Genetic gene expression regulation plant. Medical search. Frequent questions

For identification and characterization of genes involved in the expressional control of antioxidant enzymes several Arabidopsis mutants with low activation of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin-A (2CPA) promoter were isolated from a chemically mutagenized reporter gene line, which expresses luciferase under control of the redox-regulated 2CPA promoter. (fu-berlin.de)
We have made the surprising observation that an Arabidopsis line (pdko3) mutated in genes encoding plasmodesmal proteins is defective in some, but not all, of the typical plant responses to herbivory. (jic.ac.uk)
Potato hexokinase 2 complements transgenic Arabidopsis plants deficient in hexokinase 1 but does not play a key role in tuber carbohydrate metabolism. (mpg.de)
We demonstrated that these chimeric/hybrid promoters can drive the expression of reporter genes in different plant species including tobacco, Arabidopsis, petunia, tomato and spinach. (uky.edu)
In plants, functional information is limited to one of the 17 members of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) TET gene family and to expression data in reproductive stages. (unical.it)
Nagaya S, Kawamura K, Shinmyo A, Kato K. The HSP terminator of Arabidopsis thaliana increases gene expression in plant cells. (org.ua)
Arabidopsis plants detect a variety of PAMPs including conserved domains of bacterial flagellin and of bacterial EF-Tu. (uea.ac.uk)
Microarray technologies will be employed to examine global gene expression in wild type and mutated Arabidopsis and barley plants. (usda.gov)
The functions of the candidate genes will be further validated using genetic approaches in Arabidopsis and barley. (usda.gov)
Maurel, C. 'Natural variation of root hydraulics in Arabidopsis grown in normal and salt-stressed conditions' (2011) Plant Physiology. (uba.ar)

Genes are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for making proteins, which are the building blocks of life. (proprofs.com)
Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information in the form of genes. (proprofs.com)
The mutations in genes for plasmodesmal proteins have provided valuable genetic tools for the dissection of the complex spectrum of responses to herbivory and shown us that the responses to herbivory can be separated into a calcium-activated oxidative response and a K(+) -dependent Vm-activated jasmonate response associated with the release of VOCs. (jic.ac.uk)
TETRASPANIN (TET) genes encode conserved integral membrane proteins that are known in animals to function in cellular communication during gamete fusion, immunity reaction, and pathogen recognition. (unical.it)
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. (lookformedical.com)
DNA methyltransferases are not limited to catalyzing DNA methylation, but also take part in the regulation of gene expression through interactions with other proteins that repress transcription and modify chromatin structure. (caister.com)
The expression level was determined by spectrofluorometric (level of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence) and protein analysis: determination of water-soluble proteins concentration and its electrophoresis separation in polyacrylamide gel (PAGE). (org.ua)
Sitosterolemia has been shown to result from mutations in either of the genes for 2 proteins ( ABCG5 or ABCG8 ). (medscape.com)
The course comprises molecular biology of genes, proteins, multicomponent protein complexes, and other biomolecules that provide structure and perform the organism's functions. (lu.se)

Because of the interdisciplinary nature of biotechnology, postgraduate students with diverse academic backgrounds, such as plant sciences, biochemistry, microbiology and genetics, are accepted at BSc Honours level. (sun.ac.za)
A BSc degree with Genetics 314, 315, 344 and 345 are recommended for admission to the honours degree programme in Plant Biotechnology or equivalent modules in the Biological Science field at SU or other universities. (sun.ac.za)
The following modules form part of the BSc Honours degree in Biotechnology: Molecular Techniques, Plant Physiology, Integrated Plant Metabolism (elective), Biostatistics (elective), Scientific and Proposal Writing, Plant Genetics and Crop Improvement and Plant Genomics. (sun.ac.za)
Here, we identified the red glume 1 (Rg-B1) gene using association genetics and haplotype analyses in ten reference grade wheat genomes. (tamu.edu)
Part II on Principles of Genetics provides detailed discussions on transmission, distribution and arrangement of genetic material, and evolution of species. (kopykitab.com)
Part III which is on Molecular Genetics discusses functions of genetic material including biotechnology and genetic engineering, and the last Part IV on Quantitative Genetics deliberates on the course of genetic material in populations. (kopykitab.com)
The Plant Biotechnolog y specialization uses the tools of molecular biology, genetics, and tissue culture to learn how plant cells work and to develop plants with improved traits. (hawaii.edu)
Plant and Microbial Biology 160: Plant Molecular Genetics - A consideration of plant genetics and molecular biology. (infocobuild.com)
Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Book of abstracts, 9th International Barley Genetics Symposium. (usda.gov)

The concentration of hormones required for plant responses are very low (10−6 to 10−5 mol/L). Because of these low concentrations, it has been very difficult to study plant hormones, and only since the late 1970s have scientists been able to start piecing together their effects and relationships to plant physiology. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, data mining of the alterations in the plant transcriptome will lead to further insights into how abiotic stress affects plant physiology. (nih.gov)
The laboratory will emphasize plant identification, various aspects of plant ecology and physiology, plant morphology, and plant use by humans. (middlebury.edu)
Physiology of plants, animals, and humans is covered in part B. (extramarks.com)
Unit II covers the topics of plant physiology, animal physiology, and human physiology. (extramarks.com)
Plant and cell physiology. (org.ua)
This study was published in Plant Physiology , titled "Expression inheritance and constraints on cis-and trans-regulatory mutations underlying lotus color variation. (phys.org)
Zhiyan Gao et al, Expression inheritance and constraints on cis- and trans-regulatory mutations underlying lotus color variation, Plant Physiology (2022). (phys.org)
Thus, specific objectives related to the effect of elevated CK content in creeping bentgrass during drought stress on 1) whole-plant physiology 2) proteomic 3) metabolic and 4) genetic responses were evaluated. (rutgers.edu)

The maps indicate that chromatin loops are formed between regulatory elements, and that gene pairs between promoter proximal regions tend to be co-expressed. (nature.com)
In this study, we explore the regulatory role of mutations occurring in distal regulatory elements related to gene expression and phenotypic variations with adapted long-read ChIA-PET, and construct high-resolution chromatin interaction maps of maize promoter proximal regions and distal regulatory elements associated with RNA polymerase II occupancy and histone mark H3K4me3. (nature.com)
The choice facing researchers is which promoter system to commit to as this determines the range and characteristics of the expression resources available. (ox.ac.uk)
We then surveyed the distribution of stress-related cis -regulatory elements in the −1.5 kb promoter regions of ZmCAMTA genes. (frontiersin.org)
Notably, a large number of stress-related elements present in the promoter regions of some ZmCAMTA genes, indicating a genetic basis of stress expression regulation of these genes. (frontiersin.org)
CAMTAs participate in gene expression regulation by binding to the cis -elements in the promoter regions of numerous target genes. (frontiersin.org)
During evolution, CpG rich regions, so-called CpG islands, have been established as prominent features of promoter regions of genes. (caister.com)
All transcriptional units additionally contained a 5'-untranslated region out of the 2B gene from the family of genes encoding the small subunit of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) (5'UTR RbcS2B), the coding sequence of the gfp gene and double 35S Cauliflower Mosaic Virus promoter (D35S CaMV). (org.ua)
Changes in gene expression patterns can be caused by mutations in either cis-regulatory regions (promoter) of the gene itself or trans-acting regulatory genes (transcription factors). (phys.org)
We developed transgenic tomatoes expressing yeast S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (ySAMdc) gene driven by a fruit-specific E8 promoter to investigate the role of polyamines in fruit metabolism. (ox.ac.uk)

Positional cloning of the RID2 gene revealed that it encodes an evolutionarily conserved methyltransferase-like protein, which was found to localize in the nucleus, with accumulation being most evident in the nucleolus. (nih.gov)
Topics covered will include cell membrane structure and function, metabolism, cell motility and division, genome structure and replication, the regulation of gene expression and protein production, genotype to phenotype relationship, and basic principles of inheritance. (middlebury.edu)
gag gene encodes a capsid like protein. (sisef.it)
Photochrome-mediated regulation of messenger RNAs for the small subunit of ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase and the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein in Lemna gibba. (wikidata.org)
Many genetic variations outside protein-coding regions are associated with maize phenotypes. (nature.com)
NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION SIGNALGREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN/b-GLUCURONIDASE reporter lines throughout the life cycle, which predicted functional divergence in the paralogous genes per clade. (unical.it)
Students can learn molecular diagnostic methods such as PCR, DNA finger-printing, gene mapping, and protein analysis. (hawaii.edu)
For the first time was shown the difference of GFP reporter protein accumulation in N. rustica tissues by terminator regulation of transient gfp gene expression. (org.ua)
The results showed significant modifications of the gene, protein, and metabolite profiles were caused by elevated CK, particularly changes related to energy production, metabolism, and stress defense. (rutgers.edu)
There was a good correspondence between some gene transcripts and their protein products, but not in the case of the tonoplast intrinsic protein, which showed post-transcriptional regulation. (ox.ac.uk)
A second group of methods, which includes DNA microarrays and proteomics, have advantages that overcome the limitations implicit in signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo expression technology, namely, the ability to directly measure expression (gene or protein) levels on a true genome-wide scale, but their application to analysis of bacterial pathogens during real infections is still in its infancy. (cdc.gov)
Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)
As binding of miRNAs to a target mRNA may result in an airway inflammatory disease closely correlates with either mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein immune regulation, more and more evidences suggest translation.1 More than 2000 miRNAs have been discovered in humans. (cdc.gov)

In this introduction to modern cellular, genetic, and molecular biology we will explore life science concepts with an emphasis on their integral nature and evolutionary relationships. (middlebury.edu)
Because the course includes a major practical part, you will gain experience of molecular biology techniques for the analysis of gene structure and function. (lu.se)

They serve as bridges between transcriptional regulation and phenotypic variation in mammals. (nature.com)
Accordingly, three-dimensional genome architecture models at various resolutions, based on chromatin interactomes, have provided a conceptual framework for transcriptional regulation in animals ranging from flies to humans 12 . (nature.com)
However, due to the limited resolution of Hi-C maps, comprehensive high-resolution chromatin maps involving regulatory elements, which allow for elucidation of their impact on transcriptional regulation are still lacking in plants. (nature.com)
The gene expression profiling data, selection of candidate genes and transcriptional regulation of the seed germination and seedling growth will be presented and discussed. (usda.gov)

In biology class, we got to cover much about the human body and even went on to see what some of the structures within our body and genes look like. (proprofs.com)
Plant Biology , 6 (6), 654-663. (ncsu.edu)
New Facets in Mycobacterium and Malaria parasite biology, Regulation of gene expression. (infinitecourses.com)
However, the availability of mineral elements in the soil is highly variable: it depends on multiple interactions between the physico-chemical parameters of the soil, the numerous microorganisms that live in it and the biology of the plants themselves. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
These transgenic plants are a new resource to understand the role of Spd/Spm in fruit biology. (ox.ac.uk)

these manmade compounds are called plant growth regulators (PGRs). (wikipedia.org)

Sixty-eight candidate genes involved in drought tolerance were identified in the set of ILs. (frontiersin.org)
The candidate genes will be identified by comparing gene expression profiling data from plant tissues at different physiological conditions and genetic backgrounds. (usda.gov)

However, this analysis requires accurate reference genomes to identify the specific genes from which RNA reads originate. (osti.gov)
The ability to express foreign genes in plant cells provides a powerful tool for studying the function of specific genes. (org.ua)

The physiological conditions experienced by a microbial community can thus be inferred using meta-transcriptomic sequencing by comparing transcription levels of specifically chosen genes. (osti.gov)

Chromatin loops connect regulatory elements to their target genes. (nature.com)
By integrating expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, we demonstrate that long-range chromatin interactions between variant regulatory elements and their target genes contribute to variations in gene expression, metabolic phenotypes, and agronomic traits. (nature.com)

The biosynthesis of plant hormones within plant tissues is often diffuse and not always localized. (wikipedia.org)
In order to enhance berry coloration of bright-red grape cultivars, the effects of abscisic acid (ABA) treatment on the quantity and composition of anthocyanins as well as the expression of genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis in the berry were examined. (scirp.org)
Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that ABA treatment around véraison resulted in the upregulation of genes encoding enzymes responsible for both general flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis. (scirp.org)
Many genes are involved in starch biosynthesis and there is limited natural variation with regards to starch metabolism in cassava compare to other crops such as maize. (scialert.net)
Combined with contents of total anthocyanidins and carotenoids in high-performance liquid chromatography, they focused on the role of cis-and trans-regulatory variants on key genes involved in anthocyanin and carotenoid biosynthesis pathways. (phys.org)

prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome organization, regulation of gene expression, gene mutation and repair, chromosomal aberrations (numerical and structural), transposons. (successcds.net)
The concept of mutation was coined by Hugo De Vries in 1901, whom worked with plants species of the genus Oenothera where he discovered some phenotypic hereditary characteristics that he coined as "mutations" and "mutants" to those individuals that have these phenotypic alterations. (intechopen.com)
In plants, the most dramatic form of mutation is polyploidization, the duplication of the chromosome set. (lu.se)

The tissues of N. rustica plants were infiltrated by the created genetic vectors for transient gene expression. (org.ua)

organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, artificial seed, somaclonal variation, secondary metabolism in plant cell culture, embryo culture, in vitro fertilization. (successcds.net)
The cloning of agriculturally important genes is often complicated by haplotype variation across crop cultivars. (tamu.edu)
Collectively, these maps provide a high-resolution view of 3D maize genome architecture, and its role in gene expression and phenotypic variation. (nature.com)
Our results highlight the significance of 3D organization of regulatory elements and suggest that the topology of long-range genetic variations may affect gene expression as well as phenotype variation. (nature.com)
More so, TEs are a rich source of genetic variation, which makes them an intriguing research avenue to investigate humanspecific traits, including their impact on human brain evolution and their relevance in disease. (lu.se)

Plant cells produce hormones that affect even different regions of the cell producing the hormone. (wikipedia.org)
This chromatin remodelling activity is associated with regulation of gene expression in heterochromatin regions of plant and mammal chromosomes and with the cellular response to DNA damage. (imperial.ac.uk)
Transposable elements (TEs) are ancient (retro)-virus insertions inside a host genome and are peculiar mobile genetic elements accounting for a large proportion of repetitive DNA regions ( [29] ). (sisef.it)
The main goals of the research described in this thesis were to evaluate mechanisms responsible for drought tolerance in turfgrasses by evaluating whole-plant, cellular, proteomic, metabolomic, genetic, and genomic regions associated with drought defense responses. (rutgers.edu)
QTL are large genomic regions that are associated with molecular markers and specific plant phenotypes that can be used in plant breeding strategies. (rutgers.edu)
The analysis showed great genetic diversity of the different strains between countries and regions. (cdc.gov)

During plant evolution and species diversification, the signalling mechanisms of the heterotrophic and phototrophic compartments were challenged by functional gene translocation and adaptation. (fu-berlin.de)
Comparison of today´s plants demonstrate species- and ecotype-specific modifications of the chloroplast-to-nucleus signalling and regulation mechanisms. (fu-berlin.de)
Transformed miRNA expression studied in some plant species for better understanding of plant development and stress tolerance such as heavy metal, salinity, temperature, drought and nutrient deficiency. (intechopen.com)
This study reported 73 plant species belonging to 37 plant families and 46 genera. (bvsalud.org)
The majority of plant species belong to compositae family. (bvsalud.org)
Gene expression rewiring often contributes to phenotypic evolution between newly diverged species. (phys.org)
However, the effects of cis-and trans-regulatory variants at the whole genome level of gene expression leading to phenotypic differentiation in floral organs during the closely related newly diverged species are not very clear. (phys.org)
The results revealed that trans-regulatory variants had higher correlations on the differentiation of gene expression in petal tissues between the two species. (phys.org)
In addition, hub genes in modules from anthocyanin-and carotenoid-related weighted co-expression networks were preferentially regulated by trans-only with dominant inheritance, which involved the rewiring of the anthocyanin and carotenoid gene regulatory networks between the two species. (phys.org)
The expression differences of these three genes had important impacts on the flower color differentiation between the two lotus species. (phys.org)
Improvement of the drought stress tolerance of plants is necessary due to the widespread incidence of drought damage to crop species. (rutgers.edu)
Therefore, our study systems often include multiple plant- and insect species that form small interaction networks. (lu.se)

Students can also enrol for master's or doctoral studies in plant biotechnology, during which time they will form an integral part of our research programme. (sun.ac.za)
An average final mark of at least 60% is required for the Plant Biotechnology honours degree programme. (sun.ac.za)
Students are also expected to complete a project in plant biotechnology independently, under the supervision of an academic staff member, and p resent the results in the form of a research publication. (sun.ac.za)
The Plant and Environmental Biotechnology program (PEB) is designed to train undergraduate students for careers in new and growing areas of the life sciences emphasizing the use of biotechnology in agriculture, environmental clean-up and management, industry, teaching, and other professions. (hawaii.edu)
Students tailor the major to meet their needs by choosing one of the specializations as their focus of study: environmental and microbial biotechnology, plant biotechnology, insect and pathogen biotechnology, general biotechnology, or aquaculture and bioreactor biotechnology. (hawaii.edu)
All these features are related to biotechnology that is totally applicable to human health care has a tremendous impact on the necessity of patients and there families as it not only revolves around medicine and diagnostics that are produced employing a biotechnological process but also involves gene and cell therapies, recombinant DNA products, tissue engineered products and controlling environmental pollution . (biotechnologycongress.com)
The graduate programs offered by the Centre for Biotechnology encompass the broad fields of chemical and gene biotechnology. (brocku.ca)
Gene biotechnology involves the use of DNA technology, bioinformatics and microbiological techniques to study biological phenomena. (brocku.ca)

These profiles of plant response to environmental extremes (abiotic stresses) are expected to lead to regulators that will be useful in biotechnological approaches to improve stress tolerance as well as to new tools for studying regulatory genetic circuitry. (nih.gov)
Special attention is given to apetala-2-related transcription factors, which are involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat and high light. (fu-berlin.de)
Quantitative real-time PCR was used to test the expression of ZmCAMTA genes under several abiotic stresses (drought, salt, and cold), various stress-related hormones [abscisic acid, auxin, salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid] and biotic stress [rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) infection]. (frontiersin.org)

Sample-specific meta-genomic assembled genomes (MAGs) were used as reference genomes to accurately identify the origin of RNA reads, and transcript ratios of genes with opposite transcription responses were compared to eliminate biases related to differences in organismal abundance, an approach hereafter named the "diametric ratio" method. (osti.gov)
At present, the genomic and genetic information available in the public domain for this crop are scanty, which hinders an understanding of its growth and development and genetic improvement. (oregonstate.edu)
However in recent years with the development of epigenesis, genomic imprinting and the horizontal transferences of the genes, Lamarck's ideas have resurfaced. (intechopen.com)
while other major crops in the genus Solanum and in the family Solanaceae, like tomato, potato, pepper, tobacco, and petunia, have been widely studied from the genetic and genomic points of view, developments in eggplant genomics have lagged behind. (frontiersin.org)
Two of these methods, signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo expression technology, do not directly measure gene expression and do not allow true genomic-scale analysis, but they have been devised to identify genes necessary for pathogens during real infections. (cdc.gov)
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences that comprise around 50% of our genomic DNA. (lu.se)

and the regulation of the expression of enzyme-coding genes associated with important metabolic pathways. (oregonstate.edu)
This chapter describe the possibilities of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in crop plants gene expression regulation in different metabolic pathways. (intechopen.com)
Transcriptome analysis and metabolic profiles of Spd/Spm accumulating, transgenic fruit suggest the presence of an intricate regulation and interconnection between certain metabolic pathways that are revived when Spd and Spm likely reach a certain threshold. (ox.ac.uk)

They are naturally produced within plants, though very similar chemicals are produced by fungi and bacteria that can also affect plant growth. (wikipedia.org)
Cas9 is a programmable endonuclease routinely used to generate sequence deletions, insertions, and even to regulate gene expression from bacteria to mammals. (imperial.ac.uk)
Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria. (lookformedical.com)
The realization of the vastness of bacterial diversity and the development of novel experimental techniques have propelled molecular microbiology into a new era of investigation This course provides insights into how genes are organized and regulated in bacteria and in their viruses. (lu.se)
be able to describe molecular genetic processes in bacteria. (lu.se)

Part I will focus on how differential hormonal regulation may affect the drought defense responses in turfgrasses. (rutgers.edu)
Differential drought-induced regulation of plant hormones is a primary response to prevent cellular desiccation. (rutgers.edu)
Elevated CK content in the creeping bentgrass plants was achieved by drought induced expression of an ipt transgene encoding the enzyme adenine isopentenyltransferase promoting CK synthesis. (rutgers.edu)

Plants, being sessile, have the ability to dramatically alter their gene expression patterns in response to environmental changes such as temperature, water availability or the presence of deleterious levels of ions. (nih.gov)
The rimb -mutants (redox-imbalanced) were compared for gene expression regulation, metabolite patterns and stress responses. (fu-berlin.de)
The results showed that nine ZmCAMTA genes showed highly diversified gene structures and tissue-specific expression patterns. (frontiersin.org)
The Global Typhoid Genomics Consortium analyzed 13,000 Typhi genomes from 110 countries to provide a global overview of genetic diversity and antimicrobial-resistant patterns. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we first identified all the CAMTA homologous genes in the whole genome of maize. (frontiersin.org)
Although analyses that give information on the expression of a few genes provide insight and have been responsible for a large proportion of the bacterial pathogenesis literature currently available, our ultimate goal is to understand expression changes across the whole genome. (cdc.gov)
The additional information generated by whole genome studies goes far beyond that derived by characterizing in isolation more genes and gene products, because analysis of the whole genome allows complete regulatory networks to be identified and characterized. (cdc.gov)

This module is designed to introduce students to concepts important in understanding the biochemical and molecular basis for aspects of plant metabolism. (sun.ac.za)
Despite a large number of genetic, biochemical and structural studies on ySWR1, its detailed exchange mechanism is still unknown. (imperial.ac.uk)
Biochemical regulation of gene expression. (entrance-exam.net)
Plant hormones such as cytokinins (CK) are signaling molecules controlling gene expression and the activity of various biochemical pathways. (rutgers.edu)

Plant hormones are not nutrients, but chemicals that in small amounts promote and influence the growth, development, and differentiation of cells and tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Plants utilize simple chemicals as hormones, which move more easily through their tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Study of the gfp gene expression regulation in Nicotiana rustica L. tissues by different terminators. (org.ua)
Central to this investigation is an understanding of what gene products are required and expressed during a natural infection and how this expression changes over time (from initial colonization to causation of disease and spread of the pathogen to new hosts) and space (in different cells or tissues within the host). (cdc.gov)
Significant increases of plant sterols (ie, phytosterols) are found in blood and various tissues. (medscape.com)
In the liver, cholesterol and plant sterols may be transported to peripheral tissues by very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), converted to bile acids, or transported out of the liver into the bile for excretion. (medscape.com)

However, partial overlap was observed for many TET genes across the clades, correlating with few phenotypes in single mutants and, therefore, requiring double mutant combinations for functional investigation. (unical.it)

Throughout the life of a eukaryotic cell, chromosomes undergo drastic conformational rearrangements that play essential roles in almost all nuclear processes, including gene expression, DNA repair and cell division. (imperial.ac.uk)
Retrotransposons (RNA mediated Class I TEs) are the most widespread class of eukaryotic TE, particularly relevant in shaping plant genomes ( [10] , [44] ). (sisef.it)

Plant odyssey - Adaptation of plants to cold. (mpg.de)
In these networks, we study plant and insect trait evolution, and the role of trait diversification for gene flow and local adaptation. (lu.se)

We study stress regulated transcription factors for their function in plant acclimation. (fu-berlin.de)

Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in plants. (lookformedical.com)
A new research project was initiated to identify the genes important to the processes and related signal transduction pathways. (usda.gov)

Whithout mutations we would know very little about inheritance and the existence of genes. (intechopen.com)
Genes from different cis-and trans-regulatory variants exhibit different inheritance modes. (phys.org)
Genes with different regulatory categories preferred a specific inheritance mode of gene expression in F1 hybrids. (phys.org)
Genes under cis-only and trans-only regulation were significantly enriched for additive inheritance and dominant inheritance, respectively. (phys.org)
Additionally, genes under antagonistic cis-and trans-effects (cis-trans compensating regulatory variants and cis-trans compensatory regulatory variants) showed significant enrichment of transgressive inheritance. (phys.org)

Using enhancer trapping techniques and reporter gene approaches we screen for cis -regulatory elements which are involved in sensing photosynthetically controlled signals. (fu-berlin.de)

It is responsible for transmitting genetic traits from one generation to the next. (proprofs.com)
Dissecting the genetic basis of bioactive metabolites and fruit quality traits in blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L. (ncsu.edu)
This first set of ABs and ILs of eggplant will be extremely useful for the genetic dissection of traits of interest for eggplant, and represents an elite material for introduction into the breeding pipelines for developing new eggplant cultivars adapted to the challenges posed by the climate-change scenario. (frontiersin.org)
We investigate the direct effects of polyploidization on phenotypic traits of importance for plant-insect interactions (e.g. floral scent and morphology), using different ploidy-types of the plant Lithophragma bolanderi as model. (lu.se)

Furthermore, the high polymorphism of retrotransposable elements can represent a starting point for the development of new genetic variability markers. (sisef.it)
In addition, we identified 2,411 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) as potential genetic markers from the transcripts. (oregonstate.edu)
GENATLAS : un catalogue de la carte des gènes = a catalogue of mapped genes and other markers / Jean Frézal, Marie-Sophie Baule, Thérèse de Fougerolle. (who.int)
catalogue of mapped genes and other markers. (who.int)

The two section of the course first deals with how plants fix carbon and synthesise sucrose and how this relates to crop productivity. (sun.ac.za)
Taken altogether, we propose that SA/ABA inducible chimeric/recombinant promoters could be used for strong expression of gene(s) of interest in crop plants. (uky.edu)
All these findings indicate that miRNAs act as a potential tool for genetic engineering and to enhance stress tolerance in crop plants. (intechopen.com)
There is considerable interest in generating cassava plants with altered starch characteristics which would offer new industrial applications for this important root crop. (scialert.net)
It will quite effectively cater to the needs of molecular biologists, molecular geneticists, cell and molecular biologists, animal, plant, and crop geneticists, synthetic biologists, biotechnologists, and researchers involved with the fields of stem cell and molecular aspects of cancer research. (caister.com)

The expression level of the lycopene ε-cyclase gene was significantly higher in N. lutea to promote carotenoid accumulation, suggesting cis-and trans-regulatory variants involved in the rewiring of the anthocyanin and carotenoid gene regulatory networks. (phys.org)

Giddings G, Allison G, Brooks D, Carter A. Transgenic plants as factories for biopharmaceuticals. (org.ua)
Overaccumulation of higher polyamines in ripening transgenic tomato fruit revives metabolic memory, upregulates anabolism-related genes, and positively impacts nutritional quality. (ox.ac.uk)

Plant hormones control all aspects of plant growth and development, including embryogenesis, the regulation of organ size, pathogen defense, stress tolerance and reproductive development. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, unlike WT plants, the mutant line showed an almost complete loss of voltage gated K(+) channel activity and Vm depolarization, a loss of shoot-induced root-Vm depolarization, a loss of activation and regulation of gene expression of the JA defense pathway, and a much diminished release and altered profile of VOCs. (jic.ac.uk)
These results demonstrate that EFR is the EF-Tu receptor and that plant defense responses induced by PAMPs such as EF-Tu reduce transformation by Agrobacterium. (uea.ac.uk)

Expression profiling can define both tolerant and sensitive responses. (nih.gov)
The calmodulin-binding transcription activators (CAMTA) play critical roles in plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, the expression pattern of ZmCAMTA genes under RBSDV infection was analyzed to investigate their potential roles in responses of different maize cultivated varieties to RBSDV. (frontiersin.org)

On the other hand, the gene expressions of enzymes involved in proanthocyanidin synthesis were drastically decreased at véraison and remained extremely low even with ABA treatment. (scirp.org)

High use value plant and the new reported medicinal plants might prove an important source of the isolation of pharmacologically active compounds. (bvsalud.org)

Many ZmCAMTA genes displayed high expression levels in the roots. (frontiersin.org)
It is supplied to the plant by water drawn from the soil by the roots. (encyclopedie-environnement.org)
These techniques to cultivate plants, in which the roots are directly bathed in the nutrient solution without a solid substrate, are the origin of hydroponics (a cultivation technique without soil using renewed nutrient solutions and an inert substrate such as sand or glass beads). (encyclopedie-environnement.org)

Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA molecules that contain the genes. (proprofs.com)

You will study the structure of DNA and chromatin, and develop an understanding for how the expression of genetic information is regulated. (lu.se)

The assembled transcriptome is estimated to have the complete sequence information for ~86% of the genes found in the Chia genome. (oregonstate.edu)
Based on single nucleotide polymorphisms from re-sequencing and transcriptome sequencing among parents and F1 hybrids, the global allele-specific expression analysis was carried out to uncover the relative contributions of genome-wide cis-and trans-regulatory divergences to differentiation of flower color in interspecies. (phys.org)

The results presented here will be helpful to understand the molecular basis of Brachypodium inflorescence development and even to elucidate master genes responsible for the high diversity of inflorescences observed in grasses. (conicet.gov.ar)

Nucleic acid sequences involved in regulating the expression of genes. (lookformedical.com)
Cis-acting DNA sequences which can increase transcription of genes. (lookformedical.com)
Thus, we created 5 genetic constructs with different terminator sequences. (org.ua)

Analysis of carbohydrate metabolism of CPD antisense plants and the brassinosteroid-deficient cbb1 mutant. (mpg.de)
Because most mutations affecting starch metabolism are recessive, moving useful mutations into the appropriate genetic background via conventional breeding is ardous. (scialert.net)

The soybean GmN6L gene encodes a late nodulin expressed in the infected zone of nitrogen-fixing nodules. (mpg.de)

Strikingly, a number of TET genes were expressed in embryonic and seedling progenitor cells and remained expressed until the differentiation state in the mature plant, suggesting a dynamic function over developmental stages. (unical.it)
The following chapters cover the epigenetic systems of plants, the epigenetic profile of embryonic stem cells, cell differentiation, imprinting marks, and random X chromosome inactivation. (caister.com)

The cis-and trans-regulatory variants in Nelumbo nucifera, Nelumbo lutea and their F1 hybrids (F1-H6, F1-H8) based on Allele-specific expression analysis. (phys.org)

The anthocyanin 5- aromatic acyltransferase gene underwent cis-trans compensating regulation and the glutathione s-transferase F11 gene with cis-trans enhancing regulation exhibited much higher expression in N. nucifera to promote anthocyanin accumulation. (phys.org)
Stable integration of E8-ySAMdc chimeric gene in tomato genome led to ripening-specific accumulation of polyamines, spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), which in turn affected higher accumulation of glutamine, asparagine, and organic acids in the red fruit with significant decrease in the contents of valine, aspartate, sucrose, and glucose. (ox.ac.uk)

In mammals, cytosine methylation at CpG positions of the DNA sequence is one of the hallmarks of epigenetic gene silencing. (caister.com)
More so, our results show that the epigenetic regulation of TE transcription is dynamically regulated throughout life (Paper II), upon the beginning of neuroinflammation (Paper III), and in a disease-driving polymorphic TE insertion (Paper IV). (lu.se)

In addition, the creation of genetically modified plants may provide new important features that are useful for industrial production or pharmaceutical applications. (org.ua)

However, the mechanisms underlying these variations and their phenotypic expression are unclear. (nature.com)
The results from this study provide a new perspective on the genetic mechanism of phenotypic polymorphism in Nelumbo. (phys.org)

The observed differences in genome size in plants are accompanied by variations in the content of LTR retrotransposons, demonstrating that such elements might be important players in the evolution of plant genomes, along with polyploidy ( [11] ). (sisef.it)
Access to pan-genome information greatly facilitates the assessment of structural variations and rapid candidate gene identification. (tamu.edu)
Different reprogramming propensities in plants and mammals: Are small variations in the core network wirings responsible? (lu.se)

plant-microbe beneficial interactions. (successcds.net)

Haplotype comparisons across ten high-quality wheat genomes revealed a MYB transcription factor as candidate gene. (tamu.edu)

Nicotiana benthamiana, a plant unable to perceive EF-Tu, acquires EF-Tu binding sites and responsiveness upon transient expression of EFR. (uea.ac.uk)

Besides its role in the regulation of genes, DNA methylation silences repetitive elements and appears to be important for the stability of the mammalian genome. (caister.com)

The group studies the molecular mechanisms involved in plant tolerance to environmental parameters. (fu-berlin.de)
Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy33

Organisms32

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs54

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment33

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes101

Disciplines and Occupations4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture12

Information Science8

Health Care5

Arabidopsis10

Proteins9

Genetics9

Physiology9

Promoter10

Protein13

Molecular biology2

Transcriptional regulation4

Biology5

Growth regulators1

Candidate genes2

Specific genes2

Physiological1

Target genes2

Biosynthesis5

Mutation3

Vectors1

Variation5

Regions6

Species12

Biotechnology8

Abiotic stresses3

Genomic6

Metabolic pathways3

Bacteria5

Drought3

Patterns4

Whole genome3

Biochemical4

Tissues6

Phenotypes1

Eukaryotic2

Adaptation2

Transcription factors1

Processes2

Inheritance5

Reporter1

Traits4

Markers4

Crop5

Regulatory Networks1

Transgenic2

Defense3

Responses3

Synthesis1

Isolation1

Roots3

Chromosomes1

Chromatin1

Transcriptome2

Diversity1

Sequences3

Metabolism2

Encodes1

Embryonic2

Hybrids1

Accumulation2

Epigenetic2

Genetically modified plants1

Phenotypic2

Variations3

Interactions1

Genomes1

Nicotiana1

Role in the regulation1

Mechanisms2