a mean of 15 years found 100% disease-free survival, with no local recurrences or metastases. (medscape.com)
Leydig cell tumors are rare testicular tumors of the male gonadal interstitium. (medscape.com)
Some of these tumors are granulosa-theca cell tumors and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. (osmosis.org)
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors can secrete excess testosterone , which can cause women to have more masculine features like hirsutism , which is increased hair growth. (osmosis.org)
In the interstitial tissue, Leydig cells synthesize androgens and the insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) [ 3 ], whereas in the seminiferous tubules, Sertoli cells regulate the nutrients and factors that reach the germ cells by means of the blood-testis barrier. (biomedcentral.com)
We also molecularly defined the development of Sertoli, Leydig and peritubular myoid cells during the perinatal period, allowing us to identify candidate signaling pathways acting between somatic and germ cells in a stage-specific manner during the perinatal period. (biologists.com)
Testis5
This staging system applies to postpubertal germ cell tumors of the testis and malignant sex cord-stromal tumors of the testis. (nih.gov)
A radiosensitive, malignant neoplasm of the testis, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. (harvard.edu)
Immunohistochemical Expression of Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) in the Uninvolved Background Testis, Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ, and Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis. (harvard.edu)
A preliminary study investigating the detection of lymphovascular invasion in germ cell tumors of the testis with double staining for OCT4/CD34. (harvard.edu)
The peak incidence is in the third decade of life for non-seminomatous germ cell tumour (NSGCT) and mixed GCT patients, and in the fourth decade for seminoma testis (ST) patients. (uroweb.org)
Neoplasms2
CD56 is a sensitive marker of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors and may also be useful in the diagnosis of this group of neoplasms, especially in cases that are inhibin or calretinin negative, and the differential diagnosis includes neoplasms that are CD56 negative. (medscape.com)
It does not apply to spermatocytic tumors (no AJCC staging system), nonmalignant sex cord-/gonadal -stromal tumors (no AJCC staging system), prepubertal germ cell tumors (no AJCC staging system), hematolymphoid tumors (hematologic malignancies staging system), and paratesticular neoplasms (no AJCC staging system). (nih.gov)
Dysgenesis4
Epidemiological risk factors for TC are components of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome, which encompasses cryptorchidism, hypospadias, decreased spermatogenesis and impaired fertility [ 11-13 ] or disorders/differences of sex development [ 14 ]. (uroweb.org)
Serum AMH is undetectable in patients with congenital or acquired anorchidism, or with complete gonadal dysgenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Low circulating levels of AMH may reflect primary testicular dysfunction, e.g. in certain patients with cryptorchidism, monorchidism, partial gonadal dysgenesis, or central hypogonadism. (biomedcentral.com)
Serum AMH measurements are useful, together with testosterone determination, in the diagnosis of patients with ambiguous genitalia: both are low in patients with gonadal dysgenesis, including ovotesticular disorders of sex development, testosterone is low but AMH is in the normal male range or higher in patients with disorders of androgen synthesis, and both hormones are normal or high in patients with androgen insensitivity. (biomedcentral.com)
Tumours8
This group of tumours is significantly less common than testicular germ cell tumours in men, and slightly less common than ovarian germ cell tumours in women (see Ovarian cancer). (wikipedia.org)
CD56 may be useful for distinguishing sex cord-stromal tumours from some other types of tumours, although it does not distinguish them from neuroendocrine tumours. (wikipedia.org)
A prospective study of ovarian sex cord-stromal tumours in children and adolescents began enrolling participants in 2005. (wikipedia.org)
At diagnosis, 1-2% are bilateral and 90-95% of cases are germ cell tumours (GCT) [ 6 ]. (uroweb.org)
To assess this, we examined testes of Inha KO mice, which feature elevated activin A levels and bioactivity, and develop gonadal stromal cell tumours as adults. (bvsalud.org)
Transcriptional analyses of Inha KO tumours, tubules adjacent to tumours, and tubules distant from tumour regions revealed disrupted gene expression in each KO group increased in parallel with tumour proximity. (bvsalud.org)
EN":"Top five tumours most diagnosed in Veneto and proportion with the total number of tumours by sex"},"freq_title_inc_asl":{"IT":"Primi cinque tumori pi\u00f9 frequentemente diagnosticati nella ASLX e proporzione sul totale dei tumori per sesso. (registrotumoriveneto.it)
EN":"Exclusions: DCO, lost to follow-up, incompatible morfology or topografy according to 2016 AIRTUM monography 'La sopravvivenza dei pazienti oncologici in Italia', multiple tumours cases on the same site. (registrotumoriveneto.it)
Annular tubules1
Sex cord tumour with annular tubules, abbreviated SCTAT. (wikipedia.org)
Children and adolescents1
He is Editor of the book "Rare Tumors in Children and Adolescents", Springer 2012. (comsbox.com)
Tubules1
Intriguingly, clusters of GFRA1+/EOMES+/LIN28A- cells, resembling a primitive SSC subset, were frequently observed in tubules adjacent to tumour regions. (bvsalud.org)
Benign4
The tumour is almost exclusively benign and unilateral. (wikipedia.org)
If any of those cells starts to divide uncontrollably, it can either form a benign tumor which means that it doesn't invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body , or it can be a malignant tumor which means that it can invade nearby tissue and spread to other parts of the body . (osmosis.org)
Compared with benign tumor cells, malignant tumor cells have key features like not having a clearly defined border or like having slightly less organized nuclei. (osmosis.org)
The ovaries consist of different types of tissue ( epithelial , germ cells, and sex cord tissue), which may give rise to benign or malignant tumors . (amboss.com)
Extragonadal germ1
Pauniaho SL, Salonen J, Helminen M, Vettenranta K, Heikinheimo M, Heikinheimo O. The incidences of malignant gonadal and extragonadal germ cell tumors in males and females: a population-based study covering over 40 years in Finland. (cancercentrum.se)
Cell31
In contrast, the epithelial cells originate from the outer epithelial lining surrounding the gonad while the germ cell tumors arise from the precursor cells of the gametes, hence the name germ cell. (wikipedia.org)
Uncommonly, a similar but possibly distinct tumour, juvenile granulosa cell tumour, presents in pre-pubertal girls with precocious puberty. (wikipedia.org)
For diagnosis of granulosa cell tumour, inhibin is under investigation. (wikipedia.org)
Low magnification micrograph of a granulosa cell tumour. (wikipedia.org)
A worldwide database analysis revealed that younger age, smaller tumor size, early stage, and granulosa cell tumor histologic type appear to be independent prognostic factors for improved survival in patients with malignant sex cord-stromal tumors who undergo lymph node dissection. (medscape.com)
These tumors can be pure or can be mixed with other sex cord-stromal or germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
The first main type of sex-cord stromal tumor is a granulosa-theca cell tumor. (osmosis.org)
Granulosa-theca cell tumors produce excess estradiol, which can cause very specific hormone-associated symptoms like uterine bleeding , breast tenderness, and early puberty in young girls. (osmosis.org)
In clinical practice, she concentrates on germ cell tumors, while her epidemiologic research primarily focuses on colorectal cancer screening and prevention. (dana-farber.org)
and (3) treatment of germ cell tumors in pediatric patients. (dana-farber.org)
In clinical care, Dr. Frazier is the national expert on germ cell tumors in pediatric patients and oversees the care of these patients referred to DFCI. (dana-farber.org)
In addition, she is cochair of two national protocols that opened in 1999 for the treatment of low-risk and high-risk pediatric germ cell tumors and chair of the COG Germ Cell subcommittee in COG Rare Tumors. (dana-farber.org)
The classical seminoma is composed of fairly well differentiated sheets or cords of uniform polygonal or round cells (seminoma cells), each cell having abundant clear cytoplasm, distinct cell membranes, a centrally placed round nucleus, and one or more nucleoli. (harvard.edu)
Evaluation of miR-371a-3p to predict viable germ cell tumor in patients with pure seminoma receiving retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. (harvard.edu)
Most malignant post-pubertal GCTs originate from germ cell neoplasia " in situ " (GCNIS). (uroweb.org)
mice lacking activin A (Inhba KO) display altered somatic and germ cell proliferation, disrupted cord elongation and altered steroid synthesis. (bvsalud.org)
Quantitation of Sertoli and germ cells in Inha KO (modelling elevated activin A) and Inhba KO (low activin A) testes using immunofluorescence demonstrated activin A bioactivity determines the Sertoli/germ cell ratio. (bvsalud.org)
Finally, elevation of serum AMH above normal male prepubertal levels may be indicative of rare cases of sex-cord stromal tumors or Sertoli cell-limited disturbance in the McCune Albright syndrome. (biomedcentral.com)
Mayr D, Hirschmann A, Marlow S, Horvath C, Diebold J. Analysis of selected oncogenes (AKT1, FOS, BCL2L2, TGFbeta) on chromosome 14 in granulosa cell tumors (GCTs): a comprehensive study on 30 GCTs combining comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and fluorescence-in situ-hybridization (FISH). (cancercentrum.se)
Ovulatory surges of human CG prevent hormone-induced granulosa cell tumor formation leading to the identification of tumor-associated changes in the transcriptome. (cancercentrum.se)
CpG methylation of the FHIT, FANCF, cyclin-D2, BRCA2 and RUNX3 genes in Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of ovarian origin. (cancercentrum.se)
Conservative surgery to preserve ovarian function in patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. (cancercentrum.se)
Bjorkholm E, Silfversward C. Granulosa- and theca-cell tumors. (cancercentrum.se)
In the last four decades, transgenic and knockout mouse models have helped to understand the mechanisms of mammalian sex determination, germ cell development, and adult gonad functions. (lidsen.com)
They are a type of germ cell tumor (a tumor that begins in the cells that give rise to sperm or eggs ). (mdwiki.org)
The chair of the Childrens Hospital, Prof. Dr. Dominik T. Schneider has a long-time clinical and research experience in germ cell tumors, gonadal tumors and very rare tumors (VRT). (comsbox.com)
For his work on germ cell and very rare tumors he has won several prizes from GPOH, SIOP and ASCO (Brigid Leventhal Award 2003). (comsbox.com)
Ovarian tumors include luteoma of pregnancy, arrhenoblastoma, hilar-cell tumor, masculinizing ovarian stromal cell tumor, and Krukenberg tumor. (health.am)
Teratoma4
A teratoma is a tumor made up of several different types of tissue , such as hair , muscle , teeth , or bone . (mdwiki.org)
Mature teratoma of the mediastinum: A horizontal slice of the resected tumor reveals fibrofatty tissue, calcified areas, and a few cystic spaces lined with smooth membrane and containing a hair. (mdwiki.org)
Immature teratoma has one of the lowest rates of somatic mutation of any tumor type and results from one of five mechanisms of meiotic failure. (mdwiki.org)
Through genetic studies of exome sequence, it was found that gliomatosis is genetically identical to the parent ovarian tumor and developed from cells that disseminate from the ovarian teratoma. (mdwiki.org)
Uterus2
The development of the gonadal and reproductive tract (uterus and vagina in females, and seminal vesicles, prostate glands, and penis in males) starts around E10.5 in mice, and they are almost completely developed at birth. (lidsen.com)
Solitary tumors of the uterus which arise de novo from the mesenchymal cells of the myometrium. (brainscape.com)
Rare tumour2
On magnetic resonance imaging, a fibroma may produce one of several imaging features that might be used in the future to identify this rare tumour prior to surgery. (wikipedia.org)
It hosts the Italian very rare tumour registry. (comsbox.com)
Adolescents1
GU tract pathologies can arise potentially at any stage of a person's life: newborns and infants can start showing signs and symptoms of congenital GU abnormalities, early or delayed puberty can become a burden for adolescents, STDs remain a major public health concern in sexually active teens and adults, and the potential for gonadal or cervical malignancy is constantly looming in particular cases. (lecturio.com)
Gonad1
Second, networks of genes and hormones regulate the advancement of sex determination and gonad differentiation, known as the gonadal sex phase. (lidsen.com)
Common malignant1
And these are the most common malignant stromal tumors and they're associated with middle-aged women. (osmosis.org)
Inhibin2
Although various markers have been reported to stain sex cord-stromal tumors (eg, CD99, CD56, A103, müllerian inhibiting factor, vimentin), inhibin and calretinin have proven to be the most helpful to date. (medscape.com)
In the adult male, the appraisal of the endocrine function of the gonadal axis usually relies on the assessment of serum levels of gonadotropins, testosterone and inhibin B. In pediatric ages, basal testosterone and gonadotropin levels may be largely uninformative. (biomedcentral.com)
The term sex cord refers to an embryonic structures that develop into ovarian follicles and stromal cells are the connective tissue of any organ. (osmosis.org)
The 50% reduction in gonocytes in Inha KO testes at birth indicates unopposed activin A has a profound impact on embryonic germ cells. (bvsalud.org)
Stroma1
Produces a "barrel cervix" if the tumor encircles the cervix and invades the underlying stroma. (brainscape.com)
Ovarian follicle3
This tumour produces theca of follicle, a tissue normally found in the ovarian follicle. (wikipedia.org)
So a sex cord-stromal ovarian cancer is a type of tumor that develops from either ovarian follicle cells or connective tissue cells . (osmosis.org)
Sex cord-stromal ovarian cancer is a type of tumor that develops from either ovarian follicle cells, or connective tissue cells . (osmosis.org)
Secrete1
Although these tumors usually secrete testosterone, the production of estrogen, progesterone, and corticosteroids has also been described. (medscape.com)
Microscopic2
A. Tumor grossly limited to the true pelvis with negative nodes but with histologically confirmed microscopic seeding of abdominal peritoneal surfaces. (medscape.com)
Microscopic examination of tumor Tumor Inflammation cells after surgery or biopsyBiopsy Removal and pathologic examination of specimens from the living body. (lecturio.com)
Tissue2
Under the microscope, these tumors classically develop little fluid pockets scattered throughout the tissue that are called Call-Exner bodies. (osmosis.org)
pHOD coordinates Italian protocols for soft tissue sarcoma (STS), lymphoma, very rare tumors, CNS tumors and new drugs. (comsbox.com)
Adult1
In this review, we focused on the molecular mechanisms of ovarian sex determination and on understanding mutual cross-talks between central molecules in sex development which might impact fertility later in adult life. (lidsen.com)
Male Hypogonadism1
Therefore, it appears evident that the assessment of gonadal function and the definition of male hypogonadism should rely on the understanding of normal testicular physiology resulting from the integrated function of the tubular and interstitial compartments, and its developmental changes from fetal life through maturity [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Markers2
Evaluation usually includes ultrasonography, CT or MRI, and measurement of tumor markers (eg, cancer antigen 125). (merckmanuals.com)
Biomarkers in Testicular Cancer: Classic Tumor Markers and Beyond. (harvard.edu)
Estrogen excess and feminizing syndromes may occur from the peripheral aromatization of testosterone or from the direct production of estradiol by the tumor itself. (medscape.com)
Ovaries3
C: Tumor either Stage IA or Stage IB, but with tumor on the surface of one or both ovaries, or with capsule ruptured, or with ascites containing malignant cells or with positive peritoneal washings. (medscape.com)
Tumor involving one or both ovaries with peritoneal implants outside the pelvis and/or positive retroperitoneal or inguinal nodes. (medscape.com)
B. Tumor of one or both ovaries with histologically confirmed implants of abdominal peritoneal surfaces, none exceeding 2 cm in diameter. (medscape.com)