Genome gene expression regulation bacterial. Medical search. Frequent questions

The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
Currently, it is not known whether orthologous, inhibitory serpin genes retain the same target proteinase specificity within the Drosophilid lineage, nor whether they give rise to non-inhibitory serpin-fold proteins or other, more diverged, proteins. (cnrs.fr)
Soybean gene functions cannot be easily interrogated through transgenic disruption (knock-out) of genes-of-interest, or transgenic overexpression of proteins-of-interest, because soybean transformation is time-consuming and technically challenging. (researchsquare.com)
Meanwhile, FZ supported systemic expression of fluorescent proteins mNeonGreen and mCherry in N. benthamiana and soybean. (researchsquare.com)
It is organized into genes that specify the production of proteins. (corteva.com)
There are several forms of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA) which conveys the genetic information from genes (encoded by nucleotides) to proteins (encoded by amino acids). (corteva.com)
Degradations of proteins to amino acids and regulation. (unizg.hr)
L genes encode viral capsid proteins. (medscape.com)
E proteins made by the viral genome promote the activation of host DNA replication mechanisms that can then be used by the virus during its own replication. (medscape.com)
Furthermore, chromatophore-localized biosynthetic pathways as well as multiprotein complexes include proteins of dual genetic origin, suggesting that mechanisms evolved that coordinate gene expression levels between chromatophore and nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
These proteins show similar domain architectures as known organelle-targeted expression regulators of the octotrico peptide repeat type in algae and plants. (frontiersin.org)
Apparently these chromatophore-targeted proteins evolved convergently to plastid-targeted expression regulators and are likely involved in gene expression control in the chromatophore. (frontiersin.org)
Phylogenetic profiling (comparison of differential gene content) based on F(420) biosynthesis nominated many actinobacterial proteins as candidate F(420)-dependent enzymes. (umd.edu)
Expression profiles were acquired using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for 737 protein spots, in which 640 proteins were identified using mass spectrometry. (nih.gov)
3) Proteins whose expression was affected mainly by the growth condition. (nih.gov)
Gene expression in bacteria is regulated at different levels, of which the first one is the regulation of transcription mediated by DNA-binding regulatory proteins. (u-szeged.hu)
These proteins bind to operator sequences in the vicinity of the regulated promoters, and repress or activate gene expression in response to small effector molecules in order to ensure the correct spatial and temporal presence of gene products for the cellular biochemical processes. (u-szeged.hu)
The mechanism of regulation of gene expression by regulatory proteins is implemented by different means in which both DNA-protein and protein-protein interactions in and around the regulated promoter regions, and particular tertiary conformational alterations at the DNA and protein levels may all be involved. (u-szeged.hu)
The nocR-nocP region was sequenced and sequence analysis revealed that the nocR gene encodes a putative DNA-binding regulatory protein, which belongs to the family of LysR-type bacterial activator proteins, while the nocP gene encodes a putative ABC-type transporter protein which is very likely involved in the uptake of nopaline. (u-szeged.hu)
Disruption of E1 and E2 allows for dysregulated downstream genes and the expression of E6 and E7 proteins, which are selectively maintained in virally induced tumors. (medscape.com)

In this branch of genomics, whole or large parts of genomes resulting from genome projects are compared to study basic biological similarities and differences as well as evolutionary relationships between organisms. (wikipedia.org)
Virtually started as soon as the whole genomes of two organisms became available (that is, the genomes of the bacteria Haemophilus influenzae and Mycoplasma genitalium) in 1995, comparative genomics is now a standard component of the analysis of every new genome sequence. (wikipedia.org)
See also: History of genomics Comparative genomics has a root in the comparison of virus genomes in the early 1980s. (wikipedia.org)
After the publication of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans genome in 1998 and together with the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster genome in 2000, Gerald M. Rubin and his team published a paper titled "Comparative Genomics of the Eukaryotes", in which they compared the genomes of the eukaryotes D. melanogaster, C. elegans, and S. cerevisiae, as well as the prokaryote H. influenzae. (wikipedia.org)
The recent completion of the human genome sequence allows genomics research to focus on understanding gene complexity, expression, and regulation. (ox.ac.uk)
Bacterial genomics, regulation, and resistance - Bacteria are a powerful unicellular model system to investigate the fundamental relation between genomic sequence, gene and protein expression, dynamics of molecular pathways, and resultant phenotypes. (utsouthwestern.edu)
The new CPSMV-derived FZ vector provides a convenient and versatile soybean functional genomics tool that is expected to accelerate the characterization of soybean genes controlling crucial productivity traits. (researchsquare.com)
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an alternative functional genomics tool for soybean because it does not involve the generation of inheritable changes. (researchsquare.com)
Related recent advances in 'genome editing' are accelerating developments in genomics and in synthetic biology. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) and P1-based artificial chromosomes (PACs) have proved excellent tools for the human genome sequencing projects. (ox.ac.uk)
100 kilobases, a technique that may prove useful for analyzing gene expression from the human genome. (ox.ac.uk)
The glossary features nearly 250 terms explained in an easy-to-understand way by leading scientists and professionals at the National Human Genome Research Institute. (genome.gov)
In 2003, scientists successfully 'read' the full human genome for the first time and new types of bioscience began to emerge, including synthetic biology. (biomedcentral.com)
BACKGROUND: Ultra-Deep Sequencing (UDS) enabled identification of specific changes in human genome occurring in malignant tumors, with current approaches calling for the detection of specific mutations associated with certain cancers. (cdc.gov)

Given the high number of virulence factors present in these bacteria, and the niche-specific role many of them play during different stages of the infectious process, gene expression must be finely tuned in order to efficiently coordinate their expression, and also continue to preserve energy pools. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, using tiling arrays and RNAs from wild-type and mutant bacteria grown in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo, we have analysed the transcription of its entire genome. (ox.ac.uk)
I am interested in the study of Bacterial Physiology and Metabolism to better understand mechanisms of adaptation of bacteria to their environment and to engineer bacteria for applications in biotechnology. (toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr)
My major area of study is RNA dynamics in bacteria to better understand genome-wide post-transcriptional regulations, their role in the regulation of gene expression and their potential for engineering bacteria. (toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr)
More recently, I have also initiated studies on bacterial diversity and heterogeneity, working on various bacteria strains alone, in consortia or in interaction with non-equivalent monoclonal subpopulations. (toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr)
My research concerns predominantly two model bacteria, Lactococcus lactis and Escherichia coli , using a systems biology approach to elucidate the different levels of metabolic regulation and notably genome wide omic regulations. (toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr)
Twelve tickborne bacterial species were detected, including two novel pathogens, representing a 100% increase in the number of tickborne bacteria identified compared to what was possible by initial PCR testing. (cdc.gov)

Autosomal" means that the gene in question is located on one of the numbered, or non-sex, chromosomes. (genome.gov)
Chromosomes carry genetic information in the form of genes. (corteva.com)
Assemblages of multiple genes are organized into chromosomes. (corteva.com)
After integration of the T-DNA into the plant chromosomes, expression of genes of the integrated DNA results in unbalanced production of plant hormones, which leads to uncontrolled cell division and consequently to tumour formation. (u-szeged.hu)

The genomic features may include the DNA sequence, genes, gene order, regulatory sequences, and other genomic structural landmarks. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, comparative genomic approaches start with making some form of alignment of genome sequences and looking for orthologous sequences (sequences that share a common ancestry) in the aligned genomes and checking to what extent those sequences are conserved. (wikipedia.org)
Next-generation sequencing methods, which were first introduced in 2007, have produced an enormous amount of genomic data and have allowed researchers to generate multiple (prokaryotic) draft genome sequences at once. (wikipedia.org)
MTase methylates specific DNA sequences (recognition sites) in the host genome. (biomedcentral.com)
Genome Sequences of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus spa Type t899 Strains Belonging to Three Different Sequence Types (ST398, ST9, and ST4034). (sciensano.be)
report, we present the draft genome sequences of nine LA- MRSA strains. (sciensano.be)
Biomolecular analyses have revealed that a few SNPs in the promoter sequences and only one SNP in the 5' UTR of mRNA induce the differential expression of , drastically impacting mRNA translation. (cnrs.fr)
It was shown by gel retardation and DNaseI footprinting assays that the NocR protein binds to the intervening region between the coding sequences of the nocR and nocP genes either in the absence or presence of nopaline. (u-szeged.hu)

Based on these, genome and molecular evolution are inferred and this may in turn be put in the context of, for example, phenotypic evolution or population genetics. (wikipedia.org)
Four of the Center's eight faculty research labs ( Kim , Lin , Reynolds , and Toprak ) are collectively working to elucidate and eventually program this molecular circuitry in the context of metabolic regulation and antibiotic resistance. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Gene expression is a mechanism at the molecular level by which a gene is able to express itself in the phenotype of an organism. (qforquestions.in)
To decipher the molecular basis for the variation in expression and protein production among strains, different regulation levels were analyzed in representative clinical isolates and reference strains. (cnrs.fr)
Vertebrates including teleost fish have evolved an array of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) for detecting and responding to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors (NLRs), and the retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs). (syr.edu)
In this dissertation I describe molecular studies performed on the regulation of nopaline catabolism in A. tumefaciens and present a novel type of mechanism by which gene expression is regulated in the Ti plasmid pTiT37. (u-szeged.hu)

Thus, our work demonstrates that APA links genetic variation to variation in gene expression, protein expression, and disease risk, and reveals uncharted modes of genetic regulation. (elifesciences.org)

Key aspects include the organization of the bacterial genome, the transcription and translation machinery, mechanisms of regulation of gene expression, transport of small molecules and macromolecules, cell division and differentiation, bacterial motility and chemotaxis, signal transduction and bacterial communication mechanisms. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Degradation of toluene and 2-methylnaphthalene, and the presence of at least one bss-like and bbs-like gene cluster in this organism, suggests that NaphS2 degrades both compounds via parallel mechanisms. (elsevierpure.com)
Filipowicz, W., Bhattacharyya, S. N. & Sonenberg, N. Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs: are the answers in sight? (nature.com)
Meister, G. & Tuschl, T. Mechanisms of gene silencing by double-stranded RNA. (nature.com)
Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Avoidance of palindromic recognition sites of Type II restriction-modification (R-M) systems was shown for many R-M systems in dozens of prokaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
We have studied all known recognition sites in thousands of prokaryotic genomes and found factors that influence their avoidance. (biomedcentral.com)
The avoidance of orthodox Type II R-M system recognition sites in prokaryotic genomes is a widespread phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
We propose a model in which TFs act on a spectrum from specific local control of gene expression to widespread binding with little or no direct impact on proximal genes, and suggest that many prokaryotic TFs bind DNA prolifically yet still home to and directly regulate a limited number of targets. (aiche.org)

Genes including the previously characterized NmsA, thought to encode an enzyme necessary for 2-methylnaphthalene metabolism, were not upregulated during growth of NaphS2 on naphthalene, nor were the corresponding protein products. (elsevierpure.com)
Your second year builds on this knowledge and covers areas such as gene regulation, cell biology and metabolism. (kent.ac.uk)
With a minimalist model of metabolism, cell growth and transcriptional regulation in a microorganism, we explore how the interaction between environmental conditions and gene regulation set the growth rate of cells in the phase of exponential growth. (lu.se)
A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)

By coupling advances in the basic science of bacterial physiology with new tools in deep learning, cell simulation, and bacterial genetics, we aim to transform the process of cellular engineering. (utsouthwestern.edu)
The mechanism of gene expression involves biochemical genetics. (qforquestions.in)

When Listeria reaches the host intestinal lumen, an extensive transcriptional reshaping occurs with a SigB-mediated activation of virulence genes. (ox.ac.uk)
In contrast, in the blood, PrfA controls transcription of virulence genes. (ox.ac.uk)
Remarkably, several non-coding RNAs absent in the non-pathogenic species Listeria innocua exhibit the same expression patterns as the virulence genes. (ox.ac.uk)

Our study reveals a novel pathway of small guide RNA maturation and the first example of a host factor (RNase III) required for bacterial RNA-mediated immunity against invaders. (nature.com)
Both tracrRNA and pre-crRNA confer immunity against acquisition of a protospacer gene derived from a lysogenic phage. (nature.com)

S. aureus has a vast array of virulence determinants whose expression is modulated by an intricate regulatory network, where transcriptional factors (TFs) are the primary elements. (biomedcentral.com)
In this context, DNA-binding transcription factors (TFs) play an important regulatory role by either repressing or activating genes in response to environmental and physiological conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to structural genes required for tylosin production, the tyl cluster contains three resistance determinants and several regulatory genes. (nih.gov)
In the push for new interventions, we have recently taken the first steps towards a complete reconstruction of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) gene regulatory network. (aiche.org)
However, to benefit from these genetic acquisitions, the bacterium must integrate the expression of these new genes into existing regulatory nodes and deploy them at the right time. (mcmaster.ca)
By identifying genes that have undergone regulatory evolution, a deeper understanding of the arms race between host and pathogen is gained. (mcmaster.ca)
In vivo analysis using reporter genes indicated that the NocR protein is a regulatory protein with dual functions, i.e. (u-szeged.hu)
Optimizing the parameters of the regulatory system allows us to quantify the fitness benefit of regulation. (lu.se)
INTRODUCTION broken, which in realistic situations can severly constrain the Transcriptional regulation of effector genes is a highly successful regulatory options. (lu.se)
In unicellular organisms like E. coli and yeast, the benefits of between potential cost and benefit, regulation can make the most a well-adapted regulatory system are readily quantified, as the difference to the long-term growth rate if the resource in question fitness of an individual can be estimated by its growth rate in is only available a similarly small fraction of the time. (lu.se)
Over evolutionary time scales, regulation must provide a fitness benefit that offsets the costs of maintaining the regulatory system. (lu.se)
Under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) regulations, laboratory testing is categorized on the basis of the level of testing complexity as either waived (i.e., from routine regulatory oversight) or nonwaived testing (which includes tests of moderate and high complexity). (cdc.gov)

In all previous examples, phase-variation of methyltransferases results in genome wide methylation differences, and results in differential regulation of multiple genes, a system known as the phasevarion (phase-variable regulon). (ox.ac.uk)

It has been commonly held view that translation initiation in human mitochondria proceeded in a manner similar to bacterial systems, with the mitoribosomal small subunit bound to the initiation factors, mtIF2 and mtIF3, along with initiator tRNA and an mRNA. (bvsalud.org)
2022. Synergistic regulation of transcription and translation in Escherichia coli revealed by co-directional increases in mRNA concentration and translation efficiency. (toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr)
Etienne T., Cocaign-Bousquet M. , Ropers D. (2020) Competitive effects in bacterial mRNA decay. (toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr)
These observations suggest genetic variants can decrease mRNA expression levels by increasing usage of intronic PAS. (elifesciences.org)
We also identified 24 apaQTLs associated with protein levels, but not mRNA expression. (elifesciences.org)

The first high-resolution whole genome comparison system of microbial genomes of 10-15kbp was developed in 1998 by Art Delcher, Simon Kasif and Steven Salzberg and applied to the comparison of entire highly related microbial organisms with their collaborators at the Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR). (wikipedia.org)
At the same time, Bonnie Berger, Eric Lander, and their team published a paper on whole-genome comparison of human and mouse. (wikipedia.org)
All discrepancies were analyzed with whole- genome sequencing and shown to be related to causative mutations (stop codons, indels, and promoter mutations) in glycosyltransferase genes. (sciensano.be)
determine the whole genome genetic heterogeneity of the three categories of influenza A viruses that circulated in humans between 2007 and 2012 in France, directly from clinical respiratory specimens. (sciensano.be)

The first complete genome sequence of a cellular organism, that of Haemophilus influenzae Rd, was published in 1995. (wikipedia.org)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the baker's yeast, was the first eukaryote to have its complete genome sequence published in 1996. (wikipedia.org)

While previous studies have characterized bacterial growth physiology at steady-state, a quantitative understanding of bacterial physiology in time-varying environments is lacking. (nature.com)
To understand the dynamics of bacterial growth physiology and size control in dynamic nutrient environments, we have developed a coarse-grained proteome sector model which connects gene expression to growth rate and division control, and accurately predicts the cell-level E. coli response to nutrient perturbations in both exponential and stationary phase seen in experimental data 5 , 25 . (nature.com)
I initiated collaborations with mathematicians to rationalise the use of large-scale genomic data-sets to investigate bacterial physiology. (toulouse-biotechnology-institute.fr)

Taken together, this work illustrates the complexity of virulence factor expression in clinical strains and demonstrates a butterfly effect where subtle genomic variations have a major impact on phenotype and virulence. (cnrs.fr)

A comparison of the TF repertoire of S. aureus against 1209 sequenced bacterial genomes was carried out allowing us to identify a core set of orthologous TFs for the Staphylococacceae , and also allowing us to assign potential functions to previously uncharacterized TFs. (biomedcentral.com)
We have evaluated the orthologous distribution of these elements in other sequenced bacterial genomes using the repertoire of TFs identified in USA300, and identified a core set of regulators for both the Firmicutes phylum, and the Staphylococacceae group. (biomedcentral.com)

To further characterize pathways involved in naphthalene degradation in NaphS2, the draft genome was sequenced, and gene and protein expression examined. (elsevierpure.com)
Two critical factors during this dauntingly complex process appear to be the establishment of metabolic connectivity between the symbiotic partners, and the evolution of nuclear control over protein expression levels within the organelle. (frontiersin.org)

Biochemical regulation of gene expression. (entrance-exam.net)
Laboratories that perform biochemical genetic testing are required by CLIA regulations to meet the general quality systems requirements for nonwaived testing and the personnel requirements for high-complexity testing. (cdc.gov)

These labs are joined by our UTSW Distinguished Fellow, Scott Saunders , who develops revolutionary technology for editing bacterial genomes with unprecedented efficiency to accelerate experimentation. (utsouthwestern.edu)
These results indicate 16S V1-V2 metagenomics can greatly simplify diagnosis and accelerate discovery of bacterial tickborne pathogens. (cdc.gov)

BACKGROUND: The Drosophila melanogaster genome contains 29 serpin genes, 12 as single transcripts and 17 within 6 gene clusters. (cnrs.fr)

All HPV subtypes contain early (E) genes and late (L) genes, which are essential to viral integration and replication. (medscape.com)
E genes are responsible for episomal replication. (medscape.com)
E1 protein has helicase activity for replication, and E2 encodes DNA-binding protein for regulation of transcription. (medscape.com)

Viral integration into the host cellular genome is a hallmark of malignant progression. (medscape.com)
Adenovirus DNA : the viral genome and its expression / edited by Walter Doerfler. (who.int)

Horizontal gene transfer plays a major role in microbial evolution by innovating the bacterial genome with new genetic blueprints to adapt to previously unexploited niches. (mcmaster.ca)

Restriction-modification (R-M) systems were discovered and characterized as bacterial systems defending cells from an invasion of foreign DNA, e.g. , phage DNA [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
op or pr) fusion gene was each crossed into lambda phage. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
Staphylococcus aureus gamma-hemolysin CB (HlgCB) is a core-genome-encoded pore-forming toxin that targets the C5a receptor, similar to the phage-encoded Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL). (cnrs.fr)

Moreover, the integrated bacterial genes direct the synthesis of specific molecules, collectively called opines, in the tumour cells. (u-szeged.hu)

Finally, FZ-mediated expression of the Arabidopsis transcription factor MYB75 caused N. benthamiana to bear brown leaves and purple, twisted flowers, indicating that MYB75 retained the function of activating anthocyanin synthesis pathways in a different plant. (researchsquare.com)
Transcriptional regulation of the genes in metabolic pathways is a highly successful strategy, which is virtually universal in microorganisms. (lu.se)
Citation: Troein C, Ahre´n D, Krogh M, Peterson C (2007) Is Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Pathways an Optimal Strategy for Fitness? (lu.se)
A number of studies have explored how regulation of generally, and at least to a first approximation, it is obvious that metabolic pathways affects the growth rate of microorganisms, gene regulation only is useful if the environmental conditions vary both in the steady state and in response to changes in the local with time. (lu.se)
In the HEV gt1 infection, genes related to metabolic pathways were differentially expressed during the three phases of infection. (cdc.gov)

Natural competence is a mode of horizontal gene transfer, which is based on the ability of a bacterium to take up free DNA from the environment and recombine it with the bacterial genome resulting in natural transformation. (biomedcentral.com)

The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism. (corteva.com)
An important resource for any model organism is a near-complete reference genome from which a multitude of scientific questions can be answered. (cshlpress.com)

Regulation of biosynthesis. (unizg.hr)

Operons regulation by repressor. (unizg.hr)

R-M systems are widely spread among prokaryotes: they have been found or predicted with computational methods in the vast majority of bacterial and archaeal genomes [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Pathogenic mutations in mitochondrial (mt) tRNA genes that compromise oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) exhibit heteroplasmy and cause a range of multisyndromic conditions. (bvsalud.org)

RESULTS: Draft genome sequencing, gene expression analysis, and proteomic analysis revealed that NaphS2 degrades naphthoyl-CoA in a manner analogous to benzoyl-CoA degradation. (elsevierpure.com)

One of two (or more) alternative forms of a gene found at the same location on a chromosome. (corteva.com)

However, existing virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and/or overexpression vectors suitable for soybean have various drawbacks that hinder their widespread adoption. (researchsquare.com)

There is much to gain from uncovering the genetic diversity in noncoding DNA that is selective during host infection because of the beneficial effect it has on bacterial gene expression. (mcmaster.ca)
Analysis of expression of these representative NLR genes after bacterial infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri revealed a significant up-regulation of all tested genes in the spleen and liver, but a significant down-regulation in the intestine and head kidney, suggesting their involvement in the immune responses of catfish against the intracellular bacterial pathogen in a tissue-specific manner. (syr.edu)
The up-regulation and down-regulation of the tested genes exhibited an amazing similarity of expression profiles after infection, suggesting the co-regulation of these genes. (syr.edu)

We discovered that riboswitches can act as terminators for upstream genes. (ox.ac.uk)
We identified previously unrecognized putative CRP-S sites upstream of both genes. (biomedcentral.com)

The bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infects 30% of all humans and kills someone every 20 - 30 seconds. (aiche.org)

RNA is essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. (corteva.com)

Even though diverse strains of S. aureus have been extensively studied, and subjected to genome sequencing, the function of a large proportion of their genes remains unidentified. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, we examine the conservation of 135 USA300 TFs amongst 11 other S. aureus strains, identifying a key group of regulators that display a high degree of conservation, including many that have previously been demonstrated to play a role in virulence gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
In this work, we analyzed the protein composition of four strains (wild type, FnrP-, NNR- and NarR-mutant strains) grown aerobically, semiaerobically and semiaerobically in the presence of nitrate to discover the global role of FNR-family transcription regulators using proteomics, with data validation at the transcript and genome levels. (nih.gov)

In the early 2010s, scientists realized that CRISPR/Cas9, a bacterial immune defense system against viruses that involves the CRISPR-associated protein #9 (Cas9) endonuclease enzyme, single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs), and PAM recognition, could be used to intentionally manipulate genes, essentially changing gene expression and regulation in such a way that would allow for a customized genome. (authorea.com)
Malone, C. D. & Hannon, G. J. Small RNAs as guardians of the genome. (nature.com)

It has also showed the extreme diversity of the gene composition in different evolutionary lineages. (wikipedia.org)

However, this analysis requires accurate reference genomes to identify the specific genes from which RNA reads originate. (osti.gov)
To investigate the response of LuxS01 and wild type strain to exogenously added AI-2, cells from Venetoclax in vitro experiments A and B were harvested in late exponential phase for RNA extraction and microarray gene expression analysis. (hsdpathway.com)

23.Organization of eukaryotic genome. (unizg.hr)

However, full expression of those genes requires a QS-dependent secondary activator (HapR and QstR, respectively). (biomedcentral.com)

fusion gene was constructed, with the clpQ + Y + promoter fused to a lacZ reporter gene. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)

Discussion Differentially expressed genes inC. jejuniNCTC 11168 and itsluxSmutant InVibriospp, AI-2 functions as an extracellular signalling molecule. (hsdpathway.com)

In 1986, the first comparative genomic study at a larger scale was published, comparing the genomes of varicella-zoster virus and Epstein-Barr virus that contained more than 100 genes each. (wikipedia.org)

Previously, we showed differences in immune response-related gene expression profiles of HEV gt1 and gt3 infections using qPCR. (cdc.gov)
Strategies of immune regulation / edited by Eli Sercarz, Alastair J. Cunningham. (who.int)

Eukaryotic regulation transcriptional activation and repression. (unizg.hr)

RESULTS: We collated 188 orthologues to the D. melanogaster serpins from the other 11 Drosophilid genomes and used synteny to find further family members, raising the total to 226, or 71% of the number of orthologues expected assuming complete conservation across all 12 Drosophilid species. (cnrs.fr)
Three gene clusters appear to have originated in the melanogaster subgroup, Spn28D, Spn77B and Spn88E, each containing one inhibitory serpin orthologue that is present in all Drosophilids. (cnrs.fr)

Anatomy4

Organisms1

Chemicals and Drugs14

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science7

Health Care1

Proteins20

Genomics9

Human genome5

Bacteria7

Chromosomes4

Sequences8

Molecular6

Genetic Variation1

Mechanisms5

Prokaryotic4

Metabolism4

Genetics2

Virulence genes3

Immunity2

Regulatory12

Methylation1

MRNA5

Whole-genome4

Complete genome2

Physiology3

Phenotype1

Orthologous2

Protein expression2

Biochemical2

Accelerate2

Drosophila1

Replication3

Viral2

Evolution1

Phage3

Synthesis of specific1

Pathways5

Horizontal1

Organism2

Biosynthesis1

Operons1

Prokaryotes1

Oxidative phosphorylation1

Draft1

Chromosome1

Vectors1

Infection3

Upstream2

Pathogen1

Roles1

Strains3

RNAs2

Lineages1

Analysis2

Organization1

Activator1

Promoter1

Differentially1

19861

Immune2

Repression1

Melanogaster2