Genechip gene expression. Medical search. Frequent questions

The majority of the top 15 differentially expressed genes for each tissue were known to either be expressed in a tissue-specific manner or relate to specific functions of that tissue. (cambridge.org)
Gene ontology analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed the expected differences in gene expression profiles between the two tissues. (cambridge.org)
The peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha ( Ppargc1a ) gene was found to be involved in the networks generated using Ingenuity Pathway Studio (IPA) from the differentially expressed transcript cluster lists of week 2 versus 1, week 3 versus 2, week 6 versus 3, and week 8 versus 6. (molvis.org)
The differentially expressed genes can be classified as genes involved in protein synthesis, cell cycle, signal transduction, apoptosis, mitochondrial-related proteins, and immune responses. (usda.gov)
Additionally, in one of the experiments comparing liver and muscle expression, "two times the number of differentially expressed exons was discovered using the array," Xu told BioArray News this week. (genomeweb.com)
Traditional methods of analysing gene expression data often include a statistical test to find differentially expressed genes, or use of a clustering algorithm to find groups of genes that behave similarly across a dataset. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we describe coXpress, an R package that allows researchers to identify groups of genes that are differentially co-expressed. (biomedcentral.com)
We have developed coXpress as a means of identifying groups of genes that are differentially co-expressed. (biomedcentral.com)
The software uses a re-sampling method to calculate a p-value for each group, and provides several methods for the visualisation of differentially co-expressed genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Data analysis often includes the use of a statistical test, such as a t-test or analysis of variance, to find genes differentially expressed in one set of conditions when compared to another, or the use of clustering algorithms in order to find groups of genes which behave similarly over a number of experiments [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Statistical tests, such as the t-test or ANOVA, identify genes that are differentially expressed under one or more conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
However, neither of the above attempted to find group of genes differentially co-expressed between different conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
To identify key genes differentially expressed in the human retinal pigment epithelium (hRPE) following low-level West Nile virus (WNV) infection. (molvis.org)
Results The highest-ranked differentially expressed genes were dominated by IGF-1 signalling genes. (bmj.com)
In this study, we aimed to assess host differentially expressed gene signatures in respiratory tract epithelial cells after influenza A virus pdmH1N1 or H7N9 infection. (aacc.org)

Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays are a powerful tool to study global gene expression profiles and have been used on many species. (cambridge.org)
Besides demonstrating that the probe selection method can be used to study the ovine transcriptome, the benefits of this approach are that it can greatly increase the number of annotated and novel genes that can be studied beyond those currently possible using ovine- or bovine-specific microarrays. (cambridge.org)
DNA microarrays measure the relative activity of previously identified target genes. (wikipedia.org)
According to lead author Weihong Xu, "lower technical variance with the microarrays translated to increased power for detecting low-level expression changes" compared to RNA-seq. (genomeweb.com)
Our technology follows the use of NGS or Sanger sequencing in discovery to take the workflow downstream with the validation performance of catalog or custom expression microarrays," he said. (genomeweb.com)
Microarrays have become a standard tool for the exploration of global gene expression changes at the cellular level [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Data reduction is an issue because Affymetrix GeneChip oligonucleotide microarrays assay each target mRNA with a set of 11 to 16 pairs of 25-nucleotide DNA probes. (biomedcentral.com)
We are experienced in processing microarrays from various vendors including Illumina Infinium, Affymetrix GeneChip, Agilent Sureselect as well as others on a standard slide format. (cd-genomics.com)
These diverse microarrays are designed based on the most recent genome content for generating genome-wide expression profiles of human, model organisms, plants, and animals. (cd-genomics.com)

Use of the Affymetrix Human GeneChip array and genomic. (cambridge.org)
However, no sheep-specific Affymetrix GeneChip is currently available and the bovine array is fairly limited in its coverage and annotation. (cambridge.org)
In this study, we demonstrate that gDNA-based probe selection on the Affymetrix Human U133+2 GeneChip array can be used to study gene expression profiles in sheep tissues. (cambridge.org)
Image: Courtesy of Rosetta Biosoftware The Rosetta Resolver system's Image Viewer application showing an Affymetrix GeneChip probe array. (the-scientist.com)
Biotinylated cRNA were prepared according to the standard Affymetrix protocol from 10 ug total RNA (Expression Analysis Technical Manual, 2001, Affymetrix). (nih.gov)
Gene expression profiles were obtained using the Affymetrix human genome U95A GeneChip. (nih.gov)
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive chicken gene expression profiling using oligonucleotide-based Affymetrix GeneChip Chicken Genome Arrays. (usda.gov)
A new, high-density array could help Affymetrix regain momentum in the gene-expression market. (genomeweb.com)
Following fragmentation, cRNA were hybridized onto GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST Array (Affymetrix) according to Affymetrix's instructions. (nih.gov)
RNA extracted from mock-infected and WNV-infected cells was assessed for differential expression of genes using Affymetrix microarray. (molvis.org)
cDNA expression analysis was performed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 platform and validated using quantitative PCR. (bmj.com)
The Affymetrix software Microarray Suite 4.0 and 5.0 (MAS 4 and MAS 5) estimate expression from the average difference of PM and MM fluorescence. (biomedcentral.com)
After 12 hours and 36 hours incubation, the cell pellets were collected for transcriptome analysis on the GeneChip HTA 2.0 array (Affymetrix platform) and the bioinformatic software were used for results evaluation. (aacc.org)

The company last week launched its GeneChip Human Transcriptome and Splice Junction Array, a 6.9-million-feature chip designed with researchers from Stanford University. (genomeweb.com)
This week, Last maintained that Affy is committed to offering the "best, cutting-edge gene-expression tools available," and said that the GeneChip Human Transcriptome and Splice Junction array "is the next generation of these tools, offering an even better view of the transcriptome. (genomeweb.com)
To meet multiple research goals, we offer a complete range of arrays for whole-transcriptome-, gene-, exon-, or short noncoding (snc)RNA-level analysis. (cd-genomics.com)

Following fragmentation, 10 ug of cRNA were hybridized for 16 hr at 45C on GeneChip Poplar Genome Array. (nih.gov)

DAVID was used to perform the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis for the different expression genes (DEGs). (medscimonit.com)
These data also provide the first evidence of dysregulation of IGF-1 pathway genes in TAO tissue, further strengthening the evidence for the role of IGF-1 signalling in the pathogenesis and potential treatment of TAO. (bmj.com)
The differentiation-induced psoriasin expression was found to be mediated by the protein kinase C pathway. (medicaljournals.se)

Ten DEGs, including 7 hub genes from PPI analysis, were confirmed by real-time PCR. (medscimonit.com)

Biotin labeled cRNA transcript was synthesized using cDNA, fragmented and hybridized to HuGeneFL GeneChip probe arrays representing more than 6800 human genes and expressed sequence tags. (cdc.gov)
Several alternative methods have been proposed to combine multiple probe-specific values into a single expression estimate. (biomedcentral.com)
Examples include summarizing several probe measurements corresponding to a single gene, representing the expression profiles of a co-expression module by a single expression profile, and aggregating cell-type marker information to de-convolute expression data. (biomedcentral.com)
We find that choosing the probe with the highest average expression leads to best between-study consistency. (biomedcentral.com)
Entrez ID or gene symbol) requires that the multiple probe measurements of a given gene be collapsed into a single gene measurement. (biomedcentral.com)

687 genes differentiated tumor samples before and after treatment, among which 310 genes did not show the same differential expression in the placebo group or normal samples. (karger.com)

The differences in gene expression profiles induced by the two predators suggest that there are functional differences between the altered tail tissues of the two groups of tadpoles. (biomedcentral.com)

Streamlining Regulon Identification in Bacteria Regulons are a group of genes that can be turned on or off by the same regulatory protein. (doe.gov)

These chicken genome arrays have considerable promise as a valuable tool in understanding the molecular mechanism regulating MDV cytolytic and latent infection, and providing insights into the chicken gene expression pattern and associated biological pathways in response to different phases of viral pathogenesis. (usda.gov)
However, these techniques may not detect differential co-expression patterns that exist between two biological states. (biomedcentral.com)
However, genes which show highly correlated patterns of expression in one biological state, but not in another, may not be highly correlated across the entire dataset, and therefore would not be associated with one another if a clustering algorithm is used. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally, to facilitate biological interpretation of collapsed gene lists, we introduce the function userListEnrichment, which assesses the enrichment of gene lists for known brain and blood cell type markers, and for other published biological pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Achieving systematic, genome-scale perturbations within intact biological systems is important for elucidating gene function and epigenetic regulation. (cdc.gov)

These arrays contain probes for 32,773 chicken transcripts corresponding to more than 28,000 chicken genes. (usda.gov)
Emphasis on the study of gene expression with GeneChip Expression Profiling Arrays. (datacamp.com)

RIViT-seq technology could speed up associating transcription factors with their target genes. (doe.gov)

Beyond this time, no differences in global gene expression in infected and control animals were detectable by microarray analysis. (biomedcentral.com)

Whether alterations in the expression pattern of these genes, particularly transcriptional factors, is associated with carcinogenic potential of TCA needs to be elucidated. (cdc.gov)
These include IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor binding/signalling genes, such as SOCS3 and IRS2, and downstream signalling and transcriptional regulators, such as SGK (PDK/Akt signalling) and c-JUN. (bmj.com)
thus, gene expression changes occurring between two groups of samples could either be due to changes in transcriptional levels in one or more cell types, or they could be due to changes in cell type proportion variation. (biomedcentral.com)
We use these engineered Cas9 activation complexes to investigate sgRNA targeting rules for effective transcriptional activation, demonstrate multiplexed activation of 10 genes simultaneously, and upregulate long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) transcripts. (cdc.gov)

The differential gene expression data analysis was performed using GeneChip 4.0 software. (cdc.gov)
This study provides a differential gene expression profile between TMJ fibrous and bony ankylosis. (medscimonit.com)

However, little information has been gathered to date regarding the genomic location of drought-regulated genes, either expressed throughout plant development or at late reproductive stages influencing seed yield and quality. (biomedcentral.com)

RNA microarray analysis showed that most of the genes with significant changes after TGF- β 1 incubation were recovered by EGF. (hindawi.com)

It was suggested that Tgfβ1 could possibly act as a signaling molecule in controlling collagen gene expression and modulate ECM during ocular growth. (molvis.org)
These dCas9-activator fusions targeted to the promoter region of endogenous genes can then modulate gene expression 7 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

Altered gene expression patterns were observed in 133 RNA transcripts with at least a 2 fold change. (cdc.gov)
The expression patterns of drought regulated genes were monitored during plant ontogeny, mapped and the location of these genes was incorporated into a comprehensive barley SNP linkage map. (biomedcentral.com)
However, these methods may miss groups of genes which form differential co-expression patterns under different subsets of experimental conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
coXpress can be used to find groups of genes that display differential co-expression patterns in microarray datasets. (biomedcentral.com)
Li [ 9 ] describes a method whereby genes whose expression is associated with differential co-expression patterns in other pairs of genes may be discovered, and Lai et al [ 10 ] describe a conceptually similar method whereby pairs of genes that display differential co-expression patterns between the normal and cancerous state may be discovered. (biomedcentral.com)
There are significantly different gene expression patterns between pdmH1N1 and H7N9 infected NHBE cells. (aacc.org)

Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to confirm the differential expression of genes obtained from Genechip analysis. (nih.gov)
The expression analysis of limited viral and host transcripts have revealed differences in gene expression pattern during cytolytic and latent phases of MDV infection. (usda.gov)
GeneChip analysis uses DNA labeled with fluorescent dyes to monitor gene expression. (cancerquest.org)
Prospective association analysis based on core drought-regulated genes may simplify the process of identifying favourable alleles, and help to understand the genetic basis of the response to terminal drought. (biomedcentral.com)
Eisen et al used hierarchical cluster analysis to determine groups of co-expressed genes, and found that genes within those groups were functionally related [ 4 ], and the use of hierarchical cluster analysis is now a standard technique for analysing microarray data [ 2 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Docking analysis showed that these genes possessed strong binding with the drugs. (degruyter.com)
Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of 23 genes was used to validate the microarray results. (molvis.org)
First, we study a crucial step of the meta-analysis of microarray data: the merging of independent gene expression data sets, which may have been measured on different platforms. (biomedcentral.com)
Several gene co-expression network analysis applications show that the optimal collapsing strategy depends on the analysis goal. (biomedcentral.com)

The resulting cDNA was fragmented, labeled with biotin, and hybridized to a Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array. (molvis.org)
CD Genomics Provides high-resolution array scanning and automation to dramatically improve efficiency in gene expression. (cd-genomics.com)
Most array platforms measure multiple probes per gene, and different platforms typically include different probes for the same gene. (biomedcentral.com)
Array data are intended to provide candidate genes for hypothesis generation and further experimentation. (cdc.gov)
Micro- array data from the ovalbumin and TMA model of asthma were also compared to previous data using Aspergillus as allergen to identify putative asthma `signature genes', i.e. genes up-regulated with all 3 allergens. (cdc.gov)
Array studies provide candidate genes to identify common mechanistic pathways in the effector phase, as well as mechanistic pathways unique to individual allergens. (cdc.gov)
Examples of high molecular environmental factors are known to influence the development weight occupational allergens include proteases used in the and expression of asthma, and a vast array of triggers of asthma detergent industry, laboratory animal allergens, and ovalbumin have been identified. (cdc.gov)

Genes contain the instructions for making messenger RNA (mRNA), but at any moment each cell makes mRNA from only a fraction of the genes it carries. (wikipedia.org)
Expression profiling experiments often involve measuring the relative amount of mRNA expressed in two or more experimental conditions. (wikipedia.org)
In general, mRNA levels of ECM and collagen genes have been found to be downregulated in both the adult mouse sclera [ 6 ] and cornea [ 7 ] when compared with samples from an earlier developmental stage. (molvis.org)

A further 80 genes showed greater than 5 fold differences in expression after exposure to dragonfly larvae and 81 genes showed altered expression after exposure to larval salamanders. (biomedcentral.com)
Two of these genes, arginase 1 and eotaxin 1 are the focus of continuing investigations in mouse models of asthma regarding differences in mechanistic pathways depending on the allergen. (cdc.gov)

Sequence based techniques, like RNA-Seq, provide information on the sequences of genes in addition to their expression level. (wikipedia.org)
Assembly and gene prediction of the metagenomic sequences derived from human stool and saliva samples. (datacamp.com)
However, it is difficult to capture the complexity of transcript isoform variance using these libraries, and large cDNA sequences are often difficult to clone into size-limited viral expression vectors. (cdc.gov)

To explore the effect of millimeter wave exposure at low power density on gene expression in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). (nih.gov)
PAR-2 and ERGIC-53 genes in HaCaT cells were up-regulated by 3.5 mW/cm2 millimeter wave exposure for 4 times. (nih.gov)
ERGIC-53 gene was also up-regulated by 1.0 mW/cm2 millimeter wave exposure for 4 times. (nih.gov)
However, no significant change for PAR-2 expression was found after the same exposure. (nih.gov)
Millimeter wave exposure could affect gene expression in human keratinocytes, which might be related to the intensity and the times of exposure. (nih.gov)
Studies have been conducted in our laboratory to determine whether exposure to TCA causes alterations in expression of cancer related genes in cultured human cells. (cdc.gov)
The higher expression of gremlin 1 and HIF1a genes after exposure to dragonfly larvae indicated an in vivo hypoxic reaction, while down-regulation of syndecan-2 may indicate impairment of angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Functional annotation clustering of the microarray data showed that gene clusters involved in immune and antiviral responses ranked highly, involving genes such as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 ( CCL2 ), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 ( CCL5 ), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 ( CXCL10 ), and toll like receptor 3 ( TLR3 ). (molvis.org)
As a second example, consider the task of representing co-expression modules (clusters of genes) by a single value (referred to as a module centroid). (biomedcentral.com)

Sometimes, a scientist already has an idea of what is going on, a hypothesis, and he or she performs an expression profiling experiment with the idea of potentially disproving this hypothesis. (wikipedia.org)
More commonly, expression profiling takes place before enough is known about how genes interact with experimental conditions for a testable hypothesis to exist. (wikipedia.org)
With no hypothesis, there is nothing to disprove, but expression profiling can help to identify a candidate hypothesis for future experiments. (wikipedia.org)

The figure above represents the output of a two dimensional cluster, in which similar samples (rows, above) and similar gene probes (columns) were organized so that they would lie close together. (wikipedia.org)
The use of recombinant inbred lines allows an estimate of the heritability of expression measured by individual probes. (biomedcentral.com)
Toward this end, we collapse multiple microarray probes for a single gene and then merge the data by gene identifier. (biomedcentral.com)

Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the progenitor cell marker expression, proliferation capacity, and differentiation potential of hepatic progenitors in TGF- β 1-induced EMT transition and EGF-induced reversion. (hindawi.com)
The high level of haplotype variation among starch biosynthesis/degradation genes in the progenitors of cultivated barley shows that domestication and breeding have greatly eroded their allelic diversity in current elite cultivars. (biomedcentral.com)

This study aims to explore its mechanism by defining changes in gene expression between neoplastic and normal tissue samples before and after treatment. (karger.com)

NGS is forcing customers to think about increasingly inclusive sets of transcripts, in particular alternative-splicing events as opposed to genes," said Last. (genomeweb.com)

In the field of molecular biology, gene expression profiling is the measurement of the activity (the expression) of thousands of genes at once, to create a global picture of cellular function. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, microarray profiling identified 226 genes with differential expression in the liver of animals treated with MSC, with cellular signaling, and actin cytoskeleton regulation as key upregulated processes. (frontiersin.org)
Each of these layers is characterized by specific features in terms of gene expression, function and cellular mor-phology (1). (medicaljournals.se)

Alterations in expression include metabolic genes (CYP11B1, MGMT), cell cycle control and DNA repair genes (GADD45, Cyclin G2, Cyclin D3, Cyclin A) and transcription factors (IF2, IF3). (cdc.gov)
Various clustering algorithms were used on a number of datasets, and the results evaluated by determining those genes that share a common transcription factor. (biomedcentral.com)
Programmable DNA binding proteins have emerged as an exciting platform for engineering synthetic transcription factors for modulating endogenous gene expression 5 - 11 . (cdc.gov)

We report haplotyping data for 17 starch biosynthesis/degradation genes demonstrating the broad diversity among H. spontaneum accessions and H. vulgare landraces but rather limited genetic variance in the current elite breeding germplasm by fixing certain haplotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
Our microarray data also demonstrate dysregulation of wingless-type MMTV (Wnt) signalling gene expression, including Wnt5a, sFRPs and DKK. (bmj.com)
Data from these define genetic and non-genetic variation, define a measure of heritability for expression of individual genes, and provide the basis for a new method of data reduction for genetical genomics. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively, our data indicate that MSC therapy rescues impaired mitochondrial morphology, enhances host metabolic capacity, and induces widespread host gene shifting. (frontiersin.org)
As a first example, consider the task of combining or contrasting gene expression data measured on different microarray platforms. (biomedcentral.com)
To compare such expression data sets at the level of a gene identifier (e.g. (biomedcentral.com)
As a third example, consider the task of estimating cell type abundances based on data for lineage and cell-specific markers such as selectively expressed genes or proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
The signature of our top screening hits is significantly correlated with gene expression data from clinical melanoma samples. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, cGAS is an important molecule for regulating basal expression levels of cell-intrinsic immune genes in cells and is, therefore, a central protein in immune responses to virus infection 10 . (nature.com)
Both genetics and environmental factors influence the expression of asthma, and not all asthma is the result of a specific immune response to allergen. (cdc.gov)

6 ], the transforming growth factor beta 1 ( Tgfβ1 ) gene and several collagen genes were significantly downregulated in 8-week-old B6 mice scleras when compared with 3-week-old B6 mice scleras. (molvis.org)

Findings include a 3.8-fold increase in expression, verified by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. (readabstracts.com)

The human genome contains on the order of 20,000 genes which work in concert to produce roughly 1,000,000 distinct proteins. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, the gene that encodes psoriasin is positioned within the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) (10-12), a gene cluster that contains several genes of importance in the terminal differentiation of the human epidermis (10, 11). (medicaljournals.se)
We also synthesize a library consisting of 70,290 guides targeting all human RefSeq coding isoforms to screen for genes which, upon activation, confer resistance to a BRAF inhibitor. (cdc.gov)

Expression profiling is a logical next step after sequencing a genome: the sequence tells us what the cell could possibly do, while the expression profile tells us what it is actually doing at a point in time. (wikipedia.org)
The keratinocytes in active psoriatic lesions display an altered sequence and altered expression levels of the differentiation markers (2). (medicaljournals.se)

Plants have evolved a range of defence and escape mechanisms [ 1 ], and these are typically mediated by multiple rather than by single genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Low-level WNV infection of hRPE cells induced expression of genes that are typically associated with the host cell response to virus infection. (molvis.org)

Haplotypes within a set of 17 starch biosynthesis/degradation genes were defined, and a particularly high level of haplotype variation was uncovered in the genes encoding sucrose synthase (types I and II) and starch synthase. (biomedcentral.com)
Variation may exist in the expression of a gene in different groups of individuals due to the presence of sub-populations, and this may lead to that gene being grouped incorrectly. (biomedcentral.com)
Differential expression of specific factors observed between avian H7N9 and pdmH1N1 influenza virus strains could explain the variation in disease pathogenicity. (aacc.org)

The aim of this study was to identify the genes and pathways underlying the growth of the mouse sclera during postnatal development. (molvis.org)
Further study of these key genes may provide new ideas for future treatment of TMJ bony ankylosis. (medscimonit.com)
The aim of this study is to elucidate the gene expression profile of orbital fat from patients with active, but untreated, TAO. (bmj.com)
Second, we study methods for summarizing the gene expression profiles of a co-expression module. (biomedcentral.com)

We extracted gene expression profiles from mouse macrophages from the GEO dataset, GSE152795 using the GEO2R webtool. (degruyter.com)
To gain global and dynamic gene expression profiles, the NHBE cells cultured from a 24 year old donor were challenged by 3.0 m.o.i. avian H7N9 virus (A/Taiwan/4-CGMH/2014), H1N1pdm virus (A/California/07/2009), or mock control. (aacc.org)

This pattern of expression suggests an involvement in epithelial differentiation. (medicaljournals.se)

The simplest form of class discovery would be to list all the genes that changed by more than a certain amount between two experimental conditions. (wikipedia.org)

the tadpoles showed reduced expression of cα(E)-catenin , small muscle protein, dystrophin , and myosin light chain genes. (biomedcentral.com)

We also identified other genes, including IDO1 and BAMBI, that may influence the RPE and therefore outer blood-retinal barrier integrity during ocular infection and inflammation, or are associated with degeneration, as seen for example in aging. (molvis.org)
Whereas in the acute phase of the disease immunoregulatory processes prevail in the hippocampus and the cortex, we observed a strong activation of neurogenic processes in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, both by gene expression and immunohistology starting as early as 3 days after infection. (biomedcentral.com)
ATP12A, KRT4, and CEACAM5 gene expression decreased 1273-540 fold 36 hours after H7N9 infection. (aacc.org)

Functional analyses indicated that some of the genes induced by dragonfly larvae caused an increase in laminins necessary for cell adhesion in the extracellular matrix. (biomedcentral.com)

Many experiments of this sort measure an entire genome simultaneously, that is, every gene present in a particular cell. (wikipedia.org)
Many factors determine whether a gene is on or off, such as the time of day, whether or not the cell is actively dividing, its local environment, and chemical signals from other cells. (wikipedia.org)
While knowledge of the precise proteins a cell makes (proteomics) is more relevant than knowing how much messenger RNA is made from each gene,[why? (wikipedia.org)
During TGF- β 1-induced transition and EGF-induced reversion, hepatic oval cells sustained their progenitor cell marker expression, including α -fetoprotein, albumin, and cytokeratin-19. (hindawi.com)
In a spectrum of conditions of dysregulated keratinocyte differentiation, we have previously demonstrated strong psoriasin expression in differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and a lack of expression in undifferentiated basalioma (9). (medicaljournals.se)

The gene expression of Ppargc1a varied during scleral growth from week 1 to 2, week 2 to 3, week 3 to 6, and week 6 to 8 and was found to interact with a different set of genes at different scleral growth stages. (molvis.org)

A popular approach to class discovery involves grouping similar genes or samples together using one of the many existing clustering methods such the traditional k-means or hierarchical clustering, or the more recent MCL. (wikipedia.org)

For instance, skin cells, liver cells and nerve cells turn on (express) somewhat different genes and that is in large part what makes them different. (wikipedia.org)
The number of upregulated genes was larger than the numbers of downregulated genes in both groups of virus-infected NHBE cells at both time points. (aacc.org)

We have tested heritability-weighted averages to define expression of a transcript and found that these allow detection of more QTLs than previously described methods. (biomedcentral.com)

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