• These included genes associated with antioxidant activity, low molecular weight heat shock proteins and Late Embryonic Abundant (LEA) proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Real-time PCR confirmed that LEA transcripts, small heat-shock proteins and some antioxidant genes were upregulated in resting eggs, therefore suggesting that desiccation tolerance is a characteristic feature of resting eggs even though they do not necessarily fully desiccate during dormancy. (nih.gov)
  • The valuable source of large-scale genomic information initiated attempts to identify the origin(s) of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), count and categorize those genes, and follow their evolutionary history. (springer.com)
  • Genes contributing to the similarity include ribosomal protein (RP) genes as well as genes involved in transcription, translation and cell division. (karger.com)
  • Bortoluzzi S, Alessi FD, Romualdi C, Danieli GA: Differential expression of genes coding for ribosomal proteins in different human tissues. (karger.com)
  • One-third of the 471 genes predicted to encode transcription factors are differentially expressed during sexual development of S. commune . (nature.com)
  • using a redundancy criterion to identify reproducible sequence differences between related genes within gene families. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analysis of these sequences revealed single base substitutions and single base indels are the most frequently observed form of sequence variation between genes within families in the dataset. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Functional annotation of gene sequences indicate functional classifications are not randomly distributed among gene families containing few or many genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The more recent duplication event in particular would be expected to result in many paralogous pairs of genes differing by relatively few sequence differences, thus complicating gene identification using ESTs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2014, this protocol is sufficiently robust for use with low-efficiency guide RNAs and to generate complex edits, including ORF replacement and simultaneous tagging of two genes with fluorescent proteins. (genestogenomes.org)
  • Genetic and molecular analyses have led to the identification, cloning and characterization of a few genes that contribute to parasitic fitness in the pathogens. (sisef.it)
  • Quantitative PCR and high-throughput methods, such as expressed sequence tag analysis, have been used for measuring gene expression and identifying subsets of elm genes that are differentially expressed in the presence of O. novo-ulmi . (sisef.it)
  • These analyses have also helped identify genes that were differentially expressed in DED fungi grown under defined experimental conditions. (sisef.it)
  • Furthermore, sequence homology between mammalian and fungal genes in the GPI pathway show modest conservation raising the chances of finding fungal-selective molecules with good therapeutic index 8 . (nature.com)
  • 1. Identification and characterization of Arabidopsis rat mutants and molecular cloning of RAT genes (Gelvin, Citovsky, Hohn, and Ziemienowicz laboratories, with help from undergraduate students at Tuskegee University). (purdue.edu)
  • Promoter methylation of p16 INK4A , c-myc and hMSH2 genes was assayed by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and sequencing (mapping). (wjgnet.com)
  • Soybean gene functions cannot be easily interrogated through transgenic disruption (knock-out) of genes-of-interest, or transgenic overexpression of proteins-of-interest, because soybean transformation is time-consuming and technically challenging. (researchsquare.com)
  • Crucially, only some of the total possibility of genes are expressed in any given tissue. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Sequences of DNA in the genes that are located between the EXONS. (lookformedical.com)
  • The full-length cDNA sequence of a novel expressed sequence tag (GenBank accession No. HQ184338) that was differentially expressed during Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in chickens was cloned from the chicken spleen by a rapid amplification of cDNA ends assay. (geneticsmr.com)
  • The proteomics profile revealed that 29 proteins were differentially expressed out of which 26 were significantly up-regulated and 3 were download-regulated. (bvsalud.org)
  • Further characterization showed that susa2-2 only suppresses the autoimmunity mediated by either CHS1-SOC3 or TN2-SOC3 paired NLR proteins, indicating that SUSA2 is specifically involved in NLR protein SOC3-mediated immunity. (ubc.ca)
  • We used the in vitro / in vivo dual expression system plasmid, pIVEX, to express Danio rerio pol β ( Danio pol β) for biochemical characterization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The importance of S. commune as a model system is also exemplified by the fact that its recombinant DNA constructs will express in other mushroom-forming fungi 5 . (nature.com)
  • The recombinant plasmid was sequenced and expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). (bvsalud.org)
  • Antibodies against the recombinant nucleocapsid protein of the virus, which we named dromedary camel coronavirus (DcCoV) UAE-HKU23, were detected in 52% of 59 dromedary serum samples tested. (cdc.gov)
  • Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the giant panda with those of these other species revealed that the RPS14 of giant panda is highly homologous with those of B. taurus, R. norvegicus and D. rerio (85.99, 99.34 and 99.34%, respectively), and is 100% identical with the others. (geneticsmr.com)
  • The open reading frame (ORF) contained 261 bp and encoded a deduced protein of 86 amino acid residues. (geneticsmr.com)
  • SLC6A19 is a sodium-dependent and chloride-independent neutral amino acid transporter, expressed predominately in the kidneys and intestine. (medscape.com)
  • Cloning and expression of the mouse SLC6A19 gene demonstrated that this transporter has all the properties of the amino acid transport system B 0 AT1. (medscape.com)
  • The cDNA of Danio rerio pol β encodes a protein of 337 amino acids, which is 2-3 amino acids longer than other pol β proteins, and contains a P63D amino acid substitution, unlike mammalian pol βs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
  • A database search showed that HAZ1 was most similar in its entire amino acid sequence to Zmhox1a (52% identity) and Zmhox1b (50%), PHD-finger family homeodomain proteins of maize. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Plant intracellular nucleotide binding and leucine-rich repeat proteins (NB-LRR, NLRs) function as immune receptors to detect microbial pathogens directly or indirectly. (ubc.ca)
  • therefore, bacterial overexpression was used to produce the protein for kinetic analyses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In view of the absence of vitellogenin transcripts, matches to lipoprotein lipase proteins suggest that, similar to the situation in dipterans, these proteins may serve as the yolk proteins in rotifers. (nih.gov)
  • One important model for mechanistic studies of endocytosis in C. elegans focuses on oocytes, which internalize huge quantities of yolk proteins and their associated lipids by clathrin-mediated endocytosis ( Grant and Hirsh, 1999 ). (wormbook.org)
  • This plasmid is designed to express tagged proteins in E. coli. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Danio pol β encoded by the in vitro / in vivo -compatible pIVEX plasmid was expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3), BL21(DE3)pLysS, and KRX, and in vitro as a C-terminal His-tagged protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SUSA2 encodes an F-box protein Actin-Related Protein 8 (ARP8) and SUSA3 encodes the chaperone protein HSP90.3. (ubc.ca)
  • This phenotype co-segregates with either of two frameshift mutations, 1988delAGAG and 2469delGTCA, in ESPN , which encodes a calcium-insensitive actin-bundling protein called espin. (bmj.com)
  • From a cDNA library of 3-day after-pollination (DAP) rice embryos we cloned a HAZ1 cDNA that encodes a protein with a PHD-finger domain and a homeodomain. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In 2013, the genome sequences of O. ulmi and O. novo-ulmi were publicly released. (sisef.it)
  • These processes have left footprints in the genomic sequence that can be detected by bioinformatic methods and may help to interpret receptor function in the light of a given species in its environment. (springer.com)
  • The aim of this study was to generate Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) for molecular characterisation of processes associated with the formation of resting eggs, their survival during dormancy and hatching. (nih.gov)
  • The 47,926 ESTs expand significantly the current sequence resource of B. plicatilis. (nih.gov)
  • For reference most cloning programs will import a .gb (Genbank) file and will show all of the plasmids features automatically when downloaded and imported. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • 4 We screened the coding sequence of ESPN (GenBank accession number AL136880) by sequencing PCR amplified ESPN exons from genomic DNA of affected individuals in the two families. (bmj.com)
  • OXB20(high)) that can be provided with the peptide tags in this plasmid on request. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • This plasmid contains an Outer Membrane Protein T (OmpT) secretory signal peptide (SP) to allow proteins to be exported from the cytosol. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Meanwhile, FZ supported systemic expression of fluorescent proteins mNeonGreen and mCherry in N. benthamiana and soybean. (researchsquare.com)
  • Furthermore, the encoded protein contained two transmembrane regions without signal peptides, indicating that this protein is located in the mitochondrial membrane. (geneticsmr.com)
  • These motifs contain 2 hydrophobic alpha-helical segments connected by an extensive hydrophilic sequence, resulting in 6 transmembrane portions of the protein. (medscape.com)
  • Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function. (lookformedical.com)
  • It is the strongest of the bacterial promoters that we provide and this high level of expression can cause expression problems with some proteins with poor solubility. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • It is the strongest bacterial promoter we sell and this can cause solubility and expression problems with some proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • First, a full-length functional ZIKV cDNA clone was engineered as a bacterial artificial chromosome, with each reporter gene under the cap-independent translational control of a cardiovirus-derived internal ribosome entry site inserted downstream of the single open reading frame of the viral genome. (mdpi.com)
  • DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom. (lookformedical.com)
  • As with other mitochondrial carrier family proteins, the ornithine carrier is composed of 300 amino acids that constitute 3 repeated motifs of approximately 100 amino acids each. (medscape.com)
  • The transporter was identified by probing a mammalian-expressed sequence tag database with 2 fungal mitochondrial ornithine carrier protein sequences. (medscape.com)
  • Entrez is NCBI's primary text search and retrieval system that integrates the PubMed database of biomedical literature with 38 other literature and molecular databases including DNA and protein sequence, structure, gene, genome, genetic variation and gene expression. (nih.gov)
  • Many EST libraries were constructed from RNA extracted from various genetic backgrounds, thus gene identification from these sources is complicated by the existence of both gene and allele sequence differences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In chapter 2, by using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, genetic analysis and biochemical assays, I identified the differential pairings of typical NLR receptor SOC3 with atypical NLR proteins CHS1 or TN2 to guard the homeostasis of the E3 ligase SAUL1. (ubc.ca)
  • After nearly 100 years of documented Dutch elm disease (DED) presence, it seems only fitting to revisit this pathosystem from a genetic standpoint encompassing both traditional Mendelian genetics and the most recent developments in omic-based approaches. (sisef.it)
  • Our approach provides an alternative to genetic transformation of plant species with dsRNA-expressing constructs capable to interfere with plant viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Next-generation sequencing technologies have dramatically changed the approach to genetic diagnosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This revolutionary and rapidly evolving technology has moved a significant portion of the technical aspects of genetic diagnosis to next-generation sequencing and has become the mainstay of genetic diagnosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It is well known that proteins from both classes of the plant's immune system-PRRs and NLRs-rely on interactions between multiple host proteins to neutralize an invading pathogen. (frontiersin.org)
  • Most NLRs guard host proteins that are the direct targets of pathogen effectors. (ubc.ca)
  • The identification of potential gene sequences (pHaps) from soybean allows us to begin to get a picture of the genomic history of the organism as well as begin to observe the evolutionary fates of gene copies in this highly duplicated genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We identified approximately 45,000 potential gene sequences (pHaps) from EST sequences of Williams/Williams82, an inbred genotype of soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Beginning in the 1980s, many studies of human populations used the Y-chromosome gene sequences to trace paternal lineages. (asu.edu)
  • Danio rerio (zebrafish) has long been used as a model organism in the fields of molecular genetics and developmental biology of vertebrates [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A total of 47,926 sequences were assembled into 18,000 putative transcripts and analyzed using both Blast and GO annotation. (nih.gov)
  • After mRNA processing, most transcripts are exported to the cytoplasm for translation into protein. (berkeley.edu)
  • The Alu sequence family (named for the restriction endonuclease cleavage enzyme Alu I) is the most highly repeated interspersed repeat element in humans (over a million copies). (lookformedical.com)
  • Highly repeated sequences, 6K-8K base pairs in length, which contain RNA polymerase II promoters. (lookformedical.com)
  • Highly repeated sequences, 100-300 bases long, which contain RNA polymerase III promoters. (lookformedical.com)
  • Here, we show that APP can coimmunoprecipitate NEEP21 from nontransgenic mouse brain and from mammalian cells stably coexpressing both proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • Such EST data form a valuable foundation for the understanding of the gene composition and genomic biology of yet-to-be fully sequenced genomes [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endocytosis is the vesicle-mediated process used by all cells to internalize extracellular macromolecules, plasma membrane lipids, and plasma membrane proteins ( Figure 1 ). (wormbook.org)
  • Topology prediction shows that there are two N-glycosylation sites, three protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, two casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, four N-myristoylation sites, two amidation sites, and one ribosomal protein S11 signature in the RPS14 protein of the giant panda. (geneticsmr.com)
  • A cDNA clone was isolated from a human renal library and designated human organic anion transporter 1 (hOAT1). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) is required for anchoring proteins to the plasma membrane, and is essential for the integrity of the fungal cell wall. (nature.com)
  • GPI biosynthesis is a conserved process, required for anchoring proteins to the plasma membrane of fungi and thus essential for the integrity of the fungal cell wall in yeasts and molds 4 . (nature.com)
  • This present study tested the extent to which 2% w/v trehalose enhanced the proteins expression profile of Hanseniaspora uvarum Y3. (bvsalud.org)
  • Probable G-protein coupled receptor 26 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR26 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Kim JY, Haastert PV, Devreotes PN (1996) Social senses: G-protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways in Dictyostelium discoideum . (springer.com)
  • Nordstrom KJ, Sallman Almen M, Edstam M et al (2011) Independent HHsearch, Needleman-Wunsch-based, and motif analyses reveal the overall hierarchy for most of the G protein-coupled receptor families. (springer.com)
  • Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing hOAT1 supported probenecid-sensitive uptake of [ 3 H] p -aminohippurate ( K m = 4 μM), which was trans -stimulated in oocytes preloaded with glutarate. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Schioth HB, Fredriksson R (2005) The GRAFS classification system of G-protein coupled receptors in comparative perspective. (springer.com)
  • Sequence comparison does not support an evolutionary link between halobacterial retinal proteins including bacteriorhodopsin and eukaryotic G-protein-coupled receptors. (springer.com)
  • Many receptors and their associated ligands cluster into clathrin-coated pits by association with clathrin adaptor proteins such as the four-subunit complex AP2. (wormbook.org)
  • Trafficking of yolk and yolk receptors also depends critically upon the activities of the endocytic Rab proteins RAB-5 , RAB-7 , and RAB-11 , known modulators of endocytosis in all eukaryotes ( Grant and Hirsh, 1999 ). (wormbook.org)
  • The carbohydrate and energy metabolism proteins were also significantly up-regulated. (bvsalud.org)
  • Microorganisms capable of catabolizing lignin-derived ar- carbohydrate and protein components of the organic matter omatics are essentially fungi and bacteria (Bugg et al. (lu.se)
  • The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. (lookformedical.com)
  • Overview of Genetics A gene, the basic unit of heredity, is a segment of DNA containing all the information necessary to synthesize a polypeptide (protein) or a functional RNA molecule. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the development of new microscopic and molecular techniques, including DNA sequencing, enabled scientists to confirm the hypothesis that chromosomes determine the sex of developing organisms. (asu.edu)
  • For instance women with two chromosomes have one of these silenced by the same methylation tag such that they have one active X chromosome as have men. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a type of microarray now routinely used to identify deleted or duplicated regions of DNA sequence in specific chromosomes on a genome-wide basis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The BioProject database is a searcheable collection of complete and incomplete (in-progress) large-scale molecular projects including genome sequencing and assembly, transcriptome, metagenomic, annotation, expression and mapping projects. (nih.gov)
  • The fbpB-esxA fusing gene ligated by (Gly(4)Ser)(3) linker was gained by means of Gene Splicing by Overlapping Extension PCR (SOE-PCR), and fusing gene was cloned into expression vector pET-30a. (bvsalud.org)
  • In situ hybridization showed that HAZ1 was expressed at a higher level in the outer layers of a developing embryo than in the inner parts of the embryo at 3 DAP. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Until recently, however, functional analysis of the DED fungi was hampered by the lack of protocols for efficient gene knockout and by the unavailability of a full genome sequence. (sisef.it)
  • The Web site "www.artichokegenome.unito.it" hosts all the available genomic sequences, together with their structural/functional annotations and project information are presented to users via the open-source tool JBrowse, allowing the analysis of collinearity and the discovery of genomic variants, thus representing a one-stop resource for Cynara cardunculus genomics. (researchgate.net)
  • In an attempt to understand the function of APP, in vitro studies have focused on the identification of interacting proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • We have previously shown and patented that mechanical inoculation of in vitro -transcribed dsRNA derived from viral sequences specifically prevents virus infection in plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have previously shown that dsRNA derived from viral sequences can interfere with virus infection in a sequence-specific manner by directly delivering in vitro -transcribed dsRNA into leaf cells by mechanical inoculation [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By artificially expressing Sindbis virus (SINV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) nsP2 in mosquito cells and transgenic mosquitoes, we demonstrated a reduction in both SINV and CHIKV viral replication rates in cells following viral infection as well as reduced infection prevalence, viral titers, and transmission potential in mosquitoes. (bvsalud.org)
  • The full-length complementary DNA (cDNA) of heat shock protein 90 was cloned from Phascolosoma esculenta (PeHSP90) using expressed sequence tag and rapid amplification of cDNA end approaches. (geneticsmr.com)
  • The tagged DNA binds to its complementary DNA segment and can be detected by measuring the amount and type of fluorescence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A common ancestor cloning strategy was used to engineer the active transposase enzyme from an inactive form found in teleosts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Transgenic frogs that express the enzyme in the germline can be bred with animals harboring a transposon substrate to generate double transgenic lines where remobilization will occur in the germline in subsequent generations. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA polymersase is an enzyme used for all kinds of DNA techniques and sequencing. (timetoast.com)
  • Urea-cycle enzyme activity is regulated by dietary protein. (medscape.com)
  • YP170-GFP, like endogenous yolk, is a cholesterol binding/transport protein related to human ApoB-100, the major protein component of serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL). (wormbook.org)
  • Immunoblot analysis of human kidney cortex demonstrated that hOAT1 is an 80- to 90-kilodalton heterogeneous protein modified by abundant N -glycosylation. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Reasonable intraspecies sequence variability in GPCR is either physiologically tolerated or promotes individual phenotypes and adaptation, but also susceptibilities for diseases. (springer.com)
  • With the sequencing of the human genome the general public has become very aware that the answer to many diseases lies in our DNA. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In conclusion, a novel protein-coding gene named grni was successfully cloned and identified in chickens. (geneticsmr.com)
  • The human SLC6A19 gene was cloned independently by 2 groups of researchers in 2004. (medscape.com)
  • To investigate the APP in vivo interactome in an unbiased manner, we generated mice that harbor a mouse prion protein promoter-driven cDNA encoding human APP-695 fused to a C-terminal affinity tag. (jneurosci.org)
  • To assess the native APP interactome in brain, we generated mice expressing human APP-695 fused to a C-terminal affinity tag (APP-AT). (jneurosci.org)
  • To explore the effect of DNA methyltransferase, demethylase and methyl-CpG binding protein MeCP2 on the expressions and methylation of hMSH2 and proto-oncogene in human gastric cancer. (wjgnet.com)
  • Amazingly, the first human cancer gene was cloned only thirty years ago. (jcancer.org)